CN115277327A - Equalization method, medium and device suitable for millimeter wave data link - Google Patents

Equalization method, medium and device suitable for millimeter wave data link Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115277327A
CN115277327A CN202210665425.9A CN202210665425A CN115277327A CN 115277327 A CN115277327 A CN 115277327A CN 202210665425 A CN202210665425 A CN 202210665425A CN 115277327 A CN115277327 A CN 115277327A
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frequency domain
equalization
pilot
channel estimation
channel
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邹江波
卜智勇
赵梦韵
耿敏
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Chengdu Zhongke Micro Information Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Chengdu Zhongke Micro Information Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/01—Equalisers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
    • H04L25/0242—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods
    • H04L25/0246—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods with factorisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]

Abstract

The invention provides an equalization method, medium and device suitable for millimeter wave data chains, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1: obtaining a channel estimation parameter hvAnd pilot frequency position parameters, setting FFT transform length L; and 2, step: estimation of channel noise variance δ using pilot datan(ii) a And step 3: for channel estimation parameter hvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest(ii) a And 4, step 4: using the channel noise variance deltanAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestCalculating a frequency domain equalization factor FirH; and 5: input data S using frequency domain equalization factor FirHinCarrying out frequency domain equalization to obtain an intermediate result St(ii) a Step 6: to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout. The invention performs equalization processing in the frequency domain, simplifies the algorithm processing flow, reduces the calculated amount and simultaneously reduces the engineering realization difficulty.

Description

Equalization method, medium and device suitable for millimeter wave data link
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an equalization method, medium and device suitable for a millimeter wave data link.
Background
With the development of communication technology, data links are widely applied to actual combat, are continuously improved and perfected, and play an important role in the present war. From military independent combat to combined combat. These changes in the combat requirements have placed new demands on the communication and transmission of combat information. The existing data link has the problems of low transmission rate, large time delay and the like, and is not suitable for the requirements of future informatization combat. Conventional wireless communication technologies have made it difficult to meet our needs. Meanwhile, the frequency resources of the low frequency band are becoming more and more tense. In this context, millimeter wave communication technology is beginning to receive increasing attention with its ultra-high rate and rich frequency resources.
In order to apply the millimeter wave to the data link system, the problem of channel equalization under the millimeter wave condition needs to be solved. In a millimeter wave data link system, the data bandwidth is large, the sampling rate is high, and when a time domain equalization method is adopted, the algorithm processing flow is complex, the calculated amount is large, and the engineering is difficult to realize; meanwhile, under the high-speed millimeter wave transmission, the transmission quality is also influenced by the tiny change of the channel, and the channel quality is difficult to reflect in real time only by adopting the pilot frequency design of the preamble in the past. A special pilot structure needs to be set.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an equalization method, medium and device suitable for a millimeter wave data chain, and aims to solve the problems of large calculation amount, complex processing flow, difficult engineering realization and pilot frequency design when a time domain equalization method is adopted.
The invention provides an equalization method suitable for a millimeter wave data link, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a channel estimation parameter hvAnd pilot frequency position parameters, setting FFT transform length L;
step 2: estimation of channel noise variance δ using pilot datan；
And step 3: for channel estimation parameter hvPerforming FFT with length LObtaining a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersest；
And 4, step 4: using the channel noise variance deltanAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestCalculating a frequency domain equalization factor FirH;
and 5: input data S using frequency domain equalization factor FirHinCarrying out frequency domain equalization to obtain an intermediate result St；
Step 6: to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout。
Further, the pilot location parameter in step 1 includes a preamble location index phMiddle pilot position PmAnd a trailing position index pl。
Further, step 2 comprises the following substeps:
step 2.1: from input data S according to the pilot location parameterinSelects pilot frequency data Sp；
Step 2.2: the selected pilot frequency data SpWith the transmitted original pilot data SbCarrying out conjugate multiplication to obtain Sest(ii) a Then to SestObtaining the variance to obtain the channel noise variance deltanExpressed as:
δn＝var(Sp.*conj(Sb))
where var represents the take variance operation and conj represents the take conjugate operation.
Further, step 3 comprises the following substeps:
step 3.1: estimating a parameter h for a channel according to an FFT transform length LvZero filling is carried out, so that the channel estimation parameter h after zero fillingvThe length is L;
step 3.2: estimating parameter h for channel after zero paddingvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest。
Further, the channel noise variance δ is used in step 4nAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestThe method for calculating the frequency domain equalization factor FirH comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003692763970000021
wherein abs represents an absolute value operation.
Further, in step 5, the input data S is equalized by using the frequency domain equalization factor FirHinThe method for carrying out frequency domain equalization comprises the following steps:
St＝ifft(fft(Sin).*FirH)
wherein ifft indicates performing inverse fast fourier transform, and fft indicates performing fast fourier transform.
Further, the intermediate result S is obtained in step 6tThe intercepting method comprises the following steps:
according to the input data SinLength of (2) to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout。
The invention also provides a computer terminal storage medium, which stores computer terminal executable instructions used for executing the equalization method applicable to the millimeter wave data chain.
The present invention also provides a computing device comprising:
at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above equalization method for millimeter wave data chains.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention carries out equalization processing in the frequency domain, simplifies the algorithm processing flow, reduces the calculated amount, and adopts O (N)2) The calculated amount is reduced to O (NlogN), meanwhile, in the aspect of engineering realization, frequency domain equalization can be realized by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and the conventional mainstream FPGA chip can call an FFTip core, so that rapid development can be realized, and the engineering realization difficulty is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an equalization method applied to a mm-wave data link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a preamble structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is an unbalanced constellation mapping diagram in the 16QAM modulation scheme.
Fig. 4 is a constellation mapping diagram after the equalization method suitable for the millimeter wave data chain of the present invention is adopted in the 16QAM modulation mode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an equalization method suitable for a millimeter wave data link, including the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a channel estimation parameter hvAnd leadSetting a frequency position parameter, and setting an FFT conversion length L;
step 2: estimation of channel noise variance δ using pilot datan；
And step 3: for channel estimation parameter hvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest；
And 4, step 4: using the channel noise variance deltanAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestCalculating a frequency domain equalization factor FirH;
and 5: input data S using frequency domain equalization factor FirHinCarrying out frequency domain equalization to obtain an intermediate result St；
And 6: to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout。
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a channel estimation parameter hvAnd pilot frequency position parameters, setting FFT transform length L; as shown in fig. 2, the pilot position parameters include a preamble position index ph and a middle pilot position pmAnd a trailing position index pl。
Step 2: estimation of channel noise variance δ using pilot datan：
Step 2.1: from input data S according to the pilot location parameterinSelects pilot frequency data Sp；
Step 2.2: pilot data S to be selectedpWith the transmitted original pilot data SbCarrying out conjugate multiplication to obtain Sest(ii) a Then to SestObtaining the variance to obtain the channel noise variance deltanExpressed as:
δn＝var(Sp.*conj(Sb))
where var represents the take variance operation and conj represents the take conjugate operation.
And step 3: for channel estimation parameter hvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest：
Step 3.1: according to FFT transform length L to signalChannel estimation parameter hvZero filling is carried out, so that the channel estimation parameter h after zero fillingvThe length is L;
step 3.2: estimating parameter h for channel after zero paddingvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest。
And 4, step 4: using the channel noise variance deltanAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestCalculating a frequency domain equalization factor FirH:
Figure BDA0003692763970000051
wherein abs represents an absolute value operation.
And 5: input data S using frequency domain equalization factor FirHinFrequency domain equalization is carried out to obtain an intermediate result St：
St＝ifft(fft(Sin).*FirH)
Here, ifft indicates performing inverse fast fourier transform, and fft indicates performing fast fourier transform.
And 6: to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout: due to intermediate result StIncluding the length of the zero padding, truncation needs to be performed. Thus, according to the input data SinLength of (2) to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout。
The effect of the present invention will be further explained with the simulation experiment.
The simulation parameter settings are shown in the following table:
parameter name Data length Signal to noise ratio Leading position Middle guide position Back guide position FFT Length
Parameter setting 536 20dB 1：10 20：10：520 528：536 4096
The modulation modes of 16QAM are sampled and simulated respectively, the constellation mapping chart which is not balanced is shown in figure 3, the constellation mapping chart which is obtained by adopting the balancing method suitable for the millimeter wave data chain is shown in figure 4, and it can be obviously seen that the constellation mapping chart is obviously improved and constellation points are more concentrated after the frequency domain balancing is carried out by adopting the method. According to the parameters, the calculation amount of the frequency domain equalization method applicable to the millimeter wave data chain is approximately 14786 times of multiplication operation, if the time domain equalization method is adopted, 287296 times of multiplication operation is needed, and the calculation amount of the frequency domain equalization method is reduced by 19 times compared with the time domain equalization method.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, a computer terminal storage medium is provided storing computer terminal executable instructions for performing the equalization method adapted to a millimeter wave data chain as described in the previous embodiments. Examples of the computer storage medium include a magnetic storage medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, etc.), an optical recording medium (e.g., a CD-ROM, a DVD, etc.), or a memory such as a memory card, a ROM, a RAM, or the like. The computer storage media may also be distributed over a network-connected computer system, such as an application store.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, a computing device is presented, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the equalization method adapted for millimeter wave data chains as described in previous embodiments. Examples of computing devices include PCs, tablets, smart phones, or PDAs, among others
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method of equalization for a millimeter-wave data link, comprising the steps of:
step 1: obtaining a channel estimation parameter hvAnd pilot frequency position parameters, setting FFT transform length L;
step 2: estimation of channel noise variance δ using pilot datan；
And step 3: for channel estimation parameter hvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest；
And 4, step 4: using the channel noise variance deltanAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestCalculating a frequency domain equalization factor FirH;
and 5: input data S by frequency domain equalization factor FirHinCarrying out frequency domain equalization to obtain an intermediate result St；
Step 6: to the middleResults StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pilot location parameter in step 1 comprises a pilot location index phIntermediate pilot position pmAnd a trailing position index pl。
3. A method of equalization for a millimeter wave data link according to claim 2, wherein step 2 comprises the sub-steps of:
step 2.1: from input data S according to the pilot location parameterinSelects pilot frequency data Sp；
Step 2.2: the selected pilot frequency data SpWith the transmitted original pilot data SbCarrying out conjugate multiplication to obtain Sest(ii) a Then to SestObtaining the variance to obtain the channel noise variance deltanExpressed as:
δn＝var(Sp.*conj(Sb))
where var represents the take variance operation and conj represents the take conjugate operation.
4. A method of equalisation for use in a millimetre wave data link as claimed in claim 3 wherein step 3 includes the sub-steps of:
step 3.1: estimating a parameter h for a channel according to the FFT transform length LvZero filling is carried out, so that the channel estimation parameter h after zero fillingvThe length is L;
step 3.2: estimating parameter h for channel after zero paddingvFFT with length L is carried out to obtain frequency domain representation H of channel estimation parametersest。
5. Equalizing method for millimeter-wave data chains according to claim 4, characterized in that in step 4 the channel noise variance δ is usednAnd a frequency domain representation H of the channel estimation parametersestThe method for calculating the frequency domain equalization factor FirH comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003692763960000021
wherein abs represents an absolute value operation.
6. Equalizing method for millimeter-wave data chains according to claim 5, characterized in that in step 5 the input data S are equalized using a frequency domain equalization factor FirHinThe method for carrying out frequency domain equalization comprises the following steps:
St＝ifft(fft(Sin).*FirH)
here, ifft indicates performing inverse fast fourier transform, and fft indicates performing fast fourier transform.
7. Method of equalization for a mm-wave data link according to claim 6, characterized in that in step 6 the intermediate result S is usedtThe intercepting method comprises the following steps:
according to the input data SinLength of (2) to intermediate result StIntercepting to obtain the final balance result Sout。
8. A computer terminal storage medium storing computer terminal executable instructions for performing the equalization method for millimeter wave data chains according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A computing device, comprising:
at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of equalization for millimeter wave data chains according to any of claims 1 to 7.
CN202210665425.9A 2022-06-14 2022-06-14 Equalization method, medium and device suitable for millimeter wave data link Pending CN115277327A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101753512A (en) * 2010-01-06 2010-06-23 中国人民解放军理工大学 Shortwave high speed data transmission method based on single carrier frequency-domain equalization
CN103220242A (en) * 2013-04-22 2013-07-24 东南大学 Channel estimation method based on pilot frequency block in single carrier frequency domain equalizing system
CN110753011A (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-02-04 熊军 Single carrier equalization method for GMSK signal
CN110943946A (en) * 2019-12-04 2020-03-31 成都国卫通信技术有限公司 Channel equalization processing system and method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101753512A (en) * 2010-01-06 2010-06-23 中国人民解放军理工大学 Shortwave high speed data transmission method based on single carrier frequency-domain equalization
CN103220242A (en) * 2013-04-22 2013-07-24 东南大学 Channel estimation method based on pilot frequency block in single carrier frequency domain equalizing system
CN110753011A (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-02-04 熊军 Single carrier equalization method for GMSK signal
CN110943946A (en) * 2019-12-04 2020-03-31 成都国卫通信技术有限公司 Channel equalization processing system and method

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