CN115275255A

CN115275255A - Sealing structure, fuel cell stack and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN115275255A
Application number: CN202210853061.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃博文; 母宝生; 李洪涛
Original assignee: Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-20
Filing date: 2022-07-20
Publication date: 2022-11-01

Abstract

The application discloses a sealing structure, a fuel cell stack and a vehicle. The sealing structure provided by the application is applied between the reactor core and the collector plate of the fuel cell stack. The sealing structure comprises at least one false membrane electrode and at least one polar plate unit which are alternately stacked. The dummy membrane electrode is similar to a membrane electrode structure in a reactor core, and is different from the structure that electrochemical reaction cannot be carried out, a sealing ring is arranged on the dummy membrane electrode, and the structure of the sealing ring is the same as that of the sealing ring in the reactor core, so that the sealing ring on the end side of the reactor core and the sealing ring in the reactor core can be used commonly, the design types of the sealing rings are reduced, the cost of a mold is reduced, and the assembly process is simpler; on the other hand, because the sealing rings are the same, under the compression action of the stack fastening assembly, the deformation condition and the sealing area of each sealing ring are basically consistent, and the leakage of fluid media, particularly hydrogen, in the stack can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Description

Sealing structure, fuel cell stack and vehicle

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a sealing structure, a fuel cell stack and a vehicle.

Background

The proton exchange film fuel cell is a power generation device which takes hydrogen as fuel and directly converts chemical energy into electric energy. The fuel cell has the advantages of high energy density, high starting speed, low operation temperature, no pollution of products and the like, so that the fuel cell has potential application value in the field of new energy automobiles. The fuel cell stack is generally formed by stacking hundreds of membrane electrodes, bipolar plates and sealing elements, fastening force is applied, output energy is collected, high voltage is isolated and the like through end plates, insulating plates and current collecting plates on two sides, and the stack end plates are fastened and connected through strapping tapes, pull rods, screws and the like to form the fuel cell stack. Inside the fuel cell stack, the reactant gases (hydrogen and air) and the coolant are distributed to each single cell through the manifold ports of the bipolar plates, and therefore, the size of the manifold ports directly affects the flow resistance of the three chambers of the stack. Inside each single cell, hydrogen and air are distributed uniformly through the anode side and cathode side flow channels respectively and are transmitted to the membrane electrode. Under the action of the catalyst of the cathode and the anode at two sides of the proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode, the cathode and the anode reaction media generate electrochemical reaction to convert chemical energy into electric energy.

The design of the electric pile sealing structure has important significance on the sealing performance and the service life of the electric pile, avoids the influence of the external environment on the fuel cell pile, and plays the roles of water resistance, dust resistance and insulation. Because the existing defects of the design of the sealing material and the sealing structure of the galvanic pile lead to the fact that hydrogen leakage cannot completely exist in the galvanic pile, how to optimize the sealing design of the galvanic pile and prevent the gas leakage of the galvanic pile is of great significance to guarantee the safety of the galvanic pile.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a sealing structure, a fuel cell stack and a vehicle for solving the air tightness of the stack, ensuring the safety and reliability of the stack in the actual use process and simultaneously facilitating the process assembly of the whole stack.

The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the application is that the sealing structure is applied between a reactor core and a current collecting plate of a fuel cell stack, and comprises at least one false membrane electrode and at least one polar plate unit which are alternately stacked; the false membrane electrode is of a membrane electrode structure which is provided with a sealing ring and cannot perform electrochemical reaction, and the sealing ring is the same as the sealing ring of the reactor core in structure.

In some embodiments, the dummy membrane electrode includes a frame, a support layer, and the sealing ring, the frame is disposed on a periphery of the support layer, and the sealing ring is connected to the frame.

In some embodiments, the seal ring is integrally formed with the bezel.

In some embodiments, the middle portion of the sealing ring is provided with an outwardly protruding protrusion.

In some embodiments, the plate unit comprises two unipolar plates, and at least one of the unipolar plates is a pseudo-unipolar plate in which the fluid medium is not circulated.

In some embodiments, the number of the dummy membrane electrodes and the electrode plate units is two or more, and the electrode plate units located at the end include unipolar plates and the dummy unipolar plates.

In some embodiments, at least two fluid ports are disposed on each of the unipolar plate and the pseudo unipolar plate, and the at least two fluid ports are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the bipolar plate in the long-side direction; the unipolar plate is provided with a flow channel.

In some embodiments, six fluid ports are disposed on the pseudo-unipolar plate, the six fluid ports are centrosymmetric, and at least one of the six fluid ports is not communicated with the flow channel.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a fuel cell stack, which comprises a reactor core, wherein the reactor core comprises at least two membrane electrodes and at least two bipolar plates which are alternately stacked; at least one end of the reactor core along the stacking direction is provided with the sealing structure; one side of the sealing structure close to the current collecting plate is provided with a false membrane electrode; one side of the sealing structure, which is close to the reactor core, is provided with a polar plate unit, and the polar plate unit is contacted with a membrane electrode at the end part of the reactor core.

In some embodiments, the core is provided with the sealing structure at both ends in the stacking direction, and the sealing structure at both ends is the same.

In some embodiments, the dummy membrane electrode is the same structure as the membrane electrode when the CCM triad assembly is not provided.

In some embodiments, two tabs are provided on the bipolar plate, one on each of two opposite sides of the bipolar plate.

In some embodiments, two of the tabs are distributed in a staggered manner, or two tabs are distributed in a central symmetry manner.

In some embodiments, two of the tabs are located on each of the two short sides of the bipolar plate.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a vehicle comprising the fuel cell stack.

According to the technical scheme, the sealing structure provided by the application is applied between the core and the current collecting plate of the fuel cell stack. The sealing structure comprises at least one false membrane electrode and at least one polar plate unit which are alternately stacked. The structure of the dummy membrane electrode is similar to that of a membrane electrode in the reactor core, the difference is that electrochemical reaction cannot be carried out, a sealing ring is arranged on the dummy membrane electrode, and the structure of the sealing ring is the same as that of the sealing ring in the reactor core, so that the sealing ring on the end side of the reactor core and the sealing ring in the reactor core can be used universally, on one hand, the design types of the sealing ring are reduced, the cost of a mold is reduced, and the assembly process is simpler; on the other hand, because the sealing rings are the same, under the compression action of the stack fastening assembly, the deformation condition and the sealing area of each sealing ring are basically consistent, and the leakage of fluid media, particularly hydrogen, in the stack can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a seal structure in example 1 of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a dummy film electrode in the sealing structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a seal ring in the dummy film electrode of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of an end face of the seal ring of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a bipolar plate in the sealing structure of fig. 1.

Figure 6 is an exploded view of the bipolar plate of figure 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell stack according to embodiment 2 of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a core in the fuel cell stack of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the membrane electrode in the fuel cell stack of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to embodiment 3 of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 10-a sealing structure; 11-a pseudomembrane electrode; 12-a plate unit; 13-seal ring, 131-boss; 14-dummy bipolar plate, 141-fluid port, 142-tab; 15-false monopolar plate; 16-a frame; 17-a support layer.

100-fuel cell stack; 110-an inlet end plate; 120-core, 121-membrane electrode, 122-bipolar plate; 130-blind end plate; 140-a fastening assembly; 150-disc spring support plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.

In the related art, the stacking scheme of the electric stack is as follows: the sealing ring in the reactor core is usually integrated with the membrane electrode, so that the reactor core part of the reactor is provided with two sealing rings, the two sealing rings are different in structure, a sealing ring production die and a corresponding single-plate die (the bipolar plate in the reactor core is not provided with the sealing ring) are also different, manual stacking or manual and mechanical matched stacking is required during stacking, automatic assembly cannot be realized, in addition, in the single-plate with the sealing ring, the single-plate is a conductor and usually adopts a metal plate, and the sealing ring is made of a non-metal material, so that the sealing ring can only be bonded on the single-plate, the technical problems of sealing ring positioning deviation, sealing ring slippage and the like exist, and the performance of the whole stack is further influenced.

The embodiment of the application provides a seal structure, a fuel cell stack and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problems to a certain extent, ensure the safety and reliability of the stack in the actual use process and simultaneously facilitate the process assembly of the whole stack. The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples:

example 1:

the embodiment of the present application provides a sealing structure 10, and the sealing structure 10 is applied between a core 120 and a current collecting plate of a fuel cell stack 100, that is, used for sealing an end side of the core 120. Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the sealing structure 10 includes at least one dummy film electrode 11 and at least one plate unit 12 alternately stacked. The dummy membrane electrode 11 has a structure similar to that of the membrane electrode 121 in the reactor core 120, except that electrochemical reaction cannot be performed, the dummy membrane electrode 11 is provided with a seal ring 13, and the seal ring 13 has the same structure as that of the seal ring in the reactor core 120, so that the seal ring 13 with the end side sealed can be used commonly with the seal ring in the reactor core 120, on one hand, the design variety of the seal ring is reduced, the mold cost is reduced, and the assembly process is simpler; on the other hand, because the sealing rings are the same, under the compression action of the stack fastening assembly 140, the deformation condition and the sealing area of each sealing ring are basically consistent, and the leakage of fluid media, particularly hydrogen, in the stack can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Specifically, in the sealing structure 10, the dummy membrane electrodes 11 and the plate units 12 are parallel to each other, and in a direction perpendicular to the dummy membrane electrodes 11 and the plate units 12, that is, in a stacking direction of the electric pile, each dummy membrane electrode 11 and each plate unit 12 are alternately stacked, so that the overall structure is similar to the core 120, and the number of the dummy membrane electrodes 11 and the number of the plate units 12 are the same. For example, in some embodiments, the sealing structure 10 includes one dummy film electrode 11 and one plate unit 12; in other embodiments, the sealing structure 10 may include three dummy film electrodes 11 and three plate units 12.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the dummy membrane electrode 11 is a membrane electrode 121 structure that cannot generate electricity through electrochemical reaction, that is, the dummy membrane electrode 11 is obtained by modifying the structure of the membrane electrode 121. Specifically, in some embodiments, the membrane electrode 121 may be a five-in-one assembly, which includes a CCM three-in-one assembly and GDL gas diffusion layers (or GDLs for short) located at two sides, where the GDL gas diffusion layers are composed of a support layer 17 and a microporous layer, the support layer 17 is mainly made of porous carbon fiber paper, carbon fiber woven fabric, carbon fiber non-woven fabric and carbon black paper, and the microporous layer is usually made of conductive carbon black and a water repellent. In some embodiments, the membrane electrode 121 may be a seven-in-one assembly, which includes the above five-in-one assembly and the frame 16 located at two sides, the outer contour of the frame 16 is consistent with the outer contour of the bipolar plate, the frame 16 is made of insulating material, usually plastic, and the sealing ring 13 is usually integrally formed on the frame 16.

The CCM three-in-one assembly is a site for electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode 121, and specifically includes a proton exchange membrane and catalytic layers disposed on both sides. The dummy membrane electrode 11 is incapable of electrochemical reaction, and specifically may lack a proton exchange membrane and/or a catalytic layer, and the lack of a catalytic layer may lack a catalytic layer on a single side or lack a catalytic layer on both sides. In this embodiment, the dummy membrane electrode 11 is a membrane electrode structure formed by removing the CCM in the membrane electrode 121, that is, the dummy membrane electrode 11 includes a frame 16, a support layer 17, and a seal ring 13, and the frame 16 is disposed on the periphery of the support layer 17. In some embodiments, the dummy membrane electrode 11 includes a frame 16, a GDL, and a sealing ring 13, and a microporous layer is disposed on the support layer 17. In this embodiment, the support layer 17 is specifically made of carbon paper.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, a sealing ring 13 is disposed on the dummy membrane electrode 11, the sealing ring 13 is specifically connected to the frame 16, the shape, material, and dimensional parameters of the sealing ring 13 are the same as those of the sealing ring in the reactor core 120, and the fixing manner of the sealing ring 13 on the dummy membrane electrode 11 is also the same as that of the sealing ring 13 in the reactor core 120. In this embodiment, sealing washer 13 and frame 16 integrated into one piece, it is concrete, sealing washer 13 and frame 16 are through the integrated into one piece that moulds plastics, and sealing washer 13 adopts different materials with frame 16, through injection moulding technology integrated into one piece, can reduce process problems such as the lateral sealing washer 13 positioning deviation, slide from this, promote the convenience of whole heap assembly.

In order to improve the sealing performance and further reduce the leakage risk, please refer to fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the middle of the sealing ring 13 is provided with an outward convex portion 131, the convex portion 131 is in arc transition with the body portion, and the two edges of the body portion are also in arc transition, as shown in fig. 4. The cross-sectional shape of the gasket 13 is convex, and the convex portion 131 can generate a larger amount of deformation by the fastening force, thereby improving the sealing performance. The convex portion 131 may be provided with only one, i.e., the unimodal seal ring 13; a plurality of double-peak sealing rings 13, triple-peak sealing rings 13, etc. may be provided, but the present application is not limited thereto.

Specifically, the plate unit 12 in the sealing structure 10 may be a true bipolar plate or a false bipolar plate 14, and the false bipolar plate 14 is a plate structure that cannot allow the fluid medium to flow into the flow field. The dummy bipolar plate 14 may be a dummy bipolar plate 15 for one of the unipolar plates, or may be a dummy bipolar plate 15 for both of the unipolar plates. The polar plate unit 12 between the two dummy membrane electrodes 11 in the sealing structure 10 is a dummy bipolar plate 14, and referring to fig. 5 and 6, the middle dummy bipolar plate 14 includes two dummy unipolar plates 15, one of which is an anode plate and the other is a cathode plate. The outer plate unit 12 of the sealing structure 10 includes only one dummy unipolar plate 15, and the other one is a true unipolar plate for providing a hydrogen field or an air field.

In this embodiment, the number of the dummy film electrodes 11 and the number of the plate units 12 are two or more, and the plate unit 12 located between two adjacent dummy film electrodes 11 is a dummy bipolar plate 14, that is, the sealing structure 10 is: the pseudo-membrane electrode 11-pseudo bipolar plate 14 (pseudo unipolar plate 15-pseudo unipolar plate 15) · -pseudo-membrane electrode 11-pseudo bipolar plate 14 (pseudo unipolar plate 15-true unipolar plate). Wherein, one side of the sealing structure 10 close to the core 120 is provided with a true unipolar plate, air or hydrogen flows through the gas field side of the unipolar plate, the air or hydrogen generates electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode 121 at the end of the core 120, and the false unipolar plate 15 also plays a role of supporting the membrane electrode 121. One side of the sealing structure 10 close to the current collecting plate is provided with a dummy film electrode 11, and the dummy film electrode 11 plays a role of end side sealing.

The unipolar plate and the dummy unipolar plate 15 are both provided with at least two fluid ports 141, and the at least two fluid ports 141 are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the dummy bipolar plate 14 in the long side direction. The fluid fields of the monopolar plate and the false monopolar plate 15 respectively comprise a distribution area, an active area and a confluence area, the distribution area, the active area and the confluence area are sequentially distributed along the long side direction of the false bipolar plate 14, for a true bipolar plate, fluid media (reaction gas and coolant) flow into the bipolar plate from a fluid port 141 at one end of the bipolar plate, flow expansion distribution is carried out through the distribution area and is uniformly distributed to the active area, the distribution area of the active area is large, electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen mainly occurs in the active area, a flow channel is arranged in the active area, when the fluid media circulate in the flow channel, the fluid media are uniformly dispersed to the whole active area, the fluid is converged through the confluence area, and flows out of the bipolar plate through the fluid port 141 at the other end of the bipolar plate. With the dummy bipolar plate 14, since at least one dummy unipolar plate 15 is included, the fluid ports 141 of the dummy unipolar plate 15 are not in communication with the fluid field, and therefore the fluid medium cannot enter the fluid field.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, six fluid ports 141 are disposed on each of the unipolar plate and the dummy unipolar plate 15, respectively: an oxidant inlet, a reductant inlet, a coolant inlet, an oxidant outlet, a reductant outlet, and a coolant outlet. Specifically, the oxidant inlet, the reductant outlet, the coolant inlet, the oxidant outlet, the reductant inlet, and the coolant outlet are respectively distributed on two short sides of the dummy bipolar plate 14, and are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner, so that the area utilization rate of the polar plate is high.

In the reactor core 120, two sides of the anode plate are respectively a water field side and a hydrogen field side, so that the reducing agent inlet, the reaction gas distribution region, the reaction gas flow field active region, the reaction gas confluence region and the reducing agent outlet in the anode plate of the reactor core 120 are sequentially communicated. Since both sides of the cathode plate are a water field side and an air field side, the oxidant inlet reactant gas distribution region, the reactant gas flow field active region, the reactant gas confluence region, and the oxidant outlet in the cathode plate of the reactor core 120 are sequentially communicated. The coolant inlet, the coolant distribution region, the coolant flow field active region, the coolant confluence region and the coolant outlet in the anode plate and the cathode plate of the core 120 are sequentially communicated.

In the sealing structure 10, the dummy membrane electrode 11 does not perform an electrochemical reaction, and therefore, it is not necessary to circulate hydrogen and oxygen on the gas field side of the dummy bipolar plate 14, and since the dummy membrane electrode 11 does not perform an electrochemical reaction and does not generate heat, it is also not necessary to introduce cooling water into the dummy bipolar plate 14 for cooling. Therefore, the fluid port 141 in the seal structure 10 may not communicate with the flow passage. In this embodiment, the anode plate and the cathode plate are both provided with six fluid ports 141, the six fluid ports 141 are centrosymmetric, and at least one of the six fluid ports 141 is not communicated with the flow channel.

Specifically, the fluid ports 141 are not communicated with the flow channels, and may be formed by welding the fluid ports 141 of the dummy bipolar plate 15 and the fluid transition region together without a corresponding flow guiding structure ("layer-crossing structure" or "straight-through structure"), or by welding the dummy bipolar plate 14 together to block the flow channels. In some embodiments, the oxidant inlet, the reductant inlet, the oxidant outlet, and the reductant outlet may not be communicated with the flow channel, but the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are communicated with the flow channel, and when the fuel cell is in operation, cooling water is introduced into the sealing structure 10, so that the effects of cold starting at a low temperature, warming up, or improving the end-to-end effect of the core 120 can be achieved.

Example 2:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell stack 100, and referring to fig. 7 to 9, the fuel cell stack 100 includes a core 120, the core 120 includes at least two membrane electrodes 121 and at least two bipolar plates 122 alternately stacked; the membrane electrode 121 and the bipolar plate 122 are parallel to each other and to the end plates of the stack. A current collecting plate, an insulating plate and an end plate are sequentially arranged on both sides of the electric pile, and in some embodiments, the insulating plate and the end plate can be integrated into a whole. In the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment, the seal structure 10 according to embodiment 1 is provided at least one end of the core 120 in the stacking direction, and the pseudo-unipolar plate 15 of the seal structure 10 is in contact with the membrane electrode 121 at the end of the core 120.

In a fuel cell, the end plate near the input end of the reaction medium is defined as the inlet end, the end plate far from the input end of the reaction medium is defined as the dead end, and correspondingly, the end plate at the inlet end is defined as the inlet end plate 110, and the end plate at the dead end is defined as the dead end plate 130. Thus, the inlet end and/or the dead end of the core 120 is provided with the seal structure 10 of embodiment 1, the dummy membrane electrode 11 of the seal structure 10 is in contact with the current collecting plate, and the dummy unipolar plate 15 of the seal structure 10 is in contact with the membrane electrode 121 of the core 120.

In this embodiment, the two ends of the core 120 in the stacking direction are both provided with the sealing structures 10, and the sealing structures 10 at the two ends are the same. Referring to fig. 7, the fuel cell stack 100 includes, in order: the inlet end plate 110, the insulating plate, the collector plate, the sealing structure 10 (the false membrane electrode 11 with the sealing ring 13, the false monopolar plate 15), the reactor core 120 (the membrane electrode 121, the sealing ring 13, the bipolar plate 122, the 8230; the bipolar plate 122, the sealing ring 13, the membrane electrode 121), the sealing structure 10 (the false membrane electrode 11 with the sealing ring 13, the false monopolar plate 15), the collector plate, the insulating plate, and the blind end plate 130) are fastened through the fastening assembly 140. In some embodiments, the dead end side of the stack is also provided with a disc spring and a disc spring support plate 150.

Specifically, the structure of the dummy membrane electrode 11 in the sealing structure 10 is the same as that of the membrane electrode 121 of the core 120 when the CCM triad assembly is not provided, that is, the dummy membrane electrode 11 in the sealing structure 10 is different from the membrane electrode 121 of the core 120 only in that: the dummy membrane electrode 11 in the sealed structure 10 is not provided with the CCM three-in-one component.

Specifically, the structure of the dummy bipolar plate 14 in the seal structure 10 is similar to, at least similar in profile to, the structure of the bipolar plate 122 of the core 120. In this embodiment, the structure of the dummy bipolar plate 14 in the sealing structure 10 is identical to that of the bipolar plate 122 of the core 120, so that only one bipolar plate is needed for the entire stack, thereby reducing the number of dies. The dummy bipolar plate 14 is provided with two tabs 142, and the two tabs 142 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the dummy bipolar plate 14, and may be two long sides or two short sides.

In some embodiments, the two tabs 142 are distributed in a staggered manner, or the two tabs 142 are symmetrical to each other. Specifically, two tabs 142 are respectively located on two short sides of the bipolar plate, and the two tabs 142 are centrosymmetric, so that the tabs are located at the same position before and after the rotation of the bipolar plate by 180 degrees, thereby enabling the tabs to be arranged in a single row. It is thereby ensured that the tab 142 for the output voltage is provided on the short side, regardless of the placement of the bipolar plate. In some embodiments, the two tabs 142 are arranged in a staggered manner, i.e., the tab positions do not coincide after being rotated by 180 °, so that two rows of tabs can be formed. Different low-voltage wiring schemes can be formed by different arrangement modes of the lugs. In the formed bipolar plate, only one side of the bipolar plate needs to be connected with a low-voltage wire harness, so that the lug on the other side needs to be cut and removed.

Since the seal structure 10 of embodiment 1 is provided as the end-side seal of the core 120, the fuel cell stack 100 has the advantages of simplified structure, high integration, and capability of realizing automated assembly, and the specification of the seal ring 13 and the seal ring 13 at the middle position of the core 120 can be commonly used, thereby reducing the design variety and the cost of the mold. And the membrane electrode 121 with the sealing ring 13 is used for end side sealing, so that the technical problems of positioning deviation, slippage and the like of the end side sealing ring 13 can be reduced, the convenience of the whole stack assembly is improved, and the reliability and the strong adaptability of the fuel cell stack are ensured. Other unrecited structures of the electric pile can refer to relevant disclosures in the prior art, and are not explained herein.

Example 3:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a vehicle, as shown in fig. 10, that includes at least one fuel cell stack 100 of embodiment 2 described above. Specifically, the vehicle comprises a fuel cell power system, the fuel cell power system comprises a fuel cell system, a DC/DC converter, a driving motor, a motor controller of the driving motor and a vehicle-mounted energy storage device, the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell module and a fuel cell auxiliary system, and the fuel cell system can normally work under the condition of an external fuel supply source. The fuel cell module includes at least one fuel cell stack 100 of the above-described embodiment 2, that is, the fuel cell module may be a single stack solution or a multi-stack integrated solution.

In some embodiments, to enclose the fuel cell stack 100, the fuel cell module includes a housing having a mounting cavity, and the fuel cell stack 100 is enclosed within the mounting cavity of the housing. In some embodiments, the fuel cell module further includes a high voltage component for outputting power, a low voltage component for controlling (e.g., a voltage patrol device, etc.) to externally output a current and a patrol signal. For multi-stack integrated fuel cell modules, a manifold assembly for uniformly distributing gas to the individual stacks should also be included. In the present embodiment, the specific structure of the fuel cell module except for the fuel cell stack 100 is not improved, so that the structure of the fuel cell module in the present embodiment where the structure is not changed can refer to the prior art, and the specific content is not described herein.

The fuel cell auxiliary system of the fuel cell system comprises an air supply subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a thermal management subsystem and an automatic control system, wherein the air supply subsystem is used for supplying air to each electric pile of the fuel cell module and selectively processing the air in aspects of filtration, humidification, pressure regulation and the like; the fuel supply subsystem is used for supplying fuel to each electric pile of the fuel cell module, and selectively carrying out humidification, pressure regulation and other aspects on the fuel so as to convert the fuel into fuel gas suitable for running in the fuel cell pile, taking hydrogen as fuel for example, the fuel supply subsystem is communicated with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of each electric pile of the fuel cell module; and the heat management subsystem is communicated with each electric pile of the fuel cell module to provide cooling liquid to cool and/or heat the electric pile and recover and treat the water generated by the electric pile.

The automatic control system is electrically connected with the fuel cell module, the air supply subsystem, the fuel supply subsystem and the heat management subsystem respectively, and is an assembly comprising a sensor, an actuator, a valve, a switch and a control logic component, so that the fuel cell system can work normally without manual interference. In other embodiments, the fuel cell auxiliary system may further include a ventilation system for mechanically exhausting the gas inside the cabinet of the fuel cell system to the outside. In the present embodiment, the fuel cell auxiliary system in the fuel cell system is not modified, so that the detailed description can be referred to the related disclosure of the prior art, and will not be described herein.

In the fuel cell power system, a DC/DC converter is electrically connected with each electric pile of the fuel cell system to realize voltage conversion, and the voltage generated by each electric pile is regulated and then output to high-voltage devices such as a driving motor, a pressure loss machine of an automobile air conditioner and the like and power storage devices such as a battery and the like. The driving motor is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter and is used for providing torque required by vehicle running; the motor controller is electrically connected with the driving motor to control the starting, stopping, torque output and the like of the driving motor, is connected with the whole vehicle controller to receive driving signals sent by the whole vehicle controller, and can also be selectively electrically connected with an automatic control system of the fuel cell system. The vehicle-mounted energy storage device is used for storing electric energy to supply power to other electronic equipment in the vehicle, and is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter, for example, the vehicle-mounted energy storage device is a storage battery.

In the present embodiment, the DC/DC converter, the driving motor and its motor controller, and the vehicle-mounted energy storage device in the fuel cell power system are not modified, so that reference may be made to the related disclosure of the prior art for more details, and the description thereof is omitted here.

In addition, the vehicle needs to include a transmission system that transmits torque to drive the electric motor to rotate the drive wheels, and a fuel storage device that functions like a fuel tank in a fuel vehicle that communicates with a fuel supply subsystem of the fuel cell system via a conduit for storing fuel.

Therefore, the vehicle can be a hydrogen energy vehicle or a hydrogen energy and charging hybrid electric vehicle, and can be a family car, a passenger car, a truck and the like. Since the specific structure of the vehicle is not improved in the embodiment, the structure of the vehicle where no change is made in the embodiment can refer to the prior art, and the specific content is not described herein. Thus, the vehicle has all the features and advantages described above for the fuel cell power system, the fuel cell module, and the fuel cell stack 100, and will not be described in detail herein.

According to the above, the embodiments of the present application provide the following advantages:

(1) The sealing structure provided by the application is applied between the reactor core and the collector plate of the fuel cell stack. The sealing structure comprises at least one false membrane electrode and at least one polar plate unit which are alternately stacked. The false membrane electrode is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring has the same structure as the sealing ring in the reactor core, so that the sealing ring on the end side of the reactor core and the sealing ring in the reactor core can be used commonly, on one hand, the design types of the sealing ring are reduced, the cost of a mold is reduced, and the assembly process is simpler; on the other hand, because the sealing rings are the same, under the compression action of the stack fastening assembly, the deformation condition and the sealing area of each sealing ring are basically consistent, and the leakage of fluid media, particularly hydrogen, in the stack can be reduced to the greatest extent.

(2) The application provides a seal structure, sealing washer and false membrane electrode integrated into one piece can reduce distolateral sealing washer positioning deviation, the scheduling process problems that slide, promote the convenience of whole heap assembly.

(3) The utility model provides a fuel cell pile sets up above-mentioned seal structure at the tip of reactor core, can reduce the end side effect, avoids the monocell (membrane electrode + bipolar plate) heat dissipation of reactor core tip too fast and leads to output voltage to be low on the low side, improves each monocell output voltage's of reactor core uniformity.

(4) The application provides a fuel cell pile sets up above-mentioned seal structure at the tip of reactor core, and above-mentioned seal structure plays certain thermal insulation performance, can keep warm to the distolateral of reactor core when low temperature cold start for the reactor core reaches best operating condition as early as possible.

(5) The application provides a fuel cell pile sets up above-mentioned seal structure at the tip of reactor core, because the fastening force of reactor core is by tip to the centre and is the trend that reduces, and the fastening force that the monocell in the middle part of the reactor core bore is unanimous basically, can make seal structure bear great fastening force through setting up above-mentioned seal structure at the tip of reactor core, and seal structure forms the transition zone of fastening force, and the fastening force that each monocell of whole reactor core bore is unanimous basically.

(6) The utility model provides a fuel cell pile sets up above-mentioned seal structure at the tip of reactor core for both have false monocell between the current collector at both ends, and false monocell is located the tip of true monocell, when setting up the low pressure and patrolling and examining the connector, because the clearance of adjacent monocell is little, the monocell of tip often is difficult to the wiring, this application is through setting up seal structure, make the tip for the false monocell that does not generate electricity, thereby guarantee the equal normal wiring of monocell in the reactor core.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. A sealing structure, characterized in that: the sealing structure is applied between a reactor core and a current collecting plate of the fuel cell stack, and comprises at least one false membrane electrode and at least one polar plate unit which are alternately stacked; the false membrane electrode is of a membrane electrode structure which is provided with a sealing ring and cannot perform electrochemical reaction, and the sealing ring is the same as the sealing ring of the reactor core in structure.

2. The seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the false membrane electrode comprises a frame, a supporting layer and the sealing ring, wherein the frame is arranged on the periphery of the supporting layer, and the sealing ring is connected to the frame.

3. The seal structure of claim 2, wherein: the sealing ring and the frame are integrally formed.

4. A sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: and the middle part of the sealing ring is provided with a convex part protruding outwards.

5. The seal structure of any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the polar plate unit comprises two unipolar plates, and at least one unipolar plate is a false unipolar plate which cannot allow a fluid medium to flow.

6. The seal structure of claim 5, wherein: the number of the false membrane electrodes and the number of the pole plate units are more than two, and the pole plate units positioned at the end part comprise unipolar plates and the false unipolar plates.

7. The seal structure of claim 6, wherein: the unipolar plate and the pseudo unipolar plate are both provided with at least two fluid ports, and the at least two fluid ports are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the bipolar plate in the long edge direction; the unipolar plate is provided with a flow channel.

8. The seal structure of claim 7, wherein: six fluid ports are arranged on the pseudo-unipolar plate and are centrosymmetric, and at least one of the six fluid ports is not communicated with the flow channel.

9. A fuel cell stack comprising a core comprising at least two membrane electrodes and at least two bipolar plates arranged in an alternating stack; the method is characterized in that: at least one end of the core in the stacking direction is provided with the sealing structure of any one of claims 1 to 8; one side of the sealing structure close to the current collecting plate is provided with a false membrane electrode; one side of the sealing structure, which is close to the reactor core, is provided with a polar plate unit, and the polar plate unit is contacted with a membrane electrode at the end part of the reactor core.

10. The fuel cell stack of claim 9, wherein: the reactor core is provided with the sealing structure along the two ends of the stacking direction, and the sealing structures at the two ends are the same.

11. The fuel cell stack of claim 9, wherein: the false membrane electrode and the membrane electrode have the same structure when the CCM three-in-one component is not arranged.

12. The fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 9-11, wherein: the bipolar plate is provided with two tabs which are respectively positioned on two opposite edges of the bipolar plate.

13. The fuel cell stack of claim 12, wherein: the two lugs are distributed in a staggered mode, or the two lugs are distributed in a centrosymmetric mode.

14. The fuel cell stack of claim 12, wherein: the two tabs are respectively positioned on the two short sides of the bipolar plate.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: comprising a fuel cell stack according to any of claims 9-14.