CN115270310B - Method for determining structural reliability design index of external culvert casing of aero-engine - Google Patents

Method for determining structural reliability design index of external culvert casing of aero-engine Download PDF

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CN115270310B
CN115270310B CN202210929137.XA CN202210929137A CN115270310B CN 115270310 B CN115270310 B CN 115270310B CN 202210929137 A CN202210929137 A CN 202210929137A CN 115270310 B CN115270310 B CN 115270310B
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王艺
刘永泉
杜少辉
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AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute
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Abstract

The application provides a method for determining structural reliability design indexes of an aircraft engine culvert casing, which comprises the following steps: determining an appointed level of the failure configuration design of the culvert casing; constructing a structural reliability model of the culvert casing; establishing a failure mechanism reliability model of the culvert casing; distributing to different failure mechanisms by adopting a proportional combination method; determining the number of parts and/or assemblies and the number of failure parts according to a structural reliability model in a failure configuration by contrasting a structural design scheme of a model, and determining the structural complexity of a subsystem; correcting the load-related complexity of the part or component subsystem; on the assumption that the failure parts and the failure of parts contribute to the failure of the formed series system in the same way, distributing the reliability indexes of the components based on AGEE to obtain the reliability indexes of the components and the parts; and according to the number of the failure parts, distributing the reliability indexes corresponding to a certain type of failure parts to a single failure part by adopting an equal distribution method, thereby obtaining the reliability indexes of the failure parts.

Description

Method for determining structural reliability design index of external culvert casing of aero-engine
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of aero-engine structural design, and particularly relates to a method for determining structural reliability design indexes of an outer culvert casing of an aero-engine.
Background
Failure of an aircraft engine can have serious consequences, so the reliability design requirement of the aircraft engine is far higher than that of other types of products, and the reliability design firstly needs to obtain reasonable and designable reliability indexes as design constraints and evaluation criteria. The reliability design of the existing aircraft engine generally distributes the quantitative reliability requirement of a product to each component level system according to a certain principle in a reliability distribution mode and then distributes the reliability requirement to each component, thereby providing a basis for the structural reliability design of each level and the reliability index and conformity evaluation of outsourcing/outsourcing components.
At present, various reliability index distribution methods are developed on the background of electronic products, and the reliability index distribution is based on series and parallel system reliability models in essence, and index distribution is performed by adopting an equal distribution method, a proportional combination method, a grading distribution method, a weighting distribution method and the like. However, the number of parts of the aircraft engine is tens of thousands, and the parts are difficult to be distributed according to the reliability index distribution method of electronic products, so that a structural reliability design index determining method is not available in the field of aircraft engine design at present.
As shown in Table 1, the reliability index distribution result of an aircraft engine of a certain model adopts a proportion combination distribution scheme, and the reliability index distribution of components is carried out based on the failure proportion of the existing model components.
TABLE 1 distribution result of reliability index of aircraft engine of certain model
Figure BDA0003780890010000011
Figure BDA0003780890010000021
/>
The existing reliability design index assignment has the following disadvantages:
the method based on the proportion combination distribution is only suitable for the situation that the structures of a new system and an old system are similar and the reliability statistical data of the old system exists or the distribution is carried out on the basis of the reliability predicted data of all the existing component units, and is only suitable for similar models, is not suitable for brand-new developed models, has different models and different purposes, and has larger changes in the overall design scheme, the component structure design scheme, the selected materials, the structure type and the like, and the brand-new developed models are not suitable for use;
2) Indexes can be distributed to parts only, but the number of the parts of the engine is tens of thousands, and each part can involve a plurality of failure parts; taking a culvert casing as an example, the reliability index is 20000 hours at present, the reliability index of the culvert casing is more than sixty kinds of components and is close to 900 components, each component and part are still a system, and the adoption of any single reliability index distribution method is difficult to objectively and effectively decompose;
3) The index distribution can not reflect the main influence factors of the structural reliability index, and the risk that the index distribution result can not be designed exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for determining structural reliability design indexes of an aeroengine culvert casing, so as to solve or reduce at least one problem in the background art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a method for determining structural reliability design indexes of an aeroengine outer culvert casing comprises the following steps:
determining an appointed level of the failure configuration design of the culvert casing according to the fault mode influence and hazard analysis result of the culvert casing;
constructing a structural reliability model of the culvert casing according to the appointed level of the culvert casing failure configuration design and the structural design scheme of the culvert casing;
establishing a failure mechanism reliability model of the culvert casing by using a series model according to failure reasons and mechanisms of the fault mode influence and the hazard analysis of the culvert casing;
acquiring fault proportion data corresponding to failure mechanisms and reliability index requirements of corresponding component systems according to the outfield fault data, and distributing the fault proportion data and the reliability index requirements to different failure mechanisms by adopting a proportion combination method;
determining the number of parts and/or assemblies and the number of failure parts according to a structural reliability model in a failure configuration by contrasting a structural design scheme of the model, and accordingly determining the structural complexity of the subsystem;
correcting the load-related complexity of the part or component subsystem according to the mean and standard deviation of the stress intensity;
on the assumption that the failure parts and the failure of parts contribute to the failure of the formed series system in the same way, distributing the reliability indexes of the components based on AGEE to obtain the reliability indexes of the components and the parts;
and according to the number of the failure parts, distributing the reliability indexes corresponding to a certain type of failure parts to a single failure part by adopting an equal distribution method, thereby obtaining the reliability indexes of the failure parts.
Further, when the culvert casing is hierarchically decomposed, the hierarchy of the culvert casing includes sequential progression of components, parts and typical features and juxtaposition of the components, the parts and the typical features.
Further, the distribution method for distributing the signals to different failure mechanisms by adopting a proportion combination method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003780890010000031
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ] i * The failure rate assigned to the ith failure mode in the new model;
λ s * the failure rate index of the new type of component is obtained;
λ i failure rate of the ith failure mode of the old model;
λ s the failure rate of the corresponding part of the old model.
Further, the method for calculating the structural complexity of the subsystem comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003780890010000041
in the formula, C i For structural complexity of the subsystem, n i The number of failure positions or structures contained in the ith part and/or component, and m is the number of parts or components.
Further, the method for correcting the load-related complexity of the part or assembly subsystem comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003780890010000042
in the formula, L Ri For the i-th sub-system load roughness,
Figure BDA0003780890010000043
L Rij the load roughness of the jth part in the ith subsystem is calculated;
part load roughness
Figure BDA0003780890010000044
In the formula, σ x Is the standard deviation, σ, of the intensity distribution y Standard deviation of stress distribution;
using the coefficient of variation of stress
Figure BDA0003780890010000045
Intensity coefficient of variation->
Figure BDA0003780890010000046
The standard deviation of the stress and intensity distribution can be obtained.
Further, the reliability index calculation mode of the components and parts is as follows: lambda [ alpha ] i =C i λ S
Further, the reliability index of the failure part is as follows: lambda [ alpha ] ij =λ i /n。
The method for determining the structural reliability design index of the culvert casing provided by the application has the following advantages:
1) The consistency of structural integrity design criteria of different models is considered, failure mechanism proportions of different models are borrowed, the problem of effective utilization of fault data of similar models is solved, the effectiveness of index distribution is improved, and meanwhile, the failure mechanism serves as a first distribution level, so that the structural complexity of index redistribution can be reduced;
2) The method has the technical problems that the product functionality of an aircraft engine is not obvious, components are numerous, key assessment parts are numerous, the assignment to the lowest design unit is not easy to realize, failure configuration management mainly based on failure avoidance is adopted (the configuration does not depend on structural assembly composition relation or function transfer relation completely), the typical convention level of reliability index assignment of an external culvert casing is divided, the complexity of index assignment is greatly reduced through extraction, classification and solidification of typical components, typical parts, typical characteristic parts and typical failures, the acceptable degree of engineering is achieved on the structural quantity and workload, the key parts and failure mechanisms are subjected to weight quantitative analysis, and the method accords with the characteristics of engine development;
3) According to the solidified failure configuration design, determining the distribution flow of the structural reliability design indexes of the component, determining the distribution levels of the indexes, designing a corresponding index distribution method for each level, and ensuring that the indexes are effectively distributed to the lowest design verification unit;
4) The structural complexity is redefined according to the load roughness, the fault data information, the structural design scheme and the importance of the existing models are used for reference in index distribution, the current situation level of main design factors influencing reliability indexes is also considered, the realizability and the rationality of index distribution results are guaranteed, the index distribution based on the mean value and the standard deviation of key parameters can also preliminarily realize the design and the control of the divergence, and the structural reliability design capability is fundamentally improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood that the drawings described below are only illustrative of some embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining reliability design indexes of a culvert casing structure in the present application.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the distribution model convention levels for reliability indicators for a bypass casing in the present application.
Fig. 3 is a structural reliability model of a culvert casing in the present application.
FIG. 4 is a reliability model of the bypass case failure mechanism in the present application.
Fig. 5 is a distribution model of the reliability index of the bypass casing in the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
According to the method, the structural failure configuration-based multi-level external culvert casing structural reliability design index distribution method is invented around the high reliability design requirement and the existing reliability data basis of the aircraft engine, and the essential influence factors for determining the reliability level of the external culvert casing are deeply analyzed and determined, so that the effective decomposition of the external culvert casing reliability index to the design reliability index is realized, on one hand, a basis is provided for the reliability design of key parts and key failures of the structure, and the problem of design index loss is solved; on the other hand, effective basis is provided for reliability indexes of purchased parts and outsourced parts, a definition method of complexity is improved, divergence control of main stress and strength is achieved, and reliability design capability is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to realize that the reliability index of the culvert casing is distributed to the lowest designable unit, a method for determining the reliability design index of the culvert casing is established in the present application, and the method includes the following steps:
1. and determining the appointed level of the failure configuration design of the culvert casing according to the fault mode influence and the hazard analysis result of the culvert casing.
In order to realize the resolution of the reliability design index of the culvert casing to the lowest designable unit, the distribution of the reliability index of the culvert casing to the promissory level of modeling is regulated, components, parts and typical characteristic parts can be arranged in parallel when the hierarchical resolution of the culvert casing is carried out according to the importance and failure characteristics of different structures, and the promissory level of the reliability index distribution of the culvert casing is determined according to the principle.
As shown in the left side of fig. 2, the distribution convention level of the structural reliability indexes in the aircraft engine structure is realized by the whole machine, unit bodies/components, assemblies, parts, typical features/parts and aging mechanisms step by step, and the distribution level of the structural reliability indexes of the culvert casing of the present application is as follows: the complete machine, the culvert casing component, the shell component and the small component form a parallel component level, a typical feature/part level of the shell component, a typical feature/component level formed by the small component/component of the small component and finally a culvert casing failure mechanism model level.
2. Establishing a structural reliability model of the culvert casing;
and determining a structural reliability model of the culvert casing according to the agreed hierarchy and the structural design scheme of the culvert casing. Appropriate pruning may be performed depending on whether the structural class is self-contained or verified by reliability testing.
The reliability model of the structure of the culvert casing shown in fig. 3 comprises four component-level structure reliability models, namely a shell component, a mounting seat, a hole probing seat and a connecting piece; the shell component structure reliability model comprises a shell and a keyed self-locking thread sleeve part-level structure reliability model, and further comprises a structure reliability model of typical characteristics and/or parts of a reinforcing rib, an opening, a circumferential mounting edge and an axial mounting edge; the mounting seat structure reliability model comprises a structure reliability model of a sealing gasket, a mounting seat sleeve, a mounting seat cover plate (pressing plate) and an adapter relative to typical characteristics/parts; the hole detection head structure reliability model comprises a hole detection head part-level reliability model, further comprises a typical characteristic/position reliability model of a rolling bearing, a compression spring and a head cover, and further comprises a head seat structure reliability model; for the connector structural reliability model, it includes a structural reliability model of the bolt and nut and the screw relative to typical features/locations.
3. Establishing a failure mechanism reliability model of the culvert casing;
according to failure reasons and mechanisms of fault mode influence and hazard analysis, a series model is used for establishing a failure mechanism reliability model of the culvert casing, and the failure mechanism can be properly deleted according to a design material selection scheme and a load environment in the development of a new model.
As shown in fig. 4, as a result of the reliability modeling of the failure mechanism of the culvert casing built by the series model, failure portions caused by external causes and unknown factors need to be continuously decomposed downwards, the failure mechanism decomposition results related to the structural integrity are used as input and continuously decomposed downwards to a specific structural design unit, according to model development experience, the failure mechanism with extremely low occurrence probability of the component can be temporarily not decomposed downwards, according to the model development experience at the present stage, it is determined that the reliability indexes related to the structural integrity of the culvert casing have insufficient static strength and low-cycle fatigue failure and are continuously decomposed downwards, the reliability indexes corresponding to buckling failure directly correspond to the reliability indexes of the casing, further decomposition is not needed, and the high-cycle fatigue failure and creep fatigue failure have extremely low occurrence probability on the culvert casing and can be temporarily not decomposed downwards.
4. Acquiring fault proportion data corresponding to failure mechanisms and reliability index requirements of corresponding component systems according to the outfield fault data, and distributing the fault proportion data and the reliability index requirements to different failure mechanisms by adopting a proportion combination method;
the reliability index distribution model of the culvert casing is established by sequentially selecting a failure mechanism, a structural composition model corresponding to the failure mechanism and the like according to a designed reliability index distribution flow, as shown in fig. 5, wherein N11, N12, N13, N21, N31, N32 and the like are the number of corresponding components, parts or failure parts.
In any type, the same design criteria are adopted, the external environment types are consistent, the failure rate proportion is consistent, therefore, based on the failure rate of the failure mode, the proportion combination distribution method is adopted for distribution, and the specific distribution method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003780890010000081
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ] i * The failure rate assigned to the ith failure mode in the new model;
λ s * the failure rate index of the new type of component is obtained;
λ i failure rate of the ith failure mode of the old model;
λ s the failure rate of the corresponding part of the old model.
Determining failure rates of all types of failure modes, determining the failure rate of a new model as shown in a table 3 according to the failure rates of different types of failure modes and the total reliability index of the novel-model culvert casing on the basis, and determining the failure rate index of the new model by using a formula 1 as shown in a table 2:
TABLE 2 failure mode failure rate calculation method for new model
Figure BDA0003780890010000091
5. According to a structural reliability model in a failure configuration, determining the number of specific components and the number of failure parts by contrasting a structural design scheme of a model, and accordingly determining the structural complexity;
duplication of large parts/assembliesDefinition of degree of impurity: subsystem complexity C determined by the number of failure structures/sites of failure mode i The proportion of the number of the components contained in the system to the total number of the components of the system is defined as follows:
Figure BDA0003780890010000092
for larger parts such as housings, where there are more failure sites, the parts themselves are also a complex system, and thus n in the formula i M is the number of large parts/components, and m is the number of failed parts/structures contained in the ith large part/component.
The basic quantity information is obtained at the beginning of the distribution according to the design scheme, see table 2, and the detailed quantity information for complexity calculation is determined as follows:
the information on the number of structures and failure sites obtained according to the reliability index assignment model is shown in table 3. And calculating the structural complexity of the system level, the subsystem 1 level and the subsystem 2 level according to the quantity. The load complexity for low cycle fatigue is similar and is not listed here.
TABLE 3 acquisition of failure mode reliability index distribution information for failure sites of culvert casings
Figure BDA0003780890010000101
6. Correcting the structural complexity according to the mean value and the standard deviation of the stress intensity;
in the sense of reliability distribution, the complexity of a subsystem is not only dependent on the number of components it contains, but also strongly related to the degree of uncertainty of the load. Therefore, the calculation method of the load-related complexity of the subsystem in the application is as follows:
Figure BDA0003780890010000102
in the formula, L Ri Is the i-th subsystem load roughness, L Ri Is defined as:
Figure BDA0003780890010000103
in the formula, L Rij The load roughness of the jth part in the ith subsystem.
Part load roughness L R The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003780890010000104
in the formula, σ x Is the standard deviation of the intensity distribution, σ y Standard deviation of stress distribution.
Using the coefficient of variation of stress
Figure BDA0003780890010000105
Intensity coefficient of variation->
Figure BDA0003780890010000106
The standard deviation of the stress and intensity distribution can be obtained.
When the indexes of the 2-level subsystem are distributed, the mean value and the standard deviation of corresponding stress can be directly obtained, normalization processing is carried out, and the standard deviation is changed into standard normal distribution, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
let the stress distribution borne by the ith part (failure site) be δ i ~N(μ ii ) Then it is easy to find its distribution delta from the standard normal 0 Relation of-N (0, 1): delta 0 =(δ ii )/σ i Or delta i =σ i δ 0i
Design information required for structure complexity correction based on load roughness is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3. Requirement for distribution of main stress mean and divergence coefficient for reliability index of culvert casing
Figure BDA0003780890010000111
7. Distributing the component reliability index based on AGERE;
assuming that the above-mentioned failure sites and component failures contribute equally to the failure of the resulting series system, the reliability criteria for the assembly and the main components are: lambda i =C i λ S 。(6)
8. And according to the number of the failure parts, performing index distribution on the failure parts by adopting an equal distribution method to obtain a designable reliability index.
Distributing the reliability indexes corresponding to a certain type of failure parts to a single failure part by adopting an equal distribution method, and calculating the formula of lambda ij =λ i I.e., the index divided by the number of such sites.
The method for determining the structural reliability design index of the culvert casing has the following advantages:
1) The consistency of structural integrity design criteria of different models is considered, failure mechanism proportions of different models are borrowed, the problem of effective utilization of fault data of similar models is solved, the effectiveness of index distribution is improved, and meanwhile, the failure mechanism serves as a first distribution level, so that the structural complexity of index redistribution can be reduced;
2) The method has the technical problems that the product functionality of an aircraft engine is not obvious, components are numerous, key assessment parts are numerous, the assignment to the lowest design unit is not easy to realize, failure configuration management mainly based on failure avoidance is adopted (the configuration does not depend on structural assembly composition relation or function transfer relation completely), the typical convention level of reliability index assignment of an external culvert casing is divided, the complexity of index assignment is greatly reduced through extraction, classification and solidification of typical components, typical parts, typical characteristic parts and typical failures, the acceptable degree of engineering is achieved on the structural quantity and workload, the key parts and failure mechanisms are subjected to weight quantitative analysis, and the method accords with the characteristics of engine development;
3) According to the solidified failure configuration design, determining the distribution flow of the structural reliability design indexes of the component, determining the distribution levels of the indexes, designing a corresponding index distribution method for each level, and ensuring that the indexes are effectively distributed to the lowest design verification unit;
4) The structural complexity is redefined according to the load roughness, the current situation level of main design factors influencing reliability indexes is considered by using fault data information, structural design schemes and importance of existing models in index distribution, the realizability and the rationality of index distribution results are guaranteed, the design and the control of divergence can be preliminarily realized on the basis of the index distribution of mean values and standard deviations of key parameters, and the structural reliability design capability is fundamentally improved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for determining structural reliability design indexes of an aircraft engine outer culvert casing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining an appointed level of the failure configuration design of the culvert casing according to the fault mode influence and hazard analysis result of the culvert casing;
constructing a structural reliability model of the culvert casing according to the appointed level of the culvert casing failure configuration design and the structural design scheme of the culvert casing;
establishing a failure mechanism reliability model of the culvert casing by using a series model according to failure reasons and mechanisms of the fault mode influence and the hazard analysis of the culvert casing;
acquiring fault proportion data corresponding to failure mechanisms and reliability index requirements of corresponding component systems according to the outfield fault data, and distributing the fault proportion data and the reliability index requirements to different failure mechanisms by adopting a proportion combination method;
according to a structural reliability model in a failure configuration, determining the number of parts and/or assemblies and the number of failure parts by contrasting a structural design scheme of a model, and accordingly determining the structural complexity of a subsystem, wherein the reliability indexes of the assemblies and the parts are calculated in a mode that: lambda [ alpha ] i =C i λ S
The reliability indexes of the failure part are as follows: lambda [ alpha ] ij =λ i /n;
The method for calculating the structural complexity of the subsystem comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0004112982420000011
of the above formula, λ i Failure rate, λ, for the ith failure mode of the old model s Failure rate of corresponding parts for old model, C i For structural complexity of the subsystem, n i The number of failure parts or structures contained in the ith part and/or component is m, and the number of the parts or components is m; correcting the load-related complexity of the part or component subsystem according to the mean and standard deviation of the stress intensity;
on the assumption that the failure parts and the failure of parts contribute to the failure of the formed series system in the same way, distributing the reliability indexes of the components based on AGEE to obtain the reliability indexes of the components and the parts;
and according to the number of the failure parts, distributing the reliability indexes corresponding to a certain type of failure parts to a single failure part by adopting an equal distribution method, thereby obtaining the reliability indexes of the failure parts.
2. The method of determining structural reliability design indicators of an aircraft engine culvert casing of claim 1 wherein, when the culvert casing is hierarchically decomposed, the hierarchy of the culvert casing includes sequential progression of components, parts, and typical features and juxtaposition of components, parts, and typical features.
3. The method for determining the structural reliability design index of the aircraft engine culvert casing according to claim 2, wherein the distribution method for distributing the structural reliability design index to different failure mechanisms by adopting a proportional combination method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0004112982420000021
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ] i * To be distributedGiving the failure rate of the ith failure mode in the new model;
λ s * the failure rate index of the new type of component is obtained;
λ i failure rate of the ith failure mode of the old model;
λ s the failure rate of the corresponding part of the old model.
4. The method of determining structural reliability design indicators for an aircraft engine culvert casing of claim 3 wherein the method of modifying the load dependent complexity of the part or component subsystem is:
Figure FDA0004112982420000022
/>
in the formula, L Ri For the i-th sub-system load roughness,
Figure FDA0004112982420000023
L Rij the load roughness of the jth part in the ith subsystem;
part load roughness
Figure FDA0004112982420000024
In the formula, σ x Is the standard deviation of the intensity distribution, σ y Standard deviation of stress distribution;
using the coefficient of variation of stress
Figure FDA0004112982420000025
Intensity coefficient of variation->
Figure FDA0004112982420000026
The standard deviation of the stress and intensity distribution can be obtained. />
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