CN115268159A - Electrochromic regulation and control grating and display panel - Google Patents
Electrochromic regulation and control grating and display panel Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an electrochromic regulation grating and a display panel. The electrochromic regulation and control grating comprises a first conductive substrate, a structural color function layer, an electrochromic layer and a second conductive substrate; the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, facing the second conductive substrate, of the first conductive substrate, and the electrochromic layer is filled between the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate; the structural color functional layer and the light wave function to generate structural color, and the electrochromic layer is opaque in an electric field and transparent in a non-electric field. The structural color functional layer can enable light waves incident to the structural color functional layer to be refracted, diffused, diffracted or interfered, and accordingly structural colors are generated. By controlling the energization states of the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate, the electrochromic layer can achieve dynamic regulation of display and closing of structural colors.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of display panels, in particular to an electrochromic regulation grating and a display panel.
Background
Reflective displays provide wider viewing angles and are more comfortable to read in ambient light than active light display technologies, and thus reflective display technologies are becoming a focus of research for those skilled in the art. However, although black and white reflective display technology is well established, the methods of color reflective display are still limited.
In continuous exploration, people find that structural color is a main color generation mode in nature, and the structural color can generate different color development characteristics only by depending on a surface structure, so that the structural color has important research value and application prospect. The artificially designed structural color has rich colors, so the method has a development prospect in the application of color type reflective display, but the dynamic regulation and control of the structural color are still difficult to realize in the application of the color type reflective display at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an electrochromic regulation grating and a display panel, which are used for realizing dynamic regulation and control of structural color in reflective display application.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrochromic modulation grating, which includes a first conductive substrate, a structural color functional layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second conductive substrate;
the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, facing the second conductive substrate, of the first conductive substrate, and the electrochromic layer is filled between the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate;
the structural color functional layer and the light wave function to generate structural color, and the electrochromic layer is opaque in an electric field and transparent in a non-electric field.
Optionally, the structural color functional layer comprises metal gratings arranged in an array;
the material of the metal grating comprises gold, silver or aluminum.
Optionally, pitches between adjacent metal gratings are different, and colors of the structural colors generated by the metal gratings and the light wave action are different.
Alternatively, the electrochromic layer includes an integral electrochromic solution, electrochromic gel, or curable electrochromic material.
Optionally, the first conductive substrate comprises a first substrate and a first transparent conductive layer;
the first transparent conducting layer covers one side, facing the second conducting base, of the whole first substrate, and the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, departing from the first substrate, of the first transparent conducting layer.
Optionally, the first conductive base includes a first substrate and a plurality of first transparent conductive layers;
the first transparent conducting layer array is arranged on one side, facing the second conducting base, of the first substrate, and the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, facing away from the first substrate, of the first transparent conducting layer.
Optionally, the second conductive base comprises a second substrate and a second transparent conductive layer;
the second transparent conducting layer covers one side of the whole second substrate, which faces the first conducting base.
Optionally, the first conductive substrate further comprises a buffer layer;
the buffer layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first transparent conductive layer.
Optionally, the material of the buffer layer comprises Si 3 N 4 。
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reflective display panel, which includes at least one electrochromic control grating provided in any of the embodiments of the present invention.
The electrochromic regulation and control grating disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can realize dynamic regulation and control of structural color and can be applied to a reflective display panel. Specifically, the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate are controlled not to be electrified, and the electrochromic layer is in a transparent state in a non-electric field environment. The light waves transmitted through the second conductive base layer and the electrochromic layer can be transmitted into the structural color functional layer, and the structural color functional layer can refract, diffuse reflect, diffract or interfere the light waves transmitted into the structural color functional layer, so that structural color is generated. The first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate are controlled to be electrified, the electrochromic layer is in an opaque state in an electric field generated by the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate, and at the moment, the electrochromic layer can absorb light waves penetrating through the second conductive substrate, so that the structural color functional layer and the light waves cannot act to generate structural color. Therefore, by controlling the power-on states of the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate, the electrochromic layer can realize dynamic regulation and control of display and closing of structural colors.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic tunable grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic regulated grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic tunable grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic regulated grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic tunable grating provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic regulated grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic tunable grating provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic tunable grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic tunable grating provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another reflective display panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Structured color refers to an interaction that results from the microstructure and light that refracts, diffusely reflects, diffracts, or interferes light waves to produce various colors. The application of structural colors in nature includes wings of butterflies, feathers of peacocks, skin of chameleons and the like, and when observing objects with bright colors from a microscopic level, we can find that the colors of the objects originate from a nano-scale microstructure, and once the microstructure in the objects changes, the colors reflected by the macro-scale microstructure also change correspondingly.
According to the generation principle of the structural color, the artificially designed structure generates the structural color, and certain results are obtained, such as nano structures of plasma, dielectric optical resonators or gratings. The structure color generated by the artificially designed structure is rich in color, so that the structure has certain potential in the application of the reflective display panel. If the dynamic regulation and control of the structural color are realized in the application of the reflective display panel, a color device constructed by the dynamic regulation and control of the structural color is expected to meet the display requirement of an ideal reflective display panel.
In view of the above problem, fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic modulation grating according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the electrochromic modulation grating includes a first conductive substrate 110, a structural color functional layer 120, an electrochromic layer 130, and a second conductive substrate 140; the structural color functional layer 120 is disposed on a side of the first conductive substrate 110 facing the second conductive substrate 140, and the electrochromic layer 130 is filled between the first conductive substrate 110 and the second conductive substrate 140; the structural color functional layer 120 reacts with light waves to generate structural colors, and the electrochromic layer 130 is opaque in an electric field and transparent in a non-electric field.
The electrochromic regulation grating can realize dynamic regulation of structural color and can be applied to a reflective display panel. The first conductive substrate 110 is a supporting substrate of the electrochromic modulation grating, the second conductive substrate 140 is a packaging substrate of the electrochromic modulation grating, and it should be noted that the first conductive substrate 110 and the second conductive substrate 140 are both transparent and translucent substrates. The structural color functional layer 120 may refract, diffuse, diffract, or interfere the light wave incident to the structural color functional layer 120, so as to generate a structural color by displaying the color of the light wave. The electrochromic layer 130 may undergo a stable and reversible color change under the action of an applied electric field, and may exhibit a reversible change in color and transparency in appearance. The first conductive substrate 110 and the second conductive substrate 140 are conductive, and when they are energized, an electric field is generated in the corresponding interval.
Specifically, the working process of the electrochromic regulation grating is specifically described according to the position relationship and the functional action among all parts forming the electrochromic regulation grating: when the first conductive substrate 110 and the second conductive substrate 140 are not powered on, the electrochromic layer 130 is in a transparent state under a non-electric field environment. The light waves transmitted through the second conductive base layer and the electrochromic layer 130 are incident into the structural color functional layer 120, and at this time, the structural color functional layer 120 refracts, diffusely reflects, diffracts or interferes the light waves incident into the structural color functional layer 120, so that a structural color with a certain frequency is generated, and the structural color with a certain frequency is transmitted through the second conductive substrate 140. Wherein the frequency of the structural color determines the color that the structural color appears. When the first conductive substrate 110 and the second conductive substrate 140 are controlled to be powered on, an electric field is generated in the corresponding space between the first conductive base layer and the second conductive base layer, so that the electrochromic layer 130 arranged between the first conductive base layer and the second conductive base layer is changed from transparent to opaque, and at this time, the electrochromic layer 130 can absorb the light wave transmitted through the second conductive substrate 140, so that the structural color functional layer 120 and the light wave cannot act to generate the structural color. Accordingly, by controlling the power-on states of the first conductive substrate 110 and the second conductive substrate 140, the electrochromic layer 130 can dynamically control the display and the turn-off of the structural color.
Exemplarily, on the basis of the above embodiment, fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the structural color functional layer 120 includes metal gratings 121 arranged in an array; the material of the metal grating 121 includes gold, silver, or aluminum.
The metal grating 121 refers to an optical device formed by processing metal to form a large number of parallel slits with equal width and equal spacing, that is, the metal grating 121 is formed by a series of periodic metal strips. Illustratively, the metal grating 121 with different slit array periods can be prepared by depositing a 250nm metal Al film through magnetron sputtering and etching by using focused ion beams. Specifically, the metal grating 121 included in the light wave incident structural color functional layer 120, and the microscopic structure of the nano-slits of the arrayed metal grating 121 and the interaction of the light wave may generate a structural color, that is, the light wave propagating to the nano-slits of the metal grating 121 may be refracted, diffusely reflected, diffracted, or interfered, thereby generating a structural color with a certain frequency.
In addition, the material of the metal grating 121 may be gold, silver, or aluminum, so that the material of the metal grating 121 and the size of the nano-scale slit of the metal grating 121 may be specifically selected according to the color requirement of the required structural color. For example, when the material of the metal grating 121 is aluminum, the pitch of the nano-slits of the metal grating 121 may be designed to be 70nm.
On the basis of the above embodiment, optionally, the pitches between adjacent metal gratings are different, and the colors of the structural colors generated by the metal gratings and the light wave action are different.
Specifically, the pitch between adjacent metal gratings refers to the center-to-center distance between adjacent metal gratings. Wherein, the pitches between adjacent metal gratings are different, and the color of the structural color generated by the interaction between the metal grating 121 and the light wave will change.
For example, when the material of the metal grating is aluminum, the pitch of the nano-slits of the metal grating may be designed to be 70nm. When the pitch between adjacent metal gratings is 390nm, the color of the structural color generated by the interaction between the metal grating 121 and light waves is red; when the pitch between the adjacent metal gratings is 360nm, the color of the structural color generated by the interaction between the metal grating 121 and the light wave is orange; when the pitch between the adjacent metal gratings is 330nm, the color of the structural color generated by the interaction between the metal grating 121 and the light wave is yellow; when the pitch between adjacent metal gratings is 270nm, the color of the structural color generated by the interaction between the metal grating 121 and light waves is green; when the pitch between adjacent metal gratings is 240nm, the color at which the metal grating 121 and the light wave interact to generate a structural color is blue.
In addition, the structural color functional layer 120 is formed by adjacent metal gratings with different pitches, such as red, green and blue, which are expressed by the structural color, so that the structural color functional layer and the light wave interact to generate a structural color with a color of color.
Optionally, the electrochromic layer comprises an integral electrochromic solution, electrochromic gel or curable electrochromic material.
Specifically, the integrated electrochromic solution is formed by mixing an electrochromic material and an electrolyte solution according to a certain proportion, and the electrochromic gel is formed by mixing the electrochromic material and the electrolyte gel according to a certain proportion. Therefore, the integrated electrochromic solution and electrochromic gel have conductivity, and can generate a stable and reversible color change phenomenon under the action of an external electric field. In addition, the curable electrochromic material may be formed by adding a curing agent (e.g., a photo-curing agent or a thermal-curing agent) to the integrated electrochromic solution, and thus the curable electrochromic material may be cured under certain conditions (light or heat) compared to the integrated electrochromic solution. Illustratively, the electrochromic material includes methyl viologen, the electrolyte gel includes lithium hexafluorophosphate gel, and the curing agent includes a photocurable polyester acrylic resin.
Exemplarily, on the basis of the above embodiments, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a first conductive substrate 110 includes a first substrate 111 and a first transparent conductive layer 112; the first transparent conductive layer 112 covers the entire first substrate 111 on the side facing the second conductive substrate 140, and the structural color functional layer 120 is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer 112 on the side facing away from the first substrate 111.
Specifically, the first transparent conductive layer 112 covers the entire first substrate 111 on the side facing the second conductive substrate 140, and when the first transparent conductive layer 112 and the second conductive substrate 140 are powered on, the electrochromic layer 130 filled between the first transparent conductive layer 112 and the second conductive substrate 140 is in an opaque state, and at this time, the electrochromic layer 130 can absorb the light waves transmitted through the second conductive substrate 140, so that the structural color functional layer 120 and the light waves cannot act to generate structural colors. Therefore, by controlling the power-on states of the first transparent conductive layer 112 and the second conductive substrate 140, the electrochromic layer 130 can dynamically control the display and the turn-off of the structural color.
Exemplarily, on the basis of the above embodiments, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating provided in the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a first conductive base 110 includes a first substrate 111 and a plurality of first transparent conductive layers 112; the first transparent conductive layer 112 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 111 facing the second conductive substrate 140, and the structural color functional layer 120 is disposed on a side of the first transparent conductive layer 112 away from the first substrate 111.
For example, fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the first transparent conductive layer 112 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 111 facing the second conductive substrate 140, when the second conductive substrate 140 and a portion of the first transparent conductive layer 112 are energized, the electrochromic layer 130 between the energized first transparent conductive layer 112 and the second conductive substrate 140 is changed into an opaque state, and the electrochromic layer 130 between the rest of the first transparent layer that is not energized and the second conductive substrate 140 is still in a transparent state. At this time, the energized region of the first transparent conductive layer 112 of the electrochromic modulation grating cannot generate a structural color, and the non-energized region of the first transparent conductive layer 112 of the electrochromic modulation grating may generate a structural color. Thus, by selectively controlling the power-on states of a portion of the first transparent conductive layer 112 and the second conductive substrate 140, the electrochromic layer 130 can dynamically control the display area and the off area of the structural color.
It should be noted that the type of the first substrate 111 includes a flexible substrate and a non-flexible substrate, and may be selected according to a specific application scenario. The flexible substrate comprises a polyimide film (polyimide film) or a PET film; the non-flexible substrate includes a glass substrate. In addition, the material of the first transparent conductive layer 112 described in the above embodiments includes conductive materials such as indium tin oxide, graphene, and the like.
Exemplarily, on the basis of the above embodiments, fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to fig. 7, a second conductive substrate 140 includes a second substrate 141 and a second transparent conductive layer 142; the second transparent conductive layer 142 covers the entire second substrate 141 at a side facing the first conductive base 110.
The type of the second substrate 141 includes a flexible substrate and a non-flexible substrate, which can be selected according to a specific application scenario. The flexible substrate comprises a polyimide film (polyimide film) or a PET film; the non-flexible substrate includes a glass substrate. In addition, the material of the second transparent conductive layer 142 includes conductive materials such as indium tin oxide and graphene.
Exemplarily, on the basis of the above embodiments, fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another electrochromic modulation grating provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8 to fig. 9, the first conductive substrate 110 further includes a buffer layer 113; the buffer layer 113 is disposed between the first substrate 111 and the first transparent conductive layer 112.
Specifically, the buffer layer 113 can filter the structural color generated by the structural color functional layer 120, so as to further reduce the spectral line width of the structural color, thereby enhancing the spectral purity of the light wave emitted by the structural color functional layer 120.
Optionally, the material of the buffer layer comprises silicon nitride.
Specifically, the refractive index of the silicon nitride is high, so that the metal grating can be prevented from generating light waves in different resonance modes, the structural color generated by the structural color functional layer can be filtered, the spectral line width of the structural color is further reduced, and the spectral purity of the light waves emitted by the metal grating is increased.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another reflective display panel 01 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10 to fig. 11, the reflective display panel 01 includes at least one electrochromic modulation grating 02 according to any embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 10, a reflective display panel 01 includes an electrochromic regulating grating 02 according to any of the embodiments of the present invention. In fig. 11, a reflective display panel 01 includes four electrochromic modulation gratings 02 according to any embodiment of the present invention.
The reflective display panel 01 includes the electrochromic control grating 02 provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and therefore has the beneficial effects of the electrochromic control grating 02 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and details are not repeated here.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above, reordering, adding or deleting steps, may be used. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired result of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrochromic regulation and control grating is characterized by comprising a first conductive substrate, a structural color functional layer, an electrochromic layer and a second conductive substrate;
the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, facing the second conductive substrate, of the first conductive substrate, and the electrochromic layer is filled between the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate;
the structural color functional layer and the light wave function to generate structural color, and the electrochromic layer is opaque in an electric field and transparent in a non-electric field.
2. The electrochromic modulation grating of claim 1, wherein the structural color functional layer comprises metal gratings arranged in an array;
the material of the metal grating comprises gold, silver or aluminum.
3. The electrochromic tunable grating of claim 2, wherein the pitches between adjacent metal gratings are different, and the colors of the structural colors generated by the metal gratings and the light wave effect are different.
4. The electrochromic regulatory grating of claim 1, wherein the electrochromic layer comprises an integrated electrochromic solution, an electrochromic gel, or a curable electrochromic material.
5. The electrochromic tuned grating of claim 1, wherein said first electrically conductive substrate comprises a first substrate and a first transparent conductive layer;
the first transparent conducting layer covers one side, facing the second conducting base, of the whole first substrate, and the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, facing away from the first substrate, of the first transparent conducting layer.
6. The electrochromic tunable grating of claim 1, wherein the first conductive substrate comprises a first substrate and a plurality of first transparent conductive layers;
the first transparent conducting layer array is arranged on one side, facing the second conducting base, of the first substrate, and the structural color functional layer is arranged on one side, facing away from the first substrate, of the first transparent conducting layer.
7. The electrochromic tunable grating of claim 1, wherein the second conductive substrate comprises a second substrate and a second transparent conductive layer;
the second transparent conducting layer covers one side of the whole second substrate, which faces the first conducting base.
8. The electrochromic tuned grating of claim 5 or 6, wherein the first conductive substrate further comprises a buffer layer;
the buffer layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first transparent conductive layer.
9. The electrochromic tunable grating of claim 8, wherein the material of the buffer layer comprises Si 3 N 4 。
10. A reflective display panel comprising at least one electrochromic switchable grating according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211109411.5A CN115268159A (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Electrochromic regulation and control grating and display panel |
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