CN115267308A - Direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance testing device and method - Google Patents
Direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance test device and a method relate to the technical field of overvoltage measurement and solve the problems that in the process of generating induced overvoltage by the existing direct lightning, a proper measurement device cannot be adopted for testing and evaluating, and the tolerance test of key electronic equipment in lightning current induced overvoltage test equipment cannot be realized; the lightning current can be quantitatively measured by using the Pearson coils with different gains, the magnitude of induced overvoltage generated by lightning is measured by using the induced overvoltage, technical support is provided for scientific lightning protection and design of professional lightning protection equipment, and the lightning induced overvoltage is qualitatively tested by using a test scheme at a certain distance, so that direct damage of the lightning induced overvoltage is intuitively sensed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage measurement, in particular to a direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance test device and method in the field of meteorological disasters.
Background
The term overvoltage generally refers to a high voltage exceeding the rated voltage of the consumer. The destructiveness of the device is mainly embodied in that the device damages electric equipment, burns out line equipment, indirectly causes life and property loss of people and the like. Therefore, the more important electric devices are equipped with overvoltage protectors to prevent overvoltage. For example, once an overvoltage occurs, the protection acts immediately, shutting down the device or preventing the overvoltage from continuing to rise. The types of the overvoltage are various, and the overvoltage generated in the lightning discharge process is mainly related to meteorological disasters, and the overvoltage is mainly induced by lightning exceeding the rated voltage due to the fact that thunderstorm cloud directly discharges to high buildings, tips and electrical equipment on the ground.
The overvoltage caused by lightning discharge can also be subdivided into direct lightning overvoltage, inductive lightning overvoltage and intrusion wave overvoltage. These three different lightning induced overvoltages have different characteristics: firstly, direct lightning overvoltage is overvoltage generated by direct discharge of thundercloud to buildings or electrical equipment, direct lightning current passes through in a pulse mode in a short time, and the peak value of the direct lightning current can reach dozens of kiloamperes to hundreds of kiloamperes; secondly, the induced lightning voltage means that the lightning does not directly hit a target object, but when the lightning hits other target objects, the induced lightning voltage is generated to other surrounding adjacent objects due to the indirect effect of large current generated by self-discharge. The induced lightning overvoltage can be subdivided into electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction according to the generation mode. The electrostatic induction is that when the thunderstorm cloud discharges near a power supply line or electrical equipment, although the thunderstorm does not directly hit the line and the equipment, under the action of a strong electric field, induced charges on the conducting wire lose the constraint of the thunderstorm cloud charges to form free charges, and the charges rapidly rush to the two ends of the conducting wire to generate overvoltage; the electromagnetic induction is that lightning current has extremely large peak value and steepness, strong alternating electromagnetic field is arranged around the lightning current, and conductors in the secondary electromagnetic field can induce extremely high electromotive force to enable the conductors to generate discharge between air gaps; finally, the lightning-induced overvoltage is an overvoltage generated when lightning waves generated by direct lightning or induced lightning are applied to a power supply line, a metal pipeline and the like, and the lightning-induced overvoltage is generated when the lightning waves are immersed into a building or electrical equipment along the line, the metal pipeline and the like.
The object of the invention is mainly to measure and test the induced overvoltage generated by the lightning of the second type mentioned above. Firstly, designing a targeted experimental scheme by utilizing an artificial lightning triggering technology and a platform; then, the relevant characteristic parameters of the lightning current and the induced overvoltage thereof are qualitatively tested and quantitatively measured.
As is well known, conventional voltage measurement methods are generally classified into direct measurement methods and indirect measurement methods: the direct measurement method is that the waveform or the numerical value of the measured parameter can be directly read from an instrument or a meter in the measurement process; the indirect measurement is to directly measure each indirect parameter through an intermediate variable, substitute the measured value into a formula, and obtain the parameter to be measured through calculation. The measurement of the lightning induced overvoltage can also refer to the measurement method of the conventional voltage, but the occurrence probability of the lightning induced overvoltage is uncontrollable and the magnitude of the lightning induced overvoltage is unpredictable. Therefore, it is difficult to perform the measurement specifically, especially, the range is difficult to define, and there is no good measurement method at present. In addition, lightning is a large-current, transient, random and dangerous atmospheric long-gap discharge phenomenon, and it faces many difficulties to measure the induced overvoltage generated by lightning: for example, firstly, how to set the range of the measuring equipment is the problem, the induced overvoltage generated by the lightning when the range is too small is easy to saturate, an accurate measuring value cannot be obtained, and the lightning induced overvoltage cannot be measured when the range is too large; secondly, lightning has randomness, and tracking and measuring a random lightning discharge event are difficult to realize theoretically; then, the lightning transient is usually calculated in submicroseconds, the duration of a complete lightning discharge process is about one second, and how to complete the measurement of the lightning induced overvoltage in such a short time has extremely high requirements on measurement equipment and technology. Therefore, there is no good solution to the measurement of lightning induced overvoltage.
Aiming at different discharge characteristics of thunder and lightning, the invention designs a special test scheme and a special test device: firstly, relying on a mature artificial lightning triggering experiment platform, in the period of passing a thunderstorm and under the condition that the electric field environment meets the launching condition, directly triggering thunder to a specific target object purposefully by launching a lightning triggering bomb to a thunderstorm cloud, so that the thunder is changed from random to controllable; secondly, a large amount of statistical analysis is carried out on the lightning current waveform sample, the maximum range and the minimum range of lightning current induced overvoltage are evaluated, and special lightning induced overvoltage measuring equipment is designed to realize direct measurement of the lightning induced overvoltage. Because the chance of successful lightning strike is precious, the lightning strike event is utilized to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, other targeted test and experimental schemes are specially designed for the quantitative measurement comparison with lightning current and lightning induced overvoltage, the destructive effect of the induced overvoltage generated by direct lightning on the tolerance of adjacent key electronic equipment is detected, and important theoretical basis and technical support are provided for the lightning protection parameter design and improvement of the key electronic equipment in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a direct lightning induced overvoltage measuring and electronic equipment tolerance performance testing device, which aims to solve the problems that in the process of generating induced overvoltage by the existing direct lightning, a proper measuring device cannot be adopted for testing and evaluating, key electronic equipment in lightning current induced overvoltage testing equipment cannot be subjected to tolerance testing, and the like.
The device comprises a trigger bomb, a steel wire, a drainage rod, an optical fiber, an oscilloscope, an induced overvoltage measuring instrument, a large-gain Pearson coil, a small-gain Pearson coil and a metal shielding room. The lightning stroke induced overvoltage test of the tested induction bomb equipment, the tested electronic component and the tested loaded loop is realized through the test device.
The trigger bomb is connected with the drainage rod through the steel wire; the large gain Pearson coil and the small gain Pearson coil are hollow annular, and the drainage rod penetrates through the centers of the large gain Pearson coil and the small gain Pearson coil and is grounded; and the large-gain Pearson coil and the small-gain Pearson coil respectively transmit a lightning current signal to the oscilloscope and the induced overvoltage measuring instrument through the optical fibers.
The invention also provides a direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance test method, which comprises the following specific test processes:
firstly, building the testing device, when a strong thunderstorm system passes the border, emitting the trigger bomb in a remote control ignition mode, if thunder and lightning can be successfully triggered, and a thunder and lightning channel along the steel wire hits the drainage rod, in the process that current enters the ground along the drainage rod, measuring the thunder and lightning current through the large gain Pearson coil and the small gain Pearson coil to obtain thunder and lightning current data, and then transmitting the thunder and lightning current data to the oscilloscope and the induced overvoltage measuring instrument through the optical fiber; and meanwhile, observing whether the tested electronic component (the upper electric notebook A in the metal shielding box and the upper electric notebook B in the plastic waterproof box) for comparison test is subjected to transient high-voltage breakdown of lightning induced overvoltage or not. In addition, the damage degree of the two notebooks which are powered on to work is compared;
secondly, observing whether the device of the sensed bomb (namely the sensed bomb in a state of waiting for firing, an ignition device and a laser transmitter) is influenced by the sensed overvoltage and then automatically igniting and emitting;
the effect of the lightning induced overvoltage on the circuit with the complete load is then observed. The judgment method is that if the lightning induced overvoltage is large, the adjacent photoelectric converters are broken down, even if the photoelectric control box does not execute a closing instruction, the whole circuit is broken down to form a normal loop due to the action of the lightning induced overvoltage, and as a result, the indicator lamps with three different colors are instantly lightened. In addition, artificial close-range observation is not realistic due to the risk of lightning. Therefore, the ultrahigh-speed camera is used for shooting at a long distance and recording the moment that lightning strikes the drainage rod, the change of the whole experimental site picture, such as whether the induction bomb is automatically started to ignite, whether the power-on notebook is broken down to smoke or not, whether the three indicator lights with different colors are lightened or not and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and key electronic equipment tolerance performance testing device and method. By carrying out manual lightning attracting operation on a fixed point, when the thunderstorm condition is proper, one lightning attracting bomb is launched to induce thunderstorm cloud to generate earth discharge, and the thunder and lightning is attracted to a specified place (a drainage rod) purposefully. Before the operation is implemented, a self-triggering test scheme of the induction bomb to be sent, a computer damage test scheme and an automatic bulb lighting test scheme are arranged in advance within the range of 5 meters from a fixed point. When thunder hits the moment that the current guiding rod reaches the ground, besides utilizing different gain Pearson coils to measure the current of thunder, the test that the induced overvoltage generated by the direct lightning strikes the surrounding induction bomb to be sent out, the damage degree of the charging notebook and whether the indicating lamp with different colors is lightened or not is also indirectly finished. The auxiliary verification equipment for qualitative measurement is mainly completed by using a high-speed camera and common monitoring equipment which are 100 meters away from the metal shielding room, so that the direct destruction effect and action of the lightning induced overvoltage can be conveniently checked and evaluated by operators afterwards.
The lightning current measuring device has strong practicability, can not only utilize Pearson coils with different gains to carry out quantitative measurement on lightning current, but also utilize induced overvoltage to measure the magnitude of induced overvoltage generated by lightning, provides technical support for scientific lightning protection and design of professional lightning protection equipment, and utilizes a test scheme with a certain distance to carry out qualitative test on the lightning induced overvoltage, so that direct damage of the lightning induced overvoltage is intuitively sensed. In the implementation process, the design, the construction and the smooth implementation of the experiment of the test platform scheme have strong challenge and difficulty, and the test result has double support of quantitative data and video data, so that the test platform has strong practicability and visual effect. The measurement result can not only deepen the understanding of induced overvoltage generated by lightning, but also the tested related parameters can provide powerful data guarantee and technical support for the lightning protection design and the development of lightning protection electronic products in the key electronic field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic device tolerance testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the current measurement of the direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic device endurance test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the induced overvoltage measurement of the direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance test device according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a manual lightning strike experimental site (shown by a white dotted line frame) of the direct lightning strike induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment tolerance performance test and method of the invention;
fig. 6 is a rising trajectory of a first trigger bomb (in the white circle in the figure, the trigger bomb) emitted by the direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance test and method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a drawing of the instant lightning strikes the current guiding rod when lightning strike succeeds in the direct lightning strike induced overvoltage measurement and the electronic device tolerance performance test and method of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows an instant tail flame (in the figure, an induction warhead is arranged inside a white circle) triggered by the direct lightning induction automatic ignition of an induction bomb according to the method for measuring direct lightning induction overvoltage and testing the endurance performance of the electronic equipment;
fig. 9 is a triggered rising trajectory of a sense bomb (in the white circle in the figure, the sense bomb) in the method for measuring direct lightning induced overvoltage and testing the endurance performance of the electronic device according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. trigger bullet, 2, steel wire, 3, drainage rod, 4, big gain Pearson coil, 5, little gain Pearson coil, 6, metal shielding room, 7, optic fibre, 8, oscilloscope, 9, response overvoltage measurement appearance, 10, response bullet, 11, ignition control box, 12, laser emitter, 13, metal shielding box, 14, power-on notebook A,15, plastic waterproof box, 16, power-on notebook B,17, three kinds of color indicator lamps, 18, photoelectric converter, 19, DC power supply, 20, photoelectric controller, 21, high-speed camera, 22, observation room.
Detailed Description
In a first specific embodiment, the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, which is a device for direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic device tolerance performance test, and the test device is used for implementing lightning induced overvoltage test on a sensed inductive bomb device, a sensed electronic component and a sensed loaded loop; the testing device comprises a trigger bomb 1; a steel wire 2; a drainage rod 3; a large gain Pearson coil 4; a small gain Pearson coil 5; a metal shielding room 6; an optical fiber 7; an oscilloscope 8 and an induced overvoltage measuring instrument 9.
The front end of the steel wire 2 is connected with the trigger bomb 1, and the tail end of the steel wire is connected with the drainage rod 3.
The centers of the different gain Pearson coils 4 and 5 are annular hollow structures, the drainage rod 3 penetrates through the centers and is connected to the ground, and the different gain Pearson coils 4 and 5 are insulated from the drainage rod and do not directly contact with the drainage rod. The different gain Pearson coils 4 and 5 are arranged in the metal shielding room 6, and the metal shielding room 6 is insulated from the drainage rod 3, the large gain Pearson coil 4 and the small gain Pearson coil 5 and is insulated from the ground.
The lightning currents measured by the Pearson coils 4 and 5 with different gains are transmitted to the oscilloscope 8 and the induced overvoltage measuring instrument 9 through the optical fiber 7.
In the embodiment, the device for testing the sensed sensor bomb is an independent testing device, and is 1 meter away from the metal shielding room 6; the device consists of an induction bomb 10, an ignition control box 11 and a laser emitter 12; the tail part of the induction bomb 10 is connected with the ignition control box 11 through a conducting wire, and the laser transmitter 12 is connected with the ignition control box 11 through optical fibers to form a set of complete testing equipment.
In this embodiment, the distance between the electronic component to be tested and the metal shielding room 6 is 5 meters; the tested electronic components comprise the metal shielding box 13, the upper electric notebook A14, the plastic waterproof box 15 and the upper electric notebook 16; upper electrical notebook a14 is placed inside metal shield box 13, and upper electrical notebook B16 is placed inside plastic waterproof box 15. Power up notebook a14 and power up notebook B16 are test devices that verify whether lightning induced overvoltage has a damaging effect on critical electronic products. Plastic waterproof box 15 mainly protects upper electric notebook B16 from rain, and upper electric notebook a14 and upper electric notebook B16 are powered by batteries and are in a normal power-on state during testing.
In this embodiment, the load loop under test is a single test device, the distance between the metal shielding house and the metal shielding house is 2 meters; the device consists of three color indicator lamps 17, a photoelectric converter 18, a photoelectric control box 20 and a direct current power supply 19; the three-color indicator light 17 is composed of three different bulbs, namely red, green and blue bulbs, and is connected with the photoelectric converter 18 through a wire, and the photoelectric control box 20 is connected with the photoelectric converter 18 through an optical fiber. The direct current power supply 19 supplies direct current and is connected with the photoelectric converter 18 through a lead. The tested load loop is a test circuit for testing whether the lightning induced overvoltage can break down the closed loop circuit to light the load.
In the embodiment, the method further comprises the step of shooting and photographing by aligning the testing device with the high-speed camera 21 placed in the observation room 22, wherein the distance between the testing device and the metal shielding room 6 is 100 meters.
In the second embodiment, the method for measuring direct lightning induced overvoltage and testing the endurance performance of the electronic device is described with reference to fig. 2 to 9, and the method is implemented by the testing device in the first embodiment, and the method is mainly used for measuring induced lightning overvoltage caused by lightning striking a fixed target on the ground and is completed by means of a manual lightning strike technology in order to achieve the purpose of measurement. The artificial lightning triggering is characterized in that the tail part of a lightning triggering bomb drags a wire steel wire and is communicated with a drainage rod. The specific implementation process comprises the following steps: the thunderstorm cloud is induced to discharge to a specific point on the ground by transmitting a thunderstorm bomb to the thunderstorm cloud. And as the lightning strike point is known, related measuring equipment and a layout test scheme are arranged at the lightning direct-strike position, so that the quantitative measurement of lightning current and the test of induced overvoltage generated by lightning are completed.
The testing method can directly and indirectly measure the induced overvoltage instantaneously generated by the lightning strike to the ground fixed target, and the quantitative measurement and the qualitative test of the induced overvoltage generated by the lightning strike are realized through the design of the device. The quantitative measurement aims at providing the current generated by lightning stroke and the change parameters of a magnetic field, and the qualitative measurement aims at utilizing auxiliary equipment, such as a high-speed camera, to carry out targeted camera shooting and photo taking on a lightning stroke point and visually observing whether induced overvoltage generated instantly by the lightning stroke influences induced bomb equipment, key electronic components and loaded loops within 5 meters of adjacent radius.
In the embodiment, three schemes for measuring the lightning induced overvoltage are specially designed around the device in order to detect the induced overvoltage of the direct lightning striking the ground in the strong thunderstorm period in a targeted manner.
Firstly, the influence of lightning induced overvoltage on an induction bomb loop under the adjacent to-be-sent state, when lightning successfully induces lightning, at the moment that the lightning strikes a current guide rod, whether the induced overvoltage generated by the lightning can directly influence an adjacent ignition control box or not is judged, and the adjacent induction bomb is then launched and lifted.
And secondly, measuring the breakdown influence of the lightning induced overvoltage on a loaded circuit in an open circuit state, and observing whether a bulb in a loop automatically lights up subsequently due to the influence of the induced overvoltage or not at the moment that the lightning strikes a current guide rod by using a long-distance high-speed camera.
And finally, detecting whether induced overvoltage generated by lightning stroke under the condition of the existence of the metal shielding box has a damage effect on the power-on notebook or the electronic device.
The test aim is to expect that the magnitude of lightning stroke induced overvoltage can be measured quantitatively and the destructive effect of direct lightning on key electronic equipment can be judged qualitatively at the moment when lightning strikes the drainage rod through the arrangement of precision equipment. Quantitative measurement mainly depends on specially designed Pearson coils with different gains and induced overvoltage measuring instruments, qualitative evaluation is to take pictures and take pictures of an operation point by using a high-speed camera with a distance of 100 meters to obtain evidence, and the state changes of adjacent induction bomb devices, power-on notebooks and different color indicating lamps at the moment when lightning hits a drainage rod 3 are recorded to comprehensively study and judge the visual destructive effect generated by direct lightning induced overvoltage, so that various test reference schemes are provided for deeply developing lightning induced overvoltage measurement in the future, and technical support and reference basis are provided for designing lightning protection schemes of electronic equipment.
The specific measurement process is as follows: an observation platform is built at a proper place, such as a fixed lightning-induced testing platform, a lightning-induced bomb layout, a comparison observation platform of key electronic components and a design with a load loop. When thunderstorm weather is on the top, the trigger bomb 1 is emitted in a remote ignition mode, when lightning is successfully triggered, a lightning channel is along the steel wire 2 and hits the drainage rod 3, in the process that current enters the ground along the drainage rod 3, the lightning current is measured through the Pearson coils 4 and 5 with different gains, and the obtained lightning current data are transmitted to the oscilloscope 8 and the induction overvoltage measuring instrument 9 through the optical fiber 7 to be recorded. Meanwhile, whether the power-on notebook A14 and the power-on notebook B16 are damaged by induced overvoltage breakdown is observed, and whether two working notebooks are damaged under different environments and the damage degree are compared and evaluated;
secondly, observing whether the adjacent induction lightning bomb in the to-be-fired state is influenced by the induction overvoltage and then automatically igniting and emitting;
then, it was observed whether the photoelectric converter with the load circuit having the complete current loop 2 meters away from the metal-shielded room was broken down by the lightning-induced overvoltage to turn on the lamps of three colors (red, green, and blue) instantaneously. In addition, in order to observe in a short distance and obtain real image data, at the moment that lightning strikes the drainage rod, shooting is carried out through a high-speed camera with the distance of 100 meters.
As shown in fig. 3, the lightning current measurement according to the present embodiment is divided into 4 parts, which are lightning strike operation, current sensor measurement, lightning current data transmission, and lightning current data recording. The current magnitude difference of different direct lightning strikes is large, in order to ensure that effective lightning current data can be obtained in the experimental process, the measurement equipment adopts Pearson coils with different gains to carry out measurement, the result is obtained through an optical transmitter and receiver, an electric signal is firstly converted into an optical signal, then the optical signal is transmitted to an observation room through an optical fiber, before entering the observation room, the optical transmitter and receiver is used for converting the optical signal into the electric signal, then an oscilloscope is used for recording, and the measurement of the lightning current is completed.
As shown in fig. 4, before the lightning current is transmitted from the current rod to the induced voltage measuring circuit through the optical fiber, the lightning current first enters the current-voltage converting circuit to output a voltage value, and then flows through the induced voltage measuring circuit. The induced overvoltage measuring circuit mainly comprises an operational amplifier, a relay, a diode and a precision resistor, and finally outputs induced overvoltage.
Fig. 5-9 show an example of successful artificial lightning strike once in 5 months and 16 days in 2022, at the moment that lightning strikes the current guide rod, lightning induced overvoltage triggers the adjacent inductive bomb device to immediately launch and lift off, and the tail flame spark and the rising track of the inductive bomb device are clearly visible.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance quality testing device, characterized by: the device comprises a trigger bomb (1), a steel wire (2), a drainage rod (3), a large gain Pearson coil (4), a small gain Pearson coil (5), a metal shielding room (6), an optical fiber (7), an oscilloscope (8) and an induced overvoltage measuring instrument (9); the lightning stroke induced overvoltage test of the tested induction bomb equipment, the tested electronic component and the tested loaded loop is realized through the test device;
the trigger bomb (1) is connected with the drainage rod (3) through a steel wire (2);
the large gain Pearson coil (4) and the small gain Pearson coil (5) are hollow annular, and the drainage rod (3) penetrates through the centers of the large gain Pearson coil (4) and the small gain Pearson coil (5) and is grounded;
and the large-gain Pearson coil (4) and the small-gain Pearson coil (5) are respectively transmitted to the oscilloscope (8) and the induced overvoltage measuring instrument (9) through the optical fiber (7).
2. The direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the sensed sensor bomb equipment and the testing device is 1 meter; the tested lightning equipment comprises an induction bomb (10), an ignition control box (11) and a laser transmitter (12); the induction bomb (10) is connected with an ignition control box (11) through a lead, and the input end of the ignition control box (11) is connected with the output end of the laser transmitter (12) through an optical fiber.
3. The direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance testing apparatus and method according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the tested electronic component and the testing device is 5 meters; the tested electronic component comprises a metal shielding box (13), an upper electric notebook A (14), a plastic waterproof box (15) and an upper electric notebook B (16); the upper electric notebook A (14) is placed in the metal shielding box (13) and is insulated from the upper electric notebook A, and the outer box of the metal shielding box (13) is grounded; the power-on notebook B (16) is arranged in the plastic waterproof box (15).
4. The direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the power-up notebook A (14) and the power-up single notebook B (16) are both battery powered and are in normal operation during testing.
5. The direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the tested load loop and the testing device is 2 meters; the tested load loop comprises three color indicator lamps (17), a photoelectric converter (18), a direct current power supply (19) and a photoelectric control box (20); the anode and the cathode of the three color indicator lamps (17) are connected with a photoelectric converter (18) through leads, and the photoelectric converter (18) is powered by the direct current power supply (19); the output end of the photoelectric control box (20) is connected with the input end of the photoelectric converter (18) through an optical fiber.
6. The direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the drainage rod (3), the large gain Pearson coil (4), the small gain Pearson coil (5) and the metal shielding room (6) are insulated from each other.
7. The direct lightning induced overvoltage measurement and electronic equipment endurance performance testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and placing a high-speed camera (21) in the observation room (22), wherein the distance between the observation room (22) and the metal shielding room (6) is 100 meters, and the lens of the high-speed camera (22) is aligned with the testing device for real-time observation.
8. A method for measuring direct lightning induced overvoltage and testing the endurance performance of electronic equipment, characterized in that the method is realized by a testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method is realized by the following steps:
firstly, building the testing device, transmitting the trigger bomb (1) in a remote ignition mode during the transit period of a strong thunderstorm system, measuring the lightning current through the large gain Pearson coil (4) and the small gain Pearson coil (5) in the process that the lightning is successfully triggered and the lightning channel is along the steel wire (2) and hits the current guide rod (3) and the lightning current enters the ground along the current guide rod (3) to obtain lightning current data, and transmitting the current data to the oscilloscope (8) and the induced voltage measuring instrument (9) through the optical fiber (7); meanwhile, the working states of two notebooks 5 meters away from the drainage rod (3) are observed, the tolerance degree of the upper electric notebook A (14) and the upper electric notebook B (16) to induced overvoltage generated by lightning current under the conditions of protection and no protection of the metal shielding box (13) is evaluated, and whether the two working notebooks are broken down and damaged by the lightning induced overvoltage is further analyzed;
secondly, observing whether the induction bomb equipment in a to-be-sent state is influenced by strong lightning induced overvoltage, and when the laser transmitter (12) is in the to-be-sent state, judging whether the ignition control box (11) is broken down or not, and then automatically igniting and transmitting;
finally, observing whether the photoelectric control circuit of the tested load loop is broken down by the lightning induced overvoltage to enable the three-color indicator lamp to be instantly lightened; and at the moment that the lightning strikes the drainage rod, a high-speed camera with the distance of 100 meters is used for shooting and recording data information in real time.
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| CN115744926A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-07 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | System for artificially generating lightning lava |
| CN115791670A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-14 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | System and method for directly measuring atmospheric trace components generated by lightning stroke |
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