CN115266359A - Polymer material performance testing device and method - Google Patents
Polymer material performance testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115266359A CN115266359A CN202210982216.7A CN202210982216A CN115266359A CN 115266359 A CN115266359 A CN 115266359A CN 202210982216 A CN202210982216 A CN 202210982216A CN 115266359 A CN115266359 A CN 115266359A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a high polymer material performance testing device and a method, the device comprises a testing box body, a heater and a thermodynamic performance testing mechanism, the testing box body comprises a body, the body is provided with a cavity with adjustable volume, the cavity is provided with a side opening for placing a high polymer material to be tested, and the cavity is internally provided with the heater; thermodynamic property test mechanism, including drive mechanism, piston, force transducer, displacement sensor and temperature sensor, temperature sensor sets up in the cavity, the one end of piston is equipped with force transducer, just the one end of piston with drive mechanism connects, the other end of piston is equipped with displacement sensor, just the other end of piston passes through the side opening inserts the cavity with the cavity forms inclosed, drive mechanism drives the piston is along the perpendicular to the side opening direction motion. The invention can test multiple thermodynamic properties at one time, improves the efficiency and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a high polymer material performance testing device and a high polymer material performance testing method.
Background
The polymer material is the most widely used material in daily life, various commodity products have high requirements on the forming processing and mechanical properties of the material, and particularly in the injection molding processing, the temperature, pressure, linear expansion coefficient, compression and other thermal mechanical properties of the material influence the forming process in the processing process, the surface quality of the product, the dimensional accuracy and other problems.
At present, a device for simultaneously testing multiple thermodynamic properties of a high polymer material is not provided, only independent thermal or mechanical property tests can be carried out, the structure of the device for testing the independent thermal or mechanical property is complex, the size of a test cavity of each property testing device is fixed, the device cannot adapt to different test size requirements, the test cavities with different sizes and sizes need to be additionally customized, the universality is poor, and the cost is high. Meanwhile, various performance tests cannot be correlated, so that sample preparation of a test sample is required every time, the cost is high, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for testing the performance of a high polymer material, which can be used for carrying out multiple thermodynamic property tests on the high polymer material, such as PVT test, linear expansion coefficient test, compression mechanical property test and compression creep property test, and have the advantages of efficiency improvement, simple structure and low cost.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a high polymer material performance testing device, which comprises: a test box body, a heater and a thermodynamic performance test mechanism,
the testing box body comprises a body, wherein the body is provided with a cavity with adjustable volume, the cavity is provided with a side opening for placing a high polymer material to be tested, and the cavity is internally provided with the heater;
thermodynamic property test mechanism, including drive mechanism, piston, force transducer, displacement sensor and temperature sensor, temperature sensor sets up in the cavity, the one end of piston is equipped with force transducer, just the one end of piston with drive mechanism connects, the other end of piston is equipped with displacement sensor, just the other end of piston passes through the side opening inserts the cavity with the cavity forms inclosed, drive mechanism drives the piston is along the perpendicular to the side opening direction motion.
Furthermore, drive mechanism includes motor and lead screw, the one end of lead screw with the motor rotates to be connected, the other end of lead screw with piston sliding connection, the lead screw with the junction of piston is equipped with force transducer, the motor passes through the lead screw drives the piston is along the perpendicular to side opening direction motion.
Further, drive mechanism still includes fixing base and slider, be equipped with the through-hole on the slider, the other end of lead screw passes the through-hole with the fixing base is connected, the one end of piston with the slider is connected, the motor passes through the lead screw with the slider drives the piston is along the perpendicular to side opening direction motion.
Further, the body comprises a cover plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, a vertical side plate and a bottom plate, and the cover plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate, the vertical side plate and the bottom plate are enclosed to form the cavity.
Further, the heating device further comprises a controller, and the controller is respectively in communication connection with the heater, the force sensor, the displacement sensor and the temperature sensor.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a polymer material performance testing method adopting the polymer material performance testing device, which comprises the following steps:
step A: placing a high polymer material to be tested in the cavity;
and B, step B: controlling the heater to heat the cavity until the high polymer material to be detected is molten;
and C: controlling the piston to move along the direction vertical to the side opening of the cavity, and compacting the high polymer material to be tested to obtain a sample to be tested;
step D: and controlling the thermodynamic performance testing mechanism to carry out thermodynamic performance testing on the sample to be tested, wherein the thermodynamic performance testing comprises a pressure-volume-temperature testing, a linear expansion coefficient testing, a compression mechanical performance testing and a compression creep performance testing.
Further, the step D includes:
step 11: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a first preset initial temperature and then keeping the temperature constant;
step 12: controlling the motor to enable the piston to press the sample to be tested at a first preset pressure;
step 13: controlling the heater to cool at a first preset temperature, and obtaining corresponding first displacement to form a first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve;
step 14: repeating the step 12 to the step 13 at a plurality of second preset pressures and second preset temperatures to form a plurality of second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curves;
step 15: and obtaining a target pressure-volume-temperature curve of the high polymer material to be detected according to the first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve and the second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve.
Further, the step D includes:
step 21: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a second preset initial temperature;
step 22: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 23: controlling the motor to enable the end head of the piston to be in contact with the sample to be tested;
and step 24: controlling the heater to cool the cavity within a preset temperature range to obtain a plurality of second displacements corresponding to a third preset temperature, wherein the third preset temperature is within the preset temperature range;
step 25: and calculating the linear expansion coefficient of the corresponding to-be-detected high polymer material according to the plurality of second displacements.
Further, the step D includes:
step 31: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a third preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 32: measuring the cross-sectional area and the side length of the cross-sectional area of the cavity;
step 33: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 34: controlling the motor to enable the piston to extrude the sample to be tested, and acquiring a first pressure and a third displacement of the piston;
step 35: calculating a first stress of the sample to be tested according to the first pressure and the sectional area, and calculating a first strain of the sample to be tested according to the third displacement and the side length of the sectional area;
and step 36: repeating the steps 31-35 at a plurality of fourth preset initial temperatures to obtain a plurality of second stresses and second strains corresponding to the fourth preset initial temperatures;
step 37: and obtaining a stress-strain curve of the to-be-tested high polymer material according to the first stress, the first strain, the second stress and the second strain.
Further, the step D includes:
step 41: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a fourth preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 42: measuring the cross-sectional area and the side length of the cross-sectional area of the cavity;
step 43: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 44: controlling the motor to enable the piston to press the sample to be tested at a preset pressure;
step 45: acquiring a fourth displacement of the piston at preset interval periods;
step 46: and obtaining a time-displacement compression creep curve of the high polymer material to be detected according to the preset interval period and the fourth displacement.
After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, have following beneficial effect: the heater is arranged in the test box body, during testing, the heater is controlled to heat the test box body, so that the high polymer material to be tested is in different states, and the high polymer material to be tested is subjected to multiple thermodynamic property tests such as PVT (polyvinyl dichloride) test, linear expansion coefficient test, compression mechanical property test and compression creep property test at different temperatures through the thermodynamic property test mechanism, so that the efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. Meanwhile, the volume of the cavity is adjusted, so that the test box body can meet the test requirements of different sizes, the universality is improved, and the cost is further reduced.
Drawings
The present disclosure will become more readily understood by reference to the following drawings. It should be understood that: these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the figure:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer material performance testing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is easily understood that, according to the technical solution of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can substitute various structural modes and implementation modes with each other without changing the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting or restricting the technical aspects of the present invention.
The directional terms upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, front, back, top, bottom and the like that are or may be mentioned in this specification are defined relative to the configurations shown in the drawings, and are relative concepts that may be changed accordingly depending on the position and the use state of the device. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the polymer material performance testing apparatus includes a testing chamber 10, a heater and a thermodynamic performance testing mechanism 20,
the test box body 10 comprises a body, wherein the body is provided with a cavity with adjustable volume, the cavity is provided with a side opening for placing a high polymer material to be tested, and a heater is arranged in the cavity;
thermodynamic property accredited testing organization 20, including drive mechanism, piston 21, force sensor 22, displacement sensor and temperature sensor 23, temperature sensor 23 sets up in the cavity, and force sensor 22 is equipped with to the one end of piston 21, and the one end of piston 21 is connected with drive mechanism, and the other end of piston 21 is equipped with displacement sensor, and the other end of piston 21 passes through the side opening and inserts the cavity and form sealedly with the cavity, and drive mechanism drives piston 21 and moves along perpendicular to side opening direction.
The device for testing the performance of the high polymer material is mainly used for testing the thermodynamic performance of the high polymer material, and comprises a Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) test, a linear expansion coefficient test, a compression mechanical performance test and a compression creep performance test.
The device for testing the performance of the high polymer material comprises a testing box body 10, a heater and a thermodynamic performance testing mechanism 20.
The test box body 10 comprises a body, the body is provided with a cavity with adjustable volume, the cavity is provided with a side opening for placing a high polymer material to be tested, a heater is arranged in the cavity and used for heating the cavity, so that the temperature in the cavity accords with the test temperature, and the heater can be embedded in the cavity in modes of a heating coil or a PTC heating body and the like, so that the heating uniformity is ensured. The volume of the cavity can be adjusted by adopting the existing method, and the cavity with the adjustable volume is convenient for carrying out linear expansion coefficient test, compression mechanical property test and compression creep property test on the high polymer material to be tested.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is square, so that the state of an injection molding product can be better restored and is closer to the actual molding working condition.
The thermodynamic property testing mechanism 20 comprises a transmission mechanism, a piston 21, a force sensor 22, a displacement sensor and a temperature sensor 23. Piston 21's one end is equipped with force sensor 22, and piston 21's one end is connected with drive mechanism, and piston 21's the other end is equipped with displacement sensor, and piston 21's the other end passes through the side opening and inserts the cavity and form inclusively with the cavity, guarantees that test environment temperature is stable, improves the test accuracy.
The transmission mechanism is used for driving the piston 21 to move along the direction vertical to the side opening, so that the piston 21 can extrude the high polymer material to be tested.
The force sensor 22 is used for detecting the pressure of the piston 21 on the polymer material to be detected.
The displacement sensor is used to detect the displacement of the piston 21. Preferably, the displacement sensor is a dial indicator.
The temperature sensor 23 is used to detect the temperature inside the cavity.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the heater is arranged in the test box body, during testing, the heater is controlled to heat the test box body, so that the high polymer material to be tested is in different states, and the high polymer material to be tested is subjected to multiple thermodynamic property tests such as PVT test, linear expansion coefficient test, compression mechanical property test and compression creep property test at different temperatures through the thermodynamic property test mechanism, so that the efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. Meanwhile, the volume of the cavity is adjusted, so that the test box body can meet the test requirements of different sizes, the universality is improved, and the cost is further reduced.
In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism comprises a motor 24 and a screw rod 25, one end of the screw rod 25 is rotatably connected with the motor 24, the other end of the screw rod 25 is rotatably connected with the piston 21, a force sensor 22 is arranged at the joint of the screw rod 25 and the piston 21, and the motor 24 drives the piston 21 to move in the direction perpendicular to the side opening through the screw rod 25.
Drive mechanism includes motor 24 and lead screw 25, and the both ends of lead screw 25 rotate with motor 24 and piston 21 respectively and be connected, and the junction of lead screw 25 and piston 21 is equipped with force sensor 22 for detect piston 21's pressure value, motor 24 pass through lead screw 25 and drive piston 21 and move along the side opening direction of perpendicular to, are convenient for control piston 21 to the effort of the macromolecular material that awaits measuring.
In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism further comprises a fixed seat 26 and a sliding block 27, a through hole is formed in the sliding block 27, the other end of the screw rod 25 penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the fixed seat 26, one end of the piston 21 is connected with the sliding block 27, and the motor 24 drives the piston 21 to move in the direction perpendicular to the side opening through the screw rod 25 and the sliding block 27.
The transmission mechanism further comprises a fixed seat 26 and a sliding block 27, a through hole is formed in the sliding block 27, the other end of the screw rod 25 penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the fixed seat 26, the plane where the screw rod 25 is located is parallel to the plane where the side opening is located, and when the transmission mechanism is used, the motor 24 drives the sliding block 27 to slide along the length direction of the screw rod 25 through the screw rod 25, so that the piston 21 moves along the direction perpendicular to the side opening.
In one embodiment, the body comprises a cover plate 11, a front side plate 12, a rear side plate 13, a standing side plate 14 and a bottom plate 15, and the cover plate 11, the front side plate 12, the rear side plate 13, the standing side plate 14 and the bottom plate 15 enclose to form a cavity.
The body includes apron 11, preceding curb plate 12, posterior lateral plate 13, founds curb plate 14 and bottom plate 15, and apron 11, preceding curb plate 12, posterior lateral plate 13, found curb plate 14 and bottom plate 15 enclose to close and form the cavity, and the side opening is relative with founding curb plate 14, makes the test box form horizontal structure, avoids gravity direction and compression direction coincidence when compression mechanical properties tests and compression creep performance test, influences the test result, further improves the test accuracy.
Preferably, the cover plate 11, the front side plate 12, the rear side plate 13 and the upright side plate 14 are movably connected, and when the volume of the cavity needs to be adjusted, the distance between the cover plate 11 and the upright side plate 14 is adjusted, or the distance between the upright side plate 14 and the front side plate 12 and the rear side plate 13 is adjusted, so that the cavity can be suitable for test requirements of different sizes, the universality is improved, and the cost is further reduced.
In one embodiment, a controller is also included, and the controller is in communication with the heater, the force sensor 22, the displacement sensor, and the temperature sensor 23, respectively.
The polymer material performance testing device further comprises a controller, the controller is in communication connection with the heater, the force sensor 22, the displacement sensor, the temperature sensor 23 and the motor 24 respectively, automatic testing can be achieved through the controller, and efficiency is further improved. The Controller is preferably a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a second embodiment of the present invention, including:
step A: placing a high polymer material to be detected in a cavity;
and B: controlling a heater to heat the cavity until the high polymer material to be detected is molten;
step C: controlling the piston to move along the direction vertical to the side opening of the cavity, and compacting the high polymer material to be tested to obtain a sample to be tested;
step D: and controlling a thermodynamic performance testing mechanism to test the thermodynamic performance of the sample to be tested.
Specifically, when a polymer material needs to be subjected to a thermodynamic test, firstly, step a is performed to place a granular or powdery polymer material to be tested in a cavity of the polymer material performance testing device; secondly, the controller executes the step B to control the heater to heat the cavity until the high polymer material to be detected is molten; then, the controller executes the step C to control the piston to move along the direction perpendicular to the side opening of the cavity, so that the high polymer material to be tested is pressed to be compact, and a cube-shaped sample to be tested is obtained; and finally, the controller executes the step D to control the thermodynamic performance testing mechanism to carry out thermodynamic performance testing on the sample to be tested, the thermodynamic performance testing comprises PVT testing, linear expansion coefficient testing, compression mechanical performance testing and compression creep performance testing, and the specific steps of each performance testing are described in the third embodiment and the sixth embodiment, so that multiple thermodynamic performance tests of PVT testing, linear expansion coefficient testing, compression mechanical performance testing and compression creep performance testing at different temperatures on the high polymer material to be tested are realized, and the efficiency is improved.
If the high polymer material needs to be subjected to the PVT test, the linear expansion coefficient test, the compression mechanical property test and the compression creep property test at the same time, the sample preparation process of the steps A to C only needs to be executed once, and if the high polymer material is subjected to the PVT test, the temperature of a sample to be tested after the PVT test is passed is reduced to room temperature, the sample to be tested can be used for the subsequent linear expansion coefficient test, the compression mechanical property test or the compression creep property test, so that the efficiency is further improved, and the cost is reduced.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a third embodiment of the present invention, including:
step 11: controlling a heater to heat the cavity to a first preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 12: controlling a motor to enable a piston to extrude a sample to be tested at a first preset pressure;
step 13: controlling the heater to cool at a first preset temperature to obtain corresponding first displacement and form a first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve;
step 14: repeating the steps 12-13 at a plurality of second preset pressures and second preset temperatures to form a plurality of second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curves;
step 15: and obtaining a target pressure-volume-temperature curve of the high polymer material to be detected according to the first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve and the second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve.
Specifically, when a PVT test is required, firstly, the controller executes step 11 to control the heater to heat the cavity to a first preset initial temperature and then perform constant temperature; secondly, executing the steps 12 to 13 to obtain a first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve under a first preset pressure and a first preset temperature; then, the controller executes step 14 to repeat steps 12 to 13 at a plurality of second preset pressures and second preset temperatures to obtain a plurality of second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curves under the second preset pressures and second preset temperatures, wherein the plurality of second preset pressures and second preset temperatures refer to a plurality of different pressures and different temperatures; and finally, the controller performs step 15 to summarize the first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve and the plurality of second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curves to obtain a target pressure-volume-temperature curve of the high polymer material to be tested, so that the PVT test of the high polymer material to be tested at different temperatures is realized.
Example four
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, including:
step 21: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a second preset initial temperature;
step 22: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 23: controlling a motor to enable the end head of the piston to be in contact with a sample to be tested;
and step 24: controlling the heater to control the temperature of the cavity within a preset temperature range to obtain a plurality of second displacements corresponding to third preset temperatures;
step 25: and calculating the linear expansion coefficient of the corresponding polymer material to be detected according to the plurality of second displacements.
Specifically, when a linear expansion coefficient test is required, firstly, the controller executes step 21 to control the heater to heat the cavity to a second preset initial temperature; secondly, the controller executes step 22 to increase the volume of the cavity, for example, to adjust the distance between the cover plate and the upright side plate, or to adjust the distance between the upright side plate and the front side plate and the rear side plate; then, the controller performs steps 23-24 to heat and cool the cavity within a preset temperature range, and acquires a plurality of second displacements corresponding to third preset temperatures, wherein the third preset temperatures are within the preset temperature range, for example, when the preset temperature range is 50-100 ℃, the displacements corresponding to temperatures of 60 ℃, 80 ℃ and 100 ℃ are respectively acquired; finally, the controller executes step 25 to calculate the linear expansion coefficient of the corresponding polymer material to be tested according to the plurality of second displacements, thereby realizing the test of the linear expansion coefficient of the polymer material to be tested at different temperatures.
Wherein the preset temperature range is preferably 25-120 ℃.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, including:
step 31: controlling a heater to heat the cavity to a third preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 32: measuring the cross-sectional area and the side length of the cross-sectional area of the cavity;
step 33: the volume of the cavity is increased;
step 34: controlling a motor to enable a piston to extrude a sample to be tested, and acquiring a first pressure and a third displacement of the piston;
step 35: calculating a first stress of the sample to be tested according to the first pressure and the sectional area, and calculating a first strain of the sample to be tested according to the third displacement and the side length of the sectional area;
and step 36: repeating the steps 31 to 35 at a plurality of fourth preset initial temperatures to obtain a plurality of second stresses and second strains corresponding to the fourth preset initial temperatures;
and step 36: and obtaining a stress-strain curve of the polymer material to be tested according to the first stress, the first strain, the second stress and the second strain.
Specifically, when a compression mechanical performance test is required, firstly, the controller executes the step 31 to control the heater to heat the cavity to a third preset initial temperature and then keep the temperature constant; secondly, the controller executes the steps 32-34 to obtain a first pressure and a third displacement; then, the controller executes step 35 to calculate a first stress by dividing the first pressure by the cross-sectional area, and calculates a first strain by removing the third position and calculating the side length of the cross-sectional area; then, the controller executes step 36 to repeat steps 31-35 with a plurality of fourth preset initial temperatures to obtain a plurality of second stresses and second strains corresponding to the fourth preset initial temperatures, wherein the plurality of fourth preset initial temperatures refer to a plurality of different temperatures; finally, the controller executes step 36 to obtain a stress-strain curve of the polymer material to be tested according to the first stress, the first strain, the plurality of second stresses and the second strain, thereby realizing the compression mechanical property test of the polymer material to be tested at different temperatures.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for testing polymer material performance according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, including:
step 41: controlling a heater to heat the cavity to a fourth preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 42: measuring the cross-sectional area and the side length of the cross-sectional area of the cavity;
step 43: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 44: controlling a motor to enable a piston to extrude a sample to be tested at a preset pressure;
step 45: acquiring fourth displacement of the piston at preset interval periods;
step 46: and obtaining a time-displacement compression creep curve of the high polymer material to be detected according to the preset interval period and the fourth displacement.
Specifically, when the compression creep performance test is required, the controller executes steps 41 to 45 to obtain a fourth displacement of the piston according to a preset interval period (for example, every hour), and executes step 46 to obtain a time-displacement compression creep curve of the polymer material to be tested according to the preset interval period and the fourth displacement, so that the compression creep performance test of the polymer material to be tested under different pressures is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polymer material performance test device is characterized by comprising: a test box body, a heater and a thermodynamic performance test mechanism,
the testing box body comprises a body, wherein the body is provided with a cavity with adjustable volume, the cavity is provided with a side opening for placing a high polymer material to be tested, and the cavity is internally provided with the heater;
thermodynamic property accredited testing organization, including drive mechanism, piston, force transducer, displacement sensor and temperature sensor, temperature sensor sets up in the cavity, the one end of piston is equipped with force transducer, just the one end of piston with drive mechanism connects, the other end of piston is equipped with displacement sensor, just the other end of piston passes through the side opening inserts the cavity with the cavity forms inclusively, drive mechanism drives the piston is followed the perpendicular to the side opening direction motion.
2. The polymer material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a motor and a lead screw, one end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the motor, the other end of the lead screw is slidably connected to the piston, the force sensor is disposed at a connection between the lead screw and the piston, and the motor drives the piston to move in a direction perpendicular to the side opening through the lead screw.
3. The device for testing the performance of the high polymer material according to claim 2, wherein the transmission mechanism further comprises a fixed seat and a slide block, a through hole is formed in the slide block, the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the fixed seat, one end of the piston is connected with the slide block, and the motor drives the piston to move in a direction perpendicular to the side opening through the screw rod and the slide block.
4. The polymer material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the body comprises a cover plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, a vertical side plate and a bottom plate, and the cover plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate, the vertical side plate and the bottom plate enclose to form the cavity.
5. A polymer material performance testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a controller, wherein the controller is in communication with the heater, the force sensor, the displacement sensor and the temperature sensor, respectively.
6. A polymer material performance test method using the polymer material performance test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
step A: placing a high polymer material to be tested in the cavity;
and B, step B: controlling the heater to heat the cavity until the high polymer material to be detected is molten;
and C: controlling the piston to move along the direction vertical to the side opening of the cavity, and compacting the high polymer material to be tested to obtain a sample to be tested;
step D: and controlling the thermodynamic performance testing mechanism to carry out thermodynamic performance testing on the sample to be tested, wherein the thermodynamic performance testing comprises pressure-volume-temperature testing, linear expansion coefficient testing, compression mechanical performance testing and compression creep performance testing.
7. The method for testing the performance of the polymer material according to claim 6, wherein the step D comprises the following steps:
step 11: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a first preset initial temperature and then keeping the temperature constant;
step 12: controlling the motor to enable the piston to press the sample to be tested at a first preset pressure;
step 13: controlling the heater to cool at a first preset temperature, and obtaining corresponding first displacement to form a first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve;
step 14: repeating the step 12 to the step 13 at a plurality of second preset pressures and second preset temperatures to form a plurality of second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curves;
step 15: and obtaining a target pressure-volume-temperature curve of the high polymer material to be detected according to the first sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve and the second sub-pressure-volume-temperature curve.
8. The method for testing the performance of the polymer material according to claim 6, wherein the step D comprises the following steps:
step 21: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a second preset initial temperature;
step 22: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 23: controlling the motor to enable the end head of the piston to be in contact with the sample to be tested;
and step 24: controlling the heater to control the temperature of the cavity within a preset temperature range to obtain a plurality of second displacements corresponding to third preset temperatures, wherein the third preset temperatures are within the preset temperature range;
step 25: and calculating the linear expansion coefficient of the corresponding to-be-detected high polymer material according to the plurality of second displacements.
9. The method for testing the performance of the polymer material according to claim 6, wherein the step D comprises the following steps:
step 31: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a third preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 32: measuring the cross-sectional area and the side length of the cross-sectional area of the cavity;
step 33: increasing the volume of the cavity;
step 34: controlling the motor to enable the piston to extrude the sample to be tested, and acquiring a first pressure and a third displacement of the piston;
step 35: calculating a first stress of the sample to be tested according to the first pressure and the sectional area, and calculating a first strain of the sample to be tested according to the third displacement and the side length of the sectional area;
and step 36: repeating the steps 31 to 35 at a plurality of fourth preset initial temperatures to obtain a plurality of second stresses and second strains corresponding to the fourth preset initial temperatures;
step 37: and obtaining a stress-strain curve of the to-be-tested high polymer material according to the first stress, the first strain, the second stress and the second strain.
10. The method for testing the performance of the polymer material according to claim 6, wherein the step D comprises the following steps:
step 41: controlling the heater to heat the cavity to a fourth preset initial temperature and keeping the temperature constant;
step 42: measuring the cross-sectional area and the side length of the cross-sectional area of the cavity;
step 43: increasing the volume of the cavity;
and step 44: controlling the motor to enable the piston to press the sample to be tested at a preset pressure;
step 45: acquiring a fourth displacement of the piston at preset interval periods;
step 46: and obtaining a time-displacement compression creep curve of the high polymer material to be detected according to the preset interval period and the fourth displacement.
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| CN115508225A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-12-23 | 万华化学（宁波）有限公司 | Material sample creep test equipment and material sample creep test method |
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