CN115265355B - Parallelism measuring device and calibration method thereof - Google Patents

Parallelism measuring device and calibration method thereof Download PDF

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CN115265355B
CN115265355B CN202210802706.4A CN202210802706A CN115265355B CN 115265355 B CN115265355 B CN 115265355B CN 202210802706 A CN202210802706 A CN 202210802706A CN 115265355 B CN115265355 B CN 115265355B
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displacement sensor
eddy current
current displacement
calibration
data
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CN115265355A (en
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于宝成
王梅
谢强
艾玉明
徐文霞
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Wuhan Institute of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/30Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a parallelism measuring device and a calibration method thereof, wherein the device comprises a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and a calibration table; the data acquisition module comprises an eddy current displacement sensor probe, an extension cable and a sensor mounting frame; the eddy current displacement sensor probes are paired in pairs, and the eddy current displacement sensor probes of a plurality of pairs are oppositely arranged on the sensor mounting frame; the data analysis module comprises an eddy current displacement sensor front end processor, a converter and an upper computer; the extension cable is connected with the eddy current displacement sensor probe and the front end processor; the converter completes data communication between the current vortex displacement sensor front-end processor and the upper computer; the upper computer is used for processing and analyzing data acquired by the eddy current displacement sensor probe so as to acquire the parallelism of two planes to be measured; the calibration stand comprises two surfaces to be measured which are parallel to each other, and the distance between the two surfaces to be measured is known. Compared with manual measurement, the invention not only simplifies the measurement flow, but also improves the measurement precision.

Description

平行度测量装置及其标定方法Parallelism measuring device and calibration method thereof

技术领域Technical Field

本发明属于测量技术领域,具体涉及一种平行度测量装置及其标定方法。The invention belongs to the field of measurement technology, and particularly relates to a parallelism measuring device and a calibration method thereof.

背景技术Background Art

对于气囊隔振器垫片厚度测量,传统测量方式为人工测量,通过机械尺测量筏架下安装面与基座安装面的间距,减去气囊隔振器的高度,从而得到调整垫片厚度,主要测量工具为卡钳、千分尺、游标卡尺等。The traditional method of measuring the thickness of the airbag isolator gasket is manual measurement. A mechanical ruler is used to measure the distance between the mounting surface under the raft frame and the mounting surface of the base, and then the height of the airbag isolator is subtracted to obtain the adjusted gasket thickness. The main measuring tools are calipers, micrometers, vernier calipers, etc.

目前实际测量方法是只测量位于安装面角落四点,然后通过三点成面的基本原理确定垫片的厚度尺寸,制作完毕后进行预安装,接着对垫片进行手工研磨加工,直至气囊隔振器安装满足低噪声安装要求。这种通过机械尺测量方法加工制作的调整垫片主要存在如下问题:①由于采用手工机械式测量,无法保证测量精度,调整垫片制作误差较大,影响筏架及设备安装;②由于调整垫片测量取样点只有四点,垫片安装面重构仅通过三点确定,无法保证调整垫片安装面与安装面的有效接触;③工人劳动强度大,效率低,而且极易出现错误。At present, the actual measurement method is to only measure four points at the corners of the installation surface, and then determine the thickness of the gasket based on the basic principle of three points forming a surface. After production, pre-installation is performed, and then the gasket is manually ground until the airbag isolator installation meets the low-noise installation requirements. The adjustment gaskets produced by this mechanical ruler measurement method mainly have the following problems: ① Due to the use of manual mechanical measurement, the measurement accuracy cannot be guaranteed, and the production error of the adjustment gasket is large, which affects the installation of the raft and equipment; ② Since there are only four sampling points for the adjustment gasket measurement, the reconstruction of the gasket installation surface is determined by only three points, and the effective contact between the adjustment gasket installation surface and the installation surface cannot be guaranteed; ③ The labor intensity of workers is high, the efficiency is low, and errors are very easy to occur.

因此,为了提高气囊安装质量和效率,设计一种能够自动测量平面间隙的平行度测量装置显得极为迫切和重要。Therefore, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of airbag installation, it is extremely urgent and important to design a parallelism measuring device that can automatically measure the plane gap.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的在于,提供一种平行度测量装置及其标定方法,解决平面间隙的自动准确测量问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a parallelism measuring device and a calibration method thereof to solve the problem of automatic and accurate measurement of plane gaps.

本发明所采用的技术方案如下:The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

一种平行度测量装置,包括:数据获取模块、数据分析模块、标定台。其中:A parallelism measuring device includes: a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, and a calibration platform. Among them:

数据获取模块,包括电涡流位移传感器探头、延伸电缆和传感器安装框架,用于采集数据。The data acquisition module includes an eddy current displacement sensor probe, an extension cable and a sensor mounting frame, and is used to collect data.

数据分析模块,包括电涡流位移传感器前置器、电源、上位机和数据分析模块安装框架,用于将获取的数据进行处理得到测量和分析结果。The data analysis module includes an eddy current displacement sensor preamplifier, a power supply, a host computer and a data analysis module installation frame, and is used to process the acquired data to obtain measurement and analysis results.

标定台,包括与待测平面材质相同的金属版面和螺栓,用于在对目标平面测量前获取补偿数据。The calibration platform includes a metal plate and bolts made of the same material as the plane to be measured, and is used to obtain compensation data before measuring the target plane.

优选地,电涡流位移传感器探头通过两个螺母两个垫圈夹紧固定在传感器安装框架上。Preferably, the eddy current displacement sensor probe is clamped and fixed on the sensor mounting frame by two nuts and two washers.

优选地,传感器安装框架通过3D打印非金属材料,形成一体式的框架结构。Preferably, the sensor mounting frame is formed into an integrated frame structure by 3D printing non-metallic materials.

优选地,传感器安装框架有电涡流位移传感器探头安装孔共22个,上下两个板之间各11个,位置为上下对应为一组;四个承重柱位于数据获取模块四角;共22个支撑柱,每两个支撑柱位于一对探头安装孔左右;8个线缆固定孔位于数据获取模块四角。Preferably, the sensor mounting frame has a total of 22 eddy current displacement sensor probe mounting holes, 11 of which are between the upper and lower plates, and the positions are arranged as a group corresponding to the upper and lower parts; four load-bearing columns are located at the four corners of the data acquisition module; a total of 22 support columns, with every two support columns located on the left and right of a pair of probe mounting holes; and 8 cable fixing holes are located at the four corners of the data acquisition module.

优选地,承重柱应有螺栓安装孔,用于测量时固定数据获取模块。Preferably, the load-bearing column should have bolt mounting holes for fixing the data acquisition module during measurement.

优选地,标定台由两个高精度金属版面,四个全纹螺栓构成,通过螺母夹紧固定金属版面,用来调整标定台金属版面间隙。Preferably, the calibration platform is composed of two high-precision metal plates and four full-thread bolts, and the metal plates are clamped and fixed by nuts to adjust the gap between the metal plates of the calibration platform.

优选地,数据分析模块的框架应能安装22个传感器前置器,用来处理整个传感器信号。Preferably, the frame of the data analysis module should be able to install 22 sensor preamplifiers to process the entire sensor signal.

优选地,传感器的延伸电缆用来连接探头与前置器。Preferably, an extension cable of the sensor is used to connect the probe and the proximitor.

优选地,数据分析模块应包括一个RS232转RS485转换器,通过通信电缆连接上位机和转换器,实现上位机与电涡流位移传感器之间的通信。Preferably, the data analysis module should include an RS232 to RS485 converter, and the host computer and the converter are connected via a communication cable to achieve communication between the host computer and the eddy current displacement sensor.

优选地,数据分析模块的电源模块能将交流220V转化成直流12V,为电涡流位移传感器供电。Preferably, the power supply module of the data analysis module can convert AC 220V into DC 12V to power the eddy current displacement sensor.

本发明还提供了一种平行度测量装置的标定方法,以便获得更精确的标定数据和测量结果,包括以下步骤:The present invention also provides a calibration method for a parallelism measuring device to obtain more accurate calibration data and measurement results, comprising the following steps:

步骤S1、将标定台放置在较为平整的地方;Step S1, placing the calibration platform on a relatively flat place;

步骤S2、将数据获取模块完全放入标定台;Step S2, completely placing the data acquisition module into the calibration platform;

步骤S3、打开电源,开启装置,获得每一组传感器的探头1到被测表面1的距离h1,探头2到被测表面2的距离h2Step S3, turn on the power, start the device, and obtain the distance h 1 from the probe 1 of each sensor group to the measured surface 1, and the distance h 2 from the probe 2 to the measured surface 2;

步骤S4、已知标定台金属版面间隙H,则每组探头间的安装距离,即标定数据为h3=H-h1-h2Step S4: Given the metal plate gap H of the calibration platform, the installation distance between each group of probes, that is, the calibration data is h 3 =Hh 1 -h 2 .

本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点及有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

本发明通过安装11对电涡流位移传感器,测量每组传感器探头到金属被测物表面的距离,加上该组传感器探头间的距离,得出目标两平面间该测点的相对位置。电涡流位移传感器感应相对位置并处理成相应的电信号输出,因此具有灵敏度高、抗干扰能力强、非接触测量、响应速度快且不受油水等因素影响的优点。测量时,首先将数据获取模块放入标定台,按下电源键,获取标定数据即每组传感器探头间的距离;其次将数据获取模块放入目标平面,获取测量数据,在上位机的软件界面显示测量与分析结果。本装置的数据获取模块安装框架采用3D打印非金属材料形成一体式的框架结构,具有刚性好,轻便的优点,保障装置的使用性能;在使用上简单便携,相较于人工测量既简化了测量流程又提高了测量精度。The present invention installs 11 pairs of eddy current displacement sensors, measures the distance from each group of sensor probes to the surface of the metal object to be measured, and adds the distance between the sensor probes in the group to obtain the relative position of the measuring point between the two planes of the target. The eddy current displacement sensor senses the relative position and processes it into a corresponding electrical signal output, so it has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong anti-interference ability, non-contact measurement, fast response speed and is not affected by factors such as oil and water. During measurement, first put the data acquisition module into the calibration table, press the power button, and obtain the calibration data, that is, the distance between each group of sensor probes; secondly, put the data acquisition module into the target plane, obtain the measurement data, and display the measurement and analysis results on the software interface of the host computer. The data acquisition module installation frame of the device adopts 3D printing non-metallic materials to form an integrated frame structure, which has the advantages of good rigidity and lightness, and ensures the performance of the device; it is simple and portable in use, and compared with manual measurement, it simplifies the measurement process and improves the measurement accuracy.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1为数据获取模块结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition module;

图2为标定原理图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the calibration principle.

图中:1-传感器安装框架,2-传感器探头,3-螺母,4-传感器安装孔,5-支撑柱,6-螺栓安装孔,7-传感器线缆固定孔,8-承重柱。In the figure: 1-sensor mounting frame, 2-sensor probe, 3-nut, 4-sensor mounting hole, 5-support column, 6-bolt mounting hole, 7-sensor cable fixing hole, 8-load-bearing column.

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

本发明的目的在于提供一种平行度测量装置及其标定方法,通过传感器测量探头到被测平面的距离得出该测点两平面间的距离,从而计算出对称金属平面的平行度。The object of the present invention is to provide a parallelism measuring device and a calibration method thereof, which measures the distance from a probe to a measured plane through a sensor to obtain the distance between two planes at the measuring point, thereby calculating the parallelism of symmetrical metal planes.

本发明实施例的平行度测量装置,如图1所示,包括数据获取模块、数据分析模块、标定台。数据获取模块包括传感器安装框架1和电涡流位移传感器探头2;传感器探头2通过螺母3穿过传感器探头安装孔4固定在传感器安装框架1上,传感器探头2左右有两个支撑柱5保持装置的刚性,传感器安装框架1应包括传感器线缆固定孔7、承重柱8;承重柱8应包含螺栓安装孔6,使用时通过螺栓固定数据获取模块。The parallelism measuring device of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG1, includes a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, and a calibration platform. The data acquisition module includes a sensor mounting frame 1 and an eddy current displacement sensor probe 2; the sensor probe 2 is fixed to the sensor mounting frame 1 through a nut 3 passing through a sensor probe mounting hole 4, and the sensor probe 2 has two support columns 5 on the left and right to maintain the rigidity of the device. The sensor mounting frame 1 should include a sensor cable fixing hole 7 and a load-bearing column 8; the load-bearing column 8 should include a bolt mounting hole 6, and the data acquisition module is fixed by bolts when in use.

如图2所示,本实施例还提供了一种平行度测量装置的标定方法,具体来说就是获取每组传感器探头间的距离h3,获取标定数据有如下步骤:As shown in FIG. 2 , this embodiment further provides a calibration method for a parallelism measuring device, specifically, obtaining the distance h3 between each group of sensor probes, and obtaining the calibration data has the following steps:

步骤S1、将标定台放置在较为平整的地方;Step S1, placing the calibration platform on a relatively flat place;

步骤S2、将数据获取模块完全放入标定台;Step S2, completely placing the data acquisition module into the calibration platform;

步骤S3、打开电源,开启装置,获得每一组传感器的探头1到被测表面1的距离h1,探头2到被测表面2的距离h2Step S3, turn on the power, start the device, and obtain the distance h 1 from the probe 1 of each sensor group to the measured surface 1, and the distance h 2 from the probe 2 to the measured surface 2;

步骤S4、已知标定台金属版面间隙H,则每组探头间的安装距离,即标定数据为h3=H-h1-h2Step S4: Given the metal plate gap H of the calibration platform, the installation distance between each group of probes, that is, the calibration data is h 3 =Hh 1 -h 2 .

本发明的平行度测量装置的使用方法,包括如下内容:The method for using the parallelism measuring device of the present invention comprises the following contents:

将安装有11对电涡流位移传感器的数据获取模块放入标定台,按下电源键开启平行度测量装置,前置器通过延伸电缆为探头内线圈提供交变电流,在探头线圈周围形成一个磁场,位于磁场周围的导体激发出电涡流,电涡流与线圈的磁场方向相反,从而改变探头内线圈的阻抗值,此阻抗值与线圈到被测物体的距离直接相关;通过前置器电子线路的处理,将线圈阻抗的变化,即头部体线圈与金属导体的距离的变化转化成电压或电流的变化,计算出对应的距离值并处理成相应的电信号输出,通过转换器将RS232转为RS485,使用通信电缆连接转换器和上位机以传输信号。上位机的软件部分获得每一组传感器的探头1到被测表面1的距离h1,探头2到被测表面2的距离h2,已知标定台的标准高度H,即标定数据h3=H-h1-h2;再将数据获取模块放入待测两平面间进行测量,测量每一组传感器的探头1到被测表面1的距离h1,探头2到被测表面2的距离h2,得到该测点上两平面间隙H为:H=h1+h2+h3Place the data acquisition module equipped with 11 pairs of eddy current displacement sensors into the calibration table, press the power button to turn on the parallelism measuring device, and the preamplifier provides alternating current to the coil inside the probe through an extended cable, forming a magnetic field around the probe coil. The conductor located around the magnetic field excites eddy currents, and the eddy currents are opposite to the magnetic field direction of the coil, thereby changing the impedance value of the coil inside the probe, and this impedance value is directly related to the distance from the coil to the object being measured; through the processing of the preamplifier electronic circuit, the change in coil impedance, that is, the change in the distance between the head body coil and the metal conductor is converted into a change in voltage or current, and the corresponding distance value is calculated and processed into a corresponding electrical signal output, and the RS232 is converted to RS485 through the converter, and the converter and the host computer are connected using a communication cable to transmit the signal. The software part of the host computer obtains the distance h 1 from the probe 1 to the measured surface 1 and the distance h 2 from the probe 2 to the measured surface 2 of each group of sensors. The standard height H of the calibration platform is known, that is, the calibration data h 3 =Hh 1 -h 2 ; then the data acquisition module is placed between the two planes to be measured for measurement, and the distance h 1 from the probe 1 to the measured surface 1 and the distance h 2 from the probe 2 to the measured surface 2 of each group of sensors is measured, and the gap H between the two planes at the measuring point is obtained as: H = h 1 +h 2 +h 3 .

综上所述,本发明公开了一种平行度测量装置及其标定方法,用于解决自动化地测量两平面间的多点距离。该装置分为数据获取模块、数据分析模块、标定台三部分;同时提供了一种平行度测量装置的标定方法。测量目标平面前,将数据获取模块放入标定台,开启装置,将获取到的标定数据传入数据分析模块,保存数据;再将标定好的数据获取模块放入待测两平面间获取测量数据,将数据传输到数据分析模块进行处理,在数据分析模块的软件界面显示出测量数据和数据补偿后的分析结果。本装置的数据获取模块安装框架采用3D打印非金属材料形成一体式的框架结构,具有刚性好,轻便的优点,保障装置的使用性能;本发明在使用上操作简单、灵活方便;在结果上具有测量精度高、反应速度快的优点。In summary, the present invention discloses a parallelism measuring device and a calibration method thereof, which are used to solve the problem of automatically measuring the multi-point distance between two planes. The device is divided into three parts: a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, and a calibration platform; and a calibration method for a parallelism measuring device is also provided. Before measuring the target plane, the data acquisition module is placed in the calibration platform, the device is turned on, the acquired calibration data is transferred to the data analysis module, and the data is saved; then the calibrated data acquisition module is placed between the two planes to be measured to acquire the measurement data, and the data is transferred to the data analysis module for processing, and the measurement data and the analysis results after data compensation are displayed on the software interface of the data analysis module. The data acquisition module installation frame of the device adopts 3D printing non-metallic materials to form an integrated frame structure, which has the advantages of good rigidity and lightness, and ensures the performance of the device; the present invention is simple to operate, flexible and convenient in use; and has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and fast response speed in results.

本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The parallelism measuring device is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and a calibration table;
The data acquisition module comprises an eddy current displacement sensor probe, an extension cable and a sensor mounting frame; the eddy current displacement sensor probes are pairwise paired, and the eddy current displacement sensor probes of a plurality of pairs are oppositely arranged on the sensor mounting frame and are used for collecting data;
The data analysis module comprises an eddy current displacement sensor front end processor, a converter and an upper computer; the extension cable is connected with the eddy current displacement sensor probe and the eddy current displacement sensor front-end processor; the converter completes data communication between the current vortex displacement sensor front-end processor and the upper computer; the upper computer is used for processing and analyzing data acquired by the eddy current displacement sensor probe so as to acquire the parallelism of two planes to be measured;
the calibration platform comprises two surfaces to be tested which are parallel to each other, and the distance between the two surfaces to be tested is known; the calibration platform is used for calibrating the parallelism measuring device so as to acquire the installation distance between the probe pairs of the eddy current displacement sensor and transmit the installation distance to the upper computer.
2. The parallelism measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sensor mounting frame includes an upper mounting plate, a lower mounting plate, a support column, and a bearing column; the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are provided with opposite probe mounting holes for mounting paired eddy current displacement sensor probes; the support column is located relative probe mounting hole both sides and connects mounting panel and mounting panel down for support mounting panel and mounting panel down, and the spanners are located mounting panel four corners down, and every spanners still is equipped with a bolt locating hole for fixed sensor mounting frame when measuring.
3. The parallelism measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein each of the eddy current displacement sensor probes is clamped and fixed at the probe mounting hole by two nuts and two washers.
4. The parallelism measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sensor mounting frame is an integrated frame structure formed by 3d printing of a nonmetallic material.
5. The parallelism measuring apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data analysis module further comprises a data analysis module mounting frame for mounting the stationary eddy current displacement sensor head, the transducer and the host computer.
6. The parallelism measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calibration stage comprises two high-precision metal plates and four full-grain bolts; the space between the two metal plates of the calibration table is adjusted by clamping and fixing the metal plates through nuts on the full-grain bolts.
7. A method for calibrating a parallelism measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
S1, placing a calibration table in a relatively flat place;
S2, placing the data acquisition module into a calibration table;
S3, obtaining distances h 1 and h 2 between each pair of eddy current displacement sensor probes and two measured surfaces of the calibration table;
And S4, calibrating the space between the two measured surfaces of the table to be H, wherein the mounting distance between each pair of eddy current displacement sensor probes, namely the calibration data is H 3=H-h1-h2.
8. The method for calibrating a parallelism measuring apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the data acquisition module is placed between two planes to be measured during measurement to acquire the distances between each pair of eddy current displacement sensor probes and the two surfaces to be measured, and the distances between the two planes to be measured are obtained by adding the distances to the calibration data.
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