CN115264266A

CN115264266A - Steel rail smoothness detection device

Info

Publication number: CN115264266A
Application number: CN202210803405.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭磊; 王�琦; 柳飞; 张斌
Original assignee: Beijing Municipal Engineering Research Institute
Current assignee: Beijing Municipal Engineering Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-07-07
Filing date: 2022-07-07
Publication date: 2022-11-01

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel rail detection, and discloses a steel rail smoothness detection device which comprises an upright post, wherein a limit groove is formed in the outer side surface of the upright post at an equal angle, a second movable ring located at the bottom end of the upright post close to the upright post is movably installed in the upright post through the limit groove, and a support assembly is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the second movable ring at an equal angle. When the second movable ring moves downwards, the connecting rod on the outer side face of the second movable ring deflects outwards, the second fixed seat can move towards the outer side face of the upright post under the action of the movable rod and drives the lug plate on one side of the upright post to move towards the outer side face, after the angle is adjusted to a proper angle, the limiting plate can be pressed downwards to insert the plug pin into the ground to complete fixation, at the moment, the whole device is fixed through four plug pins with equal angles, and the connecting rods are used for supporting in a dispersing mode, so that the pivot of the whole device is located on the four plug pins, the plug pins tend to be stable, and the advantage of high stability in use is achieved.

Description

Steel rail smoothness detection device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel rail detection, and particularly relates to a steel rail smoothness detection device.

Background

In the vehicle that adopts railway transportation, the ride comfort of railway is very important, its can direct relation arrive the operation smoothness of vehicle on the railway, can cause the influence that is showing to goods and passenger, and the key subassembly that influences the railway smoothness is the smoothness of rail, its level degree that directly influences the railway, reduce the influence that the railway unevenness caused to the train for the maximize, often can carry out the ride comfort detection to the rail among the prior art and can use a rail ride comfort detection device this moment.

At present, the most common steel rail smoothness detection abandons the traditional manual detection, and adopts machine vision detection instead, so that the machine vision intelligent measuring instrument can be used for monitoring the settlement of the rail. In the relatively stable region outside the rail running region, a machine vision intelligent measuring instrument is arranged at a certain height position away from the ground, and a waterproof target is adhered to the rail waist. According to the pixel change of a target in an image, the settlement amount of a track can be output in real time, one machine vision intelligent measuring instrument can monitor a plurality of tracks simultaneously, the machine vision intelligent measuring instrument is powered by commercial power or solar energy, collected data are connected into a special data gateway and then transmitted to a data management platform through 4G/5G wireless transmission or network cables, optical fibers and the like, when the machine vision detection is used, a camera and a support are required to be fixed, after the fixation is completed, the support is required to be fixed on the ground beside a railway, the fixing mode adopted at present is generally that a bolt at the bottom end of the support is inserted into the ground to realize the fixation, however, when the fixing mode is adopted, only one fixed pivot is generally existed, the two sides of the railway are greatly influenced by environmental factors, if external force factors such as wind power are met, the support is easy to topple over when in use, and further damage to the camera and influence the efficiency of smoothness detection are caused.

Can paste a plurality of targets when the ride comfort of rail detects, and every target can correspond a corresponding check point, so need frequently change the check point in testing process, just need tear corresponding support open when changing the check point and move to the place that corresponds and install, however when adopting traditional support fixed mode, need demolish the fixed awl that corresponds when demolising, the shared space of whole support and camera is great after the fixed awl is demolishd simultaneously, lead to it in handling, need occupy great space, can't accomplish quick dismantlement and convenient accomodating, can directly influence whole ride comfort testing process.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a rail ride comfort detecting apparatus to solve the above problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: steel rail ride comfort detection device, including the stand, the spacing groove has been seted up to angles such as the lateral surface of stand, there is the second loose ring that is located the stand and is close to the bottom inside of stand through spacing groove movable mounting, angle fixed mounting such as the lateral surface of second loose ring has supporting component, the below of stand is equipped with solid fixed ring, angle fixed mounting such as solid fixed ring's medial surface has fixed cover, solid fixed ring's lateral surface is seted up the inside of all the other fixed covers of through-hole and is linked together, the one end of fixed cover is connected with supporting component, the top of stand is equipped with the mount pad, the top of mount pad is equipped with the detection camera.

Preferably, the supporting component comprises a first fixing seat, the first fixing seat and other angle fixing devices are arranged on the outer side surface of the second fixing ring, a connecting rod is movably connected below the first fixing seat through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is movably connected with a second fixing seat through a rotating shaft.

Preferably, the bottom of second fixing base and solid fixed ring's bottom are in on the same horizontal plane, the equal fixed mounting of one end that the second fixing base is close to solid fixed ring has the movable rod, the one end of movable rod run through solid fixed ring lateral surface the through-hole and with fixed cover between the activity cup joint.

Preferably, the equal fixed mounting in one end that solid fixed ring was kept away from to the second fixing base has the otic placode, the equal movable mounting in inside of otic placode has the bolt, the top and the fixed mounting that the otic placode was run through on the top of bolt have a limiting plate, when fixing the device, the accessible presses the mount pad downwards and makes the mount pad exert pressure towards extension pipe and first movable ring, first movable ring can exert pressure towards second movable ring through the gas-supply pipe, at this moment because the movable rod only can relatively fixed cover carry out the displacement, unable upper and lower displacement, and the whole length of connecting rod is unchangeable, so when second movable ring displacement downwards, the connecting rod that is located second movable ring lateral surface takes place to deflect to the outside thereupon, the second fixing base can remove towards the lateral surface of stand under the effect of movable rod this moment, and drive the otic placode of its one side to carry out the displacement towards the lateral surface, adjust to after suitable angle, can press the limiting plate downwards and can insert the bolt and accomplish fixedly with ground, whole device is through the bolt of four angles such as this moment and accomplish fixedly, and support through the connecting rod dispersion, make the fulcrum of whole device be located four insert on the round pin, make it tend to stabilize.

Preferably, the inside movable mounting of stand has the first loose ring that is located second loose ring top, swing joint between first loose ring passes through spacing groove and the stand, the fixed intercommunication in bottom of first loose ring has the gas-supply pipe, the other end of gas-supply pipe and the top fixed connection of second loose ring.

Preferably, the fixed intercommunication in top of first loose collar has the extension pipe, the top of extension pipe run through the top of stand and with the bottom fixed connection of mount pad, the bottom of mount pad is seted up the through-hole and is linked together with the inside of extension pipe, the equal fixed mounting in both ends has the pivot about detecting the camera, detecting the camera through rotate between pivot and the mount pad and be connected, when the ride comfort that accomplishes a rail detects and need move to next place, the accessible upwards pulls four bolts respectively makes four bolts leave ground, accomplishes the dismantlement back, can drive extension pipe and first loose collar through upwards pulling the mount pad and move up, can drive the second loose collar through the gas-supply pipe when first loose collar shifts up and shift up, the connecting rod that is located second loose collar lateral surface this moment can the reverse motion take place the deflection to the inboard promptly for contained angle between connecting rod and the stand diminishes, and the one end of movable rod takes place the displacement towards solid fixed ring's middle part, reduce the occupation of stand bottom space and accomodate, expand to next place after moving to next place and fix once more can.

Preferably, the middle part of the fixing ring is provided with an air inlet pipe, the number of the fixing sleeves is the same as that of the movable rods, and the other end of the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the air inlet pipe and communicated with the air inlet pipe.

Preferably, the fixed intercommunication in top of intake pipe has communicating pipe, the top of communicating pipe and the bottom fixed connection of stand, the through-hole has been seted up to the bottom of stand and is linked together with the inside of communicating pipe, when carrying out taking in of device, can rotate ninety degrees with detecting the camera, make the camera lens that detects the camera correspond with the through-hole and lie in the top of through-hole, and when supporting component accomplishes and accomodates, the movable rod can carry out the displacement towards the direction of intake pipe, can push the air of fixed cover inside into the intake pipe inside and get into the gas-supply pipe department of top through the intake pipe this moment, and the air current can get into the bottom of stand through the gas-supply pipe and get into in gas-supply pipe and the extension pipe through the stand, and finally clean the camera lens department that detects the camera through the through-hole blowout on mount pad top, reduce the dust that the camera lens was infected with when detecting the camera work, precision when increasing next detection.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the outer side surface of the upright post is provided with the limiting groove, the second movable ring is movably arranged in the limiting groove, and meanwhile, the supporting component is fixed on the outer side surface of the second movable ring, when the device needs to be fixed, the mounting seat can be pressed downwards to enable the mounting seat to apply pressure to the extension pipe and the first movable ring, the first movable ring can apply pressure to the second movable ring through the gas transmission pipe, at the moment, the movable rod can only move relative to the fixed sleeve and cannot move up and down, and the whole length of the connecting rod is unchanged.

2. According to the invention, the mounting seat is connected with the first movable ring, the camera is mounted in the mounting seat, when the smoothness detection of one steel rail is completed and the steel rail needs to be moved to the next place, the four bolts can be respectively pulled upwards to enable the four bolts to leave the ground, after the disassembly is completed, the mounting seat can be pulled upwards to drive the extension pipe and the first movable ring to move upwards, the first movable ring can drive the second movable ring to move upwards through the gas pipe while moving upwards, at the moment, the connecting rod positioned on the outer side surface of the second movable ring can move reversely, namely deflect inwards, so that the included angle between the connecting rod and the stand column is reduced, one end of the movable rod moves towards the middle part of the fixed ring, the occupied space at the bottom end of the stand column is reduced to complete the storage, and the stand column can be unfolded and fixed again after being moved to the next place, so that the advantages of convenient disassembly and easy storage are realized.

3. According to the invention, the air inlet pipes are communicated among the four fixed sleeves, the air conveying pipes are communicated between the air inlet pipes and the bottom ends of the stand columns, the bottom ends of the mounting seats are provided with the through grooves and communicated with the extension pipes, when the device is stored, the detection camera can be rotated by ninety degrees, so that the lens of the detection camera corresponds to the through holes and is positioned above the through holes, when the support assembly finishes storing, the movable rod can move towards the direction of the air inlet pipes, at the moment, air in the fixed sleeves can be pushed into the air inlet pipes and enters the upper air conveying pipes through the air inlet pipes, air flow can enter the bottom ends of the stand columns through the air conveying pipes and enter the air conveying pipes and the extension pipes through the stand columns, and finally the lens of the detection camera is cleaned through the spraying of the through holes in the top ends of the mounting seats, dust polluted by the lens when the detection camera works is reduced, and the precision in the next detection is increased, so that the advantage of self-cleaning of the lens is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the backside structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fixing sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the column of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mating of the support assembly and the fixed ring structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the support assembly and fixed ring structure of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the latch structure of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 8.

In the figure: 1. a column; 2. a mounting base; 3. detecting a camera; 4. a rotating shaft; 5. a limiting groove; 6. an extension tube; 7. a first movable ring; 8. a gas delivery pipe; 9. a second movable ring; 10. a communicating pipe; 11. a fixing ring; 12. an air inlet pipe; 13. fixing a sleeve; 14. a support assembly; 141. a first fixed seat; 142. a connecting rod; 143. a second fixed seat; 144. a movable rod; 145. an ear plate; 147. a bolt; 148. and a limiting plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, 8 and 9, in the embodiment of the present invention, the device for detecting smoothness of a steel rail includes an upright 1, a position-limiting groove 5 is disposed on an outer side surface of the upright 1 at an equal angle, a second movable ring 9 located near a bottom end of the upright 1 is movably mounted inside the upright 1 through the position-limiting groove 5, a support component 14 is fixedly mounted on an outer side surface of the second movable ring 9 at an equal angle, a fixed ring 11 is disposed below the upright 1, a fixed sleeve 13 is fixedly mounted on an inner side surface of the fixed ring 11 at an equal angle, an outer side surface of the fixed ring 11 is provided with a through hole, and the insides of the other fixed sleeves 13 are communicated, one end of the fixed sleeve 13 is connected to the support component 14, a mounting seat 2 is disposed above the upright 1, a detection camera 3 is disposed at a top end of the mounting seat 2, the support component 14 includes a first fixed seat 141, the first fixed seat 141 is fixedly mounted on an outer side surface of the second fixed ring 11 at an equal angle, a connecting rod 142 is movably connected below the first fixed seat 141 through a rotating shaft 4, the other end of the connecting rod 142 is movably connected with a second fixed seat 143 through the rotating shaft 4, the bottom end of the second fixed seat 143 and the bottom end of the fixed ring 11 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, one end of the second fixed seat 143 close to the fixed ring 11 is fixedly provided with a movable rod 144, one end of the movable rod 144 penetrates through a through hole on the outer side surface of the fixed ring 11 and is movably sleeved with the fixed ring 13, one end of the second fixed seat 143 far away from the fixed ring 11 is fixedly provided with an ear plate 145, a bolt 147 is movably arranged inside the ear plate 145, the top end of the bolt 147 penetrates through the top end of the ear plate 145 and is fixedly provided with a limiting plate 148, when the device is fixed, the mounting seat 2 can be pressed downwards to enable the mounting seat 2 to apply pressure to the extension pipe 6 and the first movable ring 7, the first movable ring 7 can apply pressure to the second movable ring 9 through the gas pipe 8, at this time, because the movable rod 144 can only displace relative to the fixed sleeve 13, and cannot displace up and down, and the overall length of the connecting rod 142 is unchanged, when the second movable ring 9 displaces downward, the connecting rod 142 located on the outer side surface of the second movable ring 9 deflects outward, at this time, the second fixed seat 143 can move toward the outer side surface of the upright 1 under the action of the movable rod 144, and drives the ear plate 145 on one side of the second fixed seat to displace toward the outer side surface, after the angle is adjusted to a proper angle, the limiting plate 148 can be pressed downward to insert the pins 147 into the ground to complete fixation, at this time, the whole device completes fixation through the four equiangular pins 147, and is dispersedly supported by the connecting rod 142, so that the fulcrum of the whole device is located on the four pins 147, and the whole device tends to be stable.

As shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a first movable ring 7 located above a second movable ring 9 is movably mounted inside the upright 1, the first movable ring 7 is movably connected with the upright 1 through a limiting groove 5, a gas pipe 8 is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the first movable ring 7, the other end of the gas pipe 8 is fixedly connected with the top end of the second movable ring 9, an extension pipe 6 is fixedly communicated with the top end of the first movable ring 7, the top end of the extension pipe 6 penetrates through the top end of the upright 1 and is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the mounting base 2, the bottom end of the mounting base 2 is provided with a through hole and is communicated with the inside of the extension pipe 6, rotating shafts 4 are fixedly mounted at the left end and the right end of the detection camera 3, the detection camera 3 is rotatably connected with the mounting base 2 through the rotating shafts 4, when the ride comfort of accomplishing a rail detects and need move to next place, the accessible upwards pulls four bolts 147 respectively and makes four bolts 147 leave ground, accomplish the dismantlement back, can drive extension pipe 6 and first loose collar 7 and move up through upwards spurting mount pad 2, can drive second loose collar 9 through gas-supply pipe 8 when first loose collar 7 moves up and move up, connecting rod 142 that is located second loose collar 9 lateral surface this moment can the reverse motion take place to deflect to the inboard promptly, make the contained angle between connecting rod 142 and the stand 1 diminish, and the displacement takes place towards solid fixed ring 11's middle part for the one end of movable rod 144, it accomodates to reduce the occupation of land space completion of stand 1 bottom, it can once more fixed to expand after moving to next place.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, an air inlet pipe 12 is disposed in the middle of the fixing ring 11, the number of the fixing sleeves 13 is the same as that of the movable rods 144, the other ends of the fixing sleeves 13 are fixedly connected with the outer side of the air inlet pipe 12 and communicated with the space between the air inlet pipe 12, the top end of the air inlet pipe 12 is fixedly communicated with the communicating pipe 10, the top end of the communicating pipe 10 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the upright post 1, the bottom end of the upright post 1 is provided with a through hole and communicated with the inside of the communicating pipe 10, when the device is stored, the detection camera 3 can be rotated ninety degrees, so that the lens of the detection camera 3 corresponds to the through hole and is located above the through hole, when the support assembly 14 completes storage, the movable rods 144 can be displaced towards the direction of the air inlet pipe 12, at this time, the air inside the fixing sleeves 13 can be pushed into the air inlet pipe 12 and enters the air pipe 8 above through the air inlet pipe 12, the air flow can enter the bottom end of the upright post 1 through the air pipe 8 and enter the air pipe 8 and the extension pipe 6 through the upright post 1, and finally the lens can be sprayed out through the through hole on the top end of the mounting base 2 to clean the lens, thereby reducing the contamination of the detection camera 3 during operation, and increasing the accuracy of the next detection.

The working principle and the using process are as follows:

when the device needs to be fixed, the mounting base 2 can be pressed downwards to enable the mounting base 2 to apply pressure to the extension pipe 6 and the first movable ring 7, the first movable ring 7 can apply pressure to the second movable ring 9 through the air conveying pipe 8, at this time, the movable rod 144 can only displace relative to the fixed sleeve 13, and cannot displace up and down, and the whole length of the connecting rod 142 is unchanged, so when the second movable ring 9 displaces downwards, the connecting rod 142 positioned on the outer side surface of the second movable ring 9 deflects outwards, at this time, the second fixed seat 143 can move towards the outer side surface of the upright post 1 under the action of the movable rod 144 and drives the lug plate 145 on one side of the upright post to displace towards the outer side surface, after the proper angle is adjusted, the limiting plate 148 can be pressed downwards to insert the bolt 147 into the ground to complete fixing, at this time, the whole device completes fixing through the four equiangular bolts 147, and is dispersedly supported through the connecting rod 142, so that the fulcrum of the whole device is positioned on the four bolts 147, and the whole device tends to be stable;

when the smoothness detection of one steel rail is completed and the steel rail needs to be moved to the next place, the four bolts 147 can be respectively pulled upwards to enable the four bolts 147 to leave the ground, after the steel rail is disassembled, the mounting seat 2 can be pulled upwards to drive the extension pipe 6 and the first movable ring 7 to move upwards, the first movable ring 7 can drive the second movable ring 9 to move upwards through the gas pipe 8 while moving upwards, at the moment, the connecting rod 142 positioned on the outer side face of the second movable ring 9 can move reversely, namely deflect towards the inner side, so that the included angle between the connecting rod 142 and the stand column 1 is reduced, one end of the movable rod 144 moves towards the middle part of the fixed ring 11, the occupied space at the bottom end of the stand column 1 is reduced, the steel rail is stored, and the steel rail is unfolded and fixed again after being moved to the next place;

when carrying out taking in of device, can rotate ninety degrees with detection camera 3, make the camera lens that detects camera 3 correspond with the through-hole and be located the top of through-hole, and when supporting component 14 accomplished to accomodate, movable rod 144 can carry out the displacement towards the direction of intake pipe 12, can push the inside air of fixed cover 13 into intake pipe 12 inside and get into the gas-supply pipe 8 department of top through intake pipe 12 this moment, and the air current can get into the bottom of stand 1 through gas-supply pipe 8 and get into in gas-supply pipe 8 and the extension pipe 6 through stand 1, and finally clean the camera lens department that detects camera 3 through the through-hole blowout on mount pad 2 top, reduce the dust that the camera lens was infected with when detecting camera 3 during operation, precision when increasing next detection.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Rail ride comfort detection device, including stand (1), its characterized in that: spacing groove (5) have been seted up to angles such as the lateral surface of stand (1), the inside of stand (1) has second movable ring (9) that is located stand (1) and is close to the bottom through spacing groove (5) movable mounting, angle fixed mounting such as the lateral surface of second movable ring (9) has supporting component (14), the below of stand (1) is equipped with solid fixed ring (11), angle fixed mounting such as the medial surface of solid fixed ring (11) has fixed cover (13), the inside that all the other fixed covers (13) of through-hole were seted up to the lateral surface of solid fixed ring (11) is linked together, the one end of fixed cover (13) is connected with supporting component (14), the top of stand (1) is equipped with mount pad (2), the top of mount pad (2) is equipped with detection camera (3).

2. The steel rail smoothness detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting component (14) comprises a first fixing seat (141), the first fixing seat (141) is fixedly installed on the outer side face of the second fixing ring (11) in an equal-angle mode, a connecting rod (142) is movably connected to the lower portion of the first fixing seat (141) through a rotating shaft (4), and the other end of the connecting rod (142) is movably connected with a second fixing seat (143) through the rotating shaft (4).

3. The steel rail ride comfort detection device according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of second fixing base (143) and the bottom of solid fixed ring (11) are in on the same horizontal plane, the equal fixed mounting in one end that second fixing base (143) are close to solid fixed ring (11) has movable rod (144), the one end of movable rod (144) run through solid fixed ring (11) lateral surface the through-hole and with fixed cover (13) between the activity cup joint.

4. The steel rail ride comfort detection device according to claim 2, wherein: the equal fixed mounting in one end that solid fixed ring (11) was kept away from in second fixing base (143) has otic placode (145), the equal movable mounting in inside of otic placode (145) has bolt (147), the top and the fixed mounting that the top of bolt (147) runs through otic placode (145) have limiting plate (148).

5. The steel rail ride comfort detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the inside movable mounting of stand (1) has first movable ring (7) that is located second movable ring (9) top, swing joint between first movable ring (7) through spacing groove (5) and stand (1), the bottom mounting intercommunication of first movable ring (7) has gas-supply pipe (8), the other end of gas-supply pipe (8) and the top fixed connection of second movable ring (9).

6. The steel rail ride comfort detection device according to claim 5, wherein: the fixed intercommunication in top of first activity ring (7) has extension pipe (6), the top of extension pipe (6) run through the top of stand (1) and with the bottom fixed connection of mount pad (2), the bottom of mount pad (2) is seted up the through-hole and is linked together with the inside of extension pipe (6), the equal fixed mounting in both ends has pivot (4) about detection camera (3), detection camera (3) rotate between through pivot (4) and mount pad (2) and be connected.

7. The steel rail ride comfort detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the fixed ring (11) is provided with an air inlet pipe (12), the number of the fixed sleeve (13) is the same as that of the movable rods (144), and the other end of the fixed sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the air inlet pipe (12) and communicated with the air inlet pipe (12).

8. The steel rail ride comfort detection device according to claim 7, wherein: the top of intake pipe (12) is fixed the intercommunication has communicating pipe (10), the top of communicating pipe (10) and the bottom fixed connection of stand (1), the through-hole has been seted up to the bottom of stand (1) and is linked together with the inside of communicating pipe (10).