CN115261970A - Lifting mechanism, aluminum purification device applying same and method - Google Patents
Lifting mechanism, aluminum purification device applying same and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115261970A CN115261970A CN202210684834.3A CN202210684834A CN115261970A CN 115261970 A CN115261970 A CN 115261970A CN 202210684834 A CN202210684834 A CN 202210684834A CN 115261970 A CN115261970 A CN 115261970A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- XFBXDGLHUSUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[AlH3] XFBXDGLHUSUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B28/00—Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
- C30B28/04—Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure from liquids
- C30B28/10—Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure from liquids by pulling from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lifting mechanism, and an aluminum purification device and method applying the lifting mechanism, and relates to the technical field of aluminum purification. The lifting unit comprises a lifting motor, the lifting motor is positioned on a main bracket, the output end of the lifting motor is fixedly connected with a screw rod, the screw rod is in threaded connection with a sliding bracket, one side of the sliding bracket is fixedly connected with a sliding block pair, and the sliding block pair is in sliding connection with a guide pillar; the heating unit comprises a crucible, the crucible is positioned in the heat preservation furnace, and heating wires are uniformly arranged on the side wall of an inner cavity of the heat preservation furnace; and the crystallization unit is positioned in the crucible and comprises a stirring crystallizer, one end of the stirring crystallizer is soaked in the aluminum water in the crucible, the other end of the stirring crystallizer is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism, and a cooling pipe is arranged in the stirring crystallizer. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the stirring cooling crystallizer is pulled at a constant speed or intermittently pulled while stirring cooling crystallization is carried out, so that the growth speed is accelerated, the pulling strength of the crystal is enhanced, and the one-time purification period is 0.5-2 hours.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum purification, in particular to a lifting mechanism, an aluminum purification device applying the same and an aluminum purification method applying the same.
Background
Aluminum was found in 1825 years till now, aluminum and aluminum alloy are widely applied to aviation, aerospace, national defense industry and daily necessities, have the characteristics of abundant storage amount, simple and convenient smelting, low density, reinforcement, corrosion resistance, easy processing, good electrical conductivity, good thermal conductivity, attractive appearance and the like, but the main impurities in the original aluminum are Fe, si and Cu, and the existence of the impurities directly influences the physical properties and the mechanical properties of the aluminum. Therefore, the purification of aluminum is urgent, and a purification method which has high purification efficiency, low energy consumption and no industrial pollution and is suitable for industrial production is expected to be found.
At present, the aluminum purification has a chemical method and a physical method, and the three-layer liquid electrolysis method is a chemical method and has the main defects of high energy consumption and 1.3-1.8 ten thousand Kwh/ton of power consumption; secondly, the environment is polluted, hydrogen fluoride is generated by electrolysis, the environment is seriously polluted by sulfur dioxide, and the equipment and the process are complicated. The physical method is a segregation method, also called a solidification method, and segregation purification technologies mainly comprise a distributed crystallization method, a zone melting method and a directional solidification method at present. The directional solidification method can be divided into a cooling tube solidification method, a bottom cooling method, a side wall cooling method, an upper lifting solidification method, a transverse solidification method and the like; the directional solidification method has the advantages of low energy consumption, relatively simple equipment and process and higher actual yield, and is suitable for mass production of 4N to 6N high-purity aluminum, so that the physical method is the main research and development direction of the high-purity aluminum purification technology. It was found through the search that an aluminum purification apparatus of the same principle is proposed in the patent application No. 201520306875.4/201520306884.3/201520304692.9, which uses a sidewall cooling method. Further retrieval, as in patent application No. 201110224938.8, used is the bottom cooling method. Although some enterprises in China adopt physical methods to produce ultra-high purity aluminum in a trial production or large-scale production mode, the method has various defects.
1. The production efficiency is low. The production speed is slow, 2cm/h-10cm/h, the primary purification period is 5-8 hours, and the low purification speed is mainly reflected in that the cooling speed is limited by the requirements of cooling the molten aluminum of the whole crucible, cooling the hearth and the characteristics of a heat preservation furnace. Secondly, the speed of extracting the finished product is slow. Because the crystal precipitation after purification is in solid state connection with the crucible, the product must be separated from the crucible, either cooling demoulding separation or heating remelting aluminum-water separation, the two methods both need long-time cooling or heating, and both methods occupy the crucible in the period, which means that one holding furnace is occupied and the purification work of the next period cannot be rapidly carried out, thereby influencing the production efficiency.
2. The cost of the consumables is relatively high. Mainly reflected in the loss cost of the crucible and the coating cost of the surface layer of the crucible. Most of the existing segregation methods adopt a water vapor cooling method on the outer wall of a crucible, the water vapor cold and hot impact easily causes uneven heat and cold of the crucible, accelerated aging and cracking peeling, then a devitrified finished product needs to be peeled off from the crucible, irreversible damage to the surface of the crucible is easily caused, the self components of the crucible are mixed into aluminum water to cause pollution if the devitrified finished product is light, and aluminum water is leaked and a safety accident occurs if the devitrified finished product is cracked due to the cold and hot impact aging of the crucible if the devitrified finished product is heavy.
3. The energy consumption cost is higher. The conventional segregation method needs to heat and cool molten aluminum. The temperature rise consumes energy, and the temperature drop causes energy loss.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments, and some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the abstract and title of the application in order to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art and/or the problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are low production efficiency, relatively high material cost and relatively high energy consumption cost in the aluminum purification process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a carry and draw mechanism, includes and carries and draws the unit, carries and draws the motor including carrying, carries and draws the motor to be located the main support, carries and draws motor output and lead screw fixed connection, lead screw and sliding support threaded connection, sliding support one side fixedly connected with slider is vice, slider is vice with guide pillar sliding connection.
As a preferable aspect of the pulling mechanism of the present invention, wherein: the sliding support comprises a first support and a second support, and a bearing is arranged on the second support.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum purification device applying a lifting mechanism comprises a heating unit and a crystallization unit; the heating unit comprises a crucible, the crucible is positioned in a heat preservation furnace, and a plurality of heating wires are uniformly arranged on the side wall of an inner cavity of the heat preservation furnace; and the crystallization unit is positioned inside the crucible and comprises a stirring crystallizer, one end of the stirring crystallizer is soaked in the molten aluminum in the crucible, the other end of the stirring crystallizer is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism, a cooling pipe is arranged in the stirring crystallizer, the stirring crystallizer is connected with a stirring motor through a transmission belt, and the stirring motor is positioned on the first support.
As a preferable embodiment of the aluminum purifying apparatus using the pulling mechanism according to the present invention, wherein: the surface of the stirring crystallizer is coated or sprayed with protective paint, and crystallization blocks can be attached in the purification process.
As a preferable aspect of the aluminum purifying apparatus using the pulling mechanism according to the present invention, wherein: the interior of the cooling tube is a cooling gas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum purification method using a lifting mechanism is realized by the aluminum purification device using the lifting mechanism, and comprises the following steps: pouring molten aluminum into a crucible, and keeping the temperature for 5-30min by a holding furnace; preheating a stirring crystallizer for the first time; lowering the stirring crystallizer to a position 1-3mm away from the liquid level of the molten aluminum and preheating for the second time; starting a stirring motor, rotating at 40rpm, and continuously descending the stirring crystallizer to insert the stirring crystallizer into the molten aluminum L; cooling gas is filled into the cooling pipe to reduce the temperature; after stirring for 15min, lifting the stirred crystallizer upwards at a constant speed or intermittently by a lifting mechanism; gradually increasing the rotating speed of a stirring motor to 70rpm, and finishing purification when the bottom end of the stirring crystallizer leaves molten aluminum; separating the crystallization blocks attached to the surface of the stirring crystallizer, supplementing or replacing the aluminum water in the crucible, and repeating the steps for purification in the next period.
As a preferable aspect of the method for purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention, wherein: the temperature of the holding furnace is set to be more than 660 ℃, the stirring crystallizer is preheated to 100-200 ℃ for the first time, and is preheated to 250-400 ℃ for the second time.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention, wherein: the flow rate of the cooling gas in the cooling pipe is 0-50L/min.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention, wherein: the rotating speed of the stirring motor is 40-70 rpm.
As a preferable aspect of the method for purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention, wherein: the pulling speed output by the pulling motor is 1-1.5 cm/min, the pulling time is 15min, or intermittent motion is adopted, namely 1-1.5cm is pulled every 1 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the stirring cooling crystallizer is uniformly or intermittently pulled while stirring cooling crystallization is carried out, so that the growth speed is accelerated, the pulling strength of the crystal is enhanced, the pulling and fusing of a finished product are avoided, the pulling is beneficial to heat dissipation, the growth speed can reach 18cm/h, the crystallization amount can be greatly increased, and the one-time purification period is 0.5-2 hours; the main material of the method is coating on the surface layer of the stirring crystallizer, the stirring crystallizer can be repeatedly used for many times, a crucible only needs to be kept at a constant temperature, cold and hot shock does not exist, the crucible is used at a constant temperature, and the service life is longer; the main energy consumption of the method is heat preservation power consumption and the power consumption of the stirrer drive, the crucible does not need to be heated, the energy consumption is low, the crucible is integrally cooled, the cooling of the stirring crystallizer belongs to local cooling, and the energy loss is small.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a lifting mechanism provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention after being pulled and purified;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and that the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration when describing the embodiments of the present invention, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a lifting mechanism, which includes a lifting unit 100, including a lifting motor 101, where the lifting motor 101 is located on a main bracket 102, an output end of the lifting motor 102 is fixedly connected with a lead screw 103, the lead screw 103 is in threaded connection with a sliding bracket 104, one side of the sliding bracket 104 is fixedly connected with a sliding block pair 105, and the sliding block pair 105 is in sliding connection with a guide pillar 106.
The sliding bracket 104 includes a first bracket 104a and a second bracket 104b, and the second bracket 104b is provided with a bearing 104c.
The lifting mechanism is a screw rod lifting mechanism, that is, the lifting motor 101 drives the screw rod 103 to rotate, and the sliding bracket 104 and the sliding block pair 105 can be ensured to realize vertical linear motion along the guide post 106 through the sliding bracket 104 and the sliding block pair 105 which are connected through threads.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides an aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism, including the pulling mechanism of embodiment 1, and further including a heating unit 200, including a crucible 201, where the crucible 201 is located in a holding furnace 202, and a plurality of heating wires 203 are uniformly arranged on a sidewall of an inner cavity of the holding furnace 202; the crystallization unit 300 is located inside the crucible 201 and comprises a stirring crystallizer 301, one end of the stirring crystallizer 301 is soaked in the aluminum water L in the crucible 201, the other end of the stirring crystallizer 301 is connected with a bearing 104c in a matching mode, a cooling pipe 302 is arranged in the stirring crystallizer 301, the stirring crystallizer 301 is connected with a stirring motor 303 through a transmission belt 303a, and the stirring motor 303 is located on the first support 104 a.
The surface of the stirring crystallizer 301 is coated or sprayed with a protective coating B, and a crystallization block X can be attached in the purification process.
Inside the cooling tube 302 is a cooling gas G.
In the whole purification process, the crucible 201 is always maintained at a constant temperature by the heat preservation furnace 202, no cold and hot impact exists, the crucible is used at a constant temperature, and the service life is longer; the cooling of the molten aluminum L is realized by stirring the cooling pipe 302 of the crystallizer 301.
Through the protective coating B, on one hand, the stirring crystallizer 301 is prevented from being damaged or falling off impurities to influence the quality of the crystallization block X, and on the other hand, the purified crystallization block X is easier to separate from the stirring crystallizer 301. Even if the protective coating B is worn out and brushed or sprayed again, the consumable materials are relatively saved, and the stirring crystallizer 301 can be repeatedly utilized.
Because the stirring crystallizer 301 is driven by the stirring motor 303 to rotate, the rotating speed of the stirring motor 303 is consistent with that of the stirring crystallizer 301, and the rotating speed of the stirring crystallizer 301 can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring motor 303.
The sliding support 104 comprises a first support 104a, the first support 104a is used for bearing a stirring motor 303, the first support 104a ascends and descends to drive the stirring motor 303 to ascend and descend, the stirring crystallizer 301 is driven by the stirring motor 303 to rotate through a transmission belt 303a, and the first support 104a and the stirring crystallizer 301 can be regarded as a whole, namely the stirring crystallizer 301 ascends and descends synchronously along with the stirring motor 303, the stirring crystallizer 301 penetrates through a second support 104b, and a bearing 104c is arranged on the second support 104b, so that the stirring crystallizer 301 does not interfere with the rotating stirring of the stirring crystallizer 301 when ascending and descending.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in embodiment 2, including the steps of: pouring the molten aluminum L into a crucible 201, and keeping the temperature and standing for 5-30Min by a holding furnace 202; preheating the stirring crystallizer 301 for the first time; lowering the stirring crystallizer 301 to a position 1-3mm away from the liquid level of the molten aluminum L and preheating for the second time; starting a stirring motor 303, rotating at 40rpm, and continuously descending and stirring the crystallizer 301 to insert the crystallizer into the molten aluminum L; cooling gas G is filled in the cooling pipe 203 for cooling; after stirring for 15min, lifting the stirred crystallizer 301 upwards by a lifting motor 101 at a constant speed or intermittently; gradually increasing the rotating speed of the stirring motor 303 to 70rpm, and finishing purification when the bottom end of the stirring crystallizer 301 is away from the molten aluminum L; separating the crystallization block X attached to the surface of the stirring crystallizer 301, supplementing or replacing the molten aluminum L in the crucible 201, and repeating the steps to purify in the next period.
The temperature of the holding furnace 202 is set to be more than 660 ℃, and the stirring crystallizer 301 is preheated to 100-200 ℃ for the first time and is preheated to 250-400 ℃ for the second time.
The flow rate of the cooling gas G inside the cooling pipe 302 is 0 to 50L/min.
The rotation speed of the stirring motor 303 is 40 to 70rpm.
The pulling speed output by the pulling motor is 1-1.5 cm/min, the pulling time is 15min, or intermittent motion is adopted, namely pulling is 1-1.5cm every 1 min.
The method takes common aluminum with the purity of 2N7 or above as a raw material, and the aluminum water L is kept at 660 ℃ in the crucible 101 for standing for 5-30min before purification, so as to ensure that impurities in the aluminum water L are uniformly distributed and stable, and the temperature of the aluminum water L is stable.
Descending the stirring crystallizer 301 to insert the stirring crystallizer into the molten aluminum L, quickly generating a first chromatographic crystal X on the surface of the stirring crystallizer 301, growing the first chromatographic crystal X at a crystallization thickness of 6mm/min, and uniformly diffusing impurities in the molten aluminum L into the solution under the stirring effect to avoid concentration enrichment of an impurity layer. In order to purify and crystallize, the cooling stirring crystallizer 301 needs to be cooled to form a temperature gradient, a cooling gas G is introduced into a cooling pipe 302 in the stirring crystallizer 301 to realize cooling, and the cooling speed can be adjusted through the gas flow, so that the crystallization speed is controlled.
Stirring for 15min, gradually growing a crystallization block X on the surface of the stirring crystallizer 301, wherein the crystal block X is in a shape like an inverted cone with a wide top and a narrow bottom as shown in the attached drawing 1, then starting to pull the stirring crystallizer 301 upwards, wherein the pulling speed can be adjusted according to the crystallization speed, and the pulling time is 15min; it is to be noted that the pulling process is continued while the stirring process is continued, so that the total stirring time is 30min.
With the traction of the pulling motor 101, a crystallization block X continuously grows on the stirring crystallizer 301, as shown in fig. 2, the concentration of impurities in the molten aluminum L is also continuously increased, the stirring rotation speed is gradually increased by 70rpm, when the bottom end of the stirring crystallizer 301 leaves the molten aluminum L, the purification is finished, high-purity aluminum adheres to the stirring crystallizer 301, the impurities are separated and remain in the crucible 201, the crystallization block X is transferred elsewhere to be demoulded or remelted to produce an aluminum ingot, the stirring crystallizer 301 is taken out for reuse, and the molten aluminum in the crucible 201 is cleaned and poured out to produce the aluminum ingot for other use. The purity of more than 3N can be realized by one-time purification, and the purity of 4N-5N and more can be realized by multiple times of purification. And repeating the purification operation of the next period, wherein the steps are the same as above.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, this example provides an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in example 2, and based on example 2, the cooling process of the cooling gas G and the pulling process of the stirring crystallizer 301 are cancelled, and the stirring rotation speed is always 40rpm.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism is provided based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in embodiment 2, and based on embodiment 2, a cooling process of a cooling gas G is cancelled, a pulling speed of 1cm/min in the pulling process of the stirred crystallizer 301 is kept constant, and a stirring rotation speed is always 40rpm.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this example, an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism was provided based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in example 2, in which a cooling flow rate of cooling gas G was kept at 50L/min, a pulling speed of stirring crystallizer 301 during pulling was kept at 1cm/min, and a stirring rotation speed was always 40rpm, based on example 2.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this example, an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism is provided based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in example 2, the cooling flow rate of the cooling gas G is kept at 50L/min, the pulling speed of the stirring crystallizer 301 in the pulling process is kept at 1.5cm/min, and the stirring rotation speed is always 40rpm.
Example 8
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this example, an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism is provided based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in example 2, the cooling flow rate of the cooling gas G is kept at 50L/min, the pulling speed of the stirring crystallizer 301 in the pulling process is kept at 1.5cm/min, and the stirring rotation speed is increased to 70rpm in the pulling process.
Example 9
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present example provides an aluminum purification method using a pulling mechanism based on the aluminum purification apparatus using a pulling mechanism described in example 2, compared to the conventional purification method, i.e., a side wall cooling method or a bottom cooling method is used instead of the pulling method, the cooling flow rate of the cooling gas G is maintained at 100 to 800L/min, the stirring rotation speed is maintained at 100 to 300rpm, and table 1 shows comparative data of the purification rate, the crystallization time, the actual yield and the power consumption of examples 4 to 8 and the conventional purification method.
TABLE 1 comparison of examples 4-8 with conventional processes in terms of purification, crystallization time, actual yield and electricity consumption
Note:
purification rate = (concentration before purification-concentration after purification) ÷ concentration before purification
Crystallization time: from the beginning of purification to the end of purification
The actual yield = the weight of the purified finished product ÷ the total weight of the aluminum liquid before purification
The purification rate is expressed by the impurity content, that is, the less the impurities after purification are, the closer the (concentration before purification-concentration after purification) is to the concentration before purification, the closer to 1, so that the closer to 1 the purification rate is, the better the aluminum purification effect is.
Analyzing the table data:
1. in example 5, the purification rate was almost the same as that in example 4, but the yield was doubled. The reason is that the crystal after being pulled leaves the aluminum liquid, the temperature of the crystal exposed in the air is far lower than the melting point, and the temperature difference is increased to increase the crystallization amount;
2. in example 6, on the basis of example 5, the purification rate is decreased by adding 50L/min of aeration cooling, because the impurity is solidified by crystallization without diffusing into the liquid phase in time, but the actual yield is doubled and increased, because of increasing cooling, the crystallization speed is increased, and the crystallization amount is also increased;
3. in example 7, the pulling rate was increased to 1.5cm/min based on example 6, the purification rate was nearly indistinguishable, and the yield decreased because the stirring crystallization time was shortened after the pulling was accelerated;
4. in example 8, in addition to example 7, when the stirring speed was increased to 70rpm, the purification rate was almost indistinguishable, and the yield was decreased to 15%, because the stirring speed was increased, the centripetal force on the crystal face was increased, and the crystals were thrown off and were not easily attached.
In summary, it can be seen that:
1. the purification rate is mainly influenced by the cooling rate and the rotating speed;
2. the actual yield is influenced by the cooling flow, the rotating speed and the pulling speed, but the purification rate and the actual yield cannot be simultaneously improved, such as increasing the cooling rate and improving the actual yield, but the purification rate is reduced, such as improving the rotating speed and improving the purification rate, but the actual yield is reduced; therefore, different process parameters are selected according to different requirements. Under other equivalent conditions, the pulling rate is controlled independently, as in examples 6 and 7, the purification rate is not affected by the pulling rate, the pulling rate is controlled reasonably, and the yield can be maximized in the shortest time.
3. In any of examples 4 to 8, the actual yield can be significantly improved by the pulling operation as compared with the conventional method, and the actual yield is slightly lower than that of the conventional method, but the time consumption is shorter, the energy consumption is lower, and the high-efficiency purification is realized.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not have been described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A lifting mechanism is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the lifting unit (100) comprises a lifting motor (101), the lifting motor (101) is located on a main support (102), the output end of the lifting motor (102) is fixedly connected with a screw rod (103), the screw rod (103) is in threaded connection with a sliding support (104), one side of the sliding support (104) is fixedly connected with a sliding block pair (105), and the sliding block pair (105) is in sliding connection with a guide post (106).
2. The pulling mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the sliding support (104) comprises a first support (104 a) and a second support (104 b), and a bearing (104 c) is arranged on the second support (104 b).
3. The utility model provides an use aluminium purification device that draws mechanism which characterized in that: comprising a pulling mechanism as set forth in claim 1 or 2; and the number of the first and second groups,
the heating unit (200) comprises a crucible (201), the crucible (201) is positioned in a heat preservation furnace (202), and a plurality of heating wires (203) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of an inner cavity of the heat preservation furnace (202);
the crystallization unit (300) is positioned in the crucible (201) and comprises a stirring crystallizer (301), one end of the stirring crystallizer (301) is soaked in the aluminum water (L) in the crucible (201), the other end of the stirring crystallizer is connected with a bearing (104 c) in a matching mode, a cooling pipe (302) is arranged in the stirring crystallizer (301), the stirring crystallizer (301) is connected with a stirring motor (303) through a transmission belt (303 a), and the stirring motor (303) is positioned on a first support (104 a).
4. The aluminum purifying apparatus using a pulling mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the surface of the stirring crystallizer (301) is coated or sprayed with a protective coating (B), and a crystallization block (X) can be attached in the purification process.
5. The aluminum purifying apparatus using a pulling mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: the cooling gas (G) is arranged inside the cooling pipe (302).
6. An aluminum purification method using a lifting mechanism is characterized in that: the method is realized by the device of any one of claims 3 to 5, comprising the following steps,
pouring the molten aluminum (L) into the crucible (201), and keeping the temperature for 5-30min through the holding furnace (202);
preheating the stirred crystallizer (301) for the first time;
lowering the stirring crystallizer (301) to a position 1-3mm away from the liquid level of the molten aluminum (L) and preheating for the second time;
starting the stirring motor (303), rotating at 40rpm, and continuously descending the stirring crystallizer (301) to insert the stirring crystallizer into the molten aluminum (L);
filling the cooling gas (G) into the cooling pipe (302) for cooling;
after stirring for 15min, uniformly or intermittently pulling the stirring crystallizer (201) upwards by the pulling motor (101);
gradually increasing the rotating speed of the stirring motor (303) to 70rpm, and finishing purification when the bottom end of the stirring crystallizer (301) leaves the molten aluminum (L);
separating the crystallization block (X) attached to the surface of the stirring crystallizer (301), supplementing or replacing the molten aluminum (L) in the crucible (101), and repeating the steps to purify in the next period.
7. The method of purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: the temperature of the heat preservation furnace (202) is set to be more than 660 ℃, the stirring crystallizer (201) is preheated to 100-200 ℃ for the first time and is preheated to 250-400 ℃ for the second time.
8. The method of purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to claim 7, wherein: the flow rate of the cooling gas (G) in the cooling pipe (302) is 0-50L/min.
9. The method of purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: the rotating speed of the stirring motor (303) is 40-70 rpm.
10. The method of purifying aluminum using a pulling mechanism according to claim 9, wherein: the pulling speed output by the pulling motor (101) is 1-1.5 cm/min, the pulling time is 15min, or intermittent motion is adopted, namely pulling is carried out for 1-1.5cm every 1 min.
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| US5736096A (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1998-04-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for purifying metal |
| JPH11264029A (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-28 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Method for refining aluminum and refining apparatus thereof |
| CN101463428A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | High purity aluminum ultrasonic purification method |
| CN103833038A (en) * | 2014-03-08 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Method for purifying silicon through semi-continuous crystallization in silicon alloy melt |
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2022
- 2022-06-17 CN CN202210684834.3A patent/CN115261970A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5736096A (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1998-04-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for purifying metal |
| JPH11264029A (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-28 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Method for refining aluminum and refining apparatus thereof |
| CN101463428A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | High purity aluminum ultrasonic purification method |
| CN103833038A (en) * | 2014-03-08 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Method for purifying silicon through semi-continuous crystallization in silicon alloy melt |
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Application publication date: 20221101 |