CN115261740A - High-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 15
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/005—Selecting particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of steel preparation, wherein the chemical components of the heat-resistant steel comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.3 to 0.75 percent of Si, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, 38 to 41 percent of Ni, 17 to 21 percent of Cr, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; by adding 0.5-1.5% of metal tungsten and performing synergism with other components, the high-temperature creep property of the heat-resistant steel material is broken through, the high-temperature creep rupture time at 800 ℃ and 900 ℃ is improved by 4-5 times, and the problem that the heat-resistant steel cracks due to insufficient high-temperature creep property is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel preparation, and particularly relates to high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The high-temperature strength and the high-temperature creep are two important indexes for evaluating the high-temperature performance of a heat-resistant steel material, under the common conditions, the high-temperature creep can more effectively indicate the strain tendency and the fracture life of the material when the material is used at high temperature for a long time, the turbocharger shell is mainly made of heat-resistant steels 1.4826, 1.4837, 1.4848 and 1.4849, the turbocharger shell works at high temperature for a long time, the normal working temperature is 800-900 ℃, particularly in the test process of an engine pedestal, the test conditions are extremely harsh, and the turbocharger shell is easy to crack due to insufficient high-temperature creep performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the heat-resistant steel cracks due to insufficient high-temperature creep property.
The embodiment of the invention provides high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.3 to 0.75 percent of Si, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, 38 to 41 percent of Ni, 17 to 21 percent of Cr, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Optionally, the chemical composition of the heat-resistant steel comprises, in mass fraction: c:0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 1.8 to 2.2 percent of Mn, 0.9 to 1.1 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 38.5 to 39.5 percent of Ni, 18.5 to 20 percent of Cr, 1.3 to 1.4 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Optionally, the chemical composition of the heat-resistant steel comprises, in mass fraction: c:0.33 to 0.37 percent of Si, 1.9 to 2.1 percent of Mn, 0.95 to 1.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 38.7 to 39.3 percent of Ni, 19 to 19.5 percent of Cr, 1.33 to 1.37 percent of Nb, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.2 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Optionally, the chemical composition of the heat-resistant steel comprises, in mass fraction: c:0.35%, 1.97% of Si, 1.05% of Mn, 0.0259% of P, 0.00354% of S, 40.2% of Ni, 19.8% of Cr, 1.34% of Nb, 0.21% of Mo, 0.96% of W, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Optionally, the microstructure of the heat-resistant steel is, in terms of volume fraction: 95-97% of austenite matrix and 3-5% of carbide.
Optionally, the grain size of the austenite matrix is 88-125 μm, and the grain size of the carbide is 62-88 μm.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out converter smelting on the molten iron to obtain converter molten steel;
refining the converter molten steel to obtain refined molten steel;
and carrying out continuous casting and continuous rolling on the refined molten steel to obtain the heat-resistant steel.
Optionally, the smelting temperature of the converter is 1700-1750 ℃, and the smelting time of the converter is 60-70min.
Optionally, the refining temperature is 1680-1720 ℃, and the refining time is 20-30min.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a turbocharger shell, and the material of the turbocharger shell is the high-temperature creep performance heat-resistant steel.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention, 0.5% -1.5% of metal tungsten is added to be cooperated with other components, so that the high-temperature creep property of the heat-resistant steel material is broken through, the high-temperature creep rupture time at 800 ℃ and 900 ℃ is improved by 4-5 times, and the problem that the heat-resistant steel cracks due to insufficient high-temperature creep property is solved.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description so as to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, and the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the high temperature creep results at 800 ℃ for the steel provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of high temperature creep at 900 ℃ of the steel provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of high temperature creep at 800 ℃ of the steel provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of high temperature creep at 900 ℃ of the steel provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly presented thereby. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention may be commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a high temperature creep performance heat resistant steel whose chemical composition includes, in mass fraction: c:0.3 to 0.75 percent of Si, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, 38 to 41 percent of Ni, 17 to 21 percent of Cr, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
C is an element that strongly forms and stabilizes austenite and expands the austenite region in austenitic stainless steel, and carbon has 30 times the capacity of forming austenite as compared with nickel. The reason for controlling the mass fraction of C to 0.3% -0.75% is that in austenitic stainless steels, carbon is generally considered a detrimental element because, during welding or heating to 450-850 degrees, carbon can form Cr23C6 type carbides with the chromium in the steel, resulting in localized chromium depletion, which reduces the intergranular corrosion resistance of the steel;
silicon is an indispensable important alloy element in chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel for resisting corrosion of chloride and concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Silicon improves corrosion resistance in austenitic stainless steels, and another important role is to significantly improve the steel's resistance to high temperature concentrated sulfuric acid (93% H) 2 SO 4 ～98％H 2 SO 4 ) The corrosion resistance in (1) is based on the mechanism that a stable silicon-rich oxide film is formed on the surface of the steel;
in the nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel, manganese is a very important alloy element, and the manganese is mainly used for being compounded with elements which strongly form austenite, such as nitrogen, nickel and the like and added into the steel so as to save nickel in the austenitic stainless steel;
phosphorus in stainless steel generally refers to harmful impurities, and the phosphorus obviously reduces the nitric acid corrosion resistance of the chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel in various concentrations in a solid solution state and a sensitized state;
sulfur is mainly considered as a harmful impurity in austenitic stainless steels and its content is limited to less than 0.03% to 0.035%. However, sulfur is considered as an alloying element in free-cutting stainless steel because the addition of sulfur improves the machinability of the steel. The harmful effect of sulfur is mainly to reduce the thermoplasticity of austenitic stainless steel, influence the hot workability and reduce the corrosion resistance;
ni is a main alloy element in the austenitic stainless steel, wherein the main purpose is to form and stabilize austenite, so that a complete austenite structure is obtained, the austenitic stainless steel has good strength, plasticity and toughness and has excellent cold and hot workability, weldability, low temperature and non-magnetism, and the nickel can also obviously reduce the cold work hardening tendency of the austenitic stainless steel. The nickel can improve the oxidation film component, structure and performance of chromium, thereby improving the performance of the austenitic stainless steel against oxidation media. But the high temperature vulcanization resistance of the steel is reduced due to the formation of low melting point nickel sulfide at grain boundaries in the steel;
in austenitic stainless steels, chromium is an element that strongly forms and stabilizes ferrite, which can narrow the austenitic region. In a chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel, when the carbon content is 0.1% and the chromium content is 18%, a minimum of 8% nickel is required to obtain a stable single austenitic structure, and chromium increases the solubility of carbon and reduces the chromium depletion, so that an increased chromium content is beneficial for the intergranular corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel. Chromium also improves the pitting corrosion resistance and crevice corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel. Therefore, the greatest effect of chromium on the performance of austenitic stainless steels is corrosion resistance. The chromium can improve the performance of the steel against oxidation media and acid chloride media, and can improve the performance of the steel against some reducing media such as organic acid and alkali media under the composite action of nickel, molybdenum and copper.
Niobium is added primarily as a stabilizing element to prevent sensitized intergranular corrosion from occurring. The addition of niobium may improve the strength, including high temperature strength, of the austenitic stainless steel. Niobium is not as easily oxidized and nitrided as titanium, and therefore austenitic stainless steel containing niobium is often used as a welding material.
The function of the molybdenum is mainly to improve the steel in a reducing medium (such as H) 2 SO 4 、H 2 PO 4 And some organic acid and urea environments) and improve the pitting corrosion resistance, crevice corrosion resistance, and the like of the steel. The hot workability of the molybdenum-containing stainless steel is inferior to that of the molybdenum-free stainless steel, and the higher the molybdenum content is, the worse the hot workability is. In addition, X (σ) precipitates are easily formed in the molybdenum-containing austenitic stainless steel, which deteriorates the plasticity and toughness of the steel. The pitting corrosion resistance and crevice corrosion resistance of molybdenum are about 3 times of those of chromium.
Tungsten is a refractory metal with the highest melting point (3387 ℃) and is in the same group with chromium and molybdenum in the periodic table. The behaviour in steel is also similar to molybdenum, i.e. the austenite phase region is reduced and it is a strong carbide former, partly solid-soluble in iron. The special carbide of tungsten prevents the growth of steel grains and reduces the overheating sensitivity of steel. Tungsten significantly improves the temper stability of the steel. Tungsten improves the tempering resistance of the steel, and carbides are very hard, so that the wear resistance of the steel is improved, and the steel has certain hot hardness. Improve the creep resistance of the steel at high temperature.
By adopting the design, the high-temperature creep strength of the material is increased by adding the elements for improving the high-temperature creep property of the material.
In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the heat resistant steel comprises, in mass fractions: c:0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 1.8 to 2.2 percent of Mn, 0.9 to 1.1 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 38.5 to 39.5 percent of Ni, 18.5 to 20 percent of Cr, 1.3 to 1.4 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
More preferably, the chemical components of the heat-resistant steel comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.33 to 0.37 percent of Si, 1.9 to 2.1 percent of Mn, 0.95 to 1.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 38.7 to 39.3 percent of Ni, 19 to 19.5 percent of Cr, 1.33 to 1.37 percent of Nb, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.2 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Further, the chemical composition of the heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.35%, si 1.97%, mn 1.05%, P0.0259%, S0.00354%, ni 40.2%, cr 19.8%, nb 1.34%, mo 0.21%, W0.96%, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a high temperature creep performance heat resistant steel as described above, the method including:
s1, smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel;
s2, refining the converter molten steel to obtain refined molten steel;
and S3, carrying out continuous casting and continuous rolling on the refined molten steel to obtain the heat-resistant steel.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a turbocharger housing made of the material of the high temperature creep performance heat resistant steel as described above.
The high temperature creep property heat resistant steel of the present application, the method of producing the same and the use thereof will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
Example 1
The chemical components of the high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel are shown in the following table in percentage by mass:
| C(％) | Si(％) | Mn(％) | P(％) | S(％) | Ni(％) | Cr(％) | Nb(％) | Mo(％) | W(％) |
| 0.35 | 1.97 | 1.05 | 0.0259 | 0.00354 | 40.2 | 19.8 | 1.34 | 0.21 | 0.96 |
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Example 2
The chemical components of the high-temperature creep property heat-resistant steel are shown in the following table in percentage by mass:
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Example 3
The chemical components of the heat-resistant steel with high-temperature creep property are shown in the following table in mass fraction:
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Comparative example 1
The chemical components of the heat-resistant steel with high-temperature creep property are shown in the following table in mass fraction:
| C(％) | Si(％) | Mn(％) | P(％) | S(％) | Ni(％) | Cr(％) | Nb(％) | Mo(％) |
| 0.39 | 1.97 | 1.02 | 0.022 | 0.007 | 40.2 | 19.8 | 1.4 | 0.01 |
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Examples of the experiments
The heat-resistant steels provided in example 1 and comparative example 1 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in the following table:
from the above table, the heat-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the present application has a high-temperature creep rupture time of 800 ℃ and 900 ℃ which is 4 to 5 times higher than that of the heat-resistant steel in the prior art.
Detailed description of the drawings 1-4:
as shown in FIG. 1, which is a graph showing the high temperature creep results at 800 ℃ of the steel provided in example 1, the original scheme 800 ℃ high temperature creep property is lower than the standard value;
as shown in FIG. 2, which is a graph showing the high temperature creep results at 900 ℃ of the steel provided in example 1, the high temperature creep property at 900 ℃ of the original scheme is lower than the standard value;
as shown in FIG. 3, a graph of the high temperature creep results at 800 ℃ of the steel provided for comparative example 1 can be obtained, and the high temperature creep performance at 800 ℃ of the optimized scheme is higher than a standard value;
as shown in FIG. 4, the high temperature creep results of the steel provided for comparative example 1 at 900 ℃ are shown, and the high temperature creep performance of the optimized plan at 900 ℃ is higher than the standard value.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) According to the heat-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention, 0.5% -1.5% of metal tungsten is added into the components, the component ranges in other standards are adjusted, and the high-temperature creep rupture time at 800 ℃ and 900 ℃ is improved by 4-5 times through component adjustment;
(2) The heat-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the breakthrough of high-temperature creep property, can open the gap between the heat-resistant steel and a competitor, and improves the market share of products.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature creep-property heat-resistant steel, characterized by comprising, in mass fraction: c:0.3 to 0.75 percent of Si, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, 38 to 41 percent of Ni, 17 to 21 percent of Cr, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. A high temperature creep property heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the chemical composition of the heat resistant steel comprises in mass fraction: c:0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 1.8 to 2.2 percent of Mn, 0.9 to 1.1 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 38.5 to 39.5 percent of Ni, 18.5 to 20 percent of Cr, 1.3 to 1.4 percent of Nb, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. A high temperature creep property heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the chemical composition of the heat resistant steel comprises in mass fraction: c:0.33 to 0.37 percent of Si, 1.9 to 2.1 percent of Mn, 0.95 to 1.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 38.7 to 39.3 percent of Ni, 19 to 19.5 percent of Cr, 1.33 to 1.37 percent of Nb, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Mo, 0.7 to 1.2 percent of W, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
4. A high temperature creep property heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the chemical composition of the heat resistant steel comprises in mass fraction: c:0.35%, 1.97% of Si, 1.05% of Mn, 0.0259% of P, 0.00354% of S, 40.2% of Ni, 19.8% of Cr, 1.34% of Nb, 0.21% of Mo, 0.96% of W, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
5. A high temperature creep property heat resistant steel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microstructure of the heat resistant steel is, in volume fraction: 95-97% of austenite matrix and 3-5% of carbide.
6. A high temperature creep performance heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 5, wherein said austenite matrix has a grain size of 88-125 μm and said carbide has a grain size of 62-88 μm.
7. A method of producing a high temperature creep performance heat resistant steel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, said method including:
smelting the molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel;
refining the converter molten steel to obtain refined molten steel;
and carrying out continuous casting and continuous rolling on the refined molten steel to obtain the heat-resistant steel.
8. The method for preparing high temperature creep property heat resistant steel according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of converter smelting is 1700-1750 ℃, and the time of converter smelting is 60-70min.
9. The method for preparing high temperature creep property heat resistant steel according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the refining is 1680-1720 ℃ and the time of the refining is 20-30min.
10. A turbocharger housing, characterized in that the material of the housing is a high temperature creep performance heat resistant steel according to any one of claims 1-6.
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| JPH03236448A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Cr-ni series heat resistant steel |
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| US20090053100A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2009-02-26 | Pankiw Roman I | Cast heat-resistant austenitic steel with improved temperature creep properties and balanced alloying element additions and methodology for development of the same |
| CN111394663A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-10 | 烟台玛努尔高温合金有限公司 | Heat-resistant iron-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03236448A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Cr-ni series heat resistant steel |
| JPH0593239A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-16 | Kubota Corp | Tube for thermal cracking and reforming reaction for hydrocarbons |
| JP2005320606A (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Austenitic steel casting and its production method |
| JP2006118048A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2006-05-11 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Exhaust system part for engine with excellent thermal fatigue resistance |
| CN101300371A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2008-11-05 | 株式会社久保田 | Heat-resistant alloy capable of depositing fine Ti-Nb-Cr carbide or Ti-Nb-Zr-Cr carbide |
| US20090053100A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2009-02-26 | Pankiw Roman I | Cast heat-resistant austenitic steel with improved temperature creep properties and balanced alloying element additions and methodology for development of the same |
| CN111394663A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-10 | 烟台玛努尔高温合金有限公司 | Heat-resistant iron-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
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