CN115261719A - Low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve and machining process thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve and machining process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115261719A CN115261719A CN202210523607.2A CN202210523607A CN115261719A CN 115261719 A CN115261719 A CN 115261719A CN 202210523607 A CN202210523607 A CN 202210523607A CN 115261719 A CN115261719 A CN 115261719A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- 229910002544 Fe-Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229910017061 Fe Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- F16C2204/62—Low carbon steel, i.e. carbon content below 0.4 wt%
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/02—Shaping by casting
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve and a processing technology thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of bow outer shaft sleeves, wherein the bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following elements: C. si, mn, ni, mo, V, P, S, cr, nb, ta, hf, co. According to the invention, tantalum metal can be reinforced by adding tantalum, mo, nb and V into the steel alloy, the toughness of the steel alloy under a low-temperature condition can be increased, then the use of C is matched, the thermodynamic stability of tantalum is increased, nucleation can be effectively promoted, carbon precipitation in a nucleation brittle film generated in the later solidification stage of the steel alloy is avoided, the slippage of a crystal boundary can be prevented by adding Hf metal into the steel alloy, the creep resistance of the steel alloy can be further increased, then the metal tantalum and the surface of an alloy material can form an oxide film, the oxidation of the steel alloy can be effectively prevented, the enrichment of silicon generated on a solid-liquid interface is avoided by adding cobalt, and the generation of silicon reactivity during hot dip galvanizing of silicon-containing steel is inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of outer stem sleeves, in particular to a low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The outer sleeve is an important part in a ship, is generally used for the front end part of the ship, and is mainly made of 06Ni9D and 06Ni9D, wherein the 06Ni9D is low-carbon quenched and tempered steel, martensite and bainite, and the mark of European standard, and a steel plate containing 9Ni is mainly used for the construction of a low-temperature storage tank and belongs to low-temperature steel. The 9Ni steel is mainly used for manufacturing liquefied natural gas (LING) storage tanks and transport ships, and the transport ships are used for carrying passengers and goods and are also called commercial ships. As a transport means, ships have advantages of large carrying capacity and low operation cost compared with other transport means. With the development of the world economy, modern transport vessels have formed a huge fleet of vessels of various, technically complex and highly specialized types but with the increase of service time, the low temperature resistance of steel and its corrosion resistance are significantly reduced with the increase of service time. Particularly, as fluid machines such as ships and water turbines are continuously developed to high speed and high power, higher requirements are provided for the comprehensive mechanical properties of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve and a processing technology thereof, and the invention aims to solve the problems that: how to improve the low temperature resistance and the corrosion resistance of the outer shaft sleeve of the bow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.02 to 0.08%, si:0.15-0.35%, mn:0.3-0.8%, ni:8.5-10%, mo:0.02-0.1%, V:0.005-0.01%, P:0.001-0.008% S:0.001-0.004%, cr:0.3-0.39%, nb:0.15-0.6%, ta:0.2-0.6%, hf:0.1-0.5%, co:0.1-0.4%, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: c:0.04-0.06%, si:0.2-0.3%, mn:0.5-0.6%, ni:9-9.5%, mo:0.03-0.08%, V:0.006-0.008%, P:0.002-0.006%, S:0.002-0.003%, cr:0.34-0.35%, nb:0.3-0.4%, ta:0.35-0.45%, hf:0.2-0.4%, co:0.2-0.3%, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: c:0.05%, si:0.25%, mn:0.55%, ni:9.25%, mo:0.06%, V:0.0075%, P:0.0045%, S:0.0025%, cr:0.345%, nb:0.375%, ta:0.4%, hf:0.3%, co:0.25%, and the balance of iron and other unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: the other inevitable impurities are Cu, and the total content of Cr, cu and Mo is not more than 0.5%.
A processing technology of a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing a proper amount of pure carbon, pure iron, pure phosphorus, pure sulfur, fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Cr intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy, fe-Hf intermediate alloy and Fe-Co intermediate alloy according to the components of the low-temperature resistant steel alloy for later use;
step two: firstly, taking out and drying oxide layers on the surfaces of Fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy and Fe-Hf intermediate alloy in the step one, then putting pure iron and Fe-Co intermediate alloy into a melting furnace for heating and melting to obtain a solution A, then cooling, pouring pure phosphorus, pure carbon and pure sulfur into the solution A after cooling is finished, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution B;
step three: heating the mixed solution B obtained in the second step again, sequentially adding Fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy for melting to obtain a molten solution, adding a desulfurizing agent and a dephosphorizing agent into the molten solution, stirring uniformly, and removing slag to obtain a steel alloy melt;
step four: pouring the steel alloy melt obtained in the third step into a forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve, and then cooling and forming;
step five: placing the formed steel alloy obtained in the fourth step into an environment with the temperature of 500-560 ℃ for treatment, taking out and then carrying out quenching treatment by using hot water with the temperature of 110-130 ℃;
step six: and (3) carrying out tool bushing on the formed bow outer sleeve obtained in the fourth step, then preheating a tool punch, carrying out two-upsetting and two-drawing on the preheated blank forge piece, then placing the drawn round blank into the bushing, carrying out local upsetting again, then carrying out punching and rounding, finally carrying out leveling to obtain the low-temperature-resistant bow outer sleeve, and finally carrying out a galvanizing process on the bow outer sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment: and weighing the Fe-Si intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mn intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ni intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy, the Fe-V intermediate alloy, the Fe-Cr intermediate alloy, the Fe-Nb intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ta intermediate alloy, the Fe-Hf intermediate alloy and the Fe-Co intermediate alloy weighed in the step one according to the contents of Si, mn, ni, mo, V, cr, nb, ta, hf and Co respectively.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature reduction in the second step is 700-800 ℃, and the stirring speed in the second step is 700-1000r/min.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature rise in the third step is 1200-1400 ℃, and the desulfurizing agents in the third step are CaO and Na2CO3Or SiO2Wherein the dephosphorizing agent in the third step is Ca or CaC2Or one of CaSi, the sum of the addition amounts of the desulfurizing agent and the dephosphorizing agent is 1-2.5% of the weight of the melt, and the weight ratio of the desulfurizing agent to the dephosphorizing agent is 1: (1.1-1.4).
In a preferred embodiment: and in the fourth step, when the steel alloy melt is poured, the forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve is preheated to 240-360 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after preheating in the sixth step is 400-600 ℃, the cylindrical grinding machine is used for carrying out a rounding process on the round blank in the sixth step, and the planisher is used for planishing the blank in the sixth step.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. according to the low-temperature-resistant bow outer sleeve prepared by adopting the raw material formula, the metals such as Cr, nb, ta, hf and Co are added into the steel alloy, so that the low-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance and toughness of the bow outer sleeve are improved, firstly, the tantalum metal can be strengthened by the metals such as tantalum, mo, nb and V added into the steel alloy, the toughness of the steel alloy under the low-temperature condition can be improved, then, the C is used in a matching manner, the thermodynamic stability of tantalum is improved, nucleation can be effectively promoted, carbon precipitation in a nuclear crystal brittle film generated in the later solidification stage of the steel alloy is avoided, and by adding the Hf metal into the steel alloy, the grain boundary slippage can be prevented, so that the creep resistance of the steel alloy can be improved, and secondly, the metal tantalum can form an oxide film with the surface of an alloy material, so that the oxidation of the steel alloy can be effectively prevented;
2. according to the invention, a loose zeta-phase layer in a steel alloy inner plating layer structure is converted into a cobalt-rich zeta-phase directly contacted with a liquid phase and a compact zeta-phase generated by consuming a delta phase through the addition of cobalt, the compact zeta-phase layer prevents the direct contact of the liquid phase and the delta phase, the silicon enrichment generated on a solid-liquid interface is avoided, a liquid phase channel disappears, the generation of silicon reactivity during the hot dip galvanizing of silicon-containing steel is inhibited, and meanwhile, ni and Co are added into a steel alloy material to play a barrier role on the steel alloy, so that a corrosion-resistant passive film is formed in the steel alloy, and the corrosion resistance of the steel alloy is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bow outer sleeve of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.02%, si:0.15%, mn:0.3%, ni:8.5%, mo:0.02%, V:0.005%, P:0.001%, S:0.001%, cr:0.3%, nb:0.15%, ta:0.2%, hf:0.1%, co:0.1% and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: the other inevitable impurities are Cu, and the total content of Cr, cu and Mo is not more than 0.5%.
A processing technology of a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing a proper amount of pure carbon, pure iron, pure phosphorus, pure sulfur, fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Cr intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy, fe-Hf intermediate alloy and Fe-Co intermediate alloy according to the components of the low-temperature resistant steel alloy for later use;
step two: firstly, taking out and drying oxide layers on the surfaces of Fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy and Fe-Hf intermediate alloy in the step one, then putting pure iron and Fe-Co intermediate alloy into a melting furnace for heating and melting to obtain a solution A, then cooling, pouring pure phosphorus, pure carbon and pure sulfur into the solution A after cooling is finished, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution B;
step three: heating the mixed solution B obtained in the second step again, then sequentially adding Fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy for melting to obtain a molten solution, then adding a desulfurizing agent and a dephosphorizing agent into the molten solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, and removing slag to obtain a steel alloy melt;
step four: pouring the steel alloy melt obtained in the third step into a forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve, and then cooling and forming;
step five: placing the formed steel alloy obtained in the fourth step into an environment with the temperature of 500 ℃ for treatment, and carrying out quenching treatment by using hot water with the temperature of 110 ℃ after taking out;
step six: and C, performing tooling bushing on the formed bow outer shaft sleeve obtained in the fourth step, preheating a tooling punch, performing two-upsetting and two-drawing on a preheated blank forging, then placing the drawn round blank into the bushing, performing local upsetting again, performing punching and rounding, finally leveling to obtain a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve, and finally performing a galvanizing process on the bow outer shaft sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment: the Fe-Si intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mn intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ni intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy, the Fe-V intermediate alloy, the Fe-Cr intermediate alloy, the Fe-Nb intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ta intermediate alloy, the Fe-Hf intermediate alloy and the Fe-Co intermediate alloy weighed in the step one are weighed according to the contents of Si, mn, ni, mo, V, cr, nb, ta, hf and Co respectively.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature reduction in the second step is 800 ℃, and the stirring speed in the second step is 1000r/min.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature rise in the third step is 1200-1400 ℃, and the desulfurizer in the third step is CaO and Na2CO3Or SiO2Wherein the dephosphorizing agent in the step three is Ca or CaC2Or one of CaSi, the sum of the addition amount of the desulfurizer and the dephosphorizing agent is 2.5 percent of the weight of the melt, and the weight ratio of the desulfurizer to the dephosphorizing agent is 1:1.1.
in a preferred embodiment: and in the fourth step, when the steel alloy melt is poured, the forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve is preheated to 360 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the preheating in the sixth step is 600 ℃, the cylindrical grinding machine is used for carrying out a rounding process on the round blank in the sixth step, and the leveling machine is used for leveling the blank in the sixth step.
Example 2:
different from the embodiment 1, the low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.08%, si:0.35%, mn:0.8%, ni:10%, mo:0.1%, V:0.01%, P:0.008%, S:0.004%, cr:0.39%, nb:0.6%, ta:0.6%, hf:0.5%, co:0.4%, and the balance of iron and other unavoidable impurities.
Example 3:
different from the embodiment 1, the low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.05%, si:0.25%, mn:0.55%, ni:9.25%, mo:0.06%, V:0.0075%, P:0.0045%, S:0.0025%, cr:0.345%, nb:0.375%, ta:0.4%, hf:0.3%, co:0.25%, the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities
Example 4:
the invention provides a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.02%, si:0.15%, mn:0.3%, ni:8.5%, mo:0.02%, V:0.005%, P:0.001%, S:0.001%, cr:0.3%, nb:0.15%, ta:0.2%, hf:0.1% and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: the other inevitable impurities are Cu, and the total content of Cr, cu and Mo is not more than 0.5%.
A processing technology of a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing a proper amount of pure carbon, pure iron, pure phosphorus, pure sulfur, fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Cr intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy and Fe-Hf intermediate alloy according to the components of the low-temperature resistant steel alloy for later use;
step two: firstly, taking out and drying oxide layers on the surfaces of Fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy and Fe-Hf intermediate alloy in the step one, heating and melting in a melting furnace to obtain a solution A, then cooling, pouring pure phosphorus, pure carbon and pure sulfur into the solution A after cooling is finished, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution B;
step three: heating the mixed solution B obtained in the second step again, sequentially adding Fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy for melting to obtain a molten solution, adding a desulfurizing agent and a dephosphorizing agent into the molten solution, stirring uniformly, and removing slag to obtain a steel alloy melt;
step four: pouring the steel alloy melt obtained in the third step into a forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve, and then cooling and forming;
step five: placing the formed steel alloy obtained in the fourth step into an environment with the temperature of 500 ℃ for treatment, taking out the steel alloy and then carrying out quenching treatment by utilizing hot water with the temperature of 110 ℃;
step six: and C, performing tooling bushing on the formed bow outer shaft sleeve obtained in the fourth step, preheating a tooling punch, performing two-upsetting and two-drawing on a preheated blank forging, then placing the drawn round blank into the bushing, performing local upsetting again, performing punching and rounding, finally leveling to obtain a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve, and finally performing a galvanizing process on the bow outer shaft sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment: and weighing the Fe-Si intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mn intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ni intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy, the Fe-V intermediate alloy, the Fe-Cr intermediate alloy, the Fe-Nb intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ta intermediate alloy and the Fe-Hf intermediate alloy weighed in the step one according to the contents of Si, mn, ni, mo, V, cr, nb, ta and Hf respectively.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature reduction in the second step is 800 ℃, and the stirring speed in the second step is 1000r/min.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature rise in the third step is 1200-1400 ℃, and the desulfurizing agents in the third step are CaO and Na2CO3Or SiO2Wherein the dephosphorizing agent in the step three is Ca or CaC2Or one of CaSi, the sum of the addition amount of the desulfurizer and the dephosphorizing agent is 2.5 percent of the weight of the melt, and the weight ratio of the desulfurizer to the dephosphorizing agent is 1:1.1.
in a preferred embodiment: and in the fourth step, when the steel alloy melt is poured, the forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve is preheated to 360 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after preheating in the sixth step is 600 ℃, the cylindrical grinding machine is used for carrying out a rolling process on the round blank in the sixth step, and the leveling machine is used for leveling the blank in the sixth step
Example 5:
the invention provides a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.02%, si:0.15%, mn:0.3%, ni:8.5%, mo:0.02%, V:0.005%, P:0.001%, S:0.001%, cr:0.3%, co:0.1% and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: the other inevitable impurities are Cu, and the total content of Cr, cu and Mo is not more than 0.5%.
A processing technology of a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing proper amounts of pure carbon, pure iron, pure phosphorus, pure sulfur, fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Cr intermediate alloy and Fe-Co intermediate alloy according to the components of the low-temperature resistant steel alloy for later use;
step two: firstly, putting the pure iron and the Fe-Co intermediate alloy in the step one into a melting furnace, heating and melting to obtain a solution A, then cooling, pouring pure phosphorus, pure carbon and pure sulfur into the solution A after cooling is finished, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution B;
step three: heating the mixed solution B obtained in the second step again, sequentially adding Fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy for melting to obtain a molten solution, adding a desulfurizing agent and a dephosphorizing agent into the molten solution, stirring uniformly, and removing slag to obtain a steel alloy melt;
step four: pouring the steel alloy melt obtained in the third step into a forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve, and then cooling and forming;
step five: placing the formed steel alloy obtained in the fourth step into an environment with the temperature of 500 ℃ for treatment, taking out the steel alloy and then carrying out quenching treatment by utilizing hot water with the temperature of 110 ℃;
step six: and C, performing tooling bushing on the formed bow outer shaft sleeve obtained in the fourth step, preheating a tooling punch, performing two-upsetting and two-drawing on a preheated blank forging, then placing the drawn round blank into the bushing, performing local upsetting again, performing punching and rounding, finally leveling to obtain a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve, and finally performing a galvanizing process on the bow outer shaft sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment: and weighing the Fe-Si intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mn intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ni intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy, the Fe-V intermediate alloy, the Fe-Cr intermediate alloy and the Fe-Co intermediate alloy weighed in the step one according to the contents of Si, mn, ni, mo, V, cr and Co respectively.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature reduction in the second step is 800 ℃, and the stirring speed in the second step is 1000r/min.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature rise in the third step is 1200-1400 ℃, and the desulfurizing agents in the third step are CaO and Na2CO3Or SiO2Wherein the dephosphorizing agent in the third step is Ca or CaC2Or one of CaSi, the sum of the addition amounts of the desulfurizing agent and the dephosphorizing agent is 2.5 percent of the weight of the melt, and the weight ratio of the desulfurizing agent to the dephosphorizing agent is 1:1.1.
in a preferred embodiment: and in the fourth step, when the steel alloy melt is poured, the forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve is preheated to 360 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after preheating in the sixth step is 600 ℃, the cylindrical grinding machine is used for carrying out the rounding process on the round blank in the sixth step, and the planishing machine is used for planishing the blank in the sixth step
Comparative example:
the invention provides a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.02%, si:0.15%, mn:0.3%, ni:8.5%, mo:0.02%, V:0.005%, P:0.001%, S:0.001%, cr:0.3%, and the balance of iron and other unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment: the other inevitable impurities are Cu, and the total content of Cr, cu and Mo is not more than 0.5%.
A processing technology of a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing proper amounts of pure carbon, pure iron, pure phosphorus, pure sulfur, fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-V intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy according to the components of the low-temperature resistant steel alloy;
step two: firstly, taking out and drying oxide layers on the surfaces of the Fe-V intermediate alloy and the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy in the step one, then putting pure iron into a melting furnace to be heated and melted to obtain a solution A, then cooling, and pouring pure phosphorus, pure carbon and pure sulfur into the solution A to be uniformly stirred after the cooling is finished to obtain a mixed solution B;
step three: heating the mixed solution B obtained in the second step again, sequentially adding Fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy for melting to obtain a molten solution, adding a desulfurizing agent and a dephosphorizing agent into the molten solution, stirring uniformly, and removing slag to obtain a steel alloy melt;
step four: pouring the steel alloy melt obtained in the third step into a forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve, and then cooling and forming;
step five: placing the formed steel alloy obtained in the fourth step into an environment with the temperature of 500 ℃ for treatment, taking out the steel alloy and then carrying out quenching treatment by utilizing hot water with the temperature of 110 ℃;
step six: and C, performing tooling bushing on the formed bow outer shaft sleeve obtained in the fourth step, preheating a tooling punch, performing two-upsetting and two-drawing on a preheated blank forging, then placing the drawn round blank into the bushing, performing local upsetting again, performing punching and rounding, finally leveling to obtain a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve, and finally performing a galvanizing process on the bow outer shaft sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment: and weighing the Fe-Si intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mn intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ni intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy, the Fe-V intermediate alloy and the Fe-Cr intermediate alloy weighed in the step one according to the contents of Si, mn, ni, mo, V and Cr respectively.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature reduction in the second step is 800 ℃, and the stirring speed in the second step is 1000r/min.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after the temperature rise in the third step is 1200-1400 ℃, and the desulfurizer in the third step is CaO and Na2CO3Or SiO2Wherein the dephosphorizing agent in the third step is Ca or CaC2Or in CaSiThe total adding amount of the desulfurizer and the dephosphorizing agent is 2.5% of the weight of the melt, and the weight ratio of the desulfurizer to the dephosphorizing agent is 1:1.1.
in a preferred embodiment: and in the fourth step, when the steel alloy melt is poured, the forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve is preheated to 360 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment: the temperature after preheating in the sixth step is 600 ℃, the cylindrical grinding machine is used for carrying out a rounding process on the round blank in the sixth step, and the leveling machine is used for leveling the blank in the sixth step.
Taking the low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeves prepared in the embodiments 1-5 as an experiment group 1, an experiment group 2, an experiment group 3, an experiment group 4 and an experiment group 5 respectively, selecting the bow outer shaft sleeve produced in a comparative example as a control group, and testing the low-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance and toughness of the selected bow outer shaft sleeve, wherein the test effect is divided into 5 parts: fifthly, the highest score represents good; 4, better score is given; 3 is acceptable; the difference is less than 3 minutes (the tensile strength performance is tested according to GB/T228 "Metal Material Room temperature tensile test method" at 25 ℃ and-60 ℃ respectively, the toughness is tested on a pendulum impact tester according to GB229-63 "Metal Room temperature impact toughness test method", three data are measured each time, and the average value is taken). The test results are shown in the first table:
watch 1
As can be seen from the table one, the low temperature resistant outer sleeve produced by the invention has better effects on low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance and toughness, compared with example 1 without adding Co, example 4 has better effects on low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance and toughness compared with example 1 without adding Nb, ta and Hf, and example 1 has better effects on low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance and toughness, tantalum metal can be strengthened by adding tantalum, mo, nb, V and other metals into the steel alloy, and the toughness of the steel alloy under low temperature conditions can be increased, and then the thermodynamic stability of tantalum is increased by matching with the use of C, so that nucleation can be effectively promoted, carbon precipitation in a nuclear crystal brittle film generated in the later solidification stage of the steel alloy can be avoided, and slippage can be compactly prevented by adding Hf metal into the steel alloy, so that the creep resistance of the steel alloy can be increased, and then tantalum metal can form an oxide film with the surface of the alloy material, further, oxidation of the steel alloy can be effectively blocked, and the cobalt can be transformed into a passivation layer to form a delta phase contact with the steel alloy, so that the corrosion resistance of the cobalt and the cobalt in the steel alloy can be directly consumed in a liquid phase, and a delta phase of the steel alloy can be prevented from forming a passivation layer, and a delta phase of a silicon-rich alloy, thereby directly forming a corrosion-containing alloy, and a delta phase of the corrosion-resistant alloy can be prevented from being directly consumed alloy, and a cobalt-plated steel alloy, and a delta phase.
And finally: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a low temperature resistant bow outer sleeve which characterized in that: comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.02-0.08%, si:0.15-0.35%, mn:0.3-0.8%, ni:8.5-10%, mo:0.02-0.1%, V:0.005-0.01%, P:0.001-0.008%, S:0.001-0.004%, cr:0.3-0.39%, nb:0.15-0.6%, ta:0.2-0.6%, hf:0.1-0.5%, co:0.1-0.4%, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
2. The low temperature resistant outer sleeve of claim 1, wherein: c:0.04-0.06%, si:0.2-0.3%, mn:0.5-0.6%, ni:9-9.5%, mo:0.03-0.08%, V:0.006-0.008%, P:0.002-0.006%, S:0.002-0.003%, cr:0.34-0.35%, nb:0.3-0.4%, ta:0.35-0.45%, hf:0.2-0.4%, co:0.2-0.3%, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
3. The low temperature resistant outer sleeve of a bow of claim 1, wherein: c:0.05%, si:0.25%, mn:0.55%, ni:9.25%, mo:0.06%, V:0.0075%, P:0.0045%, S:0.0025%, cr:0.345%, nb:0.375%, ta:0.4%, hf:0.3%, co:0.25%, and the balance of iron and other unavoidable impurities.
4. The low temperature resistant outer sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the other inevitable impurities are Cu, and the total content of Cr, cu and Mo is not more than 0.5%.
5. A processing technology of a low-temperature-resistant bow outer shaft sleeve is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing a proper amount of pure carbon, pure iron, pure phosphorus, pure sulfur, fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Cr intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy, fe-Hf intermediate alloy and Fe-Co intermediate alloy according to the components of the low-temperature resistant steel alloy for later use;
step two: firstly, taking out and drying oxide layers on the surfaces of Fe-V intermediate alloy, fe-Mo intermediate alloy, fe-Nb intermediate alloy, fe-Ta intermediate alloy and Fe-Hf intermediate alloy in the step one, then putting pure iron and Fe-Co intermediate alloy into a melting furnace for heating and melting to obtain a solution A, then cooling, pouring pure phosphorus, pure carbon and pure sulfur into the solution A after cooling is finished, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution B;
step three: heating the mixed solution B obtained in the second step again, then sequentially adding Fe-Si intermediate alloy, fe-Mn intermediate alloy, fe-Ni intermediate alloy and Fe-Cr intermediate alloy for melting to obtain a molten solution, then adding a desulfurizing agent and a dephosphorizing agent into the molten solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, and removing slag to obtain a steel alloy melt;
step four: pouring the steel alloy melt obtained in the third step into a forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve, and then cooling and forming;
step five: placing the formed steel alloy obtained in the fourth step into an environment with the temperature of 500-560 ℃ for treatment, taking out and then carrying out quenching treatment by using hot water with the temperature of 110-130 ℃;
step six: and (3) carrying out tool bushing on the formed bow outer sleeve obtained in the fourth step, then preheating a tool punch, carrying out two-upsetting and two-drawing on the preheated blank forge piece, then placing the drawn round blank into the bushing, carrying out local upsetting again, then carrying out punching and rounding, finally carrying out leveling to obtain the low-temperature-resistant bow outer sleeve, and finally carrying out a galvanizing process on the bow outer sleeve.
6. The processing technology of the low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the Fe-Si intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mn intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ni intermediate alloy, the Fe-Mo intermediate alloy, the Fe-V intermediate alloy, the Fe-Cr intermediate alloy, the Fe-Nb intermediate alloy, the Fe-Ta intermediate alloy, the Fe-Hf intermediate alloy and the Fe-Co intermediate alloy weighed in the step one are weighed according to the contents of Si, mn, ni, mo, V, cr, nb, ta, hf and Co respectively.
7. The processing technology of the low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the temperature after the temperature reduction in the second step is 700-800 ℃, and the stirring speed in the second step is 700-1000r/min.
8. The processing technology of the low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the temperature after the temperature rise in the third step is 1200-1400 ℃, and the desulfurizing agents in the third step are CaO and Na2CO3Or SiO2Wherein the dephosphorizing agent in the third step is Ca or CaC2Or CaSi, the removalThe total adding amount of the sulfur agent and the dephosphorization agent is 1-2.5% of the weight of the melt, and the weight ratio of the desulfurizer to the dephosphorization agent is 1: (1.1-1.4).
9. The processing technology of the low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, when the steel alloy melt is poured, the forming die of the bow outer shaft sleeve is preheated to 240-360 ℃.
10. The processing technology of the low-temperature-resistant outer stem sleeve as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the temperature after preheating in the sixth step is 400-600 ℃, the cylindrical grinding machine is used for carrying out a rounding process on the round blank in the sixth step, and the planisher is used for planishing the blank in the sixth step.
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