CN115258113B

CN115258113B - Automatic folding honeycomb duct for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured

Info

Publication number: CN115258113B
Application number: CN202211004735.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭建廷; 王海军; 嵇春艳
Original assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2023-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-22
Also published as: CN115258113A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic folding flow guide pipe for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured, which comprises a folding flow guide pipe and a visual detector, wherein the folding flow guide pipe comprises a flow guide pipe and a retractable blade, the flow guide pipe comprises two first arc-shaped baffles with the same structure and two second arc-shaped baffles with the same structure, the two first arc-shaped baffles are hinged with a ship body and are simultaneously connected with the ship body in a folding way, and the second arc-shaped baffles are hinged with the corresponding first arc-shaped baffles and are connected in a folding way; the retractable blades are arrayed along the circumference of the inner wall of the honeycomb duct and are hinged with the inner wall of the honeycomb duct; the automatically foldable guide pipe is sleeved on the propeller; when the visual detector detects that fish or other foreign matters are to be sucked into the propeller, the retractable blades are controlled to be opened, and when the sea surface is normal or the guide pipe is folded, the retractable blades are controlled to be retracted and attached to the inner wall of the guide pipe. The guide pipe can be automatically folded to the bottom of the ship body, and can prevent fish or other foreign matters from being sucked into the propeller.

Description

Automatic folding honeycomb duct for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured

Technical Field

The invention relates to marine equipment, in particular to an automatically foldable honeycomb duct for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured.

Background

With the development of shipbuilding technology, the footprint of humans is spread throughout the ocean. In existing vessels, power is supplied to them mainly by means of propellers. With the increase of the tonnage of the ship, the tonnage of the propeller is increased, and the existing ship propeller reaches about 10 meters. A vortex is formed in front of the propeller during the running of the ship so as to suck the fish into the propeller. The strong screw propeller can tear the small fish into fragments, and meanwhile, the blood fishy smell of the torn small fish can attract meat-eating fishes such as sharks to predate, so that the injury and death of large-scale fishes are caused. Meanwhile, sonar emitted by a large ship in the running process is very similar to sound of a whale calling partner, so that the whale is attracted to follow the ship. Once the wound is scratched by the propeller, the wound is eye-catching and surprised, and if the wound is too deep, the wound is hard to recover, so that the wound is buried in the sea due to excessive blood loss or infection.

With more and more reports about fish injuries with propellers, people are slowly aware of the severity of the problem. Various methods for preventing fish injury by a propeller have been proposed in recent years. Among them, sonar is used to drive fish shoals, but sonar is more harmful to the ocean under practical demonstration. The positioning and communication of many marine mammals are carried out by sonar. Human sonar can divert the fish's head from rushing to the beach, with a stranded accident. Further, there is a further invention of preventing fish from being accidentally injured by mechanical devices, and as in chinese patent No. CN202110306618.0, a marine propeller capable of preventing large-scale fish mammals in water from being accidentally injured has been proposed. A foldable cover is arranged in front of the propeller to prevent fish from being sucked into the propeller, but the front cover cannot prevent the outside of the propeller from scratching large fishes due to power loss. In further development, the honeycomb duct is found to not only increase the thrust of the propeller, but also prevent the large fish from being scratched by the propeller, but still cannot prevent the small fish from being rolled into the propeller, and the honeycomb duct also becomes a hindrance in some occasions. Such as: the turning radius of the ship becomes larger during turning, the flow guide pipe may bottom out when the ship stops at a port with a shallow water level, and the flow guide pipe is also an obstacle when the propeller is cleaned or repaired.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide an automatically foldable guide pipe capable of preventing marine fishes from being accidentally injured, which can prevent fishes or other foreign matters from being sucked into a propeller, and can automatically fold the guide pipe to the bottom of a ship when the guide pipe is needed.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an automatic folding flow guide pipe for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured, which comprises a folding flow guide pipe and a visual detector, wherein the folding flow guide pipe comprises a flow guide pipe, a retractable blade, a first folding part and a second folding part, the flow guide pipe comprises an upper half arc baffle and a lower half arc baffle, the upper half arc baffle comprises two first arc baffles with the same structure, the connecting ends of the two first arc baffles are hinged with a ship body through first hinging parts, and meanwhile, the two first arc baffles are respectively connected with the ship body in a folding way through first folding parts; the lower semi-arc baffle comprises two second arc baffles with the same structure, the two second arc baffles are respectively hinged with the two first arc baffles through second hinging parts, and simultaneously the two second arc baffles are respectively connected with the two first arc baffles in a foldable way through second folding parts; the retractable blades are arrayed along the circumference of the inner wall of the honeycomb duct and are hinged with the inner wall of the honeycomb duct; the automatically foldable guide pipe is sleeved on the propeller and is not contacted with the propeller; the visual detector is used for monitoring sea surface information, when fish or other foreign matters are monitored to be sucked into the propeller, the retractable blades are controlled to be opened, the fish or other foreign matters are prevented from being sucked into the propeller, and when the sea surface is normal or the guide pipe is folded, the retractable blades are controlled to be retracted and attached to the inner wall of the guide pipe; the honeycomb duct is folded and then attached to the bottom of the ship body.

Preferably, the bottom of the ship body is provided with a fourth connecting part, two ends of the first arc-shaped baffle plates are respectively provided with a first connecting part and a second connecting part, one ends of the two first arc-shaped baffle plates provided with the first connecting parts are in butt joint, and the first connecting parts of the two first arc-shaped baffle plates and the fourth connecting parts of the bottom of the ship body form a first hinge part; one end of the second arc-shaped baffle plate is provided with a third connecting part, and the third connecting part of the second arc-shaped baffle plate and the second connecting part of the first arc-shaped baffle plate form a second hinge part.

Preferably, the first arc baffle and the second arc baffle all comprise arc-shaped expanding parts and arc-shaped circular opening parts, and the first connecting part, the second connecting part and the third connecting part are all arranged at the arc-shaped circular opening parts.

Preferably, the retractable blades are arranged in a circumferential array along the joint of the arc-shaped expanding part and the arc-shaped circular opening part.

Preferably, the first folding portion comprises a first hydraulic rod, a first supporting portion and a second supporting portion, the first supporting portion is arranged at the bottom of the ship body, the second supporting portion is arranged on the first arc-shaped baffle, and two ends of the first hydraulic rod are hinged to the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion respectively.

Preferably, the second folding portion comprises a second hydraulic rod, a third supporting portion and a fourth supporting portion, the third supporting portion is arranged on the first arc-shaped baffle, the fourth supporting portion is arranged on the second arc-shaped baffle, and two ends of the second hydraulic rod are hinged to the third supporting portion and the fourth supporting portion respectively.

Preferably, the retractable blade comprises a blade, a connecting rod, a hydraulic push rod and a hydraulic cylinder, one end of the blade is hinged to the inner wall of the first arc-shaped baffle and the inner wall of the second arc-shaped baffle, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the blade, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the hydraulic push rod, the hydraulic push rod reciprocates in the hydraulic cylinder, and the connecting rod drives the blade to rotate around the hinged position of the blade and the inner wall of the first arc-shaped baffle or the inner wall of the second arc-shaped baffle.

Preferably, the inner walls of the first arc-shaped baffle plate and the second arc-shaped baffle plate are circumferentially provided with blade connecting shafts, and the circumferential arrays on the blade connecting shafts are provided with hydraulic mounting structures; the upper surface and the lower surface of one end of the blade are respectively provided with a third hinge part and a fourth hinge part, the blade is respectively hinged with the blade connecting shaft and the connecting rod through the third hinge part and the fourth hinge part, and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the hydraulic installation structure.

The ship comprises the automatic foldable flow guide pipe.

The invention relates to a control method of an automatically foldable flow guide pipe for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured, which comprises the following steps:

folding and unfolding of the foldable honeycomb duct:

normally, the foldable draft tube is in a fully opened state;

when the folding is needed, the second folding part works to drive the second arc-shaped baffle to rotate around the second hinge part and to open outwards until the second arc-shaped baffle is completely folded and retracted; further, the first folding part works to drive the first arc-shaped baffle plate to rotate around the first hinge part and to open outwards until the first arc-shaped baffle plate and the second arc-shaped baffle plate are fully folded and attached to the bottom of the ship body;

when the first folding part is required to be opened, the first arc-shaped baffle plate is driven to reversely rotate around the first hinge part and is retracted inwards until the first arc-shaped baffle plate is completely retracted; further, the second folding part works to drive the second arc-shaped baffle plates to reversely rotate around the second hinge part and retract inwards until the second arc-shaped baffle plates are fully opened, and the two first arc-shaped baffle plates and the two second arc-shaped baffle plates form a closed structure;

expansion and retraction of the retractable blades:

when the visual detector detects that fish or other foreign matters are to be sucked into the propeller, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic push rod to move backwards, the hydraulic push rod drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the blade to rotate around the blade connecting shaft, so that the blade is opened to form an adduction horn shape, and the fish or other foreign matters are prevented from being sucked into the propeller;

when the visual detector detects that the sea surface is normal or the foldable honeycomb duct needs to be folded, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic push rod to move forwards, the hydraulic push rod drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the blade to rotate reversely around the blade connecting shaft, so that the blade is folded and clings to the inner wall of the honeycomb duct.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable technical effects that: (1) By adopting the foldable guide pipe, the guide pipe can be automatically folded to the bottom of the ship when the guide pipe can form a barrier in the occasions of turning, port entering, parking, cleaning and maintaining of the propeller and the like. (2) The invention adopts the retractable blades, when the fish or other foreign matters are detected to be sucked into the propeller, the retractable blades can be opened so as to prevent the propeller from accidentally injuring the fish, and the invention can also effectively prevent other hard foreign matters from being sucked into the propeller to break. (3) The invention adopts the visual detector, can automatically monitor fish and other foreign matters and control the folding and unfolding of the foldable blades.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a rear isometric view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front isometric view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the invention with the collapsible draft tube vanes open;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a collapsible draft tube vane closure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the exterior of the semi-arcuate baffle on the draft tube of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the interior of the semi-arcuate baffle on the draft tube of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the interior of the lower semi-arcuate baffle of the draft tube of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a blade of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a drawing illustrating the retraction of the lower arcuate baffle of the draft tube according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a rear view of the lower arcuate baffle of the draft tube of the present invention after retraction;

FIG. 12 is a drawing illustrating the retraction of the upper arcuate baffle of the draft tube according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a rear view of the upper arcuate baffle of the draft tube of the present invention after retraction;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the blade of the present invention without opening;

FIG. 15 is an illustration of the action of the present invention with the vanes open;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the vane of the present invention after opening;

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of the present invention with the vanes open;

in the figure: the device comprises a foldable flow guide pipe-1, a flow guide pipe-11, an upper semi-arc baffle-111, a lower semi-arc baffle-112, a retractable blade-12, a blade-121, a connecting rod-122, a hydraulic push rod-123 and a hydraulic cylinder-124, a first hydraulic rod-131, a second hydraulic rod-141, a third hinge part-A3, a fourth hinge part-A4, a first connecting part-B1, a second connecting part-B2, a third connecting part-B3, a fourth connecting part-B4, a first supporting part-C1, a second supporting part-C2, a third supporting part-C3, a fourth supporting part-C4, a first arc-shaped expanding part-D1, a second arc-shaped expanding part-D2, a first arc-shaped circular part-E1, a second arc-shaped circular part-E2, a blade connecting shaft-F, a hydraulic mounting structure-G, a visual detector-2, a propeller-3 and a ship body-4.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an automatic folding guide pipe for preventing marine fish from being injured by accident comprises a folding guide pipe 1 and a visual detector 2, wherein the folding guide pipe 1 is sleeved on a propeller 3 and hinged to the tail of a ship body 4, and the visual detector 2 is arranged above and in front of the propeller at the bottom of the ship body 4 and is used for monitoring that fish or other foreign matters are sucked into the propeller.

As shown in fig. 3 to 9, the draft tube 11 includes an upper semi-arc baffle 111 and a lower semi-arc baffle 112, the upper semi-arc baffle 111 is hinged to the bottom of the hull through a first hinge portion A1 and is connected to the bottom of the hull through a first fold portion 13 to control the opening and closing thereof; the upper semi-arc baffle 111 is hinged with the lower semi-arc baffle 112 through a second hinge part A2, and is connected through a second folding part 14 so as to control the opening and closing of the upper semi-arc baffle. As shown in fig. 5 and 9, the upper semi-arc baffle 111 includes two first arc baffles 1111 with the same structure, the first arc baffles 1111 include a first arc expansion part D1 and a first arc round part E1, two ends of the first arc round part E1 of the first arc baffles 1111 are respectively provided with a first connection part B1 and a second connection part B2, one ends of the two first arc baffles 1111 provided with the first connection part B1 are in butt joint, the bottom of the ship body is provided with a fourth connection part B4, and the first connection part B1 of the two first arc baffles and the fourth connection part B4 of the bottom of the ship body form a first hinge part A1, and each first connection part B1 is respectively hinged with the fourth connection part B4; the outer wall of the first arc round part E1 of the first arc baffle is provided with a second supporting part C2 and a third supporting part C3. As shown in fig. 7, the lower semi-arc baffle 112 includes two second arc baffles 1121 with the same structure, the second arc baffles 1121 include a second arc expansion portion D2 and a second arc round portion E2, one end of the second arc round portion E2 of the second arc baffle 1121 is provided with a third connection portion B3, and the third connection portion B3 of the second arc baffle 1121 and the second connection portion B2 of the first arc baffle 1111 form a second hinge portion A2; the outer wall of the second arc round opening E2 of the second arc baffle is provided with a fourth supporting part C4; the bottom of the ship body is provided with a first supporting part C1; the first connecting part B1, the second connecting part B2, the third connecting part B3, the fourth connecting part B4, the first supporting part C1, the second supporting part C2, the third supporting part C3 and the fourth supporting part C4 are all provided with connecting holes.

The two ends of the first hydraulic rod 131 are respectively hinged with the first support part C1 and the second support part C2 through connecting holes, and the two ends of the second hydraulic rod 141 are respectively hinged with the third support part C3 and the fourth support part C4 through connecting holes. The first hydraulic rod 131, the first supporting portion C1 and the second supporting portion C2 form a first folding portion 13, and the two first arc baffles 1111 are controlled to rotate around the first hinge portion A1 by the shrinkage of the first hydraulic rod 131, so that the first arc baffles 1111 are opened and closed; the second hydraulic rod 141, the third supporting portion C3 and the fourth supporting portion C4 form a second folding portion 14, and the two second arc-shaped baffles 1121 are controlled to rotate around the second hinge portion A2 by shrinkage of the second hydraulic rod 141, so that opening and closing of the second arc-shaped baffles 1121 are achieved. When the flow guide pipe 11 is folded, the first arc baffle 1111 and the second arc baffle 1211 are respectively opened under the action of the first hydraulic rod 131 and the second hydraulic rod 141, so that the flow guide pipe 11 is folded to the bottom of the ship body 4; when the flow guide pipe 11 is closed, the first arc baffle 1111 and the second arc baffle 1121 are respectively closed under the action of the first hydraulic rod 131 and the second hydraulic rod 141, so as to form a closed horn-shaped tubular structure, and are bilaterally symmetrical.

As shown in fig. 6, on the inner side walls of the first and second baffle plates 1111 and 1121, a vane connecting shaft F is provided in the circumferential direction, and a hydraulic mounting structure G is provided in a circumferential array on the vane connecting shaft.

As shown in fig. 8 and fig. 14 to fig. 17, the retractable blades 12 are arranged in an array along the circumference of the inner wall of the flow guide pipe 11, and include a blade 121, a connecting rod 122, a hydraulic push rod 123 and a hydraulic cylinder 124, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the connecting end of the blade 121 are respectively provided with a third hinge part A3 and a fourth hinge part A4, and the third hinge part A3 and the fourth hinge part A4 are provided with connecting holes; the blade 121 is hinged on the blade connecting shaft F through a connecting hole on the fourth hinging part A4, one end of the connecting rod 122 is hinged on the blade 121 through a connecting hole on the third hinging part A3, the other end of the connecting rod 122 is hinged with the hydraulic push rod 123, the hydraulic push rod 123 reciprocates under the hydraulic action in the hydraulic cylinder 124 and drives the connecting rod 122 to reciprocate, and the connecting rod 122 drives the blade 121 to rotate around the blade connecting shaft F; the hydraulic cylinder 124 is installed on the hydraulic installation structure G, the hydraulic cylinder 124, the hydraulic push rod 123, the connecting rod 122 and the blade 121 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the blade 121 can be opened and retracted by pushing and pulling the hydraulic push rod 123. The visual detector is arranged at the front upper part of the ship bottom propeller and is used for monitoring that fishes or other foreign matters are sucked into the propeller; when the visual detector detects that the fish is to be sucked into the propeller, the retractable blades are opened to block the fish from being sucked into the propeller, the fish is not only monitored, but also the retractable blades are opened when other foreign matters are detected to be sucked into the propeller.

The blade 121 is arc-shaped, so that when the blade 121 is retracted, the blade can be clung to the inner wall of the first arc baffle 1111 or the second arc baffle 1121; the connecting end of the blade 121 is wide, and the free end is narrow, so that the blade 121 can form an adduction horn shape when being unfolded, and fish or other foreign matters are prevented from being sucked into the propeller 3; and a through hole is formed in the middle of the blade 121 when it is unfolded, preventing contact with the propeller 3; the blade connecting shaft F is arranged at the joint of the arc-shaped expanding part and the arc-shaped circular opening part, so that the guide pipe cannot be leaked out when the blades are unfolded and folded, and accidental injury of fish is prevented.

The automatically foldable flow guide pipe 1 is sleeved on the propeller 3 and is not contacted with the propeller 3; when the flow guide pipe 11 is in an open state, the two first arc baffles 1111 and the two second arc baffles 1121 of the flow guide pipe 11 are spliced into a horn shape; when the visual detector 2 detects that fish or other foreign matters are about to be sucked into the propeller 3, the retractable blades 12 are opened inwards around the hinge shaft to form a horn shape, so that the fish or other foreign matters are prevented from approaching the propeller 3; when the flow guiding pipe 11 is folded, the retractable blades 12 are retracted outwards around the hinge shaft and attached to the inner wall of the flow guiding pipe 11, the second folding part 14 works to drive the two second arc-shaped baffles 1121 to rotate around the second hinge part A2 to open outwards, then the first folding part 13 works to drive the two first arc-shaped baffles 1111 to rotate around the first hinge part A1 to open outwards until the two first arc-shaped baffles 1111 and the two second arc-shaped baffles 1121 are completely folded and attached to the bottom of the ship body 4.

A control method for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured by automatically folding a guide pipe comprises the following steps:

folding and unfolding of the foldable draft tube 1:

normally, the foldable draft tube 1 is in a fully opened state;

when the guide pipe is used for forming obstruction in the turning of ships, berthing in port, cleaning and maintaining of propellers and the like. It is necessary to fold the collapsible draft tube to the bottom of the hull 4. As shown in fig. 9, in a state that the flow guide pipe 11 is fully opened, when the folding is needed, as shown in fig. 10, the control system starts to shrink by controlling the built-in hydraulic system, and the second arc-shaped baffle rotates around the second hinge part under the driving of the second hydraulic rod 141 and is opened outwards until the second arc-shaped baffle is fully folded and retracted; a second arcuate flap is shown in a fully folded stowed schematic view in fig. 11. Further, the first hydraulic rod 131 starts to shrink, as shown in fig. 12, the first arc-shaped baffle rotates around the first hinge part under the driving of the first hydraulic rod 131, and opens outwards until the first arc-shaped baffle and the second arc-shaped baffle are all folded and attached to the bottom of the ship body, as shown in fig. 13.

When the first hydraulic rod is required to be opened, the first hydraulic rod starts to extend to drive the first arc-shaped baffle to reversely rotate around the first hinge part, and the first arc-shaped baffle is retracted inwards until the first arc-shaped baffle is completely retracted; further, the second hydraulic rod stretches to drive the second arc-shaped baffle plates to reversely rotate around the second hinge part and retract inwards until the second arc-shaped baffle plates are fully opened, and the two first arc-shaped baffle plates and the two second arc-shaped baffle plates form a closed structure;

expansion and retraction of the retractable blades:

on the premise that the foldable flow guide pipe 1 is completely opened, when the visual detector 2 detects that fish or other foreign matters are sucked into the propeller, signals are transferred to the control system, and the control system enables the hydraulic push rod to perform corresponding actions through the built-in hydraulic system so as to realize the expansion of the retractable blades 12, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. The retractable vanes 12 need to be retracted as shown in fig. 4 when traveling normally or when the collapsible draft tube 1 needs to be folded.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the retractable vane 12 when retracted, the vane 121 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the guide tube 11, when the vane 121 needs to be deployed, the control system makes the hydraulic push rod 123 move backward as shown in fig. 15 through the built-in hydraulic system, the hydraulic push rod 123 drives the connecting rod 122 to move, and the connecting rod 122 drives the vane 121 to rotate around the vane connecting shaft, so that the vane is opened, an adduction horn shape is formed, and fish or other foreign matters are prevented from being sucked into the propeller. The blades are fully extended as shown in figures 16 and 17.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a prevent automatic folding honeycomb duct of accidental injury marine fish, a serial communication port, including collapsible honeycomb duct (1) and visual detector (2), collapsible honeycomb duct (1) include honeycomb duct (11), collapsible blade (12), first folding portion (13) and second folding portion (14), honeycomb duct (11) include first semi-arc baffle (111) and second semi-arc baffle (112) of upper semi-arc baffle, upper semi-arc baffle includes two first arc baffles (1111) that the structure is the same, and the link of two first arc baffles (1111) is articulated with hull (4) through first articulated part (A1), simultaneously two first arc baffles (1111) are respectively through first folding portion (13) and hull (4) collapsible connection; the lower semi-arc baffle (112) comprises two second arc baffles (1121) with the same structure, the two second arc baffles (1121) are respectively hinged with the two first arc baffles (1111) through second hinging parts (A2), and meanwhile, the two second arc baffles (1121) are respectively connected with the two first arc baffles (1111) in a foldable way through second folding parts (14); the retractable blades (12) are arranged in an array along the circumference of the inner wall of the guide pipe (11) and are hinged with the inner wall of the guide pipe (11); the automatic folding honeycomb duct (1) is sleeved on the propeller (3) and is not contacted with the propeller (3); the visual detector is used for monitoring sea surface information, when fish or other foreign matters are monitored to be sucked into the propeller, the retractable blades are controlled to be opened, the fish or other foreign matters are prevented from being sucked into the propeller, and when the sea surface is normal or the guide pipe is folded, the retractable blades are controlled to be retracted and attached to the inner wall of the guide pipe (11); the honeycomb duct is folded and then is attached to the bottom of the ship body (4).

2. The automatic folding honeycomb duct for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured according to claim 1, wherein a fourth connecting portion (B4) is arranged at the bottom of the ship body, two ends of the first arc-shaped baffle plate (1111) are respectively provided with a first connecting portion (B1) and a second connecting portion (B2), one ends of the two first arc-shaped baffle plates (1111) provided with the first connecting portions (B1) are in butt joint, and the first connecting portions (B1) of the two first arc-shaped baffle plates (1111) and the fourth connecting portion (B4) at the bottom of the ship body form a first hinge portion (A1); one end of the second arc-shaped baffle plate (1121) is provided with a third connecting part (B3), and the third connecting part (B3) of the second arc-shaped baffle plate (1121) and the second connecting part (B2) of the first arc-shaped baffle plate (1111) form a second hinge part (A2).

3. The automatic folding draft tube for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured according to claim 2, wherein the first arc baffle (1111) and the second arc baffle (1121) each comprise an arc-shaped expanding portion and an arc-shaped circular portion, and the first connecting portion (B1), the second connecting portion (B2) and the third connecting portion (B3) are each disposed at the arc-shaped circular portion.

4. An automatically collapsible draft tube for preventing accidental injury to marine fish according to claim 3 wherein the collapsible vanes (12) are arranged in a circumferential array along the junction of the arcuate flared portion and the arcuate rounded portion.

5. The automatic folding draft tube for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured according to claim 1, wherein the first folding part (13) comprises a first hydraulic rod (131), a first supporting part (C1) and a second supporting part (C2), the first supporting part (C1) is arranged at the bottom of the ship body (4), the second supporting part (C2) is arranged on the first arc baffle (1111), and two ends of the first hydraulic rod (131) are respectively hinged with the first supporting part (C1) and the second supporting part (C2).

6. The automatic folding draft tube for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured according to claim 1, wherein the second folding part (14) comprises a second hydraulic rod (141), a third supporting part (C3) and a fourth supporting part (C4), the third supporting part (C3) is arranged on the first arc-shaped baffle (1111), the fourth supporting part (C4) is arranged on the second arc-shaped baffle (1121), and two ends of the second hydraulic rod (141) are respectively hinged with the third supporting part (C3) and the fourth supporting part (C4).

7. The automatic folding honeycomb duct for preventing marine fish from being injured by accident according to claim 1, wherein the retractable vane (12) comprises a vane (121), a connecting rod (122), a hydraulic push rod (123) and a hydraulic cylinder (124), one end of the vane (121) is hinged to the inner walls of the first arc-shaped baffle (1111) and the second arc-shaped baffle (1121), one end of the connecting rod (122) is hinged to the vane (121), the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the hydraulic push rod (123), the hydraulic push rod (123) reciprocates in the hydraulic cylinder (124), and the connecting rod (122) drives the vane (121) to rotate around the hinged position of the vane and the inner wall of the first arc-shaped baffle (1111) or the second arc-shaped baffle (1121).

8. The automatic folding draft tube for preventing marine fish from being injured by accident according to claim 7, wherein the inner walls of the first arc baffle (1111) and the second arc baffle (1121) are circumferentially provided with a blade connecting shaft (F), and the circumferential array of the blade connecting shaft (F) is provided with a hydraulic mounting structure (G); the upper surface and the lower surface of one end of each blade (121) are respectively provided with a third hinging part (A3) and a fourth hinging part (A4), each blade (121) is hinged with a blade connecting shaft (F) and a connecting rod (122) through the third hinging part (A3) and the fourth hinging part (A4), and a hydraulic cylinder (124) is installed on the hydraulic installation structure (G).

9. A vessel comprising an automatically collapsible draft tube according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The control method of the automatically foldable guide pipe for preventing marine fish from being accidentally injured is characterized by comprising the following steps:

folding and unfolding of the foldable honeycomb duct:

normally, the foldable draft tube is in a fully opened state;

expansion and retraction of the retractable blades: