CN115255562B - Preparation method of titanium alloy wear-resistant coating - Google Patents

Preparation method of titanium alloy wear-resistant coating Download PDF

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CN115255562B
CN115255562B CN202210994284.5A CN202210994284A CN115255562B CN 115255562 B CN115255562 B CN 115255562B CN 202210994284 A CN202210994284 A CN 202210994284A CN 115255562 B CN115255562 B CN 115255562B
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welding
titanium alloy
wire
wear
wire feeding
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CN115255562A (en
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李建国
贾冬生
马涛
张鹏
赵银虎
张建强
蔡春波
张新乐
王小龙
卢知渊
王国栋
何耀宇
王立新
常新宇
李宏博
段爱平
梁瑞
崔健伟
王艳丽
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Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
    • B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material processing and manufacturing, and discloses a preparation method of a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps: step one: cleaning the surface of the titanium alloy plate by adopting a mechanical polishing and acid washing or laser cleaning mode; step two: preheating the cleaned titanium alloy plate at 400 ℃; step three: an ERNi welding wire and a TA1 welding wire with the diameters of 1.2mm are selected and respectively arranged on two wire feeding mechanisms of double-wire MIG welding, the two wire feeding mechanisms are respectively controlled by two welding power supplies, and parameters such as welding current and voltage of the two wire feeding mechanisms are respectively adjusted; step four: arc material adding is carried out along the surface of the titanium alloy plate by adopting a double-wire welding method; step five: and (5) machining the surface of the wear-resistant layer in a linear cutting mode. The invention adopts a double-wire welding arc material-adding mode to prepare the NiTi2 alloy wear-resistant coating, has high efficiency and low cost, and is suitable for preparing the wear-resistant layers of various complex planes of titanium alloy.

Description

Preparation method of titanium alloy wear-resistant coating
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material processing and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method for preparing a NiTi2 alloy wear-resistant coating on the surface of a titanium alloy.
Background
Titanium alloy is widely used in the fields of aerospace, ocean, petrochemical industry, biomedical treatment and the like due to the excellent performances of high specific strength, corrosion resistance, low density and the like. However, titanium alloys have limited application in many fields due to their low wear resistance. In order to improve the surface properties of titanium and its alloys, researchers at home and abroad use many surface treatment techniques such as ion implantation, vapor deposition, micro-arc oxidation, carburization/nitrogen and laser cladding techniques. The laser cladding technology can enable the coating and the titanium alloy to form good metallurgical bonding, and the coating has fine grains and compact structure, thereby being an effective means for modifying the surface of the titanium alloy. However, laser cladding causes pores and cracks to occur inside due to a high cooling rate, and the process is also complicated.
Alloy NiTi 2 Is an alloy with high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and shock resistance, is commonly used as a coating material, is usually prepared into a wear-resistant coating by adopting a laser cladding mode, but the high material and manufacturing cost limit NiTi 2 Use of the alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, which aims to solve the technical problems of high cost and complex operation of the existing preparation of a NiTi2 alloy coating wear-resistant coating.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme of the preparation method of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
firstly, cleaning the surface of a titanium alloy plate by adopting a mechanical polishing and acid washing or laser cleaning mode to remove an oxide layer and oil stains on the surface;
step two, preheating the cleaned titanium alloy plate;
step three, respectively mounting an ERNi welding wire and a TA1 welding wire on two wire feeding mechanisms of double-wire MIG welding, integrating the two wire feeding mechanisms into a conductive nozzle, respectively controlling the two wire feeding mechanisms through two welding power sources, and respectively adjusting welding parameters of the two wire feeding mechanisms;
fourthly, arc material adding is carried out along the surface of the titanium alloy plate by adopting a double-wire welding method, so that two pure alloys react after being melted in a molten pool, and an alloy NiTi2 wear-resistant coating is formed by solidification;
and fifthly, machining the surface of the wear-resistant coating in a linear cutting mode, removing welding surplus and ensuring the surface to be smooth.
Preferably, the feeding speed of the ERNi welding wire is 1045mm/min, and the feeding speed of the TA1 welding wire is 1025mm/min.
Wherein, the welding current of both wire feeding mechanisms is 110-120A.
Wherein, the welding voltage of both wire feeding mechanisms is 15-17V.
Wherein, the welding speed of both wire feeding mechanisms is 100mm/min.
Wherein, the diameters of the ERNi welding wire and the TA1 welding wire are 1.2mm.
Ar is used as a protective gas in the welding process, and the gas flow is 20L/min.
And step two, preheating the cleaned titanium alloy plate at the temperature of 400 ℃.
The preparation method of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating has the following advantages: the NiTi2 alloy wear-resistant coating is prepared by adopting a double-wire welding arc material-adding mode, has high efficiency and low cost, and is suitable for preparing wear-resistant layers of various complex planes of titanium alloy.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, a method for preparing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to the present invention is described in further detail below.
The preparation method of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning the surface of the titanium alloy plate by adopting a mechanical polishing and acid washing or laser cleaning mode to remove an oxide layer and oil stains on the surface;
step two: preheating the cleaned titanium alloy plate at 400 ℃;
step three: an ERNi welding wire and a TA1 welding wire with the diameters of 1.2mm are selected and respectively arranged on two wire feeding mechanisms of double-wire MIG welding, the two wire feeding mechanisms are integrated in a conductive nozzle, the two wire feeding mechanisms are respectively controlled by two welding power supplies, and parameters such as welding current and voltage of the two wire feeding mechanisms are respectively adjusted;
step four: arc material adding is carried out along the surface of the titanium alloy plate by adopting a double-wire welding method, ar is adopted as protective gas in the welding process, and the gas flow is 20L/min;
step five: and (3) machining the surface of the wear-resistant layer in a linear cutting mode, removing welding allowance and ensuring the surface to be flat.
Based on NiTi 2 Atomic ratio of Ni and Ti in alloyCalculating the wire feeding rate of the welding process:
(1) Assume NiTi 2 The atomic fractions of Ni and Ti in the alloy were 33.33% and 66.67%, respectively, and then the mass fraction E of Ni and Ti was calculated according to the formula (2) x Wherein the relative atomic mass M x The values are shown in Table 1; the mass fraction E of Ni and Ti is calculated x Substituting the numerical value into the formula (1), calculating to obtain wire feeding speeds of two wires, wherein the unknown number is the wire feeding speed of the two wires, and the wire feeding speeds are shown in a table 2;
(2) Assuming that the calculated formula is the final set value, then substituting the final set value into formula (1) according to the obtained wire feeding speed of the welding wire, and reversely calculating the content of each element (containing trace elements) in the alloy NiTi 2 The mass fraction of each element is substituted into the formula (2) to obtain the atomic fraction of the last element, and the result is shown in table 1.
Figure BDA0003802144530000031
Figure BDA0003802144530000032
Wherein i is a different wire feedstock, E x (x=ni, ti) is the mass fraction of a certain element; e (E) xi (x=ni, ti; i=1, 2) is the mass fraction of an element in the different wires; θ i (i=1, 2) is the wire feed rate in mm/min; d, d i (i=1, 2) is wire diameter in mm; ρ i (i=1, 2) is the wire density in g/cm 3 ；M x (x=ni, ti) is the relative atomic mass; a is that x (x=ni, ti) is an atomic fraction of a certain element. In this example, parameters of the twin wire weld are shown in table 3.
TABLE 1 mass fraction, relative atomic mass and atomic fraction of each element in welding wire and NiTi2 alloy
Figure BDA0003802144530000033
Figure BDA0003802144530000041
TABLE 2 physical parameters of different welding wires and calculated wire feed speeds
Welding wire Wire diameter/mm Welding wire density/g/cm 3 Wire feeding speed/mm/min of welding machine
TA1 1.2 4.5 1045
ERNi 1.2 8.85 1025
TABLE 3 welding parameters
Welding wire current/A voltage/V Welding speed/mm/min Wire feed speed/mm/min
ERNi 110-120 15-17 100 1025
TA1 110-120 15-17 100 1045
According to the method for manufacturing the double-wire welding arc additive, the pure Ni welding wire ERNi and the pure Ti welding wire TA1 are respectively fed and welded in a double-wire welding mode, two pure alloys are melted in a molten pool and then react to form an alloy NiTi2 through different wire feeding speeds and welding heat input, and a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of about 2mm is formed on the surface of the titanium alloy in an arc additive mode. In the embodiment, after welding, the surface wear-resistant layer is inspected under a scanning electron microscope, the internal tissue of the coating is uniformly distributed, and defects such as segregation, air holes and cracks are not formed.
The invention has the advantages that: the cost is low, the coating preparation process is simple and easy to operate, the applicability is strong, and the method is also applicable to the preparation of the titanium alloy surface wear-resistant layer with a complex structure.
While embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and these should also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. The preparation method of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, cleaning the surface of a titanium alloy plate by adopting a mechanical polishing and acid washing or laser cleaning mode to remove an oxide layer and oil stains on the surface;
step two, preheating the cleaned titanium alloy plate;
respectively mounting ERNi welding wires and TA1 welding wires with diameters of 1.2mm on two wire feeding mechanisms for double-wire MIG welding, integrating the two wire feeding mechanisms into a conductive nozzle, respectively controlling the two wire feeding mechanisms through two welding power supplies, respectively adjusting welding parameters of the two wire feeding mechanisms, wherein the wire feeding speed of the ERNi welding wires is 1045mm/min, and the wire feeding speed of the TA1 welding wires is 1025 mm/min; the welding current of the two wire feeding mechanisms is 110-120A, the welding voltage is 15-17V, and the welding speed is 100mm/min;
fourthly, arc material adding is carried out along the surface of the titanium alloy plate by adopting a double-wire welding method, so that two pure alloys react after being melted in a molten pool, an alloy NiTi2 wear-resistant coating is formed by solidification, ar is adopted as protective gas in the welding process, and the gas flow is 20L/min;
and fifthly, machining the surface of the wear-resistant coating in a linear cutting mode, removing welding allowance and guaranteeing surface flatness.
2. The method for preparing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the cleaned titanium alloy plate is preheated at 400 ℃.
CN202210994284.5A 2022-08-17 2022-08-17 Preparation method of titanium alloy wear-resistant coating Active CN115255562B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103614686A (en) * 2013-11-17 2014-03-05 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 Method for preparing intermetallic compound composite coating through heterogeneous double-wire spraying and thermal treatment
CN105458470A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-04-06 江苏科技大学 Material increase manufacturing method for titanium alloy shape part by using double-arc hybrid heat source
CN109014522A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-18 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of intermetallic compound increasing material manufacturing method and device based on bypass mariages plasma arc
CN109332860A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-15 大连理工大学 A kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of 5083 aluminium alloys/TC4 titanium alloy structure
CN112139649A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-29 南京理工大学 Method for preparing titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound based on electron beam dual-wire fuse in-situ additive
CN112894076A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-04 温州大学 Double-wire electric arc additive manufacturing gradient high-entropy alloy equipment and manufacturing method of high-entropy alloy
CN114473152A (en) * 2022-03-03 2022-05-13 南京理工大学 Preparation method and device of double-wire-feeding polarity-variable plasma Ni-Nb superalloy

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103614686A (en) * 2013-11-17 2014-03-05 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 Method for preparing intermetallic compound composite coating through heterogeneous double-wire spraying and thermal treatment
CN105458470A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-04-06 江苏科技大学 Material increase manufacturing method for titanium alloy shape part by using double-arc hybrid heat source
CN109014522A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-18 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of intermetallic compound increasing material manufacturing method and device based on bypass mariages plasma arc
CN109332860A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-15 大连理工大学 A kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of 5083 aluminium alloys/TC4 titanium alloy structure
CN112139649A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-29 南京理工大学 Method for preparing titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound based on electron beam dual-wire fuse in-situ additive
CN112894076A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-04 温州大学 Double-wire electric arc additive manufacturing gradient high-entropy alloy equipment and manufacturing method of high-entropy alloy
CN114473152A (en) * 2022-03-03 2022-05-13 南京理工大学 Preparation method and device of double-wire-feeding polarity-variable plasma Ni-Nb superalloy

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