CN115255019A - Copper-aluminum composite material for light zipper and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Copper-aluminum composite material for light zipper and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115255019A
CN115255019A CN202210720049.9A CN202210720049A CN115255019A CN 115255019 A CN115255019 A CN 115255019A CN 202210720049 A CN202210720049 A CN 202210720049A CN 115255019 A CN115255019 A CN 115255019A
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copper
aluminum
composite material
alloy
refining
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CN115255019B (en
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张桓
赵立洋
李小凤
宋健磊
田胤发
段妍彤
张佳辉
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Jiangsu Hengtong Electric Power Special Wire Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengtong Electric Power Special Wire Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/003Aluminium alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/16Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/525Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of alloy materials, and particularly relates to a copper-aluminum composite material for a light zipper and a preparation method thereof. The copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper comprises an aluminum alloy inner layer and a copper alloy outer layer, wherein the aluminum alloy inner layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.05-0.10%, fe:0.08 to 0.16%, mn:0.05-0.09%, mg:15-20%, cr:0.50-0.70%, V is less than or equal to 0.001%, ti:0.01-0.05%, be:0.03-0.05%, er:0.01-0.02%, and the balance of Al and other inevitable impurities. Through the design, the surface material has good wear resistance and good metal luster, is close to the platinum metal luster, and is suitable for ornaments. The internal aluminum alloy has enough tensile strength and toughness, and can provide enough strength and service life in the use process.

Description

Copper-aluminum composite material for light zipper and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy materials, and particularly relates to a copper-aluminum composite material for a light zipper and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, in the clothing decoration industry, a zipper gradually replaces buttons, the using amount of the zipper is continuously increased, the zipper mainly has two types at present, one type of the zipper is a metal zipper mainly made of brass, the metal zipper is good in wear resistance, high in tensile strength, long in service life, good in metal luster, close to golden color and popular with consumers, but the copper price is high, the density is high, so that the copper alloy zipper is high in manufacturing cost, the use is influenced to a certain extent, and the copper alloy zipper can only be used in some special industries; the other zipper mainly uses resin materials as main materials, has low manufacturing cost and light weight, can manufacture zippers of various colors, but has low tensile strength, poor wear resistance and easy deformation under heat, so that the resin zipper can only be used in places and places with low requirements.
The zipper is produced by the brass material by the upward drawing method, the production efficiency is low, the production speed is 0.8 ton per hour, and the production cost is high. And (3) subsequently drawing a copper rod with the diameter of 12mm to the conventional specification of 3.6mm, wherein the manufacturing cost is high, the price of copper is about 7 ten thousand per ton, and the high copper price limits the development of copper alloy in the zipper industry. Copper has a high density, requiring 8.96 tons of copper per unit volume, and zippers of the same size require 3.28 times the weight of copper as aluminum, and the price of copper of the same weight is 3.5 times that of aluminum. The price is 11.5 times that of the same volume of copper and aluminum. The aluminum alloy has low price, low density and large reserve capacity in nature, is suitable for being widely popularized in the zipper industry, but has poor wear resistance and short service life, and cannot meet the normal use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a copper-aluminum composite material for a light zipper, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Melting aluminum alloy, adding AlB3Carrying out primary refining after the reaction to obtain aluminum liquid A;
(2) Adding an intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid A, then carrying out secondary refining, and removing impurities to obtain aluminum liquid B;
(3) Casting the aluminum liquid B in a copper alloy belt to obtain a copper-aluminum composite material to be treated;
(4) Rolling the copper-aluminum composite material to be treated and then quenching to obtain the copper-aluminum composite material to be molded;
(5) Drawing the copper-aluminum composite material to be formed, and performing bimetal bright annealing to enable the copper alloy strip to form a copper alloy outer layer, and the aluminum liquid B to form an aluminum alloy inner layer, so as to obtain the copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper;
the aluminum alloy inner layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
si:0.05-0.10%, fe:0.08 to 0.16%, mn:0.05-0.09%, mg:15-20%, cr:0.50-0.70%, V is less than or equal to 0.001%, ti:0.01-0.05%, be:0.03-0.05%, er:0.01 to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Al and other inevitable impurities;
the copper alloy outer layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
si:0.8-1.6%, ni:15-20%, al:8-12.0%, mn:5.2-6.0%, ti:0.05-0.1%, B:0.02-0.06%, fe:0.2-0.06%, and the balance of Cu and other inevitable impurities.
The intermediate alloy is aluminum-manganese alloy, aluminum-chromium alloy, aluminum-titanium alloy, aluminum-beryllium alloy, aluminum-erbium alloy and magnesium ingot; and adding the intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid A after calculation according to the weight percentage of each element in the inner layer of the aluminum alloy.
Preferably, in the step (1), the purity of the aluminum alloy is not less than 99.75%.
Preferably, in the step (1), the refining gas in the primary refining is chlorine gas, the temperature is 720-740 ℃, and the time is 20-30min.
Furthermore, in the primary refining, the powder blowing time is required to be 15-20 minutes, so that the refining effect is ensured; standing for 2 hours after the primary refining is finished, and ensuring that the impurity elements in the aluminum liquid A float upward and sink and are separated sufficiently.
Preferably, in the step (2), the refining gas in the secondary refining is chlorine gas, the temperature is 720-740 ℃, and the time is 40-45min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the method for removing impurities comprises: and standing the aluminum liquid A for 30-35min after the secondary refining is finished, slagging off, and standing for 1-3h.
Preferably, in the step (3), the casting temperature is 700-720 ℃.
Furthermore, in the step (3), the degassing type vertical bimetal casting machine comprises a round billet supporting wheel and a round billet approach bridge, the bimetallic round billet is sent into the round billet approach bridge by the driving of the round billet supporting wheel, and then enters the two-roller mill from the round billet approach bridge.
Specifically, in the step (3), the casting method comprises the following steps: discharging the refined and standing aluminum alloy melt in a tilting mode, carrying out continuous casting after filtering, degassing and refining treatment, and carrying out casting in a degassing type vertical bimetal casting mode. Pouring aluminum liquid into a straight cylinder with the diameter of 40mm which is formed by coiling a copper alloy belt (the width is 125.6mm and the thickness is 2 mm) by using a pressing wheel, then using a laser welding interface, then pouring aluminum alloy liquid into the copper alloy cylinder from a pouring ladle, cooling and solidifying the middle aluminum liquid by using a mode of directly spraying cooling water to the copper alloy by using a degassing type vertical bimetal casting machine, then sending a bimetal round billet into a round billet approach bridge under the drive of a round billet supporting wheel, and then entering a two-roll mill from the round billet approach bridge. The speed of the round billet supporting wheel and the pressure of cooling water are controlled to ensure that the temperature of the round billet which is discharged from the conveying supporting wheel to the approach bridge is 360-420 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4), the rolling temperature is 360-420 ℃.
Specifically, the rolling mill adopts a full two-roller rolling mill, and the round billet is thermally deformed to phi 9.5mm in a circular and elliptical mutual deformation mode.
Preferably, in the step (4), the quenching method comprises: the temperature is reduced to 110-130 ℃ within 4-6 s.
Preferably, in the step (5), the number of drawing is 6 to 8, and the deformation amount of each drawing is 25 to 30%.
Specifically, the drawing deformation process is as follows:
Figure BDA0003710918120000021
bright annealing
Figure BDA0003710918120000031
Bright annealing.
Preferably, in the step (5), the bimetal bright annealing comprises the following steps: and (3) drawing the copper-aluminum composite material to be molded, heating to 520-560 ℃ at a speed of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 44-52h, and cooling to room temperature (25 +/-5 ℃).
The invention also provides the copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper, which is prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the two metals can be tightly combined by adopting a bimetal integral forming mode, and the two metals do not fall off in subsequent processing;
2. the continuous casting and rolling of the bimetal alloy material have high efficiency and high production efficiency, the production speed is improved by 375 percent compared with that of brass, and the manufacturing cost is low;
3. through the design of copper alloy and aluminum alloy components, the surface material has good wear resistance and good metal glossiness which is close to platinum metal glossiness, and is suitable for ornaments. The internal aluminum alloy has enough tensile strength and toughness, so that the internal aluminum alloy is easy to form in subsequent processing engineering, and can provide enough strength and service life in the using process;
4. the finished product of the copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper has low density, and can be reduced by 57% compared with copper alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a copper-aluminum composite material for a light weight slide fastener.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a degasified vertical bimetallic casting machine.
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the degasified vertical bimetallic casting machine.
FIG. 4 is a top view of a degasified vertical bimetallic casting machine.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a degasified vertical bimetallic casting machine.
Description of reference numerals: the steel plate comprises a 1-copper alloy outer layer, a 2-aluminum alloy inner layer, a 3-round billet supporting wheel, a 4-bimetal round billet and a 5-round billet approach bridge.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can carry out the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper in the embodiment 1-3 comprises an aluminum alloy inner layer 2 and a copper alloy outer layer 1,
the aluminum alloy inner layer 2 comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
si:0.05-0.10%, fe:0.08-0.16%, mn:0.05-0.09%, mg:15-20%, cr:0.50-0.70%, V is less than or equal to 0.001%, ti:0.01-0.05%, be:0.03-0.05%, er:0.01-0.02% and the balance of Al and other inevitable impurities;
the copper alloy outer layer 1 comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
si:0.8-1.6%, ni:15-20%, al:8-12.0%, mn:5.2-6.0%, ti:0.05-0.1%, B:0.02-0.06%, fe:0.2-0.06%, and the balance of Cu and other unavoidable impurities.
Example 1
(1) Smelting: putting 99.75% of aluminum ingots into a melting furnace for melting, putting aluminum-boron alloy gold according to the vanadium content of molten aluminum after melting, performing first-step impurity element reduction, heating the melted alloy to 730 ℃, adding a refining agent according to the proportion of 0.1%, and refining by using 99.999% of chlorine for 20min, wherein the powder blowing time is required to be 15min, and the refining effect is ensured; and standing for 2 hours after the refining of the aluminum liquid is finished, so that impurity elements in the aluminum liquid are fully floated and sunk for separation.
(2) Alloying: pouring molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace from the middle part of the liquid surface after refining and standing in the melting furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum is 730 ℃. Adding the intermediate alloy according to the weight of the alloy components and the aluminum liquid by calculation, starting electromagnetic stirring, stirring for 30min, standing for 30min, and then sampling to detect the components. After the components are qualified, adding a molten sodium-removing particle refining agent into the refining tank according to 0.1 percent of the weight, and refining by using chlorine gas of 99.999 percent for 42min. Standing for 30min after refining, removing the residue on the liquid surface, and standing for 2h.
(3) And (3) integrally forming bimetal: discharging the refined and standing aluminum alloy melt in a tilting mode, carrying out filtration, degassing and refining treatment, and then carrying out continuous casting, wherein the casting temperature is controlled at 710 ℃, and the degassing type vertical bimetal casting mode is adopted for casting. Pouring aluminum liquid into a straight cylinder with the diameter of 40mm, which is formed by coiling a copper alloy belt (the width is 125.6mm and the thickness is 2 mm) by using a pressing wheel, then using a laser welding interface, then pouring aluminum alloy liquid into a copper alloy cylinder from a pouring ladle, cooling and solidifying the middle aluminum liquid by using a degassing type vertical bimetal casting machine in a mode of directly spraying cooling water to the copper alloy, then sending a bimetal round billet 4 into a round billet approach bridge 5 under the drive of a round billet supporting wheel 3, and then entering a two-roller mill from the round billet approach bridge 5. The speed of the round billet supporting wheel 3 and the pressure of cooling water are controlled to ensure that the temperature of the round billet coming out of the conveying supporting wheel and on the approach bridge is 400 ℃.
(4) Rolling: the rolling and casting are carried out continuously, the rolling mill adopts a full two-roller rolling mill, the round billet is thermally deformed to phi 9.5mm in a circular and elliptical mutual deformation mode, the heat of aluminum liquid is fully utilized in the rolling process, then a heater is used for carrying out secondary on-line temperature raising, the temperature of the round billet before rolling is ensured, the sufficient plasticity of the round billet is ensured, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, quenching treatment is carried out after rolling is finished, the rod after rolling deformation enters cold water for rapid cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃ from 400 ℃ within 5 s.
(5) Drawing: the rolled material obtained above was subjected to cold drawing. The deformation of each time is 27.5 percent, the finished product phi is 3.60mm after 8 times of drawing, and the intermediate annealing is performed twice, so that the whole process is bimetal bright annealing. (phi 9.5 mm-phi 8.41 mm-phi 7.45 mm-phi 6.60 mm-phi 5.84 mm-bright annealing-phi 5.18 mm-phi 4.58 mm-phi 4.06 mm-phi 3.60 mm-bright annealing)
(6) And (3) bimetal bright annealing: and (4) carrying out bimetal bright annealing on the monofilament after cold drawing. In order to ensure the surface brightness after annealing, a low-pressure nitrogen-filled normal-pressure annealing process, a rapid heating-up lengthening time heat preservation process and a nitrogen-filled cooling annealing process are adopted, the temperature is rapidly raised in the heating-up stage, the temperature is preserved for 48 hours after the temperature is preserved, and then the temperature is rapidly cooled to the room temperature, so that a finished product is obtained. (the composite metal monofilament is wound into a coil and then is put into a vacuum annealing furnace for sealing, then is vacuumized, is pumped to-0.1 MPa, then is filled with 99.999 percent nitrogen, is stopped after being filled to normal pressure, is heated by turning on a power supply, is heated to 540 ℃ according to the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, is kept warm for 48 hours, is filled with nitrogen for cooling and ensures the surface brightness)
Example 2
(1) Smelting: putting 99.75% of aluminum ingots into a melting furnace for melting, putting aluminum-boron alloy gold according to the vanadium content of aluminum liquid after melting, performing first-step impurity element reduction, heating the melted alloy to 720 ℃, adding a refining agent according to the proportion of 0.1%, refining by using 99.999% of chlorine for 20min, and requiring powder blowing time of 15min to ensure the refining effect; and standing for 2 hours after the refining of the aluminum liquid is finished, so as to ensure that impurity elements in the aluminum liquid float upward and sink and are separated fully.
(2) Alloying: pouring molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace from the middle part of the liquid surface after refining and standing in the melting furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum is 720 ℃. Adding the intermediate alloy according to the weight of the alloy components and the aluminum liquid by calculation, starting electromagnetic stirring, stirring for 30min, standing for 30min, and then sampling to detect the components. After the components are qualified, adding a molten sodium-removing particle refining agent into the refining tank according to 0.1 percent of the weight, and refining by using chlorine gas of 99.999 percent for 40min. Standing for 30min after refining, removing the residue on the liquid surface, and standing for 2h.
(3) And (3) integrally forming bimetal: discharging the refined and standing aluminum alloy melt in a tilting mode, carrying out filtration, degassing and refining treatment, and then carrying out continuous casting, wherein the casting temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and the degassing type vertical bimetal casting mode is adopted for casting. Pouring aluminum liquid into a straight cylinder with the diameter of 40mm, which is formed by coiling a copper alloy belt (the width is 125.6mm and the thickness is 2 mm) by using a pressing wheel, then using a laser welding interface, then pouring aluminum alloy liquid into a copper alloy cylinder from a pouring ladle, cooling and solidifying the middle aluminum liquid by using a degassing type vertical bimetal casting machine in a mode of directly spraying cooling water to the copper alloy, then sending a bimetal round billet 4 into a round billet approach bridge 5 under the drive of a round billet supporting wheel 3, and then entering a two-roller mill from the round billet approach bridge 5. The speed of the round billet supporting wheel 3 and the pressure of the cooling water are controlled, so that the temperature of the round billet which is discharged from the conveying supporting wheel to the approach bridge is 360-420 ℃.
(4) Rolling: the rolling and casting are continuously carried out, the rolling mill adopts a full two-roller rolling mill, the round billet is thermally deformed to phi 9.5mm in a circular and elliptical mutual deformation mode, the heat of aluminum liquid is fully utilized in the rolling process, then a heater is used for carrying out secondary on-line temperature raising, the temperature of the round billet before rolling is ensured, the sufficient plasticity of the round billet is ensured, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, quenching treatment is carried out after rolling is finished, the rolled and deformed rod material enters cold water for rapid cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃ from 360 ℃ within 5 s.
(5) Drawing: the rolled material obtained above was subjected to cold drawing. The deformation amount of each time is 27.5 percent, the finished product phi is 3.60mm after 8 times of drawing, and the intermediate annealing is carried out twice, and the whole process is bimetal bright annealing. (phi 9.5 mm-phi 8.41 mm-phi 7.45 mm-phi 6.60 mm-phi 5.84 mm-bright annealing-phi 5.18 mm-phi 4.58 mm-phi 4.06 mm-phi 3.60 mm-bright annealing)
(6) And (3) bimetal bright annealing: and carrying out bimetal bright annealing on the monofilament subjected to cold drawing. In order to ensure the surface brightness after annealing, a low-pressure nitrogen-filled normal-pressure annealing process, a rapid heating-up lengthening time heat preservation process and a nitrogen-filled cooling annealing process are adopted, the temperature is rapidly raised in the heating-up stage, the temperature is preserved for 48 hours after the temperature is preserved, and then the temperature is rapidly cooled to the room temperature, so that a finished product is obtained. (the composite metal monofilament is wound into a coil and then is put into a vacuum annealing furnace for sealing, then is vacuumized, is pumped to-0.1 MPa, then is filled with 99.999 percent nitrogen, is stopped after being filled to normal pressure, is heated by turning on a power supply, is heated to 540 ℃ according to the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, is kept warm for 48 hours, is filled with nitrogen for cooling and ensures the surface brightness)
Example 3
(1) Smelting: putting 99.75% of aluminum ingots into a melting furnace for melting, putting aluminum-boron alloy gold according to the vanadium content of molten aluminum after melting, performing first-step impurity element reduction, heating the melted alloy to 740 ℃, adding a refining agent according to the proportion of 0.1%, and refining by using 99.999% of chlorine for 30min, wherein the powder blowing time is required to be 15-20min, and the refining effect is ensured; and standing for 2 hours after the refining of the aluminum liquid is finished, so as to ensure that impurity elements in the aluminum liquid float upward and sink and are separated fully.
(2) Alloying: pouring molten aluminum into the heat preservation furnace from the middle part of the liquid surface after refining and standing in the melting furnace, wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum is 740 ℃. Adding an intermediate alloy according to the weight of alloy components and aluminum liquid by calculation, starting electromagnetic stirring, stirring for 35min, standing for 35min, and sampling to detect the components. After the components are qualified, adding a molten sodium-removing particle refining agent into the refining tank according to 0.2 percent of the weight, and refining by using 99.999 percent of chlorine for 45min. Standing for 35min after refining, removing the slag on the liquid surface, and standing for 2h.
(3) And (3) integrally forming bimetal: discharging the refined and standing aluminum alloy melt in a tilting mode, carrying out filtration, degassing and refining treatment, and then carrying out continuous casting, wherein the casting temperature is controlled at 720 ℃, and the degassing type vertical bimetal casting mode is adopted for casting. Pouring aluminum liquid into a straight cylinder with the diameter of 40mm, which is formed by coiling a copper alloy belt (the width is 125.6mm and the thickness is 2 mm) by using a pressing wheel, then using a laser welding interface, then pouring aluminum alloy liquid into a copper alloy cylinder from a pouring ladle, cooling and solidifying the middle aluminum liquid by using a degassing type vertical bimetal casting machine in a mode of directly spraying cooling water to the copper alloy, then sending a bimetal round billet 4 into a round billet approach bridge 5 under the drive of a round billet supporting wheel 3, and then entering a two-roller mill from the round billet approach bridge 5. The speed of the round billet supporting wheel 3 and the pressure of the cooling water are controlled, so that the temperature of the round billet which is discharged from the conveying supporting wheel to the approach bridge is 360-420 ℃.
(4) Rolling: the rolling and casting are continuously carried out, the rolling mill adopts a full two-roller rolling mill, the round billet is thermally deformed to phi 9.5mm in a circular and elliptical mutual deformation mode, the heat of aluminum liquid is fully utilized in the rolling process, then a heater is used for carrying out secondary on-line temperature raising, the temperature of the round billet before rolling is ensured, the sufficient plasticity of the round billet is ensured, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, quenching treatment is carried out after rolling is finished, the rolled and deformed rod material enters cold water for rapid cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃ from 440 ℃ within 5 s.
(5) Drawing: the rolled material obtained above was subjected to cold drawing. The deformation of each time is 27.5 percent, the finished product phi is 3.60mm after 8 times of drawing, and the intermediate annealing is performed twice, so that the whole process is bimetal bright annealing. (phi 9.5 mm-phi 8.41 mm-phi 7.45 mm-phi 6.60 mm-phi 5.84 mm-bright annealing-phi 5.18 mm-phi 4.58 mm-phi 4.06 mm-phi 3.60 mm-bright annealing)
(6) And (3) bimetal bright annealing: and (4) carrying out bimetal bright annealing on the monofilament after cold drawing. In order to ensure the surface brightness after annealing, a low-pressure nitrogen-filled normal-pressure annealing process, a rapid heating-up lengthening time heat preservation process and a nitrogen-filled cooling annealing process are adopted, the temperature is rapidly raised in the heating-up stage, the temperature is preserved for 48 hours after the temperature is preserved, and then the temperature is rapidly cooled to the room temperature, so that a finished product is obtained. (the composite metal monofilament is coiled into a coil and then is put into a vacuum annealing furnace for sealing, then is vacuumized, is pumped to-0.1 MPa, is filled with 99.999 percent nitrogen, is filled to normal pressure and then is stopped, is heated by turning on a power supply, is heated to 540 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, is kept warm for 48 hours, is filled with nitrogen for cooling and ensures the surface brightness)
Evaluation of Effect
The chemical compositions of examples 1-3 are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 chemical composition of aluminum alloy in examples 1 to 3
Figure BDA0003710918120000071
Table 2 copper alloy chemistries in examples 1-3
Figure BDA0003710918120000072
TABLE 3 analysis of Properties of examples 1-3
Figure BDA0003710918120000073
Table 4 analysis data of properties of prior art annealed copper
Figure BDA0003710918120000081
Analysis of the properties of examples 1-3 and of the annealed copper (copper alloy) according to the prior art As shown in tables 3 and 4, the conventional product currently used in the industry is annealed copper, which has a tensile strength of about 320-350MPa and a density average of 8.9kg/cm3. The properties of the products of examples 1 to 3 according to the invention were compared and specified
Figure BDA0003710918120000082
(+ -0.01 mm) of actual specification
Figure BDA0003710918120000083
Left and right; the elongation is 15-30%, the tensile strength is 400-470MPa, and the value is far greater than that of annealed copper; meanwhile, the density of the composite material obtained by the invention is 3.90-3.95kg/cm3The mass abrasion loss is 0.008-0.009g, which is far less than that of the prior art annealed copper.
In conclusion, the copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper, which is obtained by the invention, has high strength, light weight and excellent application effect.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Various other modifications and alterations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a copper-aluminum composite material for a light zipper is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Melting aluminum alloy, adding AlB3Carrying out primary refining after the reaction to obtain aluminum liquid A;
(2) Adding an intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid A, then carrying out secondary refining, and removing impurities to obtain aluminum liquid B;
(3) Casting the aluminum liquid B in a copper alloy belt to obtain a copper-aluminum composite material to be treated;
(4) Rolling the copper-aluminum composite material to be treated and then quenching to obtain the copper-aluminum composite material to be molded;
(5) Drawing the copper-aluminum composite material to be formed, and performing bimetal bright annealing to enable the copper alloy strip to form a copper alloy outer layer, and the aluminum liquid B to form an aluminum alloy inner layer, so as to obtain the copper-aluminum composite material for the light zipper;
the aluminum alloy inner layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
si:0.05-0.10%, fe:0.08 to 0.16%, mn:0.05-0.09%, mg:15-20%, cr:0.50-0.70%, V is less than or equal to 0.001%, ti:0.01-0.05%, be:0.03-0.05%, er:0.01-0.02% and the balance of Al and other inevitable impurities;
the copper alloy outer layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
si:0.8-1.6%, ni:15-20%, al:8-12.0%, mn:5.2-6.0%, ti:0.05-0.1%, B:0.02-0.06%, fe:0.2-0.06%, and the balance of Cu and other unavoidable impurities.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the refining gas in the primary refining is chlorine gas, the temperature is 720-740 ℃, and the time is 20-30min.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the refining gas in the secondary refining is chlorine gas, the temperature is 720-740 ℃, and the time is 40-45min.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the impurity removal method comprises: and standing the aluminum liquid A for 30-35min after the secondary refining is finished, slagging off, and standing for 1-3h.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the casting temperature in the step (3) is 700 to 720 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the rolling temperature is 360 to 420 ℃.
7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the quenching is performed by: the temperature is lowered to 110-130 ℃ within 4-6 s.
8. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the number of drawing is 6 to 8, and the amount of deformation per one drawing is 25 to 30%.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the bimetal bright annealing comprises the steps of: and (3) drawing the copper-aluminum composite material to be molded, heating to 520-560 ℃ at a speed of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 44-52h, and cooling to room temperature.
10. A copper-aluminum composite material for a light zipper, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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