CN115254968A - Manufacturing process of 316L seamless stainless steel tube - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of 316L seamless stainless steel tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN115254968A CN115254968A CN202210829671.3A CN202210829671A CN115254968A CN 115254968 A CN115254968 A CN 115254968A CN 202210829671 A CN202210829671 A CN 202210829671A CN 115254968 A CN115254968 A CN 115254968A
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- pipe
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- deformation
- stainless steel
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
- B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
- B21B19/04—Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structure; Piercing, e.g. rotary piercing mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
- B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
- B21B19/06—Rolling hollow basic material, e.g. Assel mills
- B21B19/10—Finishing, e.g. smoothing, sizing, reeling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
- B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
- B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/02—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
- C23G3/04—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a 316L seamless stainless steel tube, which comprises the following steps of heating a cast ingot bar to 1080-1200 ℃, and then preserving heat to prepare a pierced billet; step two, cold rolling the pierced billet; removing the lubricating oil on the outer surface of the pipe; heating the pipe to 950-1100 ℃, preserving the heat, and spraying the pipe with room temperature water; step five, reducing the diameter of the pipe through a cold drawing die; step six, firstly carrying out rough straightening and then carrying out fine straightening on the pipe; the manufacturing process provided by the invention can enable the size and the straightness of the pipe to meet the technical requirements, and avoid the deformation waves generated on the surface of the pipe; the pipe is reduced by a cold drawing die so as to reach the size required by the process and improve the roundness of the pipe; the combination of the solid solution treatment and the room-temperature water spraying can improve the metallographic structure of the pipe while softening the pipe; the step straightening process can reduce the pressure of the straightening roller on the pipe, and avoid the generation of waves on the surface of the pipe due to large primary straightening deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stainless steel pipes for nuclear power, in particular to a manufacturing process of a 316L seamless stainless steel pipe.
Background
Most of the existing nuclear power precision pipes are imported, the similar domestic 316L seamless stainless steel pipes have poor dimensional precision, and the comprehensive performance and the like can not meet the requirements of nuclear power precision seamless stainless steel pipes; in order to meet the mechanical property requirement of the pipe, the 316L seamless stainless steel needs to be subjected to solution treatment. In the process of solution treatment, because the uniformity of heating and the uniformity of rapid cooling of each part of the pipe are not completely consistent, the deformation is generated in the solution treatment, and the roundness and straightness of the inner diameter and the outer diameter formed by cold working are deteriorated, so that the pipe needs to be improved by a mechanical straightening mode.
In the prior art, the surface of a pipe can generate straightening waves by directly straightening a 316L stainless steel pipe subjected to solution treatment, and the tolerance of the inner diameter and the outer diameter can be seriously influenced, so that the pipe is scrapped. The reason why the waves are generated is that the manufactured 316L stainless steel pipe is a thin-walled pipe, the finished product is subjected to solution treatment to soften the pipe, the roundness and straightness of the pipe are poor, and the pipe is directly straightened to bear higher pressure, so that the surface of the pipe generates deformation waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing process of a 316L seamless stainless steel tube, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: a manufacturing process of a 316L seamless stainless steel tube comprises the following steps of firstly, heating an ingot bar to 1080-1200 ℃, preserving heat, and preparing the bar into a pierced billet after heat preservation is finished;
step two, cold rolling the pierced billet prepared in the step one to obtain a deformation hardened pipe;
step three, removing the lubricating oil on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe subjected to deformation hardening in the step two;
step four, heating the deformation-hardened pipe processed in the step three to 950-1100 ℃, preserving heat, spraying the pipe with room-temperature water after heat preservation, and cleaning the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe with acidic aqueous solution;
step five, reducing the diameter of the pipe processed in the step four through a cold drawing die;
sixthly, performing rough straightening and then fine straightening on the pipe processed in the fourth step, wherein,
the rough straightening operation is as follows: the straightening roller is pressed down according to 40-60% of the total pressing amount, and the pipe is stopped after the straightness of the pipe reaches 2 mm/m;
the fine straightening operation is as follows: and pressing down the straightening roller according to 40-60% of the total pressing amount to ensure that the straightness of the pipe is less than or equal to 0.1mm/m, thereby obtaining the target pipe.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the temperature is kept for 20-60 min in the first step.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the second step of the cold rolling, the pierced billet is fitted over the mandrel, and the outer wall of the pierced billet abuts against the press roll.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the heat preservation time in the fourth step is 10-30 min.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acidic aqueous solution used in the above-mentioned step four is obtained by 5% HF, 25% HNO3And 70% of H2And O, mixing and preparing.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the pipe in the second step is subjected to cold rolling and shaping, and then a mechanical cutting method is adopted to remove pits, folds and microcracks generated in the pipe manufacturing process by hot perforation on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe, wherein the wall thickness cutting amount accounts for 2-13% of the total wall thickness.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the first step, the pipe is subjected to cold rolling by adopting a two-roll cold rolling mill and a multi-roll cold rolling mill, the rolling deformation of the two-roll cold rolling mill is controlled to be 50-70%, and the rolling deformation of the multi-roll cold rolling mill is controlled to be 20-40%.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cold drawing step in the fifth step may be lined with a mandrel or not.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the fifth step, a phi 19.80mm mould with the machining precision less than or equal to 0.0005mm is used for carrying out cold drawing treatment on the pipe treated in the fourth step.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the manufacturing process provided by the invention can enable the size and the straightness of the pipe to meet the technical requirements, and avoid the deformation waves generated on the surface of the pipe. The pipe is reduced by special cold drawing dies with different sizes so as to meet the size of the process requirement. Due to the fact that the machining precision of the cold drawing die hole is high, the roundness of the pipe can be improved through cold drawing; the combination of solid solution treatment and room temperature water spraying and rapid cooling can quickly reduce the temperature of the pipe below the intergranular corrosion sensitization temperature, and improve the metallographic structure of the pipe while softening the pipe; the step straightening process can reduce the pressure of the straightening roller on the pipe, and avoid the generation of waves on the surface of the pipe due to large primary straightening deformation. Meanwhile, the first straightening can improve the plastic deformation strength of the pipe by 5-10 percent, and can prevent the generation of straightening waves during the second fine straightening.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the present application will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.
Example 1
A process for manufacturing a 316L seamless stainless steel tube, the process comprising the steps of:
step one, heating a cast ingot bar to 1080-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 20-60 min, and preparing the bar into a pierced billet after the heat preservation is finished;
step two, cold rolling the pierced billet prepared in the step one, wherein the pierced billet is sleeved on the mandrel during the cold rolling, and the outer wall of the pierced billet is abutted against a compression roller to obtain a deformation-hardened pipe; the roundness of the core rod is less than or equal to 0.001mm; the outlet taper of the core rod is controlled to be about 0.01mm, so that the pipe can be conveniently separated from the core rod in the rolling process, and the formation of inner diameter annular wave marks is prevented; the method adopts CASTROL TDN81 internal lubricating liquid with good fluidity to ensure that a layer of lubricating liquid is uniformly adhered to the inner wall of the pipe before rolling, thereby avoiding the influence on the inner diameter size of a rolled pipe caused by different lubricating thicknesses of the core rod and the inner surface of the pipe in different parts of the pipe during rolling; cold rolling the pipe by adopting a two-roller (LG) cold rolling mill and a multi-roller (LD) cold rolling mill, wherein the rolling deformation of the two-roller cold rolling mill is controlled to be 50-70 percent, and the rolling deformation of the multi-roller cold rolling mill is controlled to be 20-40 percent; the pipe in the second step is cold-rolled and formed, and then a mechanical cutting method is adopted to remove pits, folds and microcracks generated in the pipe manufacturing process due to hot perforation on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe, and the wall thickness cutting amount accounts for 2% -13% of the total wall thickness; through the fine control rolling, the roundness of the inner diameter and the wall thickness deviation of the last LD cold rolling tube are within +/-0.005 mm, which is within the technical requirement range of the subsequent processing;
step three, removing the lubricating oil on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe subjected to deformation hardening in the step two;
step four, heating the deformation-hardened pipe processed in the step three to 950-1100 ℃, then preserving heat for 10-30 min, spraying the pipe with room temperature water after heat preservation is finished, and cleaning the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe with acidic aqueous solution; the acidic aqueous solution is composed of 5% HF, 25% HNO3And 70% of H2Mixing and preparing O;
step five, reducing the diameter of the pipe subjected to the treatment in the step four through a cold drawing die; the concrete operation is that a phi 19.80mm mould with the processing precision less than or equal to 0.0005mm is used for cold drawing the pipe processed in the fourth step, the roundness formed by the phi 19.82mm cold-rolled pipe and less than or equal to 0.005mm is degraded to 0.02 mm-0.06 mm after the fourth step, the processing precision of a cold-drawn mould hole reaches the roundness less than or equal to 0.0005mm, and the roundness of the pipe can be recovered to be less than or equal to 0.01mm after the cold drawing treatment is carried out on the pipe by the phi 19.80mm mould by utilizing the physical characteristics of metal materials. Because the change of the outer diameter of cold drawing is only reduced by 0.02mm, and the wall thickness is not changed, the influence of cold drawing micro-shaping on the mechanical property of the pipe is very small;
step six, firstly carrying out rough straightening and then carrying out fine straightening on the pipe processed in the step four, wherein the rough straightening operation is as follows: the straightening roller is pressed down according to 40-60% of the total pressing amount, and the straightening roller is stopped after the straightness of the pipe reaches 2 mm/m;
the fine straightening operation is as follows: the straightening roller is pressed down according to 40-60% of the total pressing amount, so that the straightness of the pipe is less than or equal to 0.1mm/m, and the target pipe is obtained.
Example 2
The steel pipes prepared in example 1 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively. As is clear from the numerical values of the roundness tolerance, the surface roughness tolerance and the straightness tolerance in Table 1, the pipe obtained in example 1 was excellent in the roundness and the straightness after the straightening operation. Table 2 shows the metallographic structure of a 316L seamless stainless steel pipe.
TABLE 1 316L seamless stainless steel pipe dimensional tolerance
TABLE 2 316L metallographic structure of seamless stainless steel tube
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equally replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A process for manufacturing a 316L seamless stainless steel tube, comprising the steps of:
step one, heating a cast ingot bar to 1080-1200 ℃, preserving heat, and preparing the bar into a pierced billet after heat preservation is finished;
step two, cold rolling the pierced billet prepared in the step one to obtain a deformation hardened pipe;
step three, removing the lubricating oil on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe subjected to deformation hardening in the step two;
step four, heating the deformation-hardened pipe processed in the step three to 950-1100 ℃, preserving heat, spraying the pipe with room-temperature water after heat preservation, and cleaning the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe with acidic aqueous solution;
step five, reducing the diameter of the pipe subjected to the treatment in the step four through a cold drawing die;
sixthly, performing rough straightening and then fine straightening on the pipe processed in the fourth step, wherein,
the rough straightening operation is as follows: the straightening roller is pressed down according to 40-60% of the total pressing amount, and the straightening roller is stopped after the straightness of the pipe reaches 2 mm/m;
the fine straightening operation is as follows: and pressing down the straightening roller according to 40-60% of the total pressing down amount to ensure that the straightness of the pipe is less than or equal to 0.1mm/m, thus obtaining the target pipe.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the first step is performed for 20-60 min.
3. The manufacturing process of a 316L seamless stainless steel tube according to claim 1, wherein during the cold rolling in the second step, the pierced billet is sleeved on the mandrel, and the outer wall of the pierced billet abuts against the press roll.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the holding time in step four is 10-30 min.
5. The process for manufacturing a 316L seamless stainless steel tube according to claim 1, wherein the acidic aqueous solution used in the fourth step is 5% HF, 25% HNO3And 70% of H2And O, mixing and preparing.
6. The manufacturing process of a 316L seamless stainless steel tube according to claim 1, wherein the tube in the second step is subjected to cold rolling and shaping, and then is subjected to mechanical cutting to remove pits, folds and microcracks generated in the tube manufacturing process due to hot perforation on the inner and outer surfaces of the tube, and the wall thickness cutting amount accounts for 2% -13% of the total wall thickness.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein in step one, the tube is cold rolled using two rolls and a multi-roll cold pilger mill, the rolling deformation of the two rolls is controlled to 50-70%, and the rolling deformation of the multi-roll cold pilger mill is controlled to 20-40%.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein the cold drawing step in step five may or may not be core rod lined.
9. A process according to claim 1, wherein in step five the tube obtained from step four is cold drawn using a 19.80mm phi die with machining accuracy less than or equal to 0.0005 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210829671.3A CN115254968A (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Manufacturing process of 316L seamless stainless steel tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210829671.3A CN115254968A (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Manufacturing process of 316L seamless stainless steel tube |
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| CN115254968A true CN115254968A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| CN202210829671.3A Pending CN115254968A (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Manufacturing process of 316L seamless stainless steel tube |
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