CN115248412A - Calibrating device of remote control non-contact static voltmeter - Google Patents
Calibrating device of remote control non-contact static voltmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN115248412A CN115248412A CN202210364689.0A CN202210364689A CN115248412A CN 115248412 A CN115248412 A CN 115248412A CN 202210364689 A CN202210364689 A CN 202210364689A CN 115248412 A CN115248412 A CN 115248412A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0007—Casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0007—Casings
- H05K9/0049—Casings being metallic containers
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Abstract
The invention provides a calibrating device for a remote control non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter. The detected object and the clicker are arranged on the position adjusting unit and are arranged in the shielding box together, the high-voltage standard electric field unit is positioned outside the shielding box and provides a standard electric field, the rear-end control unit and other parts are arranged in an isolated mode through a shielding net and controls the position adjusting unit to adjust the position of the voltmeter, the shielding box, the grounding discharge device and the high-voltage room linkage door are opened and closed in a linkage mode, and verification and zero clearing of the voltmeter are completed in the shielding box. The device not only eliminates the influence of electromagnetic interference and accumulated static electricity on the test result in the verification process through remote verification and various safety linkage in the shielding box, ensures the accuracy and uncertainty of verification work, can also prevent test misoperation and ensure the safety redundancy of the whole test process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of instrument verification, and particularly relates to a verification device for a remote control non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter.
Background
Accurate monitoring of static electricity is now becoming increasingly important in many production environments, particularly in areas where flammable, combustible, explosive mixtures are present in the surrounding space, and where the energy of an electrostatic discharge is greater than or equal to the minimum ignition energy of the mixture, explosion and fire accidents can result. A non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter (also referred to as an explosion-proof electrostatic voltmeter) is one of the main meters for electrostatic measurement, and can measure the electrostatic voltage on the surface of an object without contacting the object to be measured. As the metering characteristics of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter can drift along with time, the large error is brought to the accurate measurement of the static electricity, and the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter needs to be verified for the first time and verified subsequently according to the requirements of national defense and military industry metrological verification regulation JJJJG (military industry) 192-2019 non-contact electrostatic voltmeter.
The prior non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter calibrating device in China mainly comprises the following two modes: firstly, a metal flat plate pole plate and a measured meter are respectively placed beside a table top and the table top, the distance between the front end of the measured meter and the pole plate is adjusted, and then the indicating value error is calculated after the pole plate is applied with a calibration point voltage. Or the metal flat plate polar plate is placed beside a table top and the voltage of the detection point is applied, a measurer holds the measured meter by hand and slowly approaches the polar plate to a required distance, the reading of the measured meter is read, and the indicating value error is calculated. Secondly, with the advance of metrological verification automation work, a verification calibration auxiliary device with automatic distance adjustment is developed, a metal flat plate electrode is fixed on an insulating support, a measured meter is placed on a special distance adjusting device, the distance adjusting device adjusts the measuring distance, and a verification point voltage is applied to the flat plate electrode to measure and calculate a indicating value error. However, the inventor tests and verifies that the first method has serious out-of-tolerance and poor repeatability during measurement, and basically cannot carry out verification work. In addition, a measurer holds the measured meter in a high-voltage room to repeatedly approach the high-voltage pole plate for measurement and zero clearing operation, and great potential safety hazards exist. The repeatability of the second method is improved, but the defect of large system error still exists, so that the measuring result of the measured meter is generally out of tolerance.
The inventor finds out through practical observation and finite element simulation that the two verification methods have large errors mainly due to two reasons:
first, the zero-set position of the object to be inspected is not at zero potential in the true sense. The inventor builds a potential distribution model at the zeroing position of the to-be-measured element in the simplified measurement process based on COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software. Wherein the boundary conditions are set as follows: the electric potential of the flat plate electrode is 30kV, 10kV and 5kV, the edge of the high-voltage room and the working table top are set to be zero electric potential, and the distance between the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter and the flat plate electrode is 0.5m and 1m. Through calculation, when 30kV, 10kV and 5kV are applied to the flat plate electrode, the potential of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter, which is 0.5m away from the flat plate electrode, is respectively 5.81kV, 1.97kV and 0.983kV, the potential of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter, which is 1.0m away from the flat plate electrode, is respectively 2.0kV, 0.726kV and 0.362kV, and the zero point in the verification test is not a real zero potential point. Further analysis shows that when 30kV voltage is applied to the flat plate electrode, the measured meter is reset at a position 1m away from the flat plate electrode, the zero point of the measured meter is raised due to the potential of 2kV, about 7% of relative error is introduced into the measurement result, and similarly, about 20% of relative error is introduced into the measurement result when the reset distance is 0.5 m. This means that the measured table is cleared within a distance of 1m from the flat plate electrode, at least 7% of relative error is introduced, and the condition is consistent with the analysis through multiple times of measurement verification.
Second, the measurement environment has accumulated static. The environment static electricity directly influences the measurement result, and experiments show that in the high-voltage measurement process, the insulating working table top can cause static charge accumulation and continuously increases along with the increase of time. When the measurement voltage was 10kV, the measurement showed a change in the value from 9.93kV to 9.69kV (2.4% relative error) after 10min of accumulation of the measurement time. When the verification objects are more and the time is longer, the measured display value changes more.
In addition, in the existing verification device or method, the safety distance between the direct-current high-voltage source and an operator is insufficient, and the operation safety risk is high.
In view of the above problems, the inventors herein propose a verification apparatus for remotely controlling a non-contact electrostatic voltmeter.
Disclosure of Invention
To achieve the purpose, the calibrating device for the remote control non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter is provided:
an apparatus for remotely controlling the calibration of a non-contact electrostatic voltmeter, comprising: the device comprises a shielding box, a position adjusting unit, a clicker, a high-voltage standard electric field unit, an anti-static gasket, a rear end control unit and a high-definition probe;
the shielding box comprises a metal box body and an openable mechanical movable door, the mechanical movable door is made of metal, and the mechanical movable door is connected with the position adjusting unit to realize linkage opening and linkage closing; when the mechanical movable door is closed, the metal box body and the mechanical movable door form a closed shielding box, and meanwhile, the detected object is positioned in the shielding box and completes the zero return of the indicating value under the pressing of the click device; when the mechanical movable door is opened, the detected object extends out of the shielding box and approaches the high-voltage standard electric field unit to complete indication value measurement;
the position adjusting unit is arranged in the metal box body and used for clamping the detected object, installing a clicking device and realizing the position adjustment of the detected object through horizontal movement and vertical movement;
the high-voltage standard electric field unit is positioned outside the shielding box and comprises a high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator, a direct-current standard resistance voltage divider and a metal flat plate electrode, wherein the high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator, the direct-current standard resistance voltage divider and the metal flat plate electrode are sequentially connected through high-voltage wires, and the metal flat plate electrode is positioned on one side of the mechanical movable door and is vertical to the horizontal movement direction of the detected object;
the shielding box is arranged on the anti-static backing plate, the metal flat plate electrode is arranged on the anti-static backing plate through the insulating support, and the anti-static backing plate is fully grounded;
the rear end control unit is connected with the position adjusting unit, the clicker, the high-voltage standard electric field unit and the high-definition probe, and is used for remotely controlling the position of the position adjusting unit, controlling the clicker to press a button of the detected object, controlling the high-voltage standard electric field unit to generate a high-voltage standard electric field, and reading and storing a measurement indicating value of the detected object through the high-definition probe.
Optionally, the position adjusting unit includes a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor, a vertical screw rod sliding table, a horizontal screw rod sliding table, a mechanical arm, a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, a first limit switch, and a second limit switch; the horizontal lead screw sliding table is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the metal box body, the vertical lead screw sliding table is connected with the horizontal lead screw sliding table through a first connecting piece, one end of the mechanical arm is connected with the vertical lead screw sliding table through a second connecting piece, and the other end of the mechanical arm is provided with a clamping part for clamping a detected object and installing a clicker; the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor are respectively connected with the horizontal screw rod sliding table and the vertical screw rod sliding table to control the horizontal screw rod sliding table to drive the vertical screw rod sliding table to horizontally move left and right and control the vertical screw rod sliding table to drive the mechanical arm to vertically move up and down, so that the position of the detected object is adjusted; horizontal lead screw slip table right-hand member is provided with first limit switch and is used for injecing the displacement of perpendicular lead screw slip table motion to the right, perpendicular lead screw slip table upper end is provided with the displacement that second limit switch is used for injecing arm upward movement.
Optionally, a top sliding rail is fixedly arranged at the top of the shielding box, a top sliding table is arranged on the top sliding rail, the top sliding table can slide left and right along the top sliding rail, two ends of the top sliding table are connected with the mechanical movable door through a U-groove bearing by steel wires, the U-groove bearing is fixed on the shielding box body, and the top sliding table is further connected with the top end of the vertical lead screw sliding table; when the vertical lead screw sliding table moves leftwards, the mechanical movable door moves downwards under the driving of the gravity of the mechanical movable door to realize linkage opening, meanwhile, the mechanical arm drives the detected object to extend out of the metal box body to be close to the metal flat plate electrode to complete indication value measurement, when the vertical lead screw sliding table moves rightwards, the mechanical arm drives the detected object to be far away from the metal flat plate electrode to return to the metal box body, and meanwhile, the vertical lead screw sliding table drives the mechanical movable door to move upwards through a steel wire to realize linkage closing; the mechanical movable door does not touch the detected object in the moving process.
Optionally, the back end control unit includes a 220V ac power supply, a voltage regulator, a digital multimeter, a power supply control system, a microcomputer control system, a 24V dc power supply, a PLC controller, a first driver, and a second driver; the 220V alternating current power supply is connected with the high-stability direct current high-voltage generator through the power supply control system and the voltage regulator in sequence; the 220V alternating current power supply is connected with the direct current standard resistance voltage divider sequentially through the power supply control system and the digital multimeter; the 220V alternating current power supply is respectively connected with the microcomputer control system and the 24V direct current power supply through the power supply control system to realize power supply, and the 24V direct current power supply is connected with the PLC controller, the first driver, the second driver and the clicker to realize power supply; the PLC controller is sequentially connected with the first driver and the first stepping motor so as to control the horizontal left and right movement of the mechanical arm, the PLC controller is sequentially connected with the second driver and the second stepping motor so as to control the vertical up and down movement of the mechanical arm, and the PLC controller is also connected with the first limit switch and the second limit switch so as to realize negative feedback control of the horizontal left and right movement and the vertical up and down movement of the mechanical arm; the PLC is connected with the clicker to control the clicker to press a button on the detected object to complete the zero clearing of the indication value; the microcomputer control system is connected with the high-definition probe to read and store the measured indication value of the detected object; the microcomputer control system is connected with the PLC controller to realize PLC control, and the microcomputer control system is connected with the digital multimeter to read the high-voltage standard value.
Optionally, the metal plate electrode is an aluminum plate with the thickness of 300mm multiplied by 300mm, the edge of the metal plate electrode is chamfered and polished smoothly, the insulating support is made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials, the insulating resistance of the insulating support is greater than 50T omega, and the insulating compression strength of the insulating support is greater than 100kV.
Optionally, the running distance error of the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor is less than 0.07mm, the speed is adjustable from 1mm/s to 100mm/s, and the adjustment fineness is less than 0.01mm/s.
Optionally, a clamping groove is formed in the shielding box, and the mechanical movable door moves in the clamping groove, so that the mechanical movable door is tightly attached to the metal box body.
Optionally, the shielding box, the position adjusting unit, the clicker, the high-voltage standard electric field unit, the anti-static gasket and the high-definition probe are arranged in the high-voltage chamber, the rear-end control unit is arranged in the control chamber, and a high-voltage shielding net is arranged between the high-voltage chamber and the control chamber to separate the high-voltage chamber from the control chamber.
Optionally, a high-voltage room linkage door is arranged on the high-voltage shielding net and connected with the rear-end control unit; when the high-voltage standard electric field unit generates a high-voltage electric field and the detected object is subjected to indication value measurement, the rear-end control unit controls the high-voltage room linkage door to be closed, and when the high-voltage standard electric field unit cuts off the high-voltage electric field and the detected object is detected, the rear-end control unit controls the high-voltage room linkage door to be opened.
Optionally, an automatic grounding discharge device is further arranged between the rear-end control unit and the metal flat plate electrode, the automatic grounding discharge device includes a solenoid valve and an arc-shaped aluminum bar, the rear-end control unit is sequentially connected with the solenoid valve and the arc-shaped aluminum bar, and the arc-shaped aluminum bar is fully grounded; the automatic grounding discharge device and the rear end control unit control the arc-shaped aluminum bar to be disconnected with the metal flat plate electrode through the electromagnetic valve when the detected object is detected; when the detected object is detected, the rear end control unit controls the arc-shaped aluminum bar to be in contact with the metal flat plate electrode through the electromagnetic valve, so that the metal flat plate electrode is grounded and fully discharged.
The verification process of the invention comprises the following steps: (1) The method comprises the following steps of setting up a calibrating device for remotely controlling the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to requirements, clamping the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter and a clicker of an object to be detected on a mechanical arm, and adjusting the clicker to enable the pressing position of the clicker to be positioned right above a zero clearing key of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter; and (2) initializing the verification device. The rear-end control unit controls the horizontal lead screw sliding table to drive the vertical lead screw sliding table to move, so that the mechanical arm moves towards the metal flat plate electrode, the mechanical movable door is opened in a linkage mode under the action of self gravity when the mechanical arm moves, the mechanical arm drives the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter sensor to extend out of the shielding box until the measuring end face of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter sensor is in parallel contact with the standard flat plate electrode, the vertical lead screw sliding table is adjusted, the measuring end face is located at the center position of the metal flat plate electrode, then the mechanical arm is retracted into the shielding box, the mechanical movable door is closed in a linkage mode, and the clicker is controlled to press the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter to complete zero clearing. (3) And (4) testing the electrostatic voltage indication error of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter. Controlling the position adjusting unit through the rear end control unit to enable the distance between the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter and the metal flat plate electrode to be the testing distance specified in the verification specification; the rear-end control unit controls the high-voltage standard electric field unit to generate a high-voltage standard electric field, the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter is used for testing, and a measurement indication value is read through the high-definition probe; after the test is finished, the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter is returned to the shielding box, meanwhile, the mechanical movable door is pulled by the vertical screw rod sliding table through the steel wire to be closed in a linkage mode to form a closed shielding box, and the clicker is controlled to press the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter to complete zero clearing; and repeatedly measuring and resetting different voltages for multiple times, and calculating the relative indicating value error. (4) And (3) testing the short-term stability of the voltage representation value of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter. And similarly, after the zero clearing is carried out in the shielding box, the rear-end control unit controls the position adjusting unit to enable the distance between the non-contact type static voltmeter and the metal flat plate electrode to be a testing distance specified in a verification specification, the high-voltage standard electric field unit is controlled to generate a high-voltage standard electric field, indicating values are measured, the rear-end control unit reads and stores the indicating values every 5s through a high-definition probe, and the short-term stability is calculated through a short-term stability calculation formula. (5) And after the test is finished, returning the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter to the shielding box, controlling the clicker to zero, and controlling the automatic grounding discharge device to fully discharge the high-voltage standard electric field unit to finish the verification work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The invention ensures that the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object performs indicating value zero adjustment under the conditions of no electromagnetic interference and no accumulated charge by means of arranging the electric field shielding box and using the fully grounded antistatic backing plate and the like, eliminates the influence of the test environment and the accumulated charge on the verification of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter in the traditional equipment or method, and ensures the accuracy and the stability of the verification process of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter; (2) The high-voltage part and the rear-end control part are separately arranged, and the shielding net is additionally arranged between the high-voltage chamber and the control chamber, so that the high-voltage test part and the low-voltage control part are effectively isolated, and the safety of a tester is ensured; (3) The rear-end control unit with the control function is separately arranged with the high-voltage standard electric field unit, the position adjusting unit and the clicker, so that remote test and verification are realized; (4) Through the linkage control of the automatic grounding discharge device, the high-voltage room linkage door and the test verification process, the potential safety hazard caused by misoperation is effectively avoided, and the safety redundancy of the test verification process is enhanced.
In a word, the invention improves the accuracy, safety and reliability of the measured parameters during the verification of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter to a great extent, and greatly perfects the technical means of remote control, electrostatic prevention and electric field interference resistance of the verification of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assay device according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a shielding box, 2, a position adjusting unit, 3, a clicker, 4, a high-voltage standard electric field unit, 5, an anti-static gasket, 6, a rear-end control unit, 7, a high-definition probe, 8, a high-voltage shielding net, 9 and an automatic grounding discharge device; 10. an object to be inspected; 11. the device comprises a metal box body 12, a mechanical movable door 13, a top sliding rail 14, a top sliding table 15, a steel wire 16 and a U-groove bearing; 21. the device comprises a first stepping motor 22, a second stepping motor 23, a horizontal screw rod sliding table 24, a vertical screw rod sliding table 25, a mechanical arm 26, a first connecting piece 27, a second connecting piece 28, a first limit switch 29 and a second limit switch; 41. a high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator 42, a direct-current standard resistance voltage divider 43, a metal flat plate electrode 44 and a high-voltage lead; 51. an insulating support; 61. 220V alternating current power supply, 62, a voltage regulator, 63, a digital multimeter, 64, a power supply control system, 65, a microcomputer control system, 66 and 24V direct current power supply, 67 and a PLC controller; 68. a first driver, 69, a second driver; 81. a high-pressure room linkage door; 91. solenoid valve, 92, arc aluminium bar, 251, clamping part.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creating any labor.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a calibrating apparatus for remotely controlling a non-contact electrostatic voltmeter, which comprises: the device comprises a shielding box 1, a position adjusting unit 2, a clicker 3, a high-voltage standard electric field unit 4, an anti-static gasket 5, a rear end control unit 6 and a high-definition probe 7. In order to guarantee the safety of the test, the shielding box 1, the position adjusting unit 2, the clicker 3, the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4, the anti-static gasket 5 and the high-definition probe 7 are arranged in a high-voltage chamber, the rear-end control unit 6 is arranged in a control chamber, and a high-voltage shielding net 8 is arranged between the high-voltage chamber and the control chamber to separate the two chambers.
Wherein shield box 1 includes metal box 11 and left side open and shut mechanical activity door 12, and metal box 11 is thickness 1mm, the whole size is 681mm × 310mm × 681 mm's cavity cuboid stainless steel box in this embodiment, and the window that the size is 310mm × 250mm is seted up apart from the box top in the box left side, and mechanical activity door 12 is 310mm × 290 mm's rectangular aluminum plate. A top sliding rail 13 is fixedly arranged at the top of the metal box body 11, the top sliding rail 13 is provided with a top sliding table 14 which can slide left and right along the sliding rail, two ends of the top sliding table 14 are connected with steel wires 15, the steel wires 15 penetrate through a U-groove bearing 16 fixedly arranged on the metal box body 11 and are connected with the mechanical movable door 12, when the top sliding table 14 moves rightwards, the top sliding table 14 pulls the mechanical movable door 12 to move upwards through the steel wires 15, a window on the metal box body 11 can be closed, and the mechanical movable door 12 and the metal box body 11 form a closed shielding box; when the top sliding table 14 moves to the left, the mechanical movable door 12 moves downward under the action of its own gravity, and the mechanical movable door 12 is opened so that the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of the object to be detected can approach the metal plate electrode 43 in the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 through the window. Wherein the top sliding table 14 is connected with the top end of the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 in the position adjusting unit 2, thereby realizing the linkage opening and linkage closing of the mechanical movable door 12 and the position adjusting unit 2.
The position adjusting unit 2 is arranged inside the metal box body 11 and used for clamping the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object, installing the clicker 3 and adjusting the position of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object through horizontal displacement and vertical displacement. The position adjusting unit 2 comprises a first stepping motor 21, a second stepping motor 22, a horizontal screw rod sliding table 23, a vertical screw rod sliding table 24, a mechanical arm 25, a first connecting piece 26, a second connecting piece 27, a first limit switch 28 and a second limit switch 29; the horizontal lead screw sliding table 23 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the metal box body 11, the vertical lead screw sliding table 24 is connected with the horizontal lead screw sliding table 23 through a first connecting piece 26, one end of the mechanical arm 25 is connected with the vertical lead screw sliding table 24 through a second connecting piece 27, and the other end of the mechanical arm 25 is provided with a clamping part 251 for clamping a non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter and installing a clicker 3 of an object to be detected; the first stepping motor 21 and the second stepping motor 22 are respectively connected with the horizontal screw rod sliding table 23 and the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 to control the horizontal screw rod sliding table 23 to drive the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 to move horizontally, and control the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 to drive the mechanical arm 25 to move vertically, so that the position adjustment of the detected object non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter is realized; the right end of the horizontal screw rod sliding table 23 is provided with a first limit switch 28 for limiting the limit displacement of the right movement of the vertical screw rod sliding table 24, and the upper end of the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 is provided with a second limit switch 29 for limiting the limit displacement of the upward movement of the mechanical arm 25. Of course, the left end of the horizontal screw rod sliding table 23 and the lower end of the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 may also be provided with more limit switches for limiting the limit displacement of the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 moving leftward and limiting the limit displacement of the mechanical arm 25 moving downward. Wherein, the running distance error of the first stepping motor 21 and the second stepping motor 22 is less than 0.07mm, the speed is adjustable from 1mm/s to 100mm/s, and the adjustment fineness is less than 0.01mm/s.
The linkage opening and closing process of the mechanical movable door realized by connecting the top sliding table 14 with the top end of the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 is as follows: work as when perpendicular lead screw slip table 24 removes left, mechanical dodge gate 12 removes down under the drive of self gravity and realizes the linkage and open, simultaneously arm 25 drives and is examined object non-contact static voltmeter and stretch out metal casing 11 and be close to metal flat electrode 43, accomplishes the indicating value at appointed examination distance and measures, when perpendicular lead screw slip table 24 displaces right, arm 25 drives and is examined object non-contact static voltmeter and keep away from metal flat electrode 43 and return in the metal casing 11, and perpendicular lead screw slip table 24 passes through top slip table 14 simultaneously, steel wire 15 and drives mechanical dodge gate 12 rebound through U groove bearing 16 and realize the linkage and close, and metal casing 11 constitutes confined shielded cell 1 with mechanical dodge gate 12, and back end control unit 6 controls clicker 3's the zero setting button that presses non-contact static voltmeter and accomplishes the indicating value and return to zero simultaneously.
The high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 is located at the left side outside the shielding box 1, and mainly includes a high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator 41, a direct-current standard resistance voltage divider 42, and a metal plate electrode 43. The high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator 41, the direct-current standard resistor voltage divider 42 and the metal flat plate electrode 43 are sequentially connected through a high-voltage wire 44. The metal plate electrode 43 is an aluminum plate with the thickness of 300mm multiplied by 300mm, and the edge of the metal plate electrode 43 is chamfered and polished smoothly. The metal plate electrode 43 is located on the left side of the mechanical movable door 12 and is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal displacement direction of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of the object to be detected.
In order to eliminate the influence of accumulated charges during the verification, the shielding box 1 is disposed on an aluminum antistatic backing plate 5, and the antistatic backing plate 5 is sufficiently grounded. The metal plate electrode 43 is arranged on the anti-static backing plate 5 through an insulating support 51, the insulating support 51 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the insulating resistance of the insulating support 51 is greater than 50T omega, and the insulating withstand voltage strength is greater than 100kV.
And the rear-end control unit 6 is connected with the position adjusting unit 2, the clicker 3, the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 and the high-definition probe 7, so that the remote control of the position adjusting unit 2 is realized, the clicker 3 is controlled to press a non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter button of the detected object, the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 is controlled to generate a high-voltage standard electric field, and the measured value of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object is read and stored through the high-definition probe 7.
The back end control unit 6 specifically comprises a 220V alternating current power supply 61, a voltage regulator 62, a digital multi-purpose meter 63, a power supply control system 64, a microcomputer control system 65, a 24V direct current power supply 66, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 67, a first driver 68 and a second driver 69; the 220V alternating current power supply 61 is connected with the high-stability direct current high-voltage generator 41 sequentially through the power supply control system 64 and the voltage regulator 62; the 220V alternating current power supply 61 is connected with the direct current standard resistor voltage divider 42 sequentially through the power supply control system 64 and the digital multimeter 63; the 220V alternating current power supply 61 is respectively connected with a microcomputer control system 65 and a 24V direct current power supply 66 through a power supply control system 64 to realize power supply, and the 24V direct current power supply 66 is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) 67, a first driver 68, a second driver 69 and the clicker 3 to realize power supply; the PLC 67 is connected with the first driver 68 and the first stepping motor 21 in sequence, so that the control of horizontal left and right displacement of the mechanical arm 25 is realized, and the horizontal distance between the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object and the metal flat plate electrode is accurately controlled; the PLC 67 is connected with the second driver 69 and the second stepping motor 22 in sequence, so that the control of vertical up-and-down displacement of the mechanical arm 25 is realized, the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object is accurately controlled to be positioned at the center of the metal flat plate electrode in the vertical direction, and the PLC 67 is also connected with the first limit switch 28 and the second limit switch 29 to realize negative feedback control of horizontal left-and-right displacement and vertical up-and-down displacement of the mechanical arm 25; the PLC controller 67 is connected with the clicker 3 to control the clicker 3 to press a button on the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object, and the zero clearing of the indication value is completed; the microcomputer control system 65 is connected with the high-definition probe 7 to read and store the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter measurement indication value of the detected object; the microcomputer control system 65 is connected with the PLC 67 to realize PLC control, and the microcomputer control system 65 is connected with the digital multimeter 63 to read the high-voltage standard value.
In order to ensure the safety of the measuring staff, in addition to the high-voltage shielding net 8 provided between the high-voltage chamber and the control chamber, a high-voltage chamber linkage door 81 is provided on the high-voltage shielding net 8. The high-pressure room linkage door 81 is connected with the rear-end control unit 6; when the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 generates a high-voltage electric field and the detected object non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter performs indication value measurement, the rear-end control unit 6 controls the high-voltage room linkage door 81 to be closed, and when the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 cuts off the high-voltage electric field and the detected object non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter completes detection, the rear-end control unit 6 controls the high-voltage room linkage door 81 to be opened.
In order to avoid potential safety hazards caused by misoperation and enhance safety redundancy in the testing and verification process, an automatic grounding discharge device 9 is further arranged between the rear-end control unit 6 and the metal flat plate electrode 43, the automatic grounding discharge device 9 comprises an electromagnetic valve 91 and an arc-shaped aluminum rod 92, the rear-end control unit 6 is sequentially connected with the electromagnetic valve 91 and the arc-shaped aluminum rod 92, and the arc-shaped aluminum rod 92 is fully grounded; when the automatic grounding discharge device 9 detects a non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of a detected object, the rear-end control unit 6 controls the arc-shaped aluminum bar 92 to be disconnected from the metal flat plate electrode 43 through the electromagnetic valve 91; when the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object finishes detecting, the rear end control unit 6 controls the arc-shaped aluminum bar 92 to contact with the metal flat plate electrode 43 through the electromagnetic valve 91, so that the metal flat plate electrode 43 is grounded and fully discharged. Therefore, the linkage control of the automatic grounding discharge device, the high-voltage room linkage door and the test verification process is realized, the potential safety hazard caused by misoperation is effectively avoided, and the safety redundancy of the test verification process is enhanced.
This example was used to test an EX-715 antistatic tester from FRASER, UK. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of setting up a calibrating device for remotely controlling the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to requirements, clamping the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter and the clicker 3 of an object to be detected on a mechanical arm 25, and adjusting the clicker 3 to enable the pressing position of the clicker to be located right above a zero clearing key of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter;
(2) The certification device is initialized. The rear-end control unit 6 controls the horizontal lead screw sliding table 23 to drive the vertical lead screw sliding table 24 to move, so that the mechanical arm 25 moves towards the metal flat plate electrode 43, the mechanical movable door 12 is opened in a linkage manner under the action of self gravity while the mechanical arm 25 moves, the mechanical arm 25 drives the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter sensor to extend out of the shielding box 1 until the measuring end face of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter sensor is in parallel contact with the standard flat plate electrode 43, the vertical lead screw sliding table 24 is adjusted, the measuring end face is located at the central position of the metal flat plate electrode 43, then the mechanical arm 25 is retracted into the shielding box 1, the mechanical movable door 12 is closed in a linkage manner, and the clicker 3 is controlled to press the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter to complete zero clearing.
(3) And (4) testing the electrostatic voltage indication error of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter. The rear-end control unit 6 controls the position adjusting unit 6 to enable the distance between the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter and the metal flat plate electrode 43 to be the testing distance Dps specified in the verification specification; the high-voltage standard electric field unit 4 is controlled by the back-end control unit 6 to generate a high-voltage standard electric field of-5.000 kV, the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter is used for indicating value measurement, and the high-definition probe 7 reads the measuring indicating value and transmits the measuring indicating value to the microcomputer control system 65 in the back-end control unit 6; after the standard value of-5.000 kV is tested, returning the non-contact type static voltmeter to the shielding box 1, simultaneously pulling the mechanical movable door 12 by the vertical screw rod sliding table 24 through the steel wire 15 to enable the mechanical movable door 12 to be closed in a linkage manner to form the closed shielding box 1, and controlling the clicker 3 to press the non-contact type static voltmeter to complete zero clearing; the above procedure was repeated to repeat the test and zero setting for different standard voltages of-10.000 kV, -15.000kV, -20.000kV, -25.000kV, -30.000kV, -35.000kV, -40.000kV, -45.000kV, -50.000kV, and the relative reading error and the measurement uncertainty were calculated.
TABLE 1 results of the conventional assay
TABLE 2 examination of the method of the invention
Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the conventional unshielded box and the inventive shielded box tests, respectively. As can be seen from the assay results, the relative error decreased from-26.7% to 3.6% and the measurement uncertainty decreased from 0.8% to 0.3% after the assay according to the present invention. The invention ensures that the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter of the detected object performs indicating value zero adjustment under the conditions of no electromagnetic interference and no accumulated charge by means of arranging the electric field shielding box, using the fully grounded anti-static cushion plate and the like, greatly eliminates the influence of the test environment and the accumulated charge on the verification of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter in the traditional equipment or method, and ensures the accuracy and the uncertainty of the verification process of the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter.
(4) And (3) testing the short-term stability of the voltage representation value of the non-contact electrostatic voltmeter. And similarly, after the shielding box is reset, the rear-end control unit controls the position adjusting unit to enable the distance between the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter and the metal flat plate electrode to be a testing distance specified in a verification specification, controls the high-voltage standard electric field unit to generate a high-voltage standard electric field, measures indication values, reads and stores the measurement indication values every 5s through a high-definition probe, and calculates the short-term stability through a short-term stability calculation formula.
(5) After the test is finished, the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter is returned to the shielding box, the clicker is controlled to zero the non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter, the automatic grounding discharge device is controlled to fully discharge the high-voltage standard electric field unit, and the verification work is finished.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for remotely controlling a non-contact electrostatic voltmeter, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a shielding box, a position adjusting unit, a clicker, a high-voltage standard electric field unit, an anti-static gasket, a rear end control unit and a high-definition probe;
the shielding box comprises a metal box body and an openable mechanical movable door, the mechanical movable door is made of metal, and the mechanical movable door is connected with the position adjusting unit to realize linkage opening and linkage closing; when the mechanical movable door is closed, the metal box body and the mechanical movable door form a closed shielding box, and meanwhile, the detected object is positioned in the shielding box and completes the zero return of the indicating value under the pressing of the click device; when the mechanical movable door is opened, the detected object extends out of the shielding box and approaches the high-voltage standard electric field unit to complete indication value measurement;
the position adjusting unit is arranged in the metal box body and used for clamping the detected object, installing a clicking device and realizing the position adjustment of the detected object through horizontal movement and vertical movement;
the high-voltage standard electric field unit is positioned outside the shielding box and comprises a high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator, a direct-current standard resistance voltage divider and a metal flat plate electrode, the high-stability direct-current high-voltage generator, the direct-current standard resistance voltage divider and the metal flat plate electrode are connected through high-voltage wires in sequence, and the metal flat plate electrode is positioned on one side of the mechanical movable door and is vertical to the horizontal movement direction of the detected object;
the shielding box is arranged on the anti-static backing plate, the metal flat plate electrode is arranged on the anti-static backing plate through the insulating support, and the anti-static backing plate is fully grounded;
the rear end control unit is connected with the position adjusting unit, the clicker, the high-voltage standard electric field unit and the high-definition probe, and is used for remotely controlling the position of the position adjusting unit, controlling the clicker to press a button of the detected object, controlling the high-voltage standard electric field unit to generate a high-voltage standard electric field, and reading and storing a measurement indicating value of the detected object through the high-definition probe.
2. The calibrating device for the remote control non-contact type electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 1, wherein the position adjusting unit comprises a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor, a horizontal lead screw sliding table, a vertical lead screw sliding table, a mechanical arm, a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, a first limit switch and a second limit switch; the horizontal lead screw sliding table is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the metal box body, the vertical lead screw sliding table is connected with the horizontal lead screw sliding table through a first connecting piece, one end of the mechanical arm is connected with the vertical lead screw sliding table through a second connecting piece, and the other end of the mechanical arm is provided with a clamping part for clamping a detected object and installing a clicker; the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor are respectively connected with the horizontal screw rod sliding table and the vertical screw rod sliding table to control the horizontal screw rod sliding table to drive the vertical screw rod sliding table to horizontally move left and right and control the vertical screw rod sliding table to drive the mechanical arm to vertically move up and down, so that the position of the detected object is adjusted; horizontal lead screw slip table right-hand member is provided with first limit switch and is used for injecing the displacement of perpendicular lead screw slip table motion to the right, perpendicular lead screw slip table upper end is provided with the displacement that second limit switch is used for injecing arm upward movement.
3. The calibrating device for the remote control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 2, wherein a top slide rail is fixedly arranged at the top of the shielding box, a top slide table is arranged on the top slide rail, the top slide table can slide left and right along the top slide rail, two ends of the top slide table are connected with the mechanical movable door through a U-groove bearing by a steel wire, the U-groove bearing is fixed on the shielding box body, and the top slide table is further connected with the top end of the vertical screw rod slide table; when the vertical screw rod sliding table moves leftwards, the mechanical movable door moves downwards under the driving of self gravity to realize linkage opening, meanwhile, the mechanical arm drives the detected object to extend out of the metal box body to be close to the metal flat plate electrode to finish indication value measurement, when the vertical screw rod sliding table moves rightwards, the mechanical arm drives the detected object to be far away from the metal flat plate electrode to return to the metal box body, and meanwhile, the vertical screw rod sliding table drives the mechanical movable door to move upwards through a steel wire to realize linkage closing; the mechanical movable door does not touch the detected object in the moving process.
4. The calibrating apparatus for the remote-control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 3, wherein the back-end control unit comprises a 220V AC power supply, a voltage regulator, a digital multimeter, a power control system, a microcomputer control system, a 24V DC power supply, a PLC controller, a first driver and a second driver; the 220V alternating current power supply is connected with the high-stability direct current high-voltage generator through the power supply control system and the voltage regulator in sequence; the 220V alternating current power supply is connected with the direct current standard resistance voltage divider sequentially through the power supply control system and the digital multimeter; the 220V alternating current power supply is respectively connected with the microcomputer control system and the 24V direct current power supply through the power supply control system to realize power supply, and the 24V direct current power supply is connected with the PLC controller, the first driver, the second driver and the clicker to realize power supply; the PLC controller is sequentially connected with the first driver and the first stepping motor so as to control the horizontal left and right movement of the mechanical arm, the PLC controller is sequentially connected with the second driver and the second stepping motor so as to control the vertical up and down movement of the mechanical arm, and the PLC controller is also connected with the first limit switch and the second limit switch so as to realize negative feedback control of the horizontal left and right movement and the vertical up and down movement of the mechanical arm; the PLC is connected with the clicker to control the clicker to press a button on the detected object to complete the zero clearing of the indication value; the microcomputer control system is connected with the high-definition probe to read and store the measurement indication value of the detected object; the microcomputer control system is connected with the PLC controller to realize PLC control, and the microcomputer control system is connected with the digital multimeter to read the high-voltage standard value.
5. The calibrating apparatus for the remote-control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 1, wherein the metal flat plate electrode is a 300mm x 300mm aluminum plate, the edge of the metal flat plate electrode is chamfered and polished smooth, the insulating support is made of teflon, and the insulating support has an insulation resistance > 50T Ω and an insulation compressive strength > 100kV.
6. The calibrating apparatus for the remote-control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 2, wherein the error of the operating distance between the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor is less than 0.07mm, the speed is adjustable from 1mm/s to 100mm/s, and the adjustment fineness is less than 0.01mm/s.
7. The calibrating apparatus for the remote-control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 1, wherein a clamping groove is provided on the shielding box, and the mechanical movable door moves in the clamping groove to ensure that the mechanical movable door is tightly attached to the metal box.
8. The calibrating apparatus for the remote-control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 1, wherein the shielding box, the position adjusting unit, the clicker, the high-voltage standard electric field unit, the anti-static gasket and the high-definition probe are disposed in a high-voltage chamber, the rear-end control unit is disposed in a control chamber, and a high-voltage shielding net is disposed between the high-voltage chamber and the control chamber to separate the high-voltage chamber from the control chamber.
9. The calibrating device for the remote-control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 8, wherein a high-voltage room linkage door is arranged on the high-voltage shielding net, and the high-voltage room linkage door is connected with a back-end control unit; when the high-voltage standard electric field unit generates a high-voltage electric field and the detected object performs indication value measurement, the rear-end control unit controls the high-voltage room linkage door to be closed, and when the high-voltage standard electric field unit cuts off the high-voltage electric field and the detected object completes detection, the rear-end control unit controls the high-voltage room linkage door to be opened.
10. The calibrating device for the remote control non-contact electrostatic voltmeter according to claim 4, 8 or 9, wherein an automatic grounding discharge device is further arranged between the rear-end control unit and the metal flat plate electrode, the automatic grounding discharge device comprises an electromagnetic valve and an arc-shaped aluminum bar, the rear-end control unit is sequentially connected with the electromagnetic valve and the arc-shaped aluminum bar, and the arc-shaped aluminum bar is fully grounded; the automatic grounding discharge device and the rear end control unit control the arc-shaped aluminum bar to be disconnected with the metal flat plate electrode through the electromagnetic valve when the detected object is detected; when the detected object is detected, the rear end control unit controls the arc-shaped aluminum bar to be in contact with the metal flat plate electrode through the electromagnetic valve, so that the metal flat plate electrode is grounded and fully discharged.
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