CN106646218A - Device for simulating high-voltage circuit breakers and method for simulating and testing same - Google Patents
Device for simulating high-voltage circuit breakers and method for simulating and testing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646218A CN106646218A CN201710073247.XA CN201710073247A CN106646218A CN 106646218 A CN106646218 A CN 106646218A CN 201710073247 A CN201710073247 A CN 201710073247A CN 106646218 A CN106646218 A CN 106646218A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种高压断路器模拟装置和模拟测试方法，该高压断路器模拟装置包括绝缘腔体、静触头、动触头、绝缘拉杆和限流电阻，绝缘腔体包括腔本体和盖合在腔本体上的上盖，上盖上安装有充气阀；静触头的上端固定在上盖上，静触头的下端位于绝缘腔体内部；动触头穿通腔本体的底部，动触头的上端位于绝缘腔体内部，动触头的下端位于绝缘腔体外部；静触头的下端与动触头的上端正相对；绝缘拉杆的一端与动触头的下端连接，绝缘拉杆的另一端为自由端；限流电阻的一端与动触头的下端电连接。本申请的高压断路器模拟装置能模拟实际的高压断路器来随时进行开合测试，实现方便快捷、廉价和连续的测试。
The application discloses a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device and a simulation test method. The high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device includes an insulating cavity, a static contact, a moving contact, an insulating pull rod, and a current limiting resistor. The insulating cavity includes a cavity body and a cover. The upper cover that fits on the chamber body is equipped with an inflatable valve; the upper end of the static contact is fixed on the upper cover, and the lower end of the static contact is located inside the insulating chamber; the moving contact passes through the bottom of the chamber body, and the moving contact The upper end of the head is located inside the insulating cavity, and the lower end of the moving contact is located outside the insulating cavity; the lower end of the static contact is directly opposite to the upper end of the moving contact; one end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the lower end of the moving contact, and the other end of the insulating pull rod One end is a free end; one end of the current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the lower end of the moving contact. The high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the present application can simulate an actual high-voltage circuit breaker to perform switching tests at any time, and realize convenient, quick, cheap and continuous testing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本申请涉及高压断路器领域，尤其涉及一种高压断路器模拟装置和模拟测试方法。The present application relates to the field of high-voltage circuit breakers, in particular to a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device and a simulation test method.
背景技术Background technique
在现代电力系统中高压断路器具有非常关键的作用。一方面，高压断路器可以起控制作用，可以根据电网运行的需要，将部分电气设备或线路投入或退出运行。另一方面，高压断路器还可以起保护作用，在电气设备或电力线路发生故障时，继电保护装置发出跳闸信号，启动高压断路器，将故障部分设备或线路从电网中迅速切除，确保电网中无故障部分的正常运行。由于高压断路器对于电网系统的安全稳定运行至关重要，因而对高压断路器的性能测试对于系统的安全就具有非常重要的意义。其中，对高压断路器的开合过程的测试就是一项测试高压断路器的工作性能的重要工作。High voltage circuit breakers play a very critical role in modern power systems. On the one hand, the high-voltage circuit breaker can play a control role, and can put some electrical equipment or lines into or out of operation according to the needs of the grid operation. On the other hand, the high-voltage circuit breaker can also play a protective role. When the electrical equipment or power line fails, the relay protection device sends a trip signal to start the high-voltage circuit breaker, and quickly removes the faulty part of the equipment or line from the power grid to ensure the safety of the power grid. normal operation of the fault-free portion of the Since the high-voltage circuit breaker is very important to the safe and stable operation of the power grid system, the performance test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is of great significance to the safety of the system. Among them, the test of the opening and closing process of the high-voltage circuit breaker is an important task for testing the working performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
现阶段，对高压断路器的开合测试主要采用现场测试或试验站测试的方式。现场测试通常在线路的固定检修周期对断路器进行多次连续的开合测试。在现场测试和试验站测试中，测试装置通常包括大容量的电源，电源通过对现场或试验站的高压断路器的动触头和静触头施加高电压，来测试动静触头合闸和分闸时高压断路器的性能，也就是测试高压断路器开合过程中的性能。At this stage, the on-off testing of high-voltage circuit breakers mainly adopts the method of on-site testing or test station testing. On-site testing usually performs multiple consecutive opening and closing tests on the circuit breaker during the fixed maintenance cycle of the line. In the field test and test station test, the test device usually includes a large-capacity power supply. The power supply tests the closing and opening of the moving and static contacts of the high-voltage circuit breaker at the field or test station by applying high voltage. The performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker during the gate is to test the performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker during the opening and closing process.
然而，在现场测试时，由于已投运的高压断路器均为线路中的关键节点，不可能随时动作，只能等待线路的固定检修周期进行试验，另外如果进行多次连续的开合测试，也会极大影响断路器的电寿命。在试验站测试时，试验电流很大，需要大容量电源，设备庞大且操作不便，导致测量的费用极高，无法做到连续测试。因此需要高压断路器模拟测试方法和模拟装置来实现更加方便快捷且廉价的测试，以对高压断路器的性能进行更加深入的分析研究。However, during the on-site test, since the high-voltage circuit breakers that have been put into operation are all key nodes in the line, it is impossible to act at any time, and they can only wait for the fixed maintenance cycle of the line for testing. In addition, if multiple consecutive opening and closing tests are performed, It will also greatly affect the electrical life of the circuit breaker. When testing at the test station, the test current is very large, a large-capacity power supply is required, the equipment is huge and inconvenient to operate, resulting in extremely high measurement costs, and continuous testing cannot be achieved. Therefore, a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method and a simulation device are needed to realize a more convenient, rapid and inexpensive test, so as to conduct more in-depth analysis and research on the performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种高压断路器模拟装置和模拟测试方法能模拟实际的高压断路器来随时进行开合测试，实现方便快捷、廉价和连续的测试。In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device and a simulation test method, which can simulate the actual high-voltage circuit breaker to perform switching tests at any time, and realize convenient, fast, cheap and continuous testing.
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供了一种高压断路器模拟装置，该高压断路器模拟装置包括绝缘腔体、静触头、动触头、绝缘拉杆和限流电阻，绝缘腔体包括腔本体和盖合在腔本体上的上盖，上盖上安装有充气阀；静触头的上端固定在上盖上，静触头的下端位于绝缘腔体内部；动触头穿通腔本体的底部，动触头上端位于绝缘腔体内部，动触头下端位于绝缘腔体外部；静触头下端与动触头上端正相对；绝缘拉杆的一端与动触头的下端连接，绝缘拉杆的另一端为自由端；限流电阻的一端与动触头的下端电连接。According to the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device is provided, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device includes an insulating cavity, a static contact, a moving contact, an insulating pull rod, and a current limiting resistor, and the insulating cavity includes The chamber body and the upper cover that is closed on the chamber body, the upper cover is equipped with an inflation valve; the upper end of the static contact is fixed on the upper cover, and the lower end of the static contact is located inside the insulating chamber; the moving contact penetrates through the chamber body At the bottom, the upper end of the moving contact is located inside the insulating cavity, and the lower end of the moving contact is located outside the insulating cavity; the lower end of the static contact is directly opposite to the upper end of the moving contact; one end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the lower end of the moving contact, and the other end of the insulating pull rod One end is a free end; one end of the current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the lower end of the moving contact.
根据本发明的一个实施例，绝缘腔体为钢化玻璃结构。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating cavity is a toughened glass structure.
根据本发明的一个实施例，高压断路器模拟装置还包括中空的基座，腔本体的底部固定在基座的顶部上，动触头还穿通基座的顶部，绝缘拉杆穿通基座的侧壁，绝缘拉杆的与动触头连接的一端位于基座内部，绝缘拉杆的自由端伸出该侧壁之外。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device also includes a hollow base, the bottom of the cavity body is fixed on the top of the base, the moving contact also passes through the top of the base, and the insulating pull rod penetrates the side wall of the base , the end of the insulating pull rod connected with the moving contact is located inside the base, and the free end of the insulating pull rod protrudes outside the side wall.
根据本发明的一个实施例，静触头的下端设置成槽孔，动触头的上端与槽孔相契合。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the static contact is configured as a slot, and the upper end of the movable contact fits into the slot.
根据本发明的一个实施例，高压断路器模拟装置还包括电源，电源的一个端子与静触头的上端电连接，电源的另一个端子与限流电阻的未与动触头连接的一端电连接。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device further includes a power supply, one terminal of the power supply is electrically connected to the upper end of the static contact, and the other terminal of the power supply is electrically connected to the end of the current-limiting resistor that is not connected to the moving contact .
根据本发明的一个实施例，限流电阻的未与动触头连接的一端设置有电接口，电接口与电源电连接。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the end of the current limiting resistor that is not connected to the movable contact is provided with an electrical interface, and the electrical interface is electrically connected to a power supply.
根据本发明的一个实施例，静触头与电源之间电连接有开关。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a switch is electrically connected between the static contact and the power supply.
根据本发明实施例的第二方面，提供了一种高压断路器模拟测试方法，使用上述高压断路器模拟装置来执行高压断路器模拟测试方法，高压断路器模拟测试方法包括：打开充气阀，对绝缘腔体抽真空；在绝缘腔体内充入SF6气体，当SF6气体达到预设的压强后，关闭充气阀；对静触头的上端和限流电阻的未与动触头连接的一端施加电压；拉动绝缘拉杆，调整静触头与动触头之间的距离，分别检测动静触头合闸时和分闸时静触头与动触头之间的电流信号和电磁波信号。According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method is provided. The above-mentioned high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device is used to execute the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method. The high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method includes: opening the charging valve. Vacuumize the insulating cavity; fill the insulating cavity with SF 6 gas, when the SF 6 gas reaches the preset pressure, close the filling valve; the upper end of the static contact and the end of the current limiting resistor that is not connected to the moving contact Apply voltage; pull the insulating pull rod, adjust the distance between the static contact and the moving contact, respectively detect the current signal and electromagnetic wave signal between the static contact and the moving contact when the moving and static contacts are closed and opened.
根据本发明的一个实施例，高压断路器模拟测试方法还包括：在绝缘腔体内充入不同压强的SF6气体，分别检测不同压强的SF6气体氛围下动静触头合闸时和分闸时动触头与静触头之间的电流信号和电磁波信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method further includes: filling the insulating cavity with SF6 gas of different pressures, respectively detecting the closing and opening of the moving and static contacts under the SF6 gas atmosphere of different pressures The current signal and electromagnetic wave signal between the moving contact and the static contact.
根据本发明的一个实施例，高压断路器模拟测试方法还包括：将动触头更换为不同烧蚀程度的动触头，分别测量动静触头合闸时和分闸时不同烧蚀程度的动触头与静触头之间的电磁波信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method further includes: replacing the moving contact with a moving contact with a different degree of ablation, and measuring the moving contact with a different degree of ablation when the moving and static contacts are closed and opened. The electromagnetic wave signal between the contact and the static contact.
由上可见，本发明实施例提供了一种高压断路器模拟装置和模拟测试方法，高压断路器模拟装置包括绝缘腔体、静触头、动触头、绝缘拉杆和限流电阻，绝缘腔体包括腔本体和盖合在腔本体上的上盖，上盖上安装有充气阀；静触头的上端固定在上盖上，静触头的下端位于绝缘腔体内部；动触头穿通腔本体的底部，动触头的上端位于绝缘腔体内部，动触头的下端位于绝缘腔体外部；静触头的下端与动触头的上端正相对；绝缘拉杆的一端安装在动触头上，绝缘拉杆的另一端为自由端；限流电阻的一端与动触头的下端电连接。另外，还提供了使用上述高压断路器模拟装置来执行的高压断路器模拟测试方法，高压断路器模拟测试方法包括：打开充气阀，对绝缘腔体抽真空；在绝缘腔体内充入SF6气体，当SF6气体达到预设的压强后，关闭充气阀；对静触头的上端和限流电阻的未与动触头连接的一端施加电压；拉动绝缘拉杆，调整静触头与动触头之间的距离，分别检测动静触头合闸时和分闸时动静触头之间的电流信号和电磁波信号。因此，本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置和利用高压断路器模拟装置的模拟测试方法，能模拟实际的高压断路器随时随地连续进行开合测试，同时本申请的高压断路器模拟装置通过接入限流电阻大大减少了测试用电源的功率容量，同时极大减少了测试系统的体积和重量，使测试更加方便，实现方便快捷、廉价和连续的高压断路器开合测试。It can be seen from the above that the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device and a simulation test method. The high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device includes an insulating cavity, a static contact, a moving contact, an insulating pull rod, and a current-limiting resistor. The insulating cavity It includes the cavity body and the upper cover that is closed on the cavity body, and the upper cover is equipped with an inflation valve; the upper end of the static contact is fixed on the upper cover, and the lower end of the static contact is located inside the insulating cavity; the moving contact penetrates the cavity body The upper end of the moving contact is located inside the insulating cavity, and the lower end of the moving contact is located outside the insulating cavity; the lower end of the static contact is directly opposite to the upper end of the moving contact; one end of the insulating rod is installed on the moving contact, The other end of the insulating pull rod is a free end; one end of the current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the lower end of the moving contact. In addition, a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method performed using the above-mentioned high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device is also provided. The high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method includes: opening the inflation valve, vacuumizing the insulating cavity; filling the insulating cavity with SF 6 gas , when the SF 6 gas reaches the preset pressure, close the inflation valve; apply voltage to the upper end of the static contact and the end of the current limiting resistor that is not connected to the moving contact; pull the insulating pull rod to adjust the static contact and the moving contact The distance between the moving and static contacts is detected respectively when the moving and static contacts are closed and when they are opened. The current signal and electromagnetic wave signal between the moving and static contacts. Therefore, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the embodiment of the present invention and the simulation test method using the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device can simulate the actual high-voltage circuit breaker to perform continuous opening and closing tests anytime and anywhere. The input current limiting resistor greatly reduces the power capacity of the test power supply, and at the same time greatly reduces the volume and weight of the test system, making the test more convenient, and realizing the convenient, fast, cheap and continuous high-voltage circuit breaker opening and closing test.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative labor, Additional drawings can also be derived from these drawings.
图1为本申请高压断路器模拟装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the present application;
图2为本申请高压断路器模拟装置连接电源时的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram when the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the present application is connected to the power supply;
图3为使用本申请的高压断路器模拟装置进行模拟测试的原理图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation test using the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the present application;
图4为本申请的高压断路器模拟测试方法的流程图；Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method of the present application;
图5为本申请的高压断路器模拟装置模拟不同压强的SF6断路器时执行测试的方法；Fig. 5 is the method for performing the test when the high-voltage circuit breaker simulator of the present application simulates the SF 6 circuit breakers of different pressures;
图6为本申请的高压断路器模拟装置模拟动触头烧蚀程度不同的SF6断路器时执行测试的方法；Fig. 6 is the method for performing the test when the high-voltage circuit breaker simulator of the present application simulates SF6 circuit breakers with different ablation degrees of moving contacts;
在图1至图6中，附图标记表示：In Figures 1 to 6, the reference numerals indicate:
1-绝缘腔体，2-静触头，3-动触头，4-基座，5-绝缘拉杆，6-限流电阻，7-充气阀，8-电源，9-开关，11-腔本体，12-上盖，61-电接口。1-insulation cavity, 2-static contact, 3-moving contact, 4-base, 5-insulation rod, 6-current limiting resistor, 7-inflatable valve, 8-power supply, 9-switch, 11-chamber Body, 12-top cover, 61-electrical interface.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例描述根据本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置和高压断路器模拟测试方法。The high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device and the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation testing method according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1为本发明实施例提供的高压断路器模拟装置的结构示意图。如图1所示，高压断路器模拟装置可以包括绝缘腔体1、静触头2、动触头3、绝缘拉杆5和限流电阻6。绝缘腔体1包括腔本体11和盖合在腔本体11上的上盖12。具体地，上盖12可以旋转盖合在腔本体11上，或者上盖12可以通过螺钉固定在腔本体11上。上盖12上安装有充气阀7。设置充气阀7，可以方便地为绝缘腔体1抽气或充气。例如，打开充气阀7，对绝缘腔体1抽真空，然后充入SF6气体后关闭充气阀7。这样，可以模拟SF6高压断路器。SF6气体的压强可以根据测试需要而调整，用于测试不同压强下的SF6高压断路器的开合性能。静触头2的上端固定在上盖12上，静触头2的下端位于绝缘腔体1内部。动触头3穿通腔本体11的底部，动触头3的上端位于绝缘腔体1内部，动触头3的下端位于绝缘腔体1外部。静触头2的下端与动触头3的上端正相对。绝缘拉杆5的一端安装在动触头3上，与动触头3的下端连接，绝缘拉杆5的另一端为自由端。这样，拉动绝缘拉杆5，就可以带动动触头3的上端在绝缘腔体1内部上下来回移动，就可以调整静触头2与动触头3之间的距离。拉动绝缘拉杆5，将静触头2与动触头3分开，高压断路器模拟装置处于分闸状态，即处于开状态。拉动绝缘拉杆5，将静触头2与动触头3接触，高压断路器模拟装置处于合闸状态，即处于合状态。另外，限流电阻6的一端与动触头3的下端电连接。限流电阻6的接入保证了整个测试过程中不会出现大电流，因此对试验电源的电压要求极大降低。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the high voltage circuit breaker simulation device may include an insulating cavity 1 , a static contact 2 , a moving contact 3 , an insulating pull rod 5 and a current limiting resistor 6 . The insulating cavity 1 includes a cavity body 11 and an upper cover 12 covering the cavity body 11 . Specifically, the upper cover 12 can be rotated to cover the cavity body 11 , or the upper cover 12 can be fixed on the cavity body 11 by screws. An inflation valve 7 is installed on the loam cake 12 . The inflation valve 7 is provided to conveniently pump or inflate the insulating cavity 1 . For example, open the filling valve 7, vacuumize the insulating cavity 1, and then close the filling valve 7 after filling SF 6 gas. In this way, an SF 6 high voltage circuit breaker can be simulated. The pressure of SF 6 gas can be adjusted according to the test needs, and it is used to test the opening and closing performance of SF 6 high voltage circuit breakers under different pressures. The upper end of the static contact 2 is fixed on the upper cover 12 , and the lower end of the static contact 2 is located inside the insulating cavity 1 . The moving contact 3 passes through the bottom of the cavity body 11 , the upper end of the moving contact 3 is located inside the insulating cavity 1 , and the lower end of the moving contact 3 is located outside the insulating cavity 1 . The lower end of the static contact 2 is directly opposite to the upper end of the movable contact 3 . One end of the insulating pull rod 5 is installed on the movable contact 3 and connected with the lower end of the movable contact 3, and the other end of the insulating pull rod 5 is a free end. In this way, pulling the insulating pull rod 5 can drive the upper end of the movable contact 3 to move up and down inside the insulating cavity 1, and the distance between the static contact 2 and the movable contact 3 can be adjusted. Pull the insulating pull rod 5 to separate the static contact 2 from the moving contact 3, and the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device is in the off state, that is, in the open state. Pull the insulating pull rod 5 to contact the static contact 2 with the moving contact 3, and the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device is in the closed state, that is, in the closed state. In addition, one end of the current limiting resistor 6 is electrically connected to the lower end of the movable contact 3 . The connection of the current-limiting resistor 6 ensures that no large current will appear during the entire test process, so the voltage requirement for the test power supply is greatly reduced.
在本发明的一个实施例中，上盖12与腔本体11的侧壁间以橡胶垫圈密封防止气体泄漏。腔本体11的底部被动触头3穿通，动触头3与腔本体11底部的接触处同样使用橡胶垫圈隔绝内外的气压，这样在动触头3上下移动时不会引起绝缘腔体1内部气体损耗，在绝缘腔体1内部为真空时外部气体不能进入。In one embodiment of the present invention, a rubber gasket is used to seal between the upper cover 12 and the side wall of the chamber body 11 to prevent gas leakage. The bottom of the cavity body 11 is penetrated by the passive contact 3, and the contact between the movable contact 3 and the bottom of the cavity body 11 is also isolated from the internal and external air pressure with a rubber gasket, so that the gas inside the insulating cavity 1 will not be caused when the movable contact 3 moves up and down. Loss, when the inside of the insulating cavity 1 is a vacuum, no external gas can enter.
在本发明的一个实施例中，绝缘腔体1为钢化玻璃结构。将绝缘腔体1设置成钢化玻璃结构，绝缘腔体1是透明的，以便测试人员能清楚地观察绝缘腔体1内部的静触头2与动触头3的合闸与分闸状态。In one embodiment of the present invention, the insulating cavity 1 is a toughened glass structure. The insulating cavity 1 is set as a toughened glass structure, and the insulating cavity 1 is transparent so that testers can clearly observe the closing and opening states of the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3 inside the insulating cavity 1 .
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1所示，高压断路器模拟装置还可以包括中空的基座4。腔本体11的底部固定在基座4的顶部上，动触头3还穿通基座4的顶部，绝缘拉杆5穿通基座4的侧壁，绝缘拉杆5的与动触头3连接的一端位于基座4内部，绝缘拉杆5的自由端伸出侧壁之外。为绝缘腔体1设置基座4，可以保证在拉动绝缘拉杆5时绝缘腔体1的稳固。In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the high voltage circuit breaker simulation device may further include a hollow base 4 . The bottom of the cavity body 11 is fixed on the top of the base 4, the movable contact 3 also passes through the top of the base 4, the insulating rod 5 penetrates the side wall of the base 4, and the end of the insulating rod 5 connected with the movable contact 3 is located Inside the base 4, the free end of the insulating pull rod 5 protrudes out of the side wall. Providing the base 4 for the insulating cavity 1 can ensure the stability of the insulating cavity 1 when the insulating pull rod 5 is pulled.
如图1所示，静触头2的下端可以设置成槽孔，动触头3的上端与槽孔相契合。动触头3在绝缘拉杆5的带动下往上移动时，动触头3的上端插入静触头2的下端，静触头2与动触头3接触，高压断路器模拟装置合闸。As shown in FIG. 1 , the lower end of the static contact 2 can be set as a slot, and the upper end of the movable contact 3 fits into the slot. When the moving contact 3 moves upwards driven by the insulating pull rod 5, the upper end of the moving contact 3 is inserted into the lower end of the static contact 2, and the static contact 2 contacts the moving contact 3, and the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device closes.
在本发明一个实施例中，如图2所示，高压断路器模拟装置还包括电源8，电源8的一个端子与静触头2的上端电连接，电源8的另一个端子与限流电阻6的未与动触头3连接的一端电连接。电源8可以对高压断路器模拟装置施加电压，对高压断路器模拟装置的开合性能进行测试。In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device also includes a power supply 8, one terminal of the power supply 8 is electrically connected to the upper end of the static contact 2, and the other terminal of the power supply 8 is connected to the current limiting resistor 6 The end not connected to the moving contact 3 is electrically connected. The power supply 8 can apply voltage to the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device to test the opening and closing performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device.
如图2所示，限流电阻6的一端与动触头3的下端电连接，限流电阻6的未与动触头3连接的一端设置有电接口61，电接口61与所述电源8电连接。设置电接口61，可以方便地实现高压断路器模拟装置与电源8的电连接，换言之可以方便地对高压断路器模拟装置施加电压。As shown in Figure 2, one end of the current-limiting resistor 6 is electrically connected to the lower end of the movable contact 3, and the end of the current-limiting resistor 6 that is not connected to the movable contact 3 is provided with an electrical interface 61, and the electrical interface 61 is connected to the power supply 8 electrical connection. Providing the electrical interface 61 can conveniently realize the electrical connection between the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device and the power source 8 , in other words, it can conveniently apply voltage to the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device.
如图2所示，为方便测试人员的实际测试操作，静触头2与电源8之间可电连接有开关9。通过闭合和关断开关9，可以方便地开始和结束高压断路器模拟装置的测试操作。As shown in FIG. 2 , a switch 9 may be electrically connected between the static contact 2 and the power source 8 in order to facilitate the actual test operation of testers. By closing and closing the switch 9, the test operation of the high voltage circuit breaker simulator can be conveniently started and ended.
下面再结合图3，详细描述利用本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置进行高压断路器模拟测试的方法。图3为使用本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置进行模拟测试的原理图。如图3所示，当进行模拟测试时，对静触头2的上端和限流电阻6的未与动触头3连接的一端施加交流电压。动触头3在绝缘拉杆5的带动下在绝缘腔体1内上下移动。静触头2和动触头3分开时，可以测试断路器开闸时的性能。静触头2和动触头3接触时，可以测试断路器合闸时的性能。Next, in conjunction with FIG. 3 , a method for performing a simulation test of a high-voltage circuit breaker by using the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation test using the high voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , when performing a simulation test, an AC voltage is applied to the upper end of the static contact 2 and the end of the current limiting resistor 6 that is not connected to the moving contact 3 . The movable contact 3 moves up and down in the insulating cavity 1 driven by the insulating pull rod 5 . When the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3 are separated, the performance of the circuit breaker when it is opened can be tested. When the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3 are in contact, the performance of the circuit breaker when closing can be tested.
下面结合图4说明本申请的高压断路器模拟测试方法。图4为本申请的高压断路器模拟测试方法的流程图。如图4所示，本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟测试方法可以包括以下步骤。The simulation test method of the high voltage circuit breaker of the present application will be described below with reference to FIG. 4 . Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the high voltage circuit breaker simulation testing method of the present application. As shown in Fig. 4, the high voltage circuit breaker simulation testing method according to the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps.
步骤S1，打开充气阀7，对绝缘腔体1抽真空。Step S1, open the inflation valve 7, and vacuumize the insulating cavity 1.
步骤S2，在绝缘腔体1内充入SF6气体，当SF6气体达到预设的压强后关闭充气阀7。Step S2, filling the insulating cavity 1 with SF 6 gas, and closing the filling valve 7 when the SF 6 gas reaches a preset pressure.
步骤S3，对静触头2的上端和限流电阻6的未与动触头3连接的一端施加电压。具体地，可以施加交流电压。Step S3 , applying a voltage to the upper end of the static contact 2 and the end of the current limiting resistor 6 not connected to the movable contact 3 . Specifically, an alternating voltage may be applied.
步骤S4，拉动绝缘拉杆5，调整静触头2与动触头3之间的距离，分别检测静触头2与动触头3在合闸时和分闸时，静触头2与动触头3之间的电流信号和电磁波信号。Step S4, pull the insulating pull rod 5, adjust the distance between the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3, respectively detect the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3 when closing and opening, the distance between the static contact 2 and the moving contact Current signal and electromagnetic wave signal between the head 3.
检测静触头2与动触头3之间的电流信号和电磁波信号，具体地，可以检测静触头2与动触头3之间的合闸状态的电流信号(即断路器合电流)和电磁波信号，以及检测静触头2与动触头3之间的开闸状态的电流信号(即断路器开电流)和电磁波信号。通过合闸状态的电流信号与开闸状态的电流信号，可以分析断路器的开合状态，进而评估断路器的开合性能。这里，本申请可以模拟SF6高压断路器，对SF6高压断路器的开合性能进行测试评估。Detect the current signal and electromagnetic wave signal between the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3, specifically, the current signal of the closing state between the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3 (that is, the closing current of the circuit breaker) and The electromagnetic wave signal, and the current signal (that is, the circuit breaker opening current) and the electromagnetic wave signal for detecting the opening state between the static contact 2 and the moving contact 3 . Through the current signal of the closing state and the current signal of the opening state, the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker can be analyzed, and then the opening and closing performance of the circuit breaker can be evaluated. Here, the application can simulate the SF 6 high-voltage circuit breaker to test and evaluate the opening and closing performance of the SF 6 high-voltage circuit breaker.
例如，通过检测合闸状态的电流信号，从电流信号中获知电流从零到稳定值所经的时间、电流幅值波动、电流的最大值等，从而可以评估断路器开到合的速度、合状态稳定性、合状态动静触头接触电阻大小等合性能。另外，通过检测合闸状态的电磁波信号，可以分析断路器在交流电压下的合性能的动态变化情况。For example, by detecting the current signal of the closing state, the time elapsed from the current from zero to the stable value, the fluctuation of the current amplitude, the maximum value of the current, etc. can be obtained from the current signal, so that the speed from opening to closing of the circuit breaker, closing speed, etc. can be evaluated. State stability, combined state dynamic and static contact contact resistance and other combined performance. In addition, by detecting the electromagnetic wave signal of the closing state, the dynamic change of the closing performance of the circuit breaker under AC voltage can be analyzed.
再例如，通过检测开闸状态的电流信号，从电流信号中获知电流从稳定值到零所经的时间、电流幅值波动等，从而可以评估断路器合到开的速度、开状态稳定性等开性能。另外，通过检测开闸状态的电磁波信号，可以分析断路器在交流电压下的开性能的动态变化情况。For another example, by detecting the current signal of the open state, the time elapsed from the stable value to zero, the fluctuation of the current amplitude, etc. can be obtained from the current signal, so that the speed of closing to opening of the circuit breaker, the stability of the open state, etc. can be evaluated. Turn on performance. In addition, by detecting the electromagnetic wave signal of the opening state, the dynamic change of the opening performance of the circuit breaker under AC voltage can be analyzed.
可以理解，在实际测试时，可以采用示波器来测量电流信号，可以用天线接收电磁波信号，后续送入处理器处理成电信号。当然，还可以采用任何合理实用的其它仪器或装置来测量电流信号和电磁波信号。It can be understood that in the actual test, the oscilloscope can be used to measure the current signal, and the antenna can be used to receive the electromagnetic wave signal, which is then sent to the processor for processing into an electrical signal. Of course, any reasonable and practical other instruments or devices can also be used to measure the current signal and the electromagnetic wave signal.
如上所述，高压断路器模拟装置还可以包括中空的基座4。在进行测试时，在高压模拟断路器模拟装置的静触头端和限流电阻端施加电压，基座4接地。绝缘拉杆5的自由端与基座4保持一定距离以保证测试人员的人身安全。整个模拟装置对电源的容量要求极低，因为在串联回路中接入的限流电阻6在断路器合闸时限制了回路的电流。As mentioned above, the high voltage circuit breaker simulation device may also include a hollow base 4 . During the test, a voltage is applied to the static contact terminal and the current-limiting resistor terminal of the high-voltage analog circuit breaker simulation device, and the base 4 is grounded. The free end of the insulating rod 5 is kept at a certain distance from the base 4 to ensure the personal safety of testers. The entire simulation device has extremely low requirements on the capacity of the power supply, because the current limiting resistor 6 connected in the series loop limits the current of the loop when the circuit breaker is closed.
下面再结合图5描述本申请的高压断路器模拟装置模拟不同压强的SF6断路器时执行测试的方法。参见图5，高压断路器模拟测试方法还可以包括：The method for performing a test when the high-voltage circuit breaker simulator of the present application simulates SF 6 circuit breakers with different pressures will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 5 . Referring to Figure 5, the high voltage circuit breaker simulation test method may also include:
步骤S5，在绝缘腔体1内充入不同压强的SF6气体，参照步骤S3和步骤S4，分别检测不同压强的SF6气体氛围下动静触头合闸和分闸时静触头2与动触头3之间的电流信号和电磁波信号。这样，充入不同压强的SF6气体可以模拟不同类型的SF6高压断路器的工作状态，从而测试不同类型的SF6高压断路器的开合性能。Step S5, filling the insulating cavity 1 with SF6 gas of different pressures, referring to steps S3 and S4, respectively detecting the contact between the static contact 2 and the dynamic contact when the moving and static contacts are closing and opening under the SF6 gas atmosphere of different pressures. Current signal and electromagnetic wave signal between contacts 3. In this way, filling SF 6 gas with different pressures can simulate the working state of different types of SF 6 high voltage circuit breakers, so as to test the opening and closing performance of different types of SF 6 high voltage circuit breakers.
下面再结合图6描述本申请的高压断路器模拟装置模拟动触头烧蚀程度不同的SF6断路器时执行测试的方法。参见图6，高压断路器模拟测试方法还可以包括：The method for performing the test when the high-voltage circuit breaker simulator of the present application simulates SF 6 circuit breakers with different ablation degrees of moving contacts will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 6 . Referring to Figure 6, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method may also include:
步骤S6，将动触头3更换为不同烧蚀程度的动触头，参照步骤S3和步骤S4，分别测量动静触头合闸和分闸时不同烧蚀程度的动触头与静触头2之间的电磁波信号。Step S6, replace the moving contact 3 with a moving contact with a different degree of ablation, refer to steps S3 and S4, respectively measure the moving contact and the static contact 2 with different ablation degrees when the moving and static contacts are closed and opened. between electromagnetic waves.
在本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置中，可以打开上盖11，非常方便地更换动触头3。在断路器实际使用过程中，线路中发生短路，断路器经历短路电流，会不可避免对动触头造成烧蚀。另外，断路器开闸和合闸时有电弧产生，会烧蚀断路器的动触头。断路器使用时间越长，动触头烧蚀程度会越来越严重。动触头出现烧蚀，动静触头之间的接触电阻会变大，造成断路器发热，断路器合闸时性能下降。当动触头烧蚀严重时，即使拉动绝缘拉杆5到合闸位置，动触头与静触头也不会接触，造成断路器失效。因此，动触头的烧蚀程度是断路器寿命的决定性因素之一。断路器开闸和合闸时动静触头之间辐射出的电磁波信号可以反映触头的烧蚀程度，当断路器触头烧蚀严重时，其辐射出的电磁波信号会发生畸变。在本发明实施例中，更换动触头3为不同烧蚀程度的动触头，可以模拟SF6高压断路器在不同工况下(SF6高压断路器的使用时间不同，动触头的烧蚀程度不同)的开合性能。In the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the upper cover 11 can be opened, and the moving contact 3 can be replaced very conveniently. During the actual use of the circuit breaker, a short circuit occurs in the line, and the circuit breaker experiences a short circuit current, which will inevitably cause ablation of the moving contact. In addition, arcs are generated when the circuit breaker is opened and closed, which will ablate the moving contacts of the circuit breaker. The longer the circuit breaker is used, the more severe the ablation of the moving contacts will be. If the moving contacts are ablated, the contact resistance between the moving and static contacts will increase, causing the circuit breaker to heat up, and the performance of the circuit breaker will decrease when it is closed. When the ablation of the moving contact is serious, even if the insulating pull rod 5 is pulled to the closing position, the moving contact and the static contact will not contact, causing the circuit breaker to fail. Therefore, the degree of ablation of the moving contact is one of the decisive factors for the life of the circuit breaker. The electromagnetic wave signal radiated between the moving and static contacts of the circuit breaker can reflect the ablation degree of the contact when the circuit breaker is opened and closed. When the ablation of the circuit breaker contact is serious, the radiated electromagnetic wave signal will be distorted. In the embodiment of the present invention, the movable contact 3 is replaced with a movable contact with different degrees of ablation, which can simulate the SF 6 high-voltage circuit breaker under different working conditions (the service time of the SF 6 high-voltage circuit breaker is different, the burning of the movable contact Different degrees of erosion) opening and closing performance.
综上所述，利用上述高电压断路器模拟装置进行高压断路器的开合性能测试，优势主要包括：第一，大大减少了测试用电源的功率容量，同时极大减少了测试系统的体积和重量，使测试更加方便；第二，不必再进行现场试验，可以随时进行测试，节约了大量时间成本；第三，本申请的高压断路器模拟装置与实际断路器具有实质相同的基本结构，可以完全等效断路器的主要性能，对断路器的电寿命预测等工作有很好的辅助作用。To sum up, the advantages of using the above-mentioned high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device to test the switching performance of high-voltage circuit breakers mainly include: First, the power capacity of the power supply used for testing is greatly reduced, and the volume and size of the test system are also greatly reduced. The weight makes the test more convenient; second, it is not necessary to conduct on-site tests, and the test can be carried out at any time, which saves a lot of time and cost; third, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the application has substantially the same basic structure as the actual circuit breaker, and can It is completely equivalent to the main performance of the circuit breaker, and has a very good auxiliary effect on the electrical life prediction of the circuit breaker.
另外，通过优化细节设计，可以进一步改善本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置的性能，包括与实际断路器的等效性、安全性、可靠性等方面。使用三组相同的高压断路器模拟装置，三组高压断路器模拟装置采用三相电路接线并以三相电源供电，也可模拟三相断路器的实际工况下的一些现象。In addition, by optimizing the detailed design, the performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device in the embodiment of the present invention can be further improved, including the equivalence with the actual circuit breaker, safety, reliability and other aspects. Using three sets of the same high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device, the three sets of high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device adopts three-phase circuit wiring and is powered by three-phase power supply, and can also simulate some phenomena under the actual working conditions of the three-phase circuit breaker.
由上可见，本申请的高压断路器模拟装置的主体结构与实际高压断路器的结构基本相同，对高压断路器模拟装置施加电压并控制其触头动作时，与实际断路器动作的现象和性质相似。在高压断路器模拟装置中由于安装了限流电阻，断路器合闸时的电流与实际工况差距较大，但反映在测量结果中，在断路器特征相同时仅表现为幅值的成比例变化，可以直接反向推算得到实际测量状态下的电流或电磁波幅值。测试过程中，先根据测试需要设定绝缘腔体1内的气体气压，然后使用本发明实施例的高压断路器模拟装置来测试断路器开合性能，使用不同类型的传感器可以检测需要测量的特征量(例如，上述电流信号和电磁波信号)，进一步通过分析这些量来判断断路器的状态或分析断路器的状态变化趋势等。此外，通过对绝缘腔体1抽气形成真空腔然后充入不同气压的SF6气体，可以模拟不同类型的SF6高压断路器的工作状态以及测试其开合性能。另外，通过更换为不同烧蚀程度的动触头，可以模拟不同使用时间的高压断路器以及测试其开合性能。It can be seen from the above that the main structure of the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the present application is basically the same as that of the actual high-voltage circuit breaker. resemblance. In the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device, due to the installation of a current-limiting resistor, the current when the circuit breaker is closed is quite different from the actual working condition, but it is reflected in the measurement results. When the characteristics of the circuit breaker are the same, it is only proportional to the amplitude. Changes can be directly inversely calculated to obtain the current or electromagnetic wave amplitude under the actual measurement state. During the test, first set the gas pressure in the insulating cavity 1 according to the test requirements, and then use the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the embodiment of the present invention to test the opening and closing performance of the circuit breaker, and use different types of sensors to detect the characteristics that need to be measured Quantities (for example, the above-mentioned current signal and electromagnetic wave signal), and further analyze these quantities to judge the state of the circuit breaker or analyze the state change trend of the circuit breaker, etc. In addition, by evacuating the insulating chamber 1 to form a vacuum chamber and then filling it with SF 6 gas at different pressures, it is possible to simulate the working status of different types of SF 6 high voltage circuit breakers and test their opening and closing performance. In addition, by replacing the moving contacts with different degrees of ablation, it is possible to simulate high-voltage circuit breakers with different service times and test their opening and closing performance.
综上所述，本申请的高压断路器模拟装置可以模拟多种不同型号、不同工况下的断路器，使用灵活。接入了限流电阻，极大降低了电源的容量，降低了断路器测试的成本。利用本申请的高压断路器模拟测试方法可以随时随地实现断路器开合性能测试。To sum up, the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation device of the present application can simulate various types of circuit breakers under different working conditions, and is flexible to use. The current limiting resistor is connected, which greatly reduces the capacity of the power supply and reduces the cost of circuit breaker testing. Using the high-voltage circuit breaker simulation test method of the present application, the circuit breaker opening and closing performance test can be realized anytime and anywhere.
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