CN115248242A - Rapid flue gas NOx measuring equipment based on electrochemical method - Google Patents

Rapid flue gas NOx measuring equipment based on electrochemical method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115248242A
CN115248242A CN202210719889.3A CN202210719889A CN115248242A CN 115248242 A CN115248242 A CN 115248242A CN 202210719889 A CN202210719889 A CN 202210719889A CN 115248242 A CN115248242 A CN 115248242A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
sensor
oxygen
sound velocity
nox
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Pending
Application number
CN202210719889.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孟磊
袁照威
田晓曼
谷小兵
白玉勇
于志诚
王刚
梁东
曹书涛
李广林
李婷彦
杜明生
李玉宇
宁翔
岳朴杰
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Datang Environment Industry Group Co Ltd
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Datang Environment Industry Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210719889.3A priority Critical patent/CN115248242A/en
Publication of CN115248242A publication Critical patent/CN115248242A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416Systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4073Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/41Oxygen pumping cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

The invention provides a flue gas NOx rapid measuring device based on an electrochemical method, which comprises: the sensor device comprises an oxygen sensor, an oxygen pump and a NO sensor which are sequentially arranged, the oxygen sensor and the oxygen pump are isolated by a first isolation ring, the oxygen pump and the NO sensor are isolated by a second isolation ring, and a NO reduction reaction catalyst is arranged in the flue gas channel in the middle of the second isolation ring; the outer side of the sensor device is provided with a heat tracing insulation sleeve; the constant-current air extractor comprises a Venturi tube, the Venturi tube is connected with a first connecting pipe, a sound velocity pore plate is arranged in the first connecting pipe, a plurality of sound velocity pores are formed in the sound velocity pore plate, and the Venturi tube is filled with compressed air and used for providing negative pressure for inflow of smoke to be detected. The device can ensure the stability of the flow of the smoke to be measured through the Venturi tube and the sonic velocity small hole, thereby improving the timeliness and the precision of measurement.

Description

Rapid flue gas NOx measuring equipment based on electrochemical method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of denitration engineering, in particular to a flue gas NOx rapid measuring device based on an electrochemical method.
Background
At present, a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) flue gas denitration technology is widely applied to a coal-fired generator set as a main high-efficiency nitrogen oxide (NOx) control technology. Under the background of ultralow emission, the SCR denitration efficiency is required to be further improved. In order to obtain an ideal nitrogen oxide (NOx) removal rate and a low NH3 escape amount, the NOx in the flue gas needs to be accurately and quickly monitored on line, and ammonia injection is optimally controlled based on monitoring.
However, the principle of the conventional flue gas NOx measurement technology by an electrochemical method is to diffuse from a high-concentration area to the surface of an electrochemical sensor by using the diffusion effect of the flue gas to be measured. This measurement principle inevitably has the following disadvantages: on one hand, the diffusion process is long, so that the time difference exists between the NOx concentration value obtained by the sensor and the actual NOx concentration of the flue gas, namely, the measurement has hysteresis; on the other hand, the flow of the extracted sample gas has certain fluctuation, and the change of the concentration field of the flue gas NOx is caused by different flue gas flow rates, so that the measurement accuracy is reduced. The reduced accuracy of the measurement and the hysteresis of the measurement can cause difficulties in the operation of the denitration apparatus.
Therefore, the invention provides a rapid flue gas NOx measuring device based on an electrochemical method, which can reduce the measurement hysteresis and further improve the accuracy (namely the measurement precision) of measured data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flue gas NOx rapid measurement device based on an electrochemical method, which can ensure the stability of the flow of flue gas to be measured, thereby improving the timeliness and precision of measurement.
The invention provides a flue gas NOx rapid measuring device based on an electrochemical method, which comprises: the device comprises a sensor device and a constant-current air extracting device, wherein the sensor device is provided with a flue gas channel, flue gas to be detected enters the flue gas channel from one end of the flue gas channel, and the other end of the flue gas channel is connected with the constant-current air extracting device through a first connecting pipe;
the sensor device comprises an oxygen sensor, an oxygen pump and an NO sensor which are sequentially arranged, wherein the oxygen sensor is isolated from one end of the oxygen pump through a first isolating ring, the other end of the oxygen pump is isolated from the NO sensor through a second isolating ring, and a NO reduction reaction catalyst is arranged in the flue gas channel in the middle of the second isolating ring;
constant current air exhaust device pass through first connecting pipe with keeping away from of NO sensor second isolating ring one end meets, constant current air exhaust device includes venturi, venturi meets with first connecting pipe, first connecting pipe with be provided with the sound velocity orifice plate between venturi, the sound velocity aperture has been seted up on the sound velocity orifice plate, venturi lets in compressed air for the flue gas that awaits measuring flows in the flue gas passageway provides the negative pressure.
Preferably, the oxygen sensor, the first isolation ring, the oxygen pump, the second isolation ring and the NO sensor are all ring-shaped, and the axes thereof are collinear with the axis of the flue gas channel.
Preferably, the outer side of the sensor device is coated with a heat tracing insulating sleeve.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the second isolation ring is larger than the outer diameters of the oxygen pump and the NO sensor, the inner wall of the heat tracing insulation sleeve is abutted against the outer wall of the second isolation ring, and the second isolation ring divides the gap between the sensor device and the heat tracing insulation sleeve into a first gap area and a second gap area.
Preferably, the first gap area is communicated with the external environment through a first communicating pipe, and the second gap area is communicated with the external environment through a second communicating pipe.
Preferably, the second clearance zone is connected with the venturi tube through a second connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe with a sound velocity pore plate is arranged between the venturi tubes, and sound velocity pores are formed in the sound velocity pore plate.
Preferably, the heat tracing temperature of the heat tracing insulation sleeve is 550-650 ℃.
Preferably, the measuring range of the oxygen sensor is 0-50%.
Preferably, the first isolation ring and the second isolation ring are both made of heat-resistant insulating materials.
Preferably, the NO reduction reaction catalyst is used for reducing NOx in the flue gas to be measured into N2 and O2, and the concentration of NOx in the flue gas to be measured is one half of the oxygen concentration measured by the NO sensor.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the smoke to be detected flows in from one end of a smoke channel in the sensor device, the sensor device is divided into three sections by the oxygen sensor, the oxygen pump and the NO sensor, and the smoke to be detected passes through the oxygen sensor areaDuring the area measurement, the initial oxygen concentration in the smoke to be measured is measured, then the smoke to be measured passes through an oxygen pump, O2 in the smoke to be measured in the area is pumped out by the oxygen pump, then NOx in the smoke to be measured generates a reduction reaction in a catalyst (NO reduction reaction catalyst) area to generate nitrogen N2 and oxygen O2, the nitrogen N2 and the oxygen O2 continuously flow and enter a NO sensor area, and O is measured in the area 2 The equilibrium relation of the chemical reaction shows that the concentration of NOx in the smoke to be measured is O 2 One half of the concentration of (c); constant current air exhaust device is used for providing the negative pressure for the inflow of the flue gas that awaits measuring, and it adopts venturi, through letting in the compression space in to venturi, provides stable negative pressure for the suction of the flue gas that awaits measuring, and sensor device is linked together with venturi through first connecting pipe and sonic orifice plate, is provided with the sonic orifice on the sonic orifice plate, ensures that the flue gas flow that awaits measuring is stable, can not receive the pressure fluctuation of the flue gas that awaits measuring and lead to the flow fluctuation, and the flue gas flow that awaits measuring is stable, can improve measuring precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure and connection relationship of the constant-flow air extractor of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the flow direction of the flue gas to be measured in the equipment.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a sensor device; 101: an oxygen sensor; 102: an oxygen pump; 103: a NO sensor; 2: a constant-current air extractor; 201: a venturi tube; 202: a sonic orifice; 3: a flue gas channel; 4: a first connecting pipe; 5: a first spacer ring; 6: a second spacer ring; 7: a NO reduction reaction catalyst; 801: a first gap region; 802: a second gap region; 901: a first communication pipe; 902: a second communicating pipe; 10: a heat tracing insulation sleeve; 11: a second connection pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a flue gas NOx rapid measurement apparatus based on an electrochemical method, which includes a sensor device 1 and a constant-current air extraction device 2, wherein a flue gas channel 3 is disposed in the sensor device 1 and is coaxial with the sensor device, flue gas to be measured enters the flue gas channel 3 from the left end thereof, and flows out from the right end after concentration measurement, the right end of the flue gas channel 3 is connected with the constant-current air extraction device 2 through a first connection pipe 4, and the constant-current air extraction device 2 is used for providing stable negative pressure for the flow of the flue gas to be measured.
Further, the sensor device 1 includes an oxygen sensor 101, an oxygen pump 102 and an NO sensor 103 which are sequentially arranged from left to right, the oxygen sensor 101, the oxygen pump 102 and the NO sensor 103 are all in a ring shape, the oxygen sensor 101 is a zirconia sensor based on an electrochemical principle, the principle is that through an oxygen concentration difference on two sides of zirconia, cation flows are formed, and then current is formed, the concentration of oxygen is determined through measuring the current, the measuring range of the oxygen sensor 101 is 0-50%, when a sufficient reverse voltage is applied to two ends of zirconia by the oxygen pump 102, oxygen flows from a low concentration to a high concentration side, which is equivalent to pumping oxygen on one side, other gas components are not changed, and oxygen in the smoke to be measured can be pumped without affecting other components. The right side of the oxygen sensor 101 is isolated from the left side of the oxygen pump 102 by a first isolation ring 5, the right side of the oxygen pump 102 is isolated from the left side of the NO sensor 103 by a second isolation ring 6, a NO reduction reaction catalyst 7 is arranged in a flue gas channel 3 positioned in the middle of the second isolation ring 6, the NO reduction reaction catalyst 7 is an SCR catalyst, tiO2 is used as a carrier, V2O5 is used as a main active component, WO3 and MoO3 are used as anti-oxidation and anti-poisoning auxiliary components, and in the embodiment, a plate type or corrugated plate type catalyst is selected.
As shown in fig. 2, the constant-current air extractor 2 includes a venturi tube 201, compressed air is introduced from one end of the large diameter of the venturi tube 201, the compressed air flows through the venturi tube 201, the flow rate of the compressed air is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the diameter of the venturi tube 201, one side of the connecting part of the throat section and the contraction section of the venturi tube 201, which is close to the contraction section, is connected to the first connecting tube 4, because the air flow is reduced from thick to thin, a negative pressure is formed in the area, a negative pressure is provided for the flue gas to be detected to flow into the flue gas channel 3 through the first connecting tube 4, a sonic orifice plate is arranged in the first connecting tube 4 or between the first connecting tube 4 and the venturi tube 201, a plurality of sonic orifices 202 are arranged on the sonic orifice plate, and when the differential pressure at the two ends of the sonic orifices is large enough, the flow rate reaches the sonic velocity and is kept stable. The invention ensures the stable flow of the smoke to be measured by arranging the sound velocity small hole, and the flow fluctuation caused by the pressure fluctuation of the smoke to be measured can not be caused. And the flow of the smoke to be measured is stable, so that the measurement precision is improved.
The sensor device 1 is coated with a heat tracing heat insulation sleeve 10, the heat tracing heat insulation sleeve 10 covers the outer surfaces of the oxygen sensor 101, the oxygen pump 102, the NO sensor 103 and other areas, the heat tracing temperature is 550-650 ℃, and the heat tracing heat insulation sleeve has the function of heating smoke to be detected to about 600 ℃ to create stable high-temperature reaction conditions for NO reduction reaction, ensure thorough reaction and improve measurement accuracy.
In this embodiment, the oxygen sensor 101, the first isolating ring 5, the oxygen pump 102 and the NO sensor 103 have the same outer diameter, i.e. their axes are all collinear with the axis of the flue gas channel 3. The first isolation ring 5 and the second isolation ring 6 are both made of heat-resistant and insulating materials, wherein the oxygen sensor 101 and the oxygen pump 102 are physically isolated by the first isolation ring 5, the diameter of the second isolation ring 6 is larger than the outer diameters of the oxygen pump 102 and the NO sensor 103, the outer wall of the second isolation ring 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the heat tracing insulation sleeve 10, the gap between the sensor device 1 and the heat tracing insulation sleeve 10 can be divided into a first gap area 801 and a second gap area 802, the first gap area 801 is communicated with the external environment through a first communication pipe 901, and the second gap area 802 is communicated with the external environment through a second communication pipe 902. The first gap 801 is open to the environment, and the oxygen concentration of the gas in the first gap 801 is substantially the same as the oxygen concentration of the environment due to diffusion, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the oxygen sensor 101 and the oxygen pump 102. Second clearance district 802 is connected with venturi 201 through second connecting pipe 11, be provided with the sound velocity orifice plate in the second connecting pipe 11 or between second connecting pipe 11 and venturi 201, a plurality of sound velocity apertures 202 have been seted up on the sound velocity orifice plate, gaseous fast flow in the negative pressure drive intercommunication second clearance district 802 that venturi 201 formed, it is updated, thereby guarantee the stability of gaseous oxygen concentration in the second clearance district 802, in addition first clearance district 801 and second clearance district 802 separate, can prevent that the flue gas that awaits measuring from getting into venturi 201 by second clearance district 802.
As shown in fig. 3, the process of processing and measuring the flue gas to be measured in the present apparatus is as follows:
firstly, the flue gas to be measured enters from the left side of the flue gas channel 3, and when the flue gas passes through the area of the oxygen sensor 101, the oxygen concentration of the flue gas to be measured can be measured and recorded as Co 2 (ii) a The flue gas to be tested then passes through the oxygen pump 102 where the O in the flue gas to be tested is 2 The gas is pumped out by the oxygen pump 102 to facilitate the subsequent reduction reaction of NOx in the smoke to be detected, at the moment, the first clearance area 801 is communicated with the external environment, and due to the diffusion effect, the oxygen concentration of the gas in the first clearance area 801 is basically consistent with the atmospheric oxygen concentration, so that the normal work of the oxygen sensor 101 and the oxygen pump 102 is ensured; then, the NOx in the flue gas to be measured is subjected to reduction reaction in a catalyst (NO reduction reaction catalyst) area to generate nitrogen N2 and oxygen O2, and the nitrogen N2 and the oxygen O2 continuously flow into an NO sensor 103 area, and O is measured in the area 2 Concentration of (2), noted as Co 2 0, the balance relation of chemical reaction shows that the concentration of NOx in the smoke to be detected is Cno = Co 2 0/2; finally, the flue gas to be detected after the reduction reaction passes through the first connecting pipe 4 and the sound velocity small hole 202, is pumped out by the venturi tube 201 and is discharged into the atmosphere, the flue gas to be detected flows wholly, and the power is derived from the negative pressure formed by compressed air flowing through the venturi tube 201.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A quick measuring equipment of flue gas NOx based on electrochemistry method, characterized by comprising: the device comprises a sensor device and a constant-current air extractor, wherein a flue gas channel is arranged in the sensor device, flue gas to be detected enters the sensor device from one end of the flue gas channel, and the other end of the flue gas channel is connected with the constant-current air extractor through a first connecting pipe;
the sensor device comprises an oxygen sensor, an oxygen pump and an NO sensor which are sequentially arranged, wherein the oxygen sensor is isolated from one end of the oxygen pump through a first isolation ring, the other end of the oxygen pump is isolated from the NO sensor through a second isolation ring, and a NO reduction reaction catalyst is arranged in the flue gas channel in the middle of the second isolation ring;
constant current air exhaust device pass through first connecting pipe with keeping away from of NO sensor second isolating ring one end meets, constant current air exhaust device includes venturi, venturi meets with first connecting pipe, first connecting pipe with be provided with the sound velocity orifice plate between venturi, the sound velocity aperture has been seted up on the sound velocity orifice plate, venturi lets in compressed air for the flue gas that awaits measuring flows in the flue gas passageway provides the negative pressure.
2. The electrochemical-based rapid flue gas NOx measurement apparatus of claim 1 wherein the oxygen sensor, the first spacer ring, the oxygen pump, the second spacer ring and the NO sensor are all ring-shaped and have their axes collinear with the axis of the flue gas channel.
3. The rapid flue gas NOx measuring device based on the electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outside of the sensor device is coated with a heat tracing thermal insulation sleeve.
4. The electrochemical-based rapid flue gas NOx measurement apparatus of claim 3 wherein the second spacer ring has an outer diameter greater than the outer diameters of the oxygen pump and the NO sensor, the inner wall of the heat trace jacket is in interference with the outer wall of the second spacer ring, and the second spacer ring divides the gap between the sensor device and the heat trace jacket into a first gap region and a second gap region.
5. The rapid flue gas NOx measurement device based on the electrochemical method according to claim 4, wherein the first gap area is communicated with the external environment through a first communicating pipe, and the second gap area is communicated with the external environment through a second communicating pipe.
6. The rapid flue gas NOx measuring device based on the electrochemical method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second gap region is connected with the Venturi tube through a second connecting pipe, a sound velocity pore plate is arranged between the second connecting pipe and the Venturi tube, and the sound velocity pore plate is provided with sound velocity pores.
7. The rapid flue gas NOx measurement device based on the electrochemical method according to claim 3, wherein the heat tracing temperature of the heat tracing thermal insulation sleeve is 550-650 ℃.
8. The rapid flue gas NOx measuring device based on the electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measuring range of the oxygen sensor is 0-50%.
9. The electrochemical-based rapid flue gas NOx measurement device of claim 1 wherein the first and second spacer rings are made of heat-resistant insulating material.
10. The rapid flue gas NOx measuring device based on the electrochemical method of claim 1, wherein the NO reduction reaction catalyst is used for reducing NOx in the flue gas to be measured into N2 and O2, and the concentration of NOx in the flue gas to be measured is one half of the oxygen concentration measured by the NO sensor.
CN202210719889.3A 2022-06-23 2022-06-23 Rapid flue gas NOx measuring equipment based on electrochemical method Pending CN115248242A (en)

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