CN115242826B - Nuclear power plant data real-time transmission and storage method - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant data real-time transmission and storage method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a method for transmitting and storing nuclear power plant data in real time. All the systems and programs for data acquisition, transmission and distribution and the digital twin system are deployed in a production area, and the distribution system uses a distributed message system to buffer data so as to avoid accumulation of data and congestion of a transmission link caused by the fact that a data processing program cannot process all the data technically when the data volume is too large. The time sequence data writing program and the digital twin system acquire the unit data in real time by subscribing the corresponding Topic in the distributed message system Kafka, so that the running state of the unit can be tracked in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a method for transmitting and storing nuclear power plant data in real time.
Background
Digitization and intellectualization of a nuclear power plant are one of the directions of nuclear power development, and are also important means for improving the operation safety and economy of the nuclear power plant. The unit data is an important basis for the digitization and the intellectualization of the nuclear power plant, after the unit data is obtained in real time, on one hand, the data processing integration can be carried out in a unified nuclear power data standard system frame, a unified data development system and a data service system are created, the data supply and demand efficiency is improved, the unit data is served for data demand of application, on the other hand, the data of a physical operation entity (comprising a DCS system, a process system and equipment) of the nuclear power plant in the unit data can be provided to a digital twin system of the nuclear power plant, the digital twin system of the nuclear power plant realizes virtual mapping of the physical operation entity of the nuclear power plant by a high-precision simulation model, and one important feature of the digital twin system is the capability of carrying out data interaction with an actual unit, so that the self optimization and automatic tracking of the digital twin system can be realized by means of real data of the unit.
The real-time acquisition of crew data involves a number of aspects including: data acquisition, data transmission, data distribution, data storage and the like. At present, in the aspect of nuclear power data acquisition, the acquisition program is single-channel, and if a channel link fails, the data acquisition process cannot be carried out; in terms of data transmission and distribution, real unit data are transmitted in a certain quantity with a certain frequency, and when the data volume is large, if the data are not forwarded in time, partial data are lost; in the aspect of data storage, the measurement point data in the current nuclear power plant PI system are not classified and stored, so that the efficient use of the data is not facilitated. In addition, for the traditional nuclear power plant simulator, the capability of acquiring the unit data in real time is not provided, so that the running state of the unit is difficult to track, and the running data of the unit is not used for realizing the self-optimization and automatic tracking of the simulation model.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the method for transmitting and storing the data of the nuclear power plant in real time is provided.
According to an aspect of the disclosed embodiments, there is provided a method for transmitting and storing data in real time in a nuclear power plant, the method including:
s1, data acquisition and transmission are respectively connected with a field device sensor and a DCS system in a communication way through a data acquisition interface machine deployed in a power plant production area, one or more acquisition programs are deployed in the data acquisition interface machine to acquire field device sensor data and DCS system data in real time, and acquired data are sent to a distributed message system Kafka;
s2, data distribution, namely arranging a distributed message system Kafka, a time sequence database and a digital twin system in a production area, temporarily caching data acquired by a data acquisition interface machine after the data enter corresponding topics in the distributed message system Kafka, subscribing the corresponding topics in the distributed message system Kafka by a time sequence data writing program of the time sequence database and the digital twin system respectively, and consuming the time sequence data writing program and the digital twin system respectively under the condition that the subscribed data are judged to arrive;
s3, storing data, wherein the data subscribed by the time sequence data writing program is stored in a time sequence database for classification and partition storage, and the data subscribed by the digital twin system enters the digital twin system in real time for further processing and analysis;
the nuclear power plant is divided into a production area and a management area, and data of the production area can only flow to the management area in one direction, while data of the management area cannot flow to the production area.
In one possible implementation, the field device sensor is provided with two sensor data transmission modules for simultaneously transmitting the same sensor data; the DCS system is provided with two DCS system data transmitting modules for simultaneously transmitting the same DCS system data; the data acquisition interface machine is provided with a sensor data acquisition program and a DCS system data acquisition program, and the method further comprises the following steps:
the sensor data acquisition program receives data from the two sensor data transmission modules, compares whether the received data has repeated data, deletes one data in the two repeated data and caches the other data in the two repeated data under the condition that the two repeated data are judged to exist;
the DCS system data acquisition program receives data from the two DCS system data transmission modules, compares whether the received data has repeated data, deletes one data in the two repeated data and caches the other data in the two repeated data under the condition that the two repeated data are judged to exist.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
the sensor data acquisition program compares the received data in the current period with the received data in the period of the current period, and judges whether repeated data exist or not;
and the DCS data acquisition program compares the received data in the current period with the received data in the period above the current period, and judges whether repeated data exist.
In one possible implementation manner, the data sent by the data acquisition interface machine to the distributed message system Kafka at least includes a measurement point code, an acquisition time stamp, a data quality and a measurement point value, wherein the measurement point code is used for uniquely identifying each measurement point of the nuclear power plant, the acquisition time stamp is used for indicating the time when the data acquisition interface machine acquires the data, the data quality is used for indicating the quality of the data acquired by the data acquisition interface machine, and the measurement point value is used for indicating the numerical value acquired by the measurement point of the nuclear power plant.
In one possible implementation manner, the data sent by the data acquisition interface machine to the distributed message system Kafka at least includes a measurement point code, an acquisition timestamp, a data quality and a measurement point value, and the method further includes:
the sensor data acquisition program judges that two received data are repeated data under the condition that the measuring point codes, the acquisition time stamps and the measuring point values of the two data are the same;
and the DCS data acquisition program judges that the two data are repeated data under the condition that the measuring point codes, the acquisition time stamps and the measuring point values of the two received data are the same.
In one possible implementation, the site code includes a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, the first portion being a nuclear power plant code, the second portion being a unit code, and the third portion being a nuclear power plant original site number.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
the time sequence database encodes the received data to obtain encoded data;
and the time sequence database stores the coded data in a classified mode according to the preset power plant type, the preset unit type and the preset process system type, and the data in the same type are stored in the storage area corresponding to the type.
In one possible implementation, the time series database encodes the received data, including:
and under the condition that the type of the time sequence database is an IoTDB database, if the received data is low-frequency measurement point data, the double-precision floating point value, the single-precision floating point value and the integer value are coded by adopting a GORILLA coding mode, and the Boolean value is coded by adopting a run coding mode.
In one possible implementation, the timing database encodes the received data, and further includes:
and under the condition that the type of the time sequence database is an IoTDB database, if the measuring point data is high-frequency measuring point data, adopting a PLAIN coding mode to code.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the data acquisition interface machine transmits the acquired data to the distributed message system in a data packet mode.
The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are: all the systems and programs for data acquisition, transmission and distribution and the digital twin system are deployed in a production area, and the distribution system uses a distributed message system to buffer data so as to avoid accumulation of data and congestion of a transmission link caused by the fact that a data processing program cannot process all the data technically when the data volume is too large. The time sequence data writing program and the digital twin system acquire the unit data in real time by subscribing the corresponding Topic in the distributed message system Kafka, so that the running state of the unit can be tracked in real time.
The method for transmitting and storing the nuclear power plant data in real time uses innovative data storage, data transmission and other technologies, and a digital twin system is arranged in a production area; the digital twin system of the nuclear power plant has the capability of carrying out data interaction with an actual unit, so that the self-optimization and automatic tracking of the digital twin system are supported.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for transmitting and storing data of a nuclear power plant in real time according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating DCS data acquisition according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating DCS data acquisition according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an example of time series data station encoding shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary IoTDB data model
Description of the embodiments
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for transmitting and storing data of a nuclear power plant in real time according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the real-time transmission, storage and interaction of the digital twin system data of the nuclear power plant are mainly carried out through the following steps:
s1, data acquisition and transmission are connected with a field device sensor and/or a DCS (distributed control system ) system in a communication way through a data acquisition interface machine deployed in a power plant production area, wherein the data acquisition interface machine is used for deploying a sensor data acquisition program and/or a DCS acquisition program so as to acquire sensor data and DCS data in real time and transmitting the acquired data to a distributed message system Kafka through a data packet format, and the sensor data acquisition program and/or the DCS acquisition program are used for acquiring data through a double acquisition channel;
after acquiring measurement point parameters of each process system and equipment of an actual unit through a sensor and acquiring DCS process parameters of the actual unit through a DCS communication protocol, the present disclosure sets one or more special data acquisition interface machines in a production area of a power plant, each interface machine is in communication connection with a field device sensor and is also in communication connection with the DCS system, one or more acquisition programs (the acquisition programs are divided into a sensor data acquisition program and a DCS acquisition program according to different acquisition objects) are deployed in the interface machine to acquire sensor data and DCS data respectively for different equipment, wherein, for the sensor, the corresponding industrial protocol and interface are used to acquire sensor data, and for the DCS system, DCS system data are acquired according to the corresponding communication protocol and interface of the DCS system, for example: and for the Siemens DCS system, a UDP protocol is used for collecting DCS data.
According to the size of the collected data and the different sources of the collected data, a plurality of interface machines, such as a special interface machine for DCS data collection and a special interface machine for sensor data collection, can be used. Of course, considering the diversity of the acquisition procedure, if the performance requirement is not high, the acquisition procedure can be put into an interface machine.
In one possible implementation, the field device sensor is provided with two sensor data transmission modules for simultaneously transmitting the same sensor data; the DCS system is provided with two DCS system data transmitting modules for simultaneously transmitting the same DCS system data; the data acquisition interface machine is provided with a sensor data acquisition program and a DCS system data acquisition program, and the method further comprises the following steps:
the sensor data acquisition program receives data from the two sensor data transmission modules, compares whether the received data has repeated data, deletes one data in the two repeated data and caches the other data in the two repeated data under the condition that the two repeated data are judged to exist;
the DCS system data acquisition program receives data from the two DCS system data transmission modules, compares whether the received data has repeated data, deletes one data in the two repeated data and caches the other data in the two repeated data under the condition that the two repeated data are judged to exist.
The scheme of the double acquisition channels is used in the method, the influence of single-channel faults is eliminated, data in the channels are received simultaneously, and the faults of any one channel do not influence the correct and stable receiving of the data. Any channel is transparent to the user when the fault occurs, the user is not influenced to acquire data in real time, the communication between the systems can be ensured effectively, and the real-time performance of the communication can be ensured.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
the sensor data acquisition program compares the received data in the current period with the received data in the period of the current period, and judges whether repeated data exist or not;
and the DCS data acquisition program compares the received data in the current period with the received data in the period above the current period, and judges whether repeated data exist.
In one possible implementation manner, the data sent by the data collection interface machine to the distributed message system Kafka at least includes a measurement point code, a collection time stamp, a data quality and a measurement point value, where the measurement point code is used to uniquely identify each measurement point of the nuclear power plant, the collection time stamp is used to indicate a time when the data collection interface machine collects data, the data quality is used to indicate a quality of the data collected by the collection interface machine, the measurement point value is used to indicate a numerical value obtained by collection of the measurement points of the nuclear power plant, and the method further includes:
the sensor data acquisition program judges that two received data are repeated data under the condition that the measuring point codes, the acquisition time stamps and the measuring point values of the two data are the same;
and the DCS data acquisition program judges that the two data are repeated data under the condition that the measuring point codes, the acquisition time stamps and the measuring point values of the two received data are the same.
In the following, DCS data acquisition is described in detail as an example, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of DCS data acquisition according to an exemplary embodiment, and fig. 3 is a flowchart of DCS data acquisition according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, during actual operation, the XU module inside the unit is connected to the application program XUtoUDP, which is used to receive the message sent by XU, where XUtoUDP processes the received message, and then sends the message to the outside of the unit in a data packet manner through UDP, and the DCS data collection program is used to receive the data sent by XUtoUDP. In order to ensure the correctness and stability of data acquisition, the data acquisition program needs to simultaneously receive the point data sent by the two XUtoUDP programs, delete one data in the two repeated data, and cache the other data in the two repeated data, and when one channel fails, any channel fails, so that the correct and stable receiving of the data is not affected.
In this embodiment, the collected data may be sent to the outside, for example, through a data packet format, where the data packet may be in a binary data packet format or a JSON format, and at least the data packet should include information in four dimensions, including a measurement point code, a collection timestamp, a data quality, and a measurement point value.
The measuring point code is a measuring point ID named according to a measuring point code naming rule of a nuclear power plant, the ID is unique in the whole power plant, and in order to ensure the uniqueness and the distinguishing property of the measuring point ID, in the embodiment, the complete measuring point code (measuring point unicode) of the time sequence data of the nuclear power industrial internet platform consists of three parts. The first part is a power plant code consisting of two characters, the second part is a unit code, the third part is a power plant original measuring point number, and the measuring point code is shown in fig. 4.
In order to ensure time accuracy, the measurement point time stamp is a millisecond time stamp; the data quality is a mark representing the quality of the measured point value, and is generally 0 and 1, wherein 0 can represent the value good, and 1 represents a problem; the measurement point value is the value acquired by the sensor when the measurement point is at the corresponding time stamp. In the process, the data can be directly sent out in a specific data packet through simple processing after being acquired without using an isolation net gate, so that the real-time performance of the data is improved.
S2, data distribution, namely deploying a distributed message system Kafka, a data twin system and a time sequence database in a production area, wherein a time sequence data writing program of the time sequence database and the digital twin system subscribe to corresponding topics in Kafka respectively, after the measured point data enter the corresponding topics in Kafka, the time sequence data writing program and the digital twin system temporarily buffer the measured point data, and if the data arrive, the time sequence data writing program and the digital twin system judge that the data are consumed in time.
The nuclear power plant is divided into a production area and a management area, and in order to ensure data safety, the data of the production area can only flow to the management area in one direction, and the data of the management area can not flow to the production area; in the application, in order to realize that the unit data are transmitted to the digital twin system in real time, a distributed message system Kafka, the data twin system and a time-ordered database are deployed in a production area. To enable bi-directional flow of data therebetween. Meanwhile, in order to avoid that a data distribution program cannot process in time due to large quantity of collection and transmission, a distributed message system Kafka is used for carrying out peak clipping and caching on a large quantity of sensor data and DCS data in the embodiment, so that stable data processing is ensured, and the situation that a large quantity of data simultaneously floods into a time sequence database and a digital twin system to cause accumulation of the data and congestion of a transmission link is avoided.
The data distribution is carried out in two ways, one way can be directly stored, and the other way can be directly sent to the digital twin system, so that the reduction of data instantaneity caused by intermediate storage and access is avoided. After entering the corresponding Topic in Kafka, the site data is temporarily cached. On the one hand, the time sequence data writing program subscribes to the corresponding Topic in Kafka, if data arrives, the time sequence data writing program consumes in time and processes the data into a format required by the time sequence database storage, and then the data is written into the time sequence database. On the other hand, the digital twin system is also subscribed to the corresponding Topic in Kafka because the real-time data of the actual unit is needed to be used for automatic debugging of the system state and self-optimization of the model, so that the real-time data can enter the digital twin system in time and be used for further processing and analysis.
S3, data storage, namely storing the measurement point data subscribed by the time sequence data writing program into a time sequence database for classification and partition storage; the measured point data subscribed by the digital twin system enters the digital twin system in real time for further processing and analysis;
in step S3, the measurement point data subscribed by the digital twin system can enter the digital twin system in real time and without damage for automatic system state debugging and self-optimization of the model, and the measurement point data subscribed by the time series data writing program is stored in the time series database for classification and partition storage.
In this embodiment S3, the classification and partition storage in the time-series database includes the following steps:
s31, coding the measuring point data to obtain coded data;
the measurement point data of the power plant is usually in JSON format, which includes, in addition to necessary information such as measurement point coding, acquisition time stamp, data quality and measurement point value, various symbols such as space symbol, bracket and the like, in order to improve the data storage efficiency, in this embodiment, the data is coded in the process of data writing, so as to reduce the usage amount of disk space. The data volume of the I/O operation can be reduced in the process of writing data and reading data, thereby improving the performance.
The coding modes are different according to different types of the database and different sources of the measuring point data.
If the database is an IoTDB database, the measured point data is a low-frequency measured point value, the data coding is carried out on a DOUBLE-precision floating point value (DOUBLE), a single-precision floating point value (FLOAT) and an integer value (INT 32) by adopting a GORILLA coding mode, and the data coding is carried out on a Boolean value (BOOLEAN) by adopting a run length coding (RLE) mode; if the database is an IoTDB database, the measurement point data is a high-frequency measurement point, then the data is encoded by using a PLAIN encoding mode, all the measurement value data in one data packet are stored in a binary mode, and the measurement value data type is a character string value (TEXT).
In the present disclosure, online measurement data of a nuclear power plant may also be time series data, and the online measurement data may include high frequency data and low frequency data, wherein the high frequency data is typically data generated by a high frequency sensor, the high frequency sensor often generates no less than 100 values per second (e.g., thousands or tens of thousands of values per second by the high frequency sensor), the low frequency data is typically data generated by a low frequency sensor, and the low frequency sensor often generates less than 100 values per second (e.g., hundreds of values per second by the low frequency sensor).
S32, storing the coded data according to a preset storage area and a preset storage structure, wherein the preset storage area is set according to the fact that the measured point data of the same power plant, the same unit and the same process system are stored in the same storage area;
in this embodiment, before the time sequence data is stored in the time sequence database, the time sequence data needs to be classified and stored in a partition mode, so that storage and use efficiency is improved. By classifying and storing the coded data in the partitions, the storage and access of the measurement point data among each partition are not interfered with each other.
When the adopted time sequence databases are different, the specific setting of the preset storage areas is also different, and no matter what database is used, the data of the measuring points in the same power plant, the same unit and the same process system can be stored in the same storage area when the preset storage areas are set.
For example, when the time sequence database is IoTDB time sequence data, the setting of the path corresponding to the storage area may be: group code (or company code), plant code, measuring point unicode, namely designating a group/company layer-power plant layer-plant layer as a storage group in the IoTDB time sequence data, wherein the storage group corresponds to a plant, and each plant of each power plant corresponds to one storage group, so that the IoTDB stores the data of all devices under the storage group under the same folder. For example, if the power plant is a three-door nuclear power plant and the unit is a unit No. 1, the storage group corresponding to the data generated by the unit No. 1 should be set as follows: root.CNNP.ZS.01; all data of the measuring point are stored in a storage area corresponding to a CCS system of the three-door nuclear power unit1, and all inquiry of the data of the measuring point is limited to the storage area. If the data of the measuring point 10CWS-TE306A is from the three-door nuclear power unit1, the path used for storing the time sequence data is as follows: root.CNNP.ZS.01.ZS_01_10CWS-TE306A, wherein CNNP.ZS.01 is a storage group, 01_10CWS-TE306A is a measuring point unicode, and an IoTDB time sequence data model is shown in FIG. 5.
When the time sequence database is an InfluxDB database, the naming of database should correspond to a power plant, and the measurement is named in a mode of "power plant coding_unit coding", for example: if the data of the measurement is the time sequence data from the Qin mountain factory No. 1 machine set, the measurement used for storing the time sequence data should be named as: q1_unit1, thereby determining the data source, so that the measurement point data of the same power plant, the same UNIT and the same process system are stored in the same storage area.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the technical improvement of the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The method for transmitting and storing the data of the nuclear power plant in real time is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, data acquisition and transmission are respectively connected with a field device sensor and a DCS system in a communication way through a data acquisition interface machine deployed in a power plant production area, one or more acquisition programs are deployed in the data acquisition interface machine to acquire field device sensor data and DCS system data in real time, and acquired data are sent to a distributed message system Kafka;
s2, data distribution, namely arranging a distributed message system Kafka, a time sequence database and a digital twin system in a production area, temporarily caching data acquired by a data acquisition interface machine after the data enter corresponding topics in the distributed message system Kafka, subscribing the corresponding topics in the distributed message system Kafka by a time sequence data writing program of the time sequence database and the digital twin system respectively, and consuming the time sequence data writing program and the digital twin system respectively under the condition that the subscribed data are judged to arrive;
s3, storing data, wherein the data subscribed by the time sequence data writing program is stored in a time sequence database for classification and partition storage, and the data subscribed by the digital twin system enters the digital twin system in real time for further processing and analysis;
the nuclear power plant is divided into a production area and a management area, and data of the production area can only flow to the management area in one direction, while data of the management area cannot flow to the production area.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the field device sensor is provided with two sensor data transmission modules for simultaneously transmitting the same sensor data; the DCS system is provided with two DCS system data transmitting modules for simultaneously transmitting the same DCS system data; the data acquisition interface machine is provided with a sensor data acquisition program and a DCS system data acquisition program, and the method further comprises the following steps:
the sensor data acquisition program receives data from the two sensor data transmission modules, compares whether the received data has repeated data, deletes one data in the two repeated data and caches the other data in the two repeated data under the condition that the two repeated data are judged to exist;
the DCS system data acquisition program receives data from the two DCS system data transmission modules, compares whether the received data has repeated data, deletes one data in the two repeated data and caches the other data in the two repeated data under the condition that the two repeated data are judged to exist.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:
the sensor data acquisition program compares the received data in the current period with the received data in the period of the current period, and judges whether repeated data exist or not;
and the DCS data acquisition program compares the received data in the current period with the received data in the period above the current period, and judges whether repeated data exist.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the data sent by the data acquisition interface machine to the distributed message system Kafka includes at least a measurement point code, an acquisition time stamp, a data quality and a measurement point value, wherein the measurement point code is used for uniquely identifying each measurement point of the nuclear power plant, the acquisition time stamp is used for indicating a time when the data acquisition interface machine acquired the data, the data quality is used for indicating a quality of the data acquired by the data acquisition interface machine, and the measurement point value is used for indicating a numerical value acquired by the measurement points of the nuclear power plant.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the data sent by the data acquisition interface machine to the distributed messaging system Kafka includes at least a site encoding, an acquisition time stamp, a data quality, and a site value, the method further comprising:
the sensor data acquisition program judges that two received data are repeated data under the condition that the measuring point codes, the acquisition time stamps and the measuring point values of the two data are the same;
and the DCS data acquisition program judges that the two data are repeated data under the condition that the measuring point codes, the acquisition time stamps and the measuring point values of the two received data are the same.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the site code comprises a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, the first portion being a nuclear power plant code, the second portion being a unit code, the third portion being a nuclear power plant original site number.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
the time sequence database encodes the received data to obtain encoded data;
and the time sequence database stores the coded data in a classified mode according to the preset power plant type, the preset unit type and the preset process system type, and the data in the same type are stored in the storage area corresponding to the type.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the time series database encodes the received data, comprising:
and under the condition that the type of the time sequence database is an IoTDB database, if the received data is low-frequency measurement point data, the double-precision floating point value, the single-precision floating point value and the integer value are coded by adopting a GORILLA coding mode, and the Boolean value is coded by adopting a run coding mode.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the time series database encodes the received data, further comprising:
and under the condition that the type of the time sequence database is an IoTDB database, if the measuring point data is high-frequency measuring point data, adopting a PLAIN coding mode to code.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the data acquisition interface machine transmits the acquired data to the distributed message system in a data packet mode.
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