CN115240795A - Method for testing adaptability of composite prepreg for automatic tape laying machine - Google Patents
Method for testing adaptability of composite prepreg for automatic tape laying machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115240795A CN115240795A CN202210780427.2A CN202210780427A CN115240795A CN 115240795 A CN115240795 A CN 115240795A CN 202210780427 A CN202210780427 A CN 202210780427A CN 115240795 A CN115240795 A CN 115240795A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method for testing the adaptability of a composite prepreg for an automatic tape laying machine, which comprises the steps of designing a basic diagram for special laying test, converting the basic diagram for the laying test into a laying path diagram and corresponding machine tool codes through the automatic laying machine, and then qualitatively judging the adaptability of the prepreg to be tested and the automatic tape laying machine according to multiple laying indexes of the prepreg in the corresponding automatic laying machine, thereby indicating the defects of the composite prepreg and having important guiding significance for optimizing and improving the prepreg.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automatic manufacturing of composite materials, in particular to a method for testing adaptability of a composite material prepreg for an automatic tape laying machine.
Background
The automatic laying technology integrates functions of positioning, automatic laying, compacting, shearing, re-conveying and the like of the prepreg by using a numerical control system, is widely applied to the military field such as the aerospace field, is a raw material for automatic laying, is a basis for development and application of the automatic laying technology, and requires the prepreg to have good adaptability with automatic laying equipment due to the high-speed forming characteristic of the automatic laying technology.
According to the shape and laying requirements of products, automatic laying can be divided into Automatic Tape Laying (ATL) and automatic filament laying (AFP). The automatic tape laying machine and the related technology are born in the 60 s of the 20 th century, and the automatic tape laying technology is widely applied to the manufacturing field of commercial airplanes along with the development of commercial airplanes in the later period. Over decades of continuous development and sophistication, automated tape laying equipment and techniques have matured considerably in the united states and europe and are used on a large scale in the manufacture of composite components. In 2004, nanjing aerospace university developed the first automatic tape laying principle prototype in China on the basis of developing automatic tape laying equipment in combination with the aviation materials research institute, and realized the basic functional application of automatic tape laying.
However, the domestic automatic tape laying technology has a large difference with the foreign automatic tape laying technology, so that the slow development of the automatic tape laying technology in China has various reasons, and the composite material for tape laying is a core factor, so that the development of the composite material prepreg suitable for the automatic tape laying machine is a necessary condition and is a key for starting large-scale automatic laying and pasting of the composite material.
At present, the test evaluation method of the composite prepreg for automatic tape laying mainly shows the following differences and disadvantages:
1. the test method is complex and the standard is not uniform
At present, the adaptability of the prepreg and the automatic tape laying machine is mainly concerned with the viscosity of materials, the adaptability of the materials is judged through the viscosity of the materials and the viscosity of the die, but the testing mode does not have a unified standard, most of devices which are modified are adopted to carry out the peeling force test between material layers, and the testing results of different modifying devices are different and have great difference.
2. The test method has low practicability
The traditional method for testing the viscous peeling force is difficult to quickly and efficiently evaluate the adaptability of the prepreg, and the batch-manufactured material cannot accurately obtain a test result in a relatively short time, so that the method is not high in practicability.
3. The test method has poor effect
The adaptability influence factors of the material and the equipment are many, the material is determined by the viscosity, the rigidity, the stripping force of the backing paper, the temperature and the humidity of the paving and pasting environment and the like, and the uncertain conditions are formed, whether the adaptability of the material and the equipment is suitable or not is difficult to judge through one or two quantitative indexes, the material viscosity index measured conventionally is difficult to completely cover the judgment of the adaptability of the material, so that the test results of the viscosity of some materials are ideal, but the application effect on the automatic belt paving machine equipment is not ideal, and the effect of evaluating the adaptability of the material is not achieved. In addition, the existing experimental device for measuring the interlayer bonding performance of the prepreg has the defects of low testing efficiency, low effect, high manufacturing cost of the device, incapability of combining with actual laying and the like.
In a word, the adaptability evaluation of the prepreg and equipment of the composite material still lacks a quick and efficient evaluation mode at present, so that the adaptability of the material and the equipment cannot be quickly evaluated, the market application of the composite material is limited, and the development of the application of an automatic tape laying technology is also severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to provide a method for testing the suitability of a composite prepreg for an automatic tape laying machine, for example, to ameliorate at least some of the problems described above.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for testing the adaptability of a composite prepreg for an automatic tape laying machine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Designing a basic diagram for tape laying test, wherein the basic diagram is a two-dimensional pattern and comprises the following steps: a parallelogram a and a parallelogram b completely positioned in the parallelogram a, wherein the length of a pair of long sides of the parallelogram a is not less than 1.5m, the length of a pair of short sides is [0.1,0.6] m, and the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees; the width of one pair of long sides of the parallelogram b is [0.05,0.2] m, the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees, and the included angle between the other pair of short sides and the horizontal axis is [40, 50] °;
(2) Converting the basic diagram into a paving path diagram for the automatic tape laying machine and a corresponding machine tool machining code;
(3) The automatic tape laying machine takes prepreg to be tested as a raw material and carries out laying test according to a laying path diagram;
(4) The method comprises the following steps of obtaining multiple index results of a material belt paved and pasted by an automatic tape paving machine at different paving and pasting testing speeds, comprehensively evaluating the adaptability of a prepreg to be tested and a corresponding automatic tape paving machine, wherein when paving and pasting tests are carried out under the same temperature and humidity condition, the material belt paved and pasted meets the conditions: the gap value of the material belt is [0,2] mm, the number of the wrinkles of the material belt is not more than 2, and the paving test speed is [1, + ∞) m/min; judging that the prepreg to be tested has adaptability to the corresponding automatic tape laying machine; otherwise, judging that the belt paving machine and the corresponding automatic belt paving machine do not have adaptability.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for testing the adaptability of a composite prepreg for an automatic tape laying machine, which comprises the steps of designing a basic diagram for special laying and pasting tests, converting the basic diagram for the laying and pasting tests into a laying and pasting path diagram and corresponding machine tool codes through the automatic laying and pasting machine, and then qualitatively judging the adaptability of the prepreg to be tested and the automatic tape laying type automatic tape laying machine with a one-step method according to multiple laying indexes of the prepreg in the laying and pasting of the automatic tape laying machine, so that the defects of the composite prepreg are indicated, and the method has important guiding significance for optimizing and improving the composite prepreg.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a basic diagram of a tape laying test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a paving path diagram in the first embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example one
The method is characterized in that the prepreg is used as a raw material, and a one-step automatic tape laying machine is used as equipment for laying and pasting tests to test the adaptability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine.
Specifically, the method for testing the adaptability of the composite material prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a basic diagram for tape laying testing, wherein the basic diagram is a two-dimensional pattern and comprises the following steps: a parallelogram a and a parallelogram b completely positioned in the parallelogram a, wherein the length of a pair of long sides of the parallelogram a is not less than 1.5m, the length of a pair of short sides is [0.1,0.6] m, and the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees; the widths of a pair of long sides of the parallelogram b are [0.05,0.2] m, the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees, and the included angle between the other pair of short sides and the horizontal axis is [40, 50] °;
note that the parallelogram a and the parallelogram b in the basic diagram do not intersect, and the length of a pair of long sides of the parallelogram a is not less than 1.5m, for example, 1.5m, 1.8m, 2.2m, 2.5m, etc., so as to ensure that the tape produced by laying according to the laying route diagram has enough space for rewinding, and verify the adaptability of secondary rewinding of the prepreg; the length of a pair of short sides of the parallelogram a is [0.1,0.6] m, for example, 0.1m, 0.15m, 0.2m, 0.31m, 0.43m, 0.55m and 0.6m, and the included angle between a pair of long sides of the parallelogram a and a horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees, for example, 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 7 degrees, 9.6 degrees and 10 degrees, so as to verify the viscosity and the paving adaptability of the paving prepreg during small-angle cutting; the width of the long sides of the pair of parallel four sides b is [0.05,0.2] m, and the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees, for example, the included angle between the long sides of the pair of parallel four sides b and the horizontal axis can be 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 6.3 degrees, 7 degrees, 8.2 degrees and 10 degrees, and the included angle between the short sides of the other pair of parallel four sides b and the horizontal axis is [40, 50] degrees, for example, 40 degrees, 42 degrees, 43.6 degrees, 45 degrees, 47 degrees and 50 degrees, so as to verify the cutting capability and the multiple-rewinding adaptability of the laid prepreg complex structure. For example, a two-dimensional base map as shown in fig. 1 is designed using CATIA.
S2: converting the basic diagram into a paving path diagram for the automatic tape laying machine and a corresponding machine tool machining code;
the basic diagram is a two-dimensional diagram, and the basic diagram can be input into tape laying programming software of an automatic tape laying machine, the software is used for carrying out automatic tape laying path planning, tape laying programming and post-processing, files required by tape laying equipment for laying, cutting and detecting are output, numerical control programming of automatic tape laying is completed, relevant laying parameters are set, if a standard gap value is 1mm, a heating temperature is 40-50 ℃, a laying pressing roller pressure is 3-5bar, a tape laying programming path is automatically generated, the laying path is optimized to obtain a final laying path of the diagram 2, and finally a tape laying code of the tape laying machine is generated so that the tape laying machine can carry out automatic laying according to a laying path diagram. For example, as shown in fig. 1, a two-dimensional basic map is processed by a tape laying planning and programming software such as Tapelay software of a one-step tape laying machine, and a laying path map (0 ° laying path design map) and corresponding laying NC codes as shown in fig. 2 are generated.
S3, an automatic tape laying machine takes prepreg to be tested as a raw material, and carries out laying test according to a laying path diagram (namely, NC code execution) under the conditions that the temperature is 20, 22 ℃ and the relative humidity percentage (namely RH%) is 45 percent and 55 percent;
it should be noted that the paving test includes the conventional procedures of cutting, feeding, positioning, compacting, etc. of the one-step automatic tape paving machine.
S4: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining multiple index results of a material belt paved and pasted by an automatic tape paving machine at different paving and pasting testing speeds, and comprehensively evaluating the adaptability of a prepreg to be tested and a corresponding automatic tape paving machine, wherein when paving and pasting tests are carried out under the same temperature and humidity condition, the material belt paved and pasted meets the conditions: the gap value of the material belt is [0,2] mm, the number of the wrinkles of the material belt is not more than 2, and the paving test speed is [1, + ∞) m/min; judging that the prepreg to be tested has adaptability to the corresponding paving test equipment; otherwise, judging that the belt paving machine and the corresponding automatic belt paving machine do not have adaptability.
It should be noted that, when the paving test is performed under the same temperature and humidity condition, multiple repeated paving (i.e. executing the same paving procedure) can be performed at the same paving test speed, the material belt gap value is the maximum value and the minimum value of the gaps between the adjacent material belts, the material belt wrinkle number is the median of the material belt wrinkle number obtained by each paving, and the material belt wrinkle number includes the material belt edge and the wrinkle number appearing in the material belt.
Example two
On the basis of the embodiment 1, in order to further clarify the adaptability of the prepreg to be tested and the corresponding automatic tape laying machine, an applicability evaluation table for the laying and pasting test of the prepreg and the automatic tape laying machine can be set, and the adaptability of the prepreg to be tested and the corresponding automatic tape laying machine is evaluated by comprehensively scoring with the laying and pasting test speed, the gap value between the tapes and the number of wrinkles appearing on the tapes as evaluation indexes.
It should be noted that, in the following description,
for example, a table of the evaluation table of the suitability of the prepreg for the tape laying test with an automatic tape laying machine is shown in table 1.
Table 1: suitability evaluation table for laying and pasting test of prepreg and automatic tape laying machine
| Spread paste test speed (m/min) | Gap value | Number of wrinkles | Corresponding score |
| ≥60 | [0.8,1.2] | 0 | 10 |
| [50,60) | [0.8,1.2] | 0 | 9 |
| [40,50) | [0.5,1.5] | 0 | 8 |
| [30,40) | [0.5,1.5] | 0 | 7 |
| [20,30) | [0.2,1.8] | 0 | 6 |
| [10,20) | [0.2,1.8] | 0 | 5 |
| [10,20) | [0,2] | 0 | 4 |
| [1,10) | [0,2] | 0 | 3 |
| [1,10) | [0,2] | 1 | 2 |
| [1,10) | [0,2] | 2 | 1 |
As shown in table 1, when the tape is laid out, the conditions are satisfied: the tape clearance is [0,2] mm, the tape wrinkle number is not more than 2, the paving test speed is [10, + ∞) m/min, the suitability score of the prepreg to be tested and corresponding paving test equipment is at least 4, the prepreg to be tested and the corresponding paving test equipment are preliminarily judged to have better adaptability, and the adaptability level of the prepreg to be tested and the corresponding paving test equipment is judged to be better under the condition that the tape clearance value deviation is kept relatively smaller along with the increase of the paving test speed.
Considering the laying speed of the conventional automatic tape laying machine, the laying test speed is generally limited to (0,60 ]) m/min, and the suitability of the prepreg to the corresponding automatic tape laying machine is evaluated.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the embodiments 1 and 2, three types of prepregs with different resin systems A, B and C are selected, paving tests with different speeds are carried out on an automatic tape paving machine under the conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the relative humidity percentage is 50%, the maximum testing paving speed can reach [50, 60) m/min and the comprehensive score can reach 9 minutes on the premise that the gap value and the wrinkle number of the material A are 0. Before the material B is improved, smooth paving cannot be realized, the number of wrinkles exceeds 3, and the comprehensive score is 0; after the material is improved, on the premise of ensuring that the number of wrinkles is 0, the gap is controlled to be 0.2,1.8 mm, the maximum paving speed is 10, 20) m/min, and the comprehensive score can reach 5. Before improvement, smooth paving and pasting cannot be realized on the material C, the number of wrinkles exceeds 3, the overlapping condition of the material belts exists, and the comprehensive score is 0; after the material is improved, on the premise of ensuring that the wrinkles are 0, the gap is controlled to be [0,2] mm, the maximum paving speed is [1, 10) m/min, the paving speed is increased to generate the excessive difference of the wrinkles and the gaps, and the comprehensive score can reach 3. The prepreg adaptability can be improved by adjusting the prepreg manufacturing process parameters of the materials B and C, the paving test is repeated again, and the adaptability results of the prepreg manufacturing process parameters and the adaptability results of the automatic tape paving machine are improved (specifically shown in Table 2).
Table 2: adaptive scoring result with automatic tape laying machine before and after prepreg improvement
| Raw material | Raw materials and fitness score results | Improved material | Improvements in or relating to | Improved materials and fitness score results |
| Material A | 9 | Material A 1 | / | / |
| Material B | 0 | Material B 1 | Prepreg manufacturing process parameter optimization | 5 |
| Material C | 0 | Material C 1 | Prepreg manufacturing |
3 |
In conclusion, the method for testing the adaptability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine can qualitatively and quantitatively judge and test the adaptability of the composite prepreg and the automatic tape laying machine, thereby indicating the defects of the composite prepreg and having important guiding significance for the optimization and improvement of the composite prepreg.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for testing adaptability of a composite material prepreg for an automatic tape laying machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Designing a basic diagram for tape laying test, wherein the basic diagram is a two-dimensional pattern and comprises the following steps: a parallelogram a and a parallelogram b completely positioned in the parallelogram a, wherein the length of a pair of long sides of the parallelogram a is not less than 1.5m, the length of a pair of short sides is [0.1,0.6] m, and the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees; the width of one pair of long sides of the parallelogram b is [0.05,0.2] m, the included angle between the long sides and the horizontal axis is not more than 10 degrees, and the included angle between the other pair of short sides and the horizontal axis is [40, 50] °;
(2) Converting the basic diagram into a paving path diagram for the automatic tape laying machine and a corresponding machine tool machining code;
(3) The automatic tape laying machine takes prepreg to be tested as a raw material and carries out laying test according to a laying path diagram;
(4) The method comprises the following steps of obtaining multiple index results of a material belt paved and pasted by an automatic tape paving machine at different paving and pasting testing speeds, comprehensively evaluating the adaptability of a prepreg to be tested and a corresponding automatic tape paving machine, wherein when paving and pasting tests are carried out under the same temperature and humidity condition, the material belt paved and pasted meets the conditions: the gap value of the material belt is [0,2] mm, the number of the wrinkles of the material belt is not more than 2, and the paving test speed is [1, + ∞) m/min; judging that the test prepreg has adaptability to the automatic tape laying machine; otherwise, judging that the belt conveyor has no adaptability with the corresponding automatic belt laying machine.
2. The method for testing the adaptability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine according to claim 1, wherein the automatic tape laying machine is a one-step tape laying type automatic tape laying machine.
3. The method for testing the adaptability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine according to claim 1, wherein the parallelogram a and the parallelogram b in the basic diagram for tape laying test in the step (1) are non-intersecting.
4. The method for testing the adaptability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine according to claim 1, wherein the automatic tape laying machine in the step (3) is used for carrying out a tape laying test under the conditions of temperature of [20, 22] DEG C and relative humidity percentage of [45%,55% ].
5. The method for testing the suitability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine according to claim 1, wherein the speed of the lay-up test in the step (4) is [1,60] m/min.
6. The method for testing the adaptability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine according to claim 1, wherein when the step (4) is repeated laying for multiple times at the same laying test speed, the tape gap value and the tape wrinkle number obtained in the laying test are the maximum value and the minimum value of two tape gaps obtained in each laying and the median value of the tape wrinkle number.
7. The method for testing the adaptability of the composite material prepreg for the automatic belt paving machine as recited in claim 6, wherein the material belt gap value is the maximum value and the minimum value of the gap between the material belts of the adjacent layers.
8. The method for testing the suitability of the composite prepreg for the automatic tape laying machine according to claim 7, wherein the number of tape wrinkles includes tape edges and the number of wrinkles occurring in the tape.
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