CN115236415B - Antenna gain acquisition method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Antenna gain acquisition method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium for obtaining antenna gain, belonging to the technical field of antenna signal processing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known; generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss; and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna. According to the antenna gain acquisition method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium, the space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance is generated through the space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are located at different interval distances, and then the gain of the antenna to be tested is determined according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna, so that the gain of the antenna to be tested can be determined quickly, the measurement accuracy is ensured, and meanwhile, the test efficiency is improved greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna signal processing technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for obtaining antenna gain, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
One common method of antenna gain measurement is three-antenna extrapolation, which is particularly suited for measuring standard gain horns. The traditional three-antenna extrapolation method needs to perform three measurements, which is an absolute method, does not need any reference standard, and has better measurement uncertainty but takes time. In addition, the traditional comparison method has the advantages of measuring gain twice and relatively fast, but because the measuring distance is fixed and the measuring is carried out under a limited distance, the obtained antenna gain has deviation from an infinity gain value, and the accuracy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides an antenna gain acquisition method, an antenna gain acquisition device, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an antenna gain obtaining method, including:
collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known;
generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss;
and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
In one embodiment, the determining the gain of the antenna to be measured according to the spatial insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna includes:
performing polynomial fitting according to the space insertion loss curve to obtain a target polynomial, and determining a reference value according to the target polynomial;
and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna.
In one embodiment, the determining the gain of the antenna to be measured according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna includes:
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna by adopting the following calculation formula;
wherein G is C (dB) is the gain of the antenna to be tested, A 1 (dB) is a reference value; g A (dB) is the gain of the reference antenna, M C (dB) is the port impedance correction value; lambda is the wavelength;
wherein Γ is G And Γ L The source end reflection coefficient and the load end reflection coefficient of the connection part are respectively.
In one embodiment, the target polynomial includes a three-term polynomial or a four-term polynomial, and the reference value is a value of a first term of the polynomial.
In one embodiment, if the reference antenna is a transmitting antenna, the distance between the initial position point of the antenna to be measured and the antenna port surface of the transmitting antenna is smaller thanWherein D is the size of the transmitting antenna port face, and lambda is the wavelength.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an antenna gain acquisition apparatus, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be detected are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known;
the generating module is used for generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss;
and the determining module is used for determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the antenna gain acquisition method of the first aspect when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing the processor to execute the steps of the antenna gain acquisition method of the first aspect.
According to the antenna gain acquisition method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium, the space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance is generated through the space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are located at different interval distances, and then the gain of the antenna to be tested is determined according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna, so that the gain of the antenna to be tested can be determined quickly, the measurement accuracy is ensured, and meanwhile, the test efficiency is improved greatly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an antenna gain obtaining method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatial insertion loss curve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optimized spatial insertion loss curve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a curve-fitting polynomial provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the gain of the antenna to be tested and a standard value;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna gain acquiring device provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The antenna gain acquisition method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of an antenna gain obtaining method according to the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
11. collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known;
12. generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss;
13. and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
In this regard, it should be noted that, in the present invention, the reference antenna is an antenna having an accurate gain value measured by a three-antenna extrapolation method. The three-antenna extrapolation measurement is an existing measurement method, and its specific principle process is not explained here.
In the present invention, if both the reference antenna and the antenna to be measured are passive antennas, the transceiver roles of the reference antenna and the antenna to be measured may be interchanged.
In the invention, the antenna to be measured is precisely moved from a certain longitudinal travel, so that the distance between the reference antenna and the antenna to be measured is precisely changed from near to far. The initial position point of the travel is located in the near field region of the transmitting antenna and is smaller than the mouth surfaceWherein D is the size of the antenna port surface, lambda is the wavelength, the moving range is selected according to the measurement frequency, and the antenna can enter the far field region of the antenna, namely, the antenna is larger than +.>The distance sampling interval is less than one eighth wavelength of the highest frequency, and the space insertion loss in the process of receiving and transmitting signals when the two antennas are at different interval distances is acquired.
And generating a curve by the acquired space insertion loss which varies along with the distance, filtering, and removing the space standing wave caused by mutual coupling of the receiving and transmitting antennas from a curve with ripple waves to a smooth curve.
According to the invention, the curve can be analyzed and calculated based on the space insertion loss curve to obtain the reference value, then the reference value is associated with the gain of the reference antenna, and the gain of the antenna to be measured can be determined according to the association.
According to the antenna gain acquisition method provided by the invention, the space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance is generated through the space insertion loss of the reference antenna and the space insertion loss of the antenna to be measured when the reference antenna and the space insertion loss of the antenna to be measured are at different interval distances, and then the gain of the antenna to be measured is determined according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna, so that the gain of the antenna to be measured can be rapidly determined, the measurement accuracy is ensured, and meanwhile, the test efficiency is greatly improved.
In the further method of the above method, the process of determining the gain of the antenna to be measured according to the spatial insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna is mainly explained, and specifically as follows:
fitting polynomials according to the space insertion loss curve to obtain a target polynomial, and determining a reference value according to the target polynomial;
and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna.
In this regard, in the present invention, a polynomial of a preset term number is obtained based on spatial insertion loss curve fitting. For example, the polynomial may be a trigonometric polynomialOr a polynomial of four terms->
In the present invention, the reference value is the value of the first term of the above polynomial, such as A1.
In the present invention, A 1 The first term of the polynomial used to fit the curve is d.fwdarw.infinity according to the definition of the gain, A 1 I.e. the product of the gains of the antennas at infinity, i.e. the gain product G of a pair of antennas AC (reference antenna a and antenna C to be measured) A G C Converting dB values to gain sum G A (dB)+G C (dB)。
For this purpose, it is possible to applyThe value of the reference value A1 minus the gain G of the reference antenna A (dB) the gain of the antenna to be tested can be obtained.
If absolute gain is required, then M is required C And (5) correcting. For this purpose, the gain of the antenna to be measured is determined according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna by using the following calculation formula;
wherein G is C (dB) is the gain of the antenna to be tested, A 1 (dB) is a reference value; g A (dB) is the gain of the reference antenna, M C (dB) is the port impedance correction value; lambda is the wavelength;
wherein Γ is G And Γ L The source end reflection coefficient and the load end reflection coefficient of the connection are respectively.
For example: selecting a frequency band of 18 GHz-26.5 GHz, wherein the antenna to be tested and the reference antenna are standard gain horn antennas, and the far-field distance of the antenna is equal to that of the reference antenna0.39m, and the extrapolation test distance is 0.05 m-0.25 m. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatial insertion loss curve, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optimized spatial insertion loss curve, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a curve fitting polynomial, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a comparison of a gain of an antenna to be measured and a standard value.
The antenna gain acquiring apparatus provided by the present invention will be described below, and the antenna gain acquiring apparatus described below and the antenna gain acquiring method described above may be referred to correspondingly to each other.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic flow chart of an antenna gain obtaining apparatus provided by the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the apparatus includes an acquisition module 61, a generation module 62, and a determination module 63, where:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be detected are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known;
the generating module is used for generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss;
and the determining module is used for determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
In a further arrangement of the above arrangement, the determining module is specifically configured to:
fitting polynomials according to the space insertion loss curve to obtain a target polynomial, and determining a reference value according to the target polynomial;
and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna.
In a further device of the above device, the determining module is specifically configured to:
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna by adopting the following calculation formula;
wherein G is C (dB) is the gain of the antenna to be tested, A 1 (dB) is a reference value; g A (dB) is the gain of the reference antenna, M C (dB) is the port impedance correction value; lambda is the wavelength;
wherein Γ is G And Γ L The source end reflection coefficient and the load end reflection coefficient of the connection are respectively.
In a further arrangement of the above arrangement, the target polynomial comprises a three-term polynomial or a four-term polynomial, and the reference value is a value of a first term of the polynomial.
In a further device of the above device, if the reference antenna is a transmitting antenna, the distance between the initial position point of the antenna to be measured and the antenna port surface of the transmitting antenna is smaller thanWherein D is the size of the transmitting antenna port face, and lambda is the wavelength.
Since the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is the same as the method according to the above embodiment, the details of the explanation will not be repeated here.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the related functional modules may be implemented by a hardware processor (hardware processor).
According to the antenna gain acquisition device provided by the invention, the space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance is generated through the space insertion loss of the reference antenna and the space insertion loss of the antenna to be measured when the reference antenna and the space insertion loss of the antenna to be measured are at different interval distances, and then the gain of the antenna to be measured is determined according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna, so that the gain of the antenna to be measured can be rapidly determined, the measurement accuracy is ensured, and meanwhile, the test efficiency is greatly improved.
Fig. 7 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, as shown in fig. 7, which may include: a processor (processor) 71, a communication interface (Communication Interface) 72, a memory (memory) 73 and a communication bus 74, wherein the processor 71, the communication interface 72 and the memory 73 communicate with each other via the communication bus 74. The processor 71 may invoke a computer program in the memory 73 to perform the steps of the antenna gain acquisition method, for example including: collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known; generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss; and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 73 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, randomAccessMemory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, are capable of performing the steps of an antenna gain acquisition method, for example comprising: collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known; generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss; and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing the processor to perform steps of an antenna gain acquisition method, including, for example: collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known; generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss; and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna.
The processor-readable storage medium may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including, but not limited to, magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical storage (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), semiconductor storage (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, nonvolatile storage (NAND FLASH), solid State Disk (SSD)), and the like.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An antenna gain acquisition method, comprising:
collecting space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known; the reference antenna is an antenna with accurate gain value measured by a three-antenna extrapolation method; if the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are both passive antennas, the receiving and transmitting roles of the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested can be exchanged;
generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss;
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna;
the method further comprises the steps of: after generating a space insertion loss generating curve, filtering the space insertion loss generating curve to remove a space standing wave caused by mutual coupling of the receiving and transmitting antennas, and changing a curve with ripple waves into a smooth curve;
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the space insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna comprises the following steps:
performing polynomial fitting according to the space insertion loss curve to obtain a target polynomial,
determining a reference value according to the target polynomial, wherein the reference value is the numerical value of a first term of the polynomial;
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna by adopting the following calculation formula;
wherein,G C (dB) is the gain of the antenna to be tested,A 1 (dB) is a reference value;G A (dB) is the gain of the reference antenna,M C (dB) is the port impedance correction value;λis wavelength;
wherein,Γ G andΓ L the reflection coefficients of the source end and the load end at the joint are respectively;
the target polynomial comprises a three-term polynomial or a four-term polynomial, and the reference value is the numerical value of a first term of the polynomial;
if the reference antenna is a transmitting antenna, the initial position point of the antenna to be measured is in the near field region of the transmitting antenna, and the distance between the initial position point and the antenna port surface of the transmitting antenna is smaller thanWherein D is the size of the opening surface of the transmitting antenna,λthe range of travel can enter the far field region of the transmit antenna at a distance from the sample interval of less than one eighth wavelength of the highest frequency for the wavelength.
2. An antenna gain acquisition apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the space insertion loss when the reference antenna and the antenna to be detected are positioned at different interval distances; wherein the gain of the reference antenna is known; the reference antenna is an antenna with accurate gain value measured by a three-antenna extrapolation method; if the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested are both passive antennas, the receiving and transmitting roles of the reference antenna and the antenna to be tested can be exchanged;
the generating module is used for generating a space insertion loss curve which changes along with the interval distance according to the space insertion loss;
a determining module, configured to determine a gain of the antenna to be tested according to the spatial insertion loss curve and the gain of the reference antenna, including: based on a space insertion loss curve, analyzing and calculating the curve to obtain a reference value, then establishing a correlation between the reference value and the gain of a reference antenna, and determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the correlation;
the device is also for: after generating a space insertion loss generating curve, filtering the space insertion loss generating curve to remove a space standing wave caused by mutual coupling of the receiving and transmitting antennas; the determining module is specifically configured to:
performing polynomial fitting according to the space insertion loss curve to obtain a target polynomial, and determining a reference value according to the target polynomial;
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna;
the determining module is specifically configured to, in a process of determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna:
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the reference value and the gain of the reference antenna by adopting the following calculation formula;
wherein,G C (dB) is the gain of the antenna to be tested,A 1 (dB) is a reference value;G A (dB) is the gain of the reference antenna,M C (dB) is the port impedance correction value;λis wavelength;
wherein,Γ G andΓ L the source end reflection coefficient and the load end reflection coefficient of the connection are respectively.
3. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the antenna gain acquisition method of claim 1 when executing the computer program.
4. A processor-readable storage medium, wherein the processor-readable storage medium stores a computer program for causing the processor to perform the steps of the antenna gain acquisition method of claim 1.
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