CN115235338A - Method for measuring main dimension of ship in dock - Google Patents

Method for measuring main dimension of ship in dock Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115235338A
CN115235338A CN202210792578.XA CN202210792578A CN115235338A CN 115235338 A CN115235338 A CN 115235338A CN 202210792578 A CN202210792578 A CN 202210792578A CN 115235338 A CN115235338 A CN 115235338A
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China
Prior art keywords
ship
dock
datum
line
point
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CN202210792578.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李福江
于庆福
程晶
宋忠伟
丁也
于述翔
尹枭
丁兆东
赵志澎
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Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co Ltd
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Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210792578.XA priority Critical patent/CN115235338A/en
Publication of CN115235338A publication Critical patent/CN115235338A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/03—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring coordinates of points

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

A method for measuring the main scale of a ship in a dock comprises the steps that the ship is located in a dock chamber of the dock, dock walls are arranged on two sides of the dock chamber, a total station is used for drawing a plurality of front and rear datum lines at equal intervals on the top surfaces of the dock walls on the two sides, the front and rear datum lines are short line segments parallel to the center of a stern rudder of the ship, a width datum line is drawn between the adjacent front and rear datum lines, and a datum point is formed by the center of the end portion of the width datum line and the end portion of the front and rear datum lines, which coincide. And measuring three-dimensional coordinates of each datum point by using a total station, horizontally transferring the average value of the central height base line of the outer bottom of the ship body by using the total station to form a height datum point, obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the height datum point, and converting the obtained three-dimensional coordinates by using the total station to obtain the main scale values of the ship. The method aims at the accuracy and convenience of the main scale measurement requirement of the ship built in the dock, achieves the effect of rapid measurement and accurate measurement by using the mode of drawing the datum line at the top end of the dock wall, and can measure various ships.

Description

Method for measuring main dimension of ship in dock
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ship design and construction, and particularly relates to a method for measuring a main scale of a ship in a ship dock building process.
Background
When ships are built in docks in shipyards, the main dimension measurement of the ships is one of the last important items of precision operation in the docks, the currently generally adopted measurement method of the dock floor block line has poor effect and low measurement efficiency, the precision caused by overhigh measurement elevation angle of an instrument is poor, and the measurement period is long, so that errors in data are generated. Therefore, necessary measures need to be taken, and an auxiliary width datum line is drawn on the upper end planes of the dock walls on the two sides of the dock to measure relevant data of the main scale of the ship.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for measuring the main dimension of a ship in a dock, which adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for measuring the main dimension of a ship in a dock comprises the following specific steps of:
s1: reflective light targets are arranged at the bow end, the stern end and the port and starboard in the middle of the ship body of the ship, and the positions of the port and starboard reflective light targets are also ship type width points.
S2: the total station is placed at any position where the ship stern rudder and the surface of the top end of the dock wall can be observed, a plurality of front and rear datum lines are drawn on the surface of the top end of the dock wall on two sides at equal intervals by the total station, and the front and rear datum lines are short line segments parallel to the center of the ship stern rudder.
A width reference line is drawn between adjacent front and rear reference lines, and a center at which the end of the width reference line coincides with the end of the front and rear reference lines forms a reference point.
S3: building stations for all the datum points by using a total station to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data of all the datum points, distance values between a datum point positioned in the middle of the dock wall and the reflected light targets on the port and starboard, and distance values between datum points positioned at two ends of the dock wall and the bow end and the stern end of the ship; and then obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the reflected light targets arranged on the bow end, the stern end, the port and the starboard.
S4: and horizontally transferring the average value of the central height base line of the outer bottom of the hull to form a height reference point by using a total station, drawing the height reference point on a keel block, drawing a height reference point on each of two sides of the keel block, and drawing the height reference point at a position which can be clearly seen when the total station is erected at the top end of a dock wall.
S5: and building the height reference point by using a total station to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate of the height reference point, wherein the ship type wide point and the ship type deep point are the same point, and the three-dimensional coordinate of the ship type wide point is combined with the three-dimensional coordinate of the dock bottom height reference point to obtain a ship type depth height value.
S6: and converting the three-dimensional coordinates obtained in the S3 and the S5 by using a total station to obtain the main scale values of the ship. And (3) converting the three-dimensional coordinates of the ship bow end and ship stern end reflection light targets to obtain the length value of the ship, converting the three-dimensional coordinates of the ship port and starboard reflection light targets to obtain the width value of the ship, and converting the three-dimensional coordinates of the height reference point and the ship type depth point in the step (5) to obtain the height value of the ship.
In the method for measuring the main dimension of the ship in the dock, further, the distance between the width reference line and the center of the stern rudder and the bow droop center is any integer.
In the method for measuring the main dimension of the ship in the dock, the width of the width datum line is equal to or larger than or smaller than the width of the front datum line and the rear datum line.
In the method for measuring the main dimension of the ship in the dock, further, the distance between the center of the width datum line and the centers of the adjacent front datum line and the adjacent rear datum line is 100 meters.
In the method for measuring the main scale of the ship in the dock, further, in step S2, a total station is used for drawing a front and a rear reference lines parallel to the center of the stern rudder of the ship at the top ends of the dock walls on two sides, the front and the rear reference lines are continuously drawn along the front and the rear reference lines to the bow of the ship, the adjacent front and the rear reference lines have a distance, and the last front and the rear reference lines are parallel to the center of the bow droop.
In the method for measuring the main dimension of the ship in the dock, furthermore, the ship width point is positioned at the outermost side of the upper deck at the center of the ship length of the ship, namely the positions of the port and starboard reflected light targets are positioned at the outermost side of the upper deck at the center of the ship length of the ship.
The method aims at the accuracy and convenience of the measurement requirement of the main scale of the ship built in the dock, achieves the effects of quick measurement, improvement of the measurement efficiency and accurate measurement by using the form of drawing the reference line at the top end of the dock wall, can be used for measuring various ships, is convenient and quick, and shortens the measurement period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view;
fig. 3 is a reference point formed by the intersection of the fore-aft reference line and the width reference line.
Wherein: 1-reflection light target, 2-fore and aft datum line, 3-width datum line, 4-total station, 5-height datum point, 6-dock chamber and 7-datum point.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings.
A method for measuring a main dimension of a ship in a dock comprises the following steps that the ship is located in a dock chamber of the dock, keel blocks are arranged at the bottom of the dock chamber, the ship is placed on the keel blocks, a central shaft of the ship coincides with a ground central line of the dock chamber, dock walls are arranged on two sides of the dock chamber, the main dimension of the ship is measured in the dock chamber, the main dimension of the ship comprises the total length of the ship body, the length between two columns, the shape depth and the shape width of the ship body, and the specific steps for measuring the main dimension of the ship are as follows:
s1: as shown in fig. 1, reflective light targets are arranged at the bow end, the stern end, the port and the starboard in the middle of the ship body of the ship, the positions of the port and starboard reflective light targets are ship-type wide points, and the ship-type wide points are positioned at the outermost sides of the upper deck at the center of the ship length of the ship, namely the positions of the port and starboard reflective light targets are positioned at the outermost sides of the upper deck at the center of the ship length of the ship. The points where the light targets are reflected by the bow end, the stern end, the port and the starboard are also points to be actually measured, namely actual measuring points. The actual ship length is measured by using the reflected light targets at the bow end and the stern end, and the model width of the ship is measured by using the reflected light targets arranged at the port and starboard. The reflected light targets of the port side and the starboard side are arranged at the positions, close to the sea surface, of the port side and the starboard side of the ship.
S2: the total station is placed at any position where the surface of the stern rudder and the top end of the dock wall of the ship can be observed, a plurality of front and back datum lines are drawn on the top end surfaces of the dock walls on two sides at equal intervals by the total station, and the front and back datum lines are short line segments parallel to the center of the stern rudder of the ship. And drawing a first front and back datum line parallel to the center of the stern rudder of the ship at the top ends of the dock walls on the two sides by using the total station, continuously drawing the front and back datum lines towards the bow of the ship by taking the first front and back datum line as a starting point, wherein the adjacent front and back datum lines have a distance, and the last front and back datum line is parallel to the bow perpendicularity center.
A width reference line is drawn between adjacent front and back reference lines, the end of the width reference line intersecting the end of the front and back reference lines to form a reference point, as shown in fig. 3. The distance between the width datum line and the stern rudder center and the bow droop center is any integer, so that the subsequent measurement and calculation are facilitated. The width reference line and the front and back reference lines may be the same or different in width, and when the width of the width reference line is the same as that of the front and back reference lines, the center point of the intersecting line formed by the intersection of the width reference line and the front and back reference lines is taken as a reference point.
S3: building stations for all the datum points by using a total station to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data of all the datum points, distance values between a datum point positioned in the middle of the dock wall and the reflected light targets on the port and starboard, and distance values between datum points positioned at two ends of the dock wall and the bow end and the stern end of the ship; and then obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the reflected light targets arranged on the bow end, the stern end, the port and the starboard.
S4: and measuring to obtain the height average value of the central height base line of the outer sole of the ship body, horizontally transferring the average value of the central height base line of the outer sole of the ship body by using a total station to form a height reference point, drawing the height reference point on a keel block, drawing one height reference point on each of two sides of the keel block, and drawing the height reference point at a position which can be clearly seen when the total station is erected at the top end of a dock wall. And measuring the model depth of the ship by using the height datum point.
S5: the method comprises the steps of measuring by utilizing reflective light targets arranged on a port side and a starboard side to obtain ship type width data and ship type width point three-dimensional coordinates, locating a ship type depth point at a theoretical line on the outermost side of an upper deck, enabling the ship type width point and the ship type depth point to be the same point, combining the ship type width point three-dimensional coordinates with dock bottom height datum point three-dimensional coordinates, and converting in a total station system to obtain a ship type depth height value. And calculating to obtain ship type depth data by using the height value of the central base line of the outer bottom of the ship body. The ship type width point is a measuring point for measuring the width of the ship, the ship type depth point is a measuring point for measuring the depth of the ship, and the ship type width point and the ship type depth point are the same point, so that the subsequent conversion calculation of the type depth point by using the type width point is facilitated.
S6: and converting the three-dimensional coordinates obtained in the S3 and the S5 by using a total station to obtain the main scale values of the ship. And (3) converting the three-dimensional coordinates of the ship bow end and ship stern end reflection light targets to obtain the length value of the ship, converting the three-dimensional coordinates of the ship port and starboard reflection light targets to obtain the width value of the ship, and converting the three-dimensional coordinates of the height reference point and the ship type depth point in the step (5) to obtain the height value of the ship.
The method aims at the accuracy and convenience of the measurement requirement of the main scale of the ship built in the dock, achieves the effects of quick measurement, improvement of the measurement efficiency and accurate measurement by using the form of drawing the reference line at the top end of the dock wall, can establish a permanent three-dimensional coordinate system on the dock wall, can permanently reserve the reference line column, can measure various ships, is convenient and quick, and shortens the measurement period.

Claims (6)

1. A method for measuring the main dimension of a ship in a dock is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a ship is positioned in a dock chamber of a dock, keel blocks are arranged at the bottom of the dock chamber, the ship is placed on the keel blocks, the central shaft of the ship is superposed with the ground center line of the dock chamber, dock walls are arranged on two sides of the dock chamber, and the main scale of the ship is measured through the following specific steps:
s1: reflecting light targets are arranged at the bow end part, the stern end part and the port and starboard parts in the middle of the ship body of the ship, and the positions of the port and starboard reflecting light targets are ship type width points;
s2: placing a total station at any position where the surfaces of the stern rudder and the top end of the dock wall of the ship can be observed, drawing a plurality of front and rear datum lines at equal intervals on the surfaces of the top ends of the dock walls on two sides by using the total station, wherein the front and rear datum lines are short line segments parallel to the center of the stern rudder of the ship;
drawing a width datum line between adjacent front and rear datum lines, wherein a datum point is formed at the center of the end part of the width datum line, which coincides with the end part of the front and rear datum lines;
s3: building stations for all the datum points by using a total station to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data of all the datum points, distance values between a datum point positioned in the middle of the dock wall and the reflected light targets on the port and starboard, and distance values between datum points positioned at two ends of the dock wall and the bow end and the stern end of the ship; further obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of the reflected light targets arranged on the bow end, the stern end, the port and the starboard;
s4: horizontally transferring the average value of the central height base line of the outer bottom of the ship body by using a total station to form a height reference point, drawing the height reference point on a keel block, drawing a height reference point on each of two sides of the keel block, and drawing the height reference point at a position which can be clearly seen when the total station is erected at the top end of a dock wall;
s5: building a station for the height reference point by using a total station to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate of the height reference point, wherein the ship type wide point and the ship type deep point are the same point, and the three-dimensional coordinate of the ship type wide point is combined with the three-dimensional coordinate of the dock bottom height reference point to obtain a ship type depth height value;
s6: and converting the three-dimensional coordinates obtained in the S3 and the S5 by using a total station to obtain the main scale values of the ship.
2. A method of measuring the major dimension of a vessel in a dock according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the width datum line and the center of the stern rudder and the bow vertical center is any integer.
3. A method of measuring the major dimension of a vessel in a dock according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the width reference line is equal to or greater than or less than the width of the front and rear reference lines.
4. A method of measuring the major dimension of a vessel in a dock according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the center of the width reference line and the centers of the adjacent front and rear reference lines is 100 m.
5. A method of measuring the major dimension of a vessel in a dock according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, a total station is used for drawing a front datum line and a rear datum line parallel to the center of the ship stern rudder at the top ends of the dock walls on the two sides, the front datum line and the rear datum line are continuously drawn to the bow of the ship along the front datum line and the rear datum line, a distance exists between the adjacent front datum line and the adjacent rear datum line, and the last front datum line and the last rear datum line are parallel to the bow verticality center.
6. A method of measuring the major dimension of a watercraft in a dock according to claim 1, wherein: the ship type width point is positioned on the outermost side of the upper deck at the center of the ship length, namely the positions of the port and starboard reflected light targets are positioned on the outermost side of the upper deck at the center of the ship length.
CN202210792578.XA 2022-07-07 2022-07-07 Method for measuring main dimension of ship in dock Pending CN115235338A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115675784A (en) * 2022-10-28 2023-02-03 天津大学 Ship block docking system and docking method based on digital measuring field

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115675784A (en) * 2022-10-28 2023-02-03 天津大学 Ship block docking system and docking method based on digital measuring field

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