CN115234400A - Waste heat power generation system applied to field of ship and ocean engineering - Google Patents

Waste heat power generation system applied to field of ship and ocean engineering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115234400A
CN115234400A CN202210921158.7A CN202210921158A CN115234400A CN 115234400 A CN115234400 A CN 115234400A CN 202210921158 A CN202210921158 A CN 202210921158A CN 115234400 A CN115234400 A CN 115234400A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
loop
working medium
pipeline
power generation
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Pending
Application number
CN202210921158.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
盛德
于宝勤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anrong Energy Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute of CSSC No 604 Research Institute
Original Assignee
Anrong Energy Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute of CSSC No 604 Research Institute
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Filing date
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Application filed by Anrong Energy Technology Shanghai Co ltd, Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute of CSSC No 604 Research Institute filed Critical Anrong Energy Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Priority to CN202210921158.7A priority Critical patent/CN115234400A/en
Publication of CN115234400A publication Critical patent/CN115234400A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • F02G5/04Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2260/00Recuperating heat from exhaust gases of combustion engines and heat from cooling circuits
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering, which comprises a cooling water loop, a waste gas heat exchange loop and a power generation power loop, wherein a first working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the power generation power loop; the power generation power loop comprises a heat exchange device, an expander, a condenser and a working medium booster pump which are connected in sequence; the working medium booster pump is connected with the heat exchange device; the pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are both arranged in the heat exchange device in a penetrating way; the pipeline of the cooling water loop in the heat exchange device and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop in the heat exchange device are both used as heating sources for heating the first working medium. The invention has the characteristics of full waste heat utilization, simple system structure, convenient operation and maintenance and low risk.

Description

Waste heat power generation system applied to field of ship and ocean engineering
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering, in particular to a waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering.
Background
At present, in the field of ship and ocean engineering, a common practical way for utilizing waste heat of an internal combustion engine is to utilize the waste heat of the internal combustion engine to provide a heat source or utilize cooling water of the internal combustion engine to prepare fresh water, and the quality of energy is not improved. The disclosed technology for generating power by using waste heat of an internal combustion engine has the following problems:
1. the utilization of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine is insufficient, and the specific expression is that only the high-temperature waste heat in the waste gas of the internal combustion engine is utilized or water vapor is adopted as a working medium, so that the low-temperature waste heat in the cooling water of the internal combustion engine cannot be utilized.
2. The system is complex in structure, and particularly adopts a plurality of loops to complete the working cycle of working medium condensation heat release, pressurization, heat absorption, work application and pressure reduction.
3. The original system of the internal combustion engine is functionally modified, and the original system is specifically characterized in that a cooling water system is heated, so that the original purpose of cooling is overcome, and the risk is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering comprises a cooling water loop for cooling an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas heat exchange loop taking exhaust gas discharged by the internal combustion engine as a heat source and a power generation power loop providing power for a generator, wherein a first working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the power generation power loop; the power generation power loop comprises a heat exchange device for heating a first working medium to a gas state, an expander for driving a generator, a condenser for cooling the first working medium to a liquid state and a working medium booster pump for driving the first working medium to circularly flow in the loop, which are sequentially connected; the working medium booster pump is connected with the heat exchange device; the pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are both arranged in the heat exchange device in a penetrating way; the pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are both used as heating sources for heating the first working medium.
The waste heat power generation system applied to the fields of ships and ocean engineering also comprises a power generation system control unit for controlling the waste gas heat exchange loop and the power generation power loop; and a sensor for detecting the temperature or the pressure of the first working medium is arranged on a pipeline between the expander and the heat exchange device.
A second working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop, the waste gas heat exchange loop comprises a circulating pump for driving the second working medium to flow and a waste gas heat exchanger for heating the second working medium, and the waste gas heat exchanger is arranged on an exhaust pipeline of the internal combustion engine; the exhaust gas heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust gas bypass device.
The waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering controls the temperature of a second working medium entering a heat exchange device through a waste gas bypass device.
And the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop is also provided with a regulating valve.
The waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering controls the temperature of the second working medium entering the heat exchange device through the waste gas bypass device or the regulating valve.
The waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve are independently controlled.
The waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve are jointly controlled; the power generation system control unit acquires the temperature or the pressure of the first working medium at the inlet of the expander through the sensor and then adjusts the waste gas bypass device and the adjusting valve.
The heat exchange device is an evaporator.
The expander is a screw expander or a turbine expander.
The first working medium is an organic working medium.
The second working medium is hot oil, a degassing cabinet is further arranged on the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop, and an expansion cabinet is connected to the degassing cabinet.
The second working medium is water, and an expansion cabinet is also arranged on the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop.
Advantages of the inventionThe effect is that: the waste heat power generation system adopts a single-loop system, simultaneously absorbs waste heat from the waste gas and the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, does not change various functions of the original system of the internal combustion engine, generates power through the expander, improves low-quality heat energy into high-quality electric energy, improves the energy utilization efficiency, and reduces CO 2 And the system has the characteristics of full waste heat utilization, simple system structure, convenience in operation and maintenance and low risk.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be more clearly and completely described below in conjunction with two preferred embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the waste heat power generation system applied to the fields of ships and ocean engineering comprises a cooling water loop 30 for cooling an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas heat exchange loop 20 using exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine as a heat source, and a power generation power loop 10 for providing power for a generator.
A first working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the power generation power loop 10; the power generation power loop 10 comprises a heat exchange device 14 for heating a first working medium to a gas state, an expander 11 for driving a generator 16, a condenser 12 for cooling the first working medium to a liquid state and a working medium booster pump 13 for driving the first working medium to circularly flow in the loop, which are connected in sequence; the working medium booster pump 13 is connected to the heat exchanging device 14.
The first working medium is an organic working medium.
The expander 11 is a screw expander or a turbo expander.
A sensor 15 for detecting the temperature or pressure of the first working medium is arranged on the line between the expansion machine 11 and the heat exchanger 14.
A second working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop 20, the waste gas heat exchange loop comprises a circulating pump 21 for driving the second working medium to flow and a waste gas heat exchanger 22 for heating the second working medium, and the waste gas heat exchanger 22 is arranged on an exhaust pipeline 23 of the internal combustion engine; the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop is also provided with a regulating valve 60. The exhaust gas heat exchanger 22 has an exhaust gas bypass device 24 for controlling the exhaust gas heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, the second working medium is hot oil, a degassing cabinet 25 is further disposed on the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop 20, and the degassing cabinet 25 is connected to an expansion cabinet 26. The pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop is also provided with a safety valve 27, and the safety valve 27 is also connected with the expansion cabinet 26.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop 30 is provided with a third working medium for cooling the internal combustion engine 31, and the cooling water loop is provided with a cooling water pump 32 and a fresh water cooler 33. The third working medium is water.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are both arranged in the heat exchange device 14 in a penetrating mode.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop in the heat exchange device and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop in the heat exchange device are both used as heating sources for heating the first working medium.
In this embodiment, the heat exchanging device 14 includes a first evaporator 141 and a second evaporator 142 connected in series. The first evaporator 141 is connected to the working medium booster pump 13.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop is arranged through the first evaporator 141 and used as a heat source of the first evaporator 141 to heat the first working medium flowing through the first evaporator. The first evaporator may also be a preheater.
The pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop penetrates through the second evaporator 142 and is used as a heat source of the second evaporator 142 to heat the first working medium flowing through the second evaporator.
The waste heat power generation system applied to the fields of ships and ocean engineering further comprises a power generation system control unit 40 for controlling the waste gas heat exchange loop and the power generation power loop. The power generation system control unit 40 may control the regulating valve 60 and the waste gas bypass device 24, and may monitor the temperature or pressure of the first working fluid via the sensor 15.
In fig. 1, the power generation power circuit 10, the generator 16, and the power generation system control unit 40 constitute a power generation system; the cooling water loop 30 and the internal combustion engine 31 form an internal combustion engine cooling water system; the exhaust line 23 of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 22 constitute an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. In fig. 1, the individual systems are outlined by two-dot chain lines.
The working principle of the waste heat power generation system of the invention is as follows:
in the heat exchange device, a first working medium absorbs heat from cooling water and waste gas of an internal combustion engine, changes the heat from a liquid state into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and drives a generator to generate electricity through an expansion machine after entering the expansion machine; the first working medium is depressurized after flowing through the expander, and is changed into liquid through heat release of the condenser; then, the liquid first working medium is pressurized by a booster pump and then enters the heat exchange device. So as to form a circulation loop for the first working medium to flow.
The waste heat power generation system controls the temperature of the second working medium entering the evaporator through one or more of the waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve, and ensures that the first working medium fully absorbs heat.
The waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve can be independently controlled.
The waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve can be controlled jointly. When the combined control is carried out, the control unit of the power generation system obtains the temperature or the pressure of the working medium at the inlet of the expansion machine through the sensor, and adjusts the waste gas bypass device and the adjusting valve according to the parameters.
The waste heat power generation system of the embodiment adopts a series connection of a preheater (or an evaporator) and an evaporator.
The waste heat power generation system of the invention utilizes the organic working medium, adopts the single-loop system, simultaneously absorbs the waste heat from the waste gas and the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, does not change each function of the original system of the internal combustion engine, generates power through the expander, improves the low-quality heat energy into the high-quality electric energy, improves the energy utilization efficiency, and reduces the CO 2 And the system has the characteristics of full waste heat utilization, simple system structure, convenience in operation and maintenance and low risk.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the waste heat power generation system applied to the fields of ships and ocean engineering comprises a cooling water circuit 30 for cooling an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas heat exchange circuit 50 using exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine as a heat source, and a power generation power circuit 10 for supplying power to a generator.
A first working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the power generation power loop 10; the power generation power loop 10 comprises a heat exchange device 14 for heating a first working medium to a gas state, an expander 11 for driving a generator 16, a condenser 12 for cooling the first working medium to a liquid state and a working medium booster pump 13 for driving the first working medium to circularly flow in the loop, which are connected in sequence; the working medium booster pump 13 is connected to the heat exchanging device 14.
The first working medium is an organic working medium.
The expander 11 is a screw expander or a turbo expander.
A sensor 15 for detecting the temperature or pressure of the first working medium is arranged on the line between the expansion machine 11 and the heat exchanger 14.
A second working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop 50, the waste gas heat exchange loop comprises a circulating pump 51 for driving the second working medium to flow and a waste gas heat exchanger 52 for heating the second working medium, and the waste gas heat exchanger 52 is arranged on an exhaust pipeline 53 of the internal combustion engine; the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop is also provided with a regulating valve 60. The exhaust gas heat exchanger 52 also includes an exhaust gas bypass device 54 for controlling the exhaust gas heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, the second working medium is water, and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop is further provided with an expansion cabinet 55 and a safety valve 56.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop 30 is provided with a third working medium for cooling the internal combustion engine 31, and the cooling water loop is provided with a cooling water pump 32 and a fresh water cooler 33. The third working medium is water.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are both arranged in the heat exchange device 14 in a penetrating way.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop in the heat exchange device and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop in the heat exchange device are both used as heating sources for heating the first working medium.
In this embodiment, the heat exchanging device 14 is an evaporator.
The pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are respectively arranged in the evaporator in a penetrating mode and used for heating the first working medium flowing through the evaporator.
The waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering further comprises a power generation system control unit 40 for controlling the waste gas heat exchange loop and the power generation power loop. The power generation system control unit 40 can control the regulating valve 60 and the waste gas bypass device 24, and can monitor the temperature or pressure of the first working medium through the sensor 15.
In fig. 2, the power generation power circuit 10, the generator 16, and the power generation system control unit 40 constitute a power generation system; the cooling water loop 30 and the internal combustion engine 31 form an internal combustion engine cooling water system; the exhaust line 53 of the engine and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 52 constitute the engine exhaust system. In fig. 2, the respective systems are outlined by two-dot chain lines.
The working principle of the waste heat power generation system of the invention is as follows:
in the heat exchange device, a first working medium absorbs heat from cooling water and waste gas of an internal combustion engine, changes the heat from a liquid state into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and drives a generator to generate electricity through an expansion machine after entering the expansion machine; the first working medium is depressurized after flowing through the expander, and is changed into liquid through heat release of the condenser; then, the liquid first working medium is pressurized by a booster pump and then enters the heat exchange device. Circulating in such a way to form a circulation loop for the first working medium to flow.
The waste heat power generation system controls the temperature of the second working medium entering the evaporator through one or more of the waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve, and ensures that the first working medium fully absorbs heat.
The waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve can be independently controlled.
The waste gas bypass device and the regulating valve can be controlled jointly. When the combined control is carried out, the control unit of the power generation system obtains the temperature or the pressure of the working medium at the inlet of the expansion machine through the sensor, and adjusts the waste gas bypass device and the adjusting valve according to the parameters.
The cogeneration system of this embodiment employs an evaporator having multiple hot side loops.
In other embodiments, a parallel connection of multiple evaporators may also be employed.
The waste heat power generation system of the invention utilizes the organic working medium, adopts a single loop system, simultaneously absorbs the waste heat from the waste gas and the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, does not change all functions of the original system of the internal combustion engine, generates power through the expander, improves the low-quality heat energy into the high-quality electric energy, improves the efficiency of energy utilization, and reduces CO 2 And the system has the characteristics of full waste heat utilization, simple system structure, convenience in operation and maintenance and low risk.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. A waste heat power generation system applied to the field of ship and ocean engineering comprises a cooling water loop for cooling an internal combustion engine, and is characterized by further comprising an exhaust gas heat exchange loop taking exhaust gas discharged by the internal combustion engine as a heat source and a power generation power loop for providing power for a generator, wherein a first working medium is arranged in a pipeline of the power generation power loop; the power generation power loop comprises a heat exchange device for heating a first working medium to a gas state, an expander for driving a generator, a condenser for cooling the first working medium to a liquid state and a working medium booster pump for driving the first working medium to circularly flow in the loop, which are sequentially connected; the working medium booster pump is connected with the heat exchange device; the pipeline of the cooling water loop and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop are both arranged in the heat exchange device in a penetrating way; the pipeline of the cooling water loop in the heat exchange device and the pipeline of the waste gas heat exchange loop in the heat exchange device are both used as heating sources for heating the first working medium.
2. The cogeneration system for the marine and ocean engineering fields of claim 1, wherein said cogeneration system for the marine and ocean engineering fields further comprises a power generation system control unit for controlling the waste heat exchange loop and the power generation power loop; and a sensor for detecting the temperature or the pressure of the first working medium is arranged on a pipeline between the expansion machine and the heat exchange device.
3. The system for generating electricity by using waste heat in the fields of ships and ocean engineering according to claim 2, wherein the pipeline of the waste heat exchange loop is provided with a second working medium, the waste heat exchange loop comprises a circulating pump for driving the second working medium to flow and a waste heat exchanger for heating the second working medium, and the waste heat exchanger is arranged on the exhaust pipeline of the internal combustion engine; the exhaust gas heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust gas bypass device.
4. The cogeneration system of claim 3, wherein said cogeneration system of marine engineering controls the temperature of the second working fluid entering the heat exchanger through the exhaust gas bypass device.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the exhaust heat exchange loop further comprises a regulating valve.
6. The cogeneration system for the marine and ocean engineering field of claim 5 wherein said cogeneration system for the marine and ocean engineering field controls the temperature of the second working fluid entering the heat exchange device through a waste gas bypass device or a regulating valve.
7. The cogeneration system for the marine and oceanographic engineering applications of claim 5, wherein said waste gas bypass means and said control valve are independently controlled.
8. The cogeneration system of claim 5 applied to the fields of ship and ocean engineering, wherein the waste gas bypass means and the control valve are controlled in combination; the power generation system control unit acquires the temperature or the pressure of the first working medium at the inlet of the expander through the sensor and then adjusts the waste gas bypass device and the adjusting valve.
9. The cogeneration system for the marine and oceanographic engineering applications of claim 1, wherein said heat exchange means is an evaporator.
10. The cogeneration system for the marine and oceanographic engineering applications of claim 1, wherein said expander is a screw expander or a turbo expander.
11. The cogeneration system for the fields of marine and marine engineering of claim 1 wherein said first working fluid is an organic working fluid.
12. The system of claim 1, wherein the second working medium is hot oil, and the pipeline of the waste heat exchange loop is further provided with a degassing cabinet, and the degassing cabinet is connected with an expansion cabinet.
13. The system of claim 1, wherein the second working medium is water, and the pipeline of the waste heat exchange loop is further provided with an expansion cabinet.
CN202210921158.7A 2022-08-02 2022-08-02 Waste heat power generation system applied to field of ship and ocean engineering Pending CN115234400A (en)

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CN202210921158.7A CN115234400A (en) 2022-08-02 2022-08-02 Waste heat power generation system applied to field of ship and ocean engineering

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CN202210921158.7A CN115234400A (en) 2022-08-02 2022-08-02 Waste heat power generation system applied to field of ship and ocean engineering

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