CN115234237A - Device for fracturing hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on liquid-electricity effect - Google Patents
Device for fracturing hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on liquid-electricity effect Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115234237A CN115234237A CN202210832822.0A CN202210832822A CN115234237A CN 115234237 A CN115234237 A CN 115234237A CN 202210832822 A CN202210832822 A CN 202210832822A CN 115234237 A CN115234237 A CN 115234237A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- cylinder
- energy
- box
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/18—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by electricity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for cracking a hard roof by underground electric pulse based on a liquid-electricity effect, which comprises a crawler-type walking chassis, a water storage tank, a cab, an electric storage box, a water delivery pipe, a water pump, a hydraulic system and a rotating box, wherein the crawler-type walking chassis is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the hydraulic system can control the rotating box to a specified angle through the rotating locking device; the rotating box is internally provided with a power transmission port, a drilling machine, a drill rod, a high-pressure water pump and a water delivery pipe; a current-limiting protection resistor, an energy storage capacitor, a grounding device, an air gap switch, a wire take-up and pay-off disk and a water delivery pipe are arranged in a device box fixed on the outer side of the rotating box; the outer side of the device box is provided with a telescopic pipe, one end of the telescopic pipe, which is far away from the device box, is provided with an inflatable rubber plug, and the telescopic pipe is hollow and is provided with a water delivery pipe and an electrode structure; according to the invention, the drilling device and the electric pulse fracturing device are arranged on one device, so that the integration of drilling, slotting, injecting and discharging of the underground electric pulse fracturing rock is realized, and the rock fracturing is more efficient; no spark is generated in the electric pulse fracturing process, so that the construction is safer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for fracturing a hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on a liquid-electric effect, and belongs to the field of rock mass fracturing.
Background
In the coal mining process, along with the constantly advancing of working face, can take place hard rock mass and appear in working face the place ahead and the continuous increase's of collecting space area roof length the condition, the continuation that has not only hindered the working face is impeld, and can receive the impact mine pressure of overburden and far-away stratum, induce the roof accident of caving very easily, consequently, need carry out the fracturing in advance to the hard rock mass in working face front and the overburden rock mass in collecting space area, reform transform rock mass structure and weakening rock mass intensity, form and do benefit to the weak face that the rock mass destroys, induced rock mass is in time cracked under the mine pressure effect, the breakage, accelerate the propulsion of working face and the emergence of roof accident. Generally, when a rock body with high cracking strength is encountered underground, the rock body is usually cracked by means of high-pressure hydraulic fracturing or deep hole blasting and the like.
However, the traditional fracturing methods have certain defects, for example, high-pressure hydraulic fracturing causes cracks to initiate and expand through water pressure, hole sealing difficulty is high, meanwhile, the high-pressure hydraulic fracturing is easily influenced by primary cracks of rock masses, the overall expansion direction of the cracks deflects, and therefore a preset fracturing effect cannot be achieved; deep hole blasting needs to be filled with a large amount of explosive, strong shock waves are easily formed in a drill hole, large stress disturbance is caused to an internal rock stratum, potential safety hazards of dynamic disasters are caused, the damage degree of surrounding rocks around the drill hole is large, and directional cracking is not easy to achieve. Therefore, aiming at the problems in the prior art, a novel rock mass fracturing device and method are urgently needed, the rock mass fracturing device and method have better maneuverability and safety, the controllability of the crack propagation direction is higher, and compared with the traditional fracturing mode, effective directional cracks are formed more easily, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for fracturing a hard rock body by underground electric pulse based on a liquid-electricity effect, and solves the problems that the hard rock body hinders the propulsion of a working face and a top plate collapses in a large area.
Compared with the traditional rock mass fracturing technology, the electric pulse fracturing technology is applied to rock mass fracturing under the mine, has better maneuverability, controllability and safety on the basis of realizing directional fracturing, and greatly improves the working efficiency.
The invention provides a device for cracking hard roof by underground electric pulse based on a liquid-electricity effect, which comprises a crawler-type walking chassis, wherein a fixed platform is arranged on the crawler-type walking chassis, and a water storage tank, a cab, an electric storage box, a water delivery pipe, a water pump, a hydraulic system and a rotating box are arranged on the fixed platform;
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump A, a hydraulic pump B, a rear end fixed hinged support and a front end fixed hinged support which are fixed on a fixed platform; the hydraulic system also comprises four connecting rods and four hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the two A groups of connecting rods are connected with the rear end fixed hinged support through pins, and the top ends of the A groups of connecting rods are connected with the bottom ends of the B groups of connecting rods and the top ends of the B groups of hydraulic cylinders through Y-shaped joints through pins.
The bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder of the group B is connected with the fixed hinged support at the front end by a pin, the hydraulic pump B supplies and discharges oil to the hydraulic cylinder of the group B through the oil inlet pipe of the group B and the oil outlet pipe of the group B, and the hydraulic pump A supplies and discharges oil to the hydraulic cylinder of the group A in the same way. Two ends of the group A hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected with the middle parts of the group A connecting rods and the group B connecting rods through fixed hinged supports. The outer part of the rotary locking device is fixed with the top end of the group B connecting rod, the rotary locking device can rotate for a specific angle after being electrified, the locking angle is unchanged, the two sides of the rotating box (27) are provided with bulges which are embedded into the rotary locking device, and the rotary locking device can drive the rotating box to rotate for a specific angle and then fix the rotating box. A charging and discharging control box is arranged in the cab, and the charging voltage can be selected from 5kV to 10kV. According to the coal mine safety regulations, the high voltage of the coal mine is not more than 10kV.
Furthermore, a power transmission port, a drilling machine, a drill rod, a high-pressure water pump and a water pipe are arranged in the rotating box. The drill rod penetrates through the rotating box, the power transmission port is connected with the power storage box through a wire, and power can be transmitted to the drilling machine and the device box through the wire; the top of the drill rod is provided with a high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit, the bottom of the drill rod is connected with a water delivery pipe, the middle of the drill rod is of a hollow structure, and the water delivery pipe is connected with the bottom of the drill rod; the high-pressure water pump is connected with the water storage tank through a water conveying pipe, can pump water from the water storage tank, and then conveys the water to the drill rod through the water conveying pipe, and then conveys the water to the high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit and the water outlet through the hollow area of the drill rod.
Furthermore, the device box is fixed on the outer side of the rotating box, and a current limiting protection resistor, an energy storage capacitor, a grounding device, an air gap switch, a wire winding and unwinding disk and a water delivery pipe are arranged in the device box. The energy storage capacitor is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of capacitors in parallel, the size of the capacitor of the energy storage capacitor can be adjusted by adjusting the connection mode, and the adjustable range of the capacitor is 20-60 muF; according to the formula:
the range of the energy released by the electric pulse when the electric pulse impacts once can be calculated to be 250kJ to 3000kJ, wherein: e is the initial energy stored in the capacitor, E w Is the shock wave energy, C is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor, U is the charging voltage,
for the efficiency of the conversion of the initial energy into shock wave energy,
the range of values is 10% -30%.
An extension tube is fixed on the outer side of the device box, the extension tube is electrically driven, the length can be freely adjusted, and the maximum extension length is 10m. The telescopic pipe is internally hollow and is provided with a water delivery pipe and electrodes, the electric wires are collected and released through the electric wire collecting and releasing disc in the extension and contraction processes of the telescopic pipe so as to ensure the normal discharge of the electrodes, and meanwhile, the water delivery pipe with a certain length is reserved in the device box.
Further, the electrode structure comprises a high-voltage electrode, a fixing nut, a polypropylene insulating lantern ring, a fixing ring, a rubber gasket, an electrode shell hollow hole and a grounding electrode. The high-voltage electrode penetrates through a built-in cavity of the polypropylene insulating lantern ring and is fixed with the polypropylene insulating lantern ring through a fixing nut through high-voltage electrode threads; then placing the polypropylene insulating lantern ring in the built-in cavity of the electrode shell; fixing the polypropylene insulating lantern ring and the electrode shell by using a fixing ring; the ground electrode passes through the ground end of the electrode shell and is fixed by the ground electrode thread by using a fixing nut.
The discharge cracking process is that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, after charging is completed, at the moment of triggering the switch, high-voltage pulse is loaded on the load electrode through the transmission wire, and energy is released between the tip of the high-voltage electrode and the tip of the grounding electrode to complete electric pulse discharge. The energy of the electric pulse can be divided into discharge channel energy, impact energy, radiation energy and bubble pulse energy. The generated shock wave energy mainly comes from the shock energy and the bubble pulse energy.
The embodiment provides a method for fracturing a hard rock body by underground electric pulse based on a liquid-electric effect, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the device is used, the stress state of a rock mass is determined by measuring the underground site stress, a clear fracturing scheme is made, and the arrangement position of a drill hole is selected;
step two: drilling and cutting a rock mass at a selected drilling position by using a high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit with the diameter of 45mm, stopping drilling after construction to a specified depth, starting a high-pressure water pump, inputting high-pressure water to the drill bit to perform slotting, simultaneously retreating a drill rod, forming axial cracks on two sides of the drilling hole, stopping slotting after slotting to a specified length, and withdrawing the drill rod;
step three: the hydraulic pump A and the hydraulic pump B respectively supply oil to the group A hydraulic cylinder and the group B hydraulic cylinder to enable the hydraulic upright columns to extend, so that the height of the rotating box is reduced, the drilling rod and the drill bit are dismounted, the group A hydraulic cylinder and the group B hydraulic cylinder are returned, the hydraulic upright columns are shortened, and the height of the rotating box is increased.
Step four: the electrode is adjusted to be vertical and upward through the rotary locking device, the electrode is aligned to the center of the drill hole, the electrode is conveyed to a specified position in the drill hole through adjusting the length of the telescopic pipe, and the inflatable rubber plug is inflated to seal the drill hole.
Step five: starting a high-pressure water pump, injecting water into the sealed drill hole, closing the high-pressure water pump after the water is filled, and closing a water outlet;
step six: and adjusting the energy storage capacitor to a specified capacitor size, operating the charge-discharge control box to charge the energy storage capacitor, turning off the power switch after the energy storage capacitor is charged to a specified voltage, and turning on the electric pulse switch to discharge. The cracking principle is that energy is stored in an energy storage capacitor, after charging is completed, at the moment of triggering a switch, high-voltage pulses are loaded on a load electrode through a transmission wire, and the energy is released from the tip of the high-voltage electrode and the tip of a grounding electrode to complete electric pulse discharging. The energy of the electric pulse can be divided into discharge channel energy, impact energy, radiation energy and bubble pulse energy. The generated shock wave energy mainly comes from the shock energy and the bubble pulse energy. The destructive action of energy is mainly towards the inward extending direction of the slot, and only a small amount of energy is applied to two sides of the slot of the drilled hole, so that effective directional fracturing can be achieved.
Step seven: and repeating the fifth step until a preset fracturing effect is achieved, withdrawing the electrode and finishing construction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The drilling device and the electric pulse fracturing device are arranged on one device, so that the integration of drilling, slotting, liquid injection and discharging of the underground electric pulse fracturing rock is realized, and the rock fracturing is more efficient;
(2) No spark is generated in the electric pulse cracking process, gas explosion is not caused, and the construction is safer;
(3) The rock mass is fractured by adopting electric pulse underground, so that a new mode is provided for fracturing the underground rock mass;
(4) And the crawler-type chassis is adopted, so that the movement is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective block diagram of the hydraulic system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the rotating box and its appendages;
FIG. 4 is an internal structural view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the electrode and the apparatus case;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the drill hole and the electrode during construction;
FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view at the drill cut;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electrode configuration;
FIG. 9 is a central axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of different sized electrode housing voids; (a) The size of the hollow hole is 2mm × 10mm, and (b) the size of the hollow hole is 5mm × 10mm.
In the figure: 1-crawler type walking chassis, 2-fixed platform, 3-water storage tank, 4-cab, 5-electricity storage tank, 6-rear end fixed hinged support, 7-A group connecting rod, 8-A group hydraulic cylinder, 9-B group connecting rod, 10-water delivery pipe, 11-B group hydraulic cylinder, 12-Y type joint, 13-drill rod, 14-device box, 15-telescopic pipe, 16-inflatable rubber plug, 17-electrode structure, 18-high pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit, 19-A group oil inlet pipe, 20-B group oil inlet pipe, 21-B group oil outlet pipe, 22-A group oil outlet pipe, 23-front end fixed hinged support, 24-hydraulic pump B, 25-water pump, 26-hydraulic pump A, 27-rotating box, 28-rotating locking device, 29-drilling machine, 30-power transmission port, 31-wire, 32-high-pressure water pump, 33-current-limiting protection resistor, 34-energy storage capacitor, 35-grounding device, 36-gas gap switch, 37-wire take-up and pay-off plate, 38-high-voltage electrode thread, 39-fixing nut, 40-polypropylene insulating lantern ring, 41-fixing ring, 42-rubber gasket, 43-electrode shell, 44-high-voltage electrode tip, 45-electrode shell hollow hole, 46-grounding electrode tip, 47-grounding electrode thread, 48-water outlet, 49-water, 50-rock mass, 51-cut seam and 52-drilling hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a device for cracking hard roof by underground electric pulse based on a hydro-electric effect, which comprises a crawler-type walking chassis 1, wherein a fixed platform 2 is arranged on the crawler-type walking chassis 1, and a water storage tank 3, a cab 4, an accumulator box 5, a water pipe 10, a water pump 25, a hydraulic system and a rotating box are arranged on the fixed platform 2;
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump A24, a hydraulic pump B26, a rear end fixed hinged support 6 and a front end fixed hinged support 23 which are fixed on the fixed platform 2; the hydraulic system also comprises four connecting rods and four hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the two A-group connecting rods 7 are connected with the rear end fixed hinged support 6 through pins, and the top ends of the A-group connecting rods 7 are connected with the bottom ends of the B-group connecting rods 9 and the top ends of the B-group hydraulic cylinders 11 through Y-shaped connectors 12 through pins.
The bottom end of the group B hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected with the front end fixed hinged support 23 through a pin, the hydraulic pump B24 supplies oil and returns oil to the group B hydraulic cylinder 11 through the group B oil inlet pipe 20 and the group B oil outlet pipe 21, and the hydraulic pump A26 supplies oil and returns oil to the group A hydraulic cylinder 8 in the same way. Two ends of the group A hydraulic cylinder 8 are respectively connected with the middle parts of the group A connecting rods 7 and the group B connecting rods 9 through fixed hinged supports. The outer part of the rotation locking device 28 is fixed with the top end of the group B connecting rod 9, the rotation locking device 28 can rotate for a specific angle after being electrified, then the locking angle is unchanged, the two sides of the rotation box 27 are provided with protrusions which are embedded into the rotation locking device 28, and the rotation locking device 28 can drive the rotation box 27 to rotate for a specific angle and then fix the rotation box 27. The cab 4 is internally provided with a charging and discharging control box, and the charging voltage can be selected from 5kV to 10kV. According to coal mine safety regulations, the high voltage of the coal mine is not more than 10kV.
Furthermore, a power transmission port 30, a drilling machine 29, a drill rod 13, a drill rod penetrating through the rotating box, a high-pressure water pump 32 and a water delivery pipe 10 are arranged in the rotating box 27. The power transmission port 30 is connected with the storage battery box 5 through a power wire 31, and power can be transmitted to the drilling machine 29 and the device box 14 through the power wire 31; the top of the drill rod 13 is provided with a high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit 18, the bottom of the drill rod is connected with a water delivery pipe 10, the middle of the drill rod 13 is hollow, and a water delivery pipe 11 is connected with the bottom of the drill rod 13; the high-pressure water pump 22 is connected with the water storage tank 3 through a water conveying pipe, can pump water from the water storage tank 3, then conveys the water to the drill rod 13 through the water conveying pipe 11, and conveys the water to the high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit 18 and the water outlet 38 from the hollow area of the drill rod 13.
Furthermore, the device box 14 is fixed outside the rotating box 27, and a current-limiting protection resistor 33, an energy storage capacitor 34, a grounding device 35, an air gap switch 36, a wire take-up and pay-off disc 37 and the water delivery pipe 10 are installed in the device box 14. An extension tube 15 is fixed on the outer side of the device box 14, the extension tube 15 is electrically driven, the length can be freely adjusted, and the maximum extension length is 10m. The energy storage capacitor 34 is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of capacitors in parallel, the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the connection mode, and the adjustable range of the capacitance is 20 muF-60 muF; an inflatable rubber plug 16 is installed at one end, far away from the device box 14, of the telescopic pipe 15, the telescopic pipe 15 is hollow and is provided with a water conveying pipe 11 and an electrode structure 17, in the extending and contracting processes of the telescopic pipe 15, an electric wire 31 is wound and unwound through an electric wire winding and unwinding disc 37 to ensure normal discharging of the electrode structure 17, and meanwhile, the water conveying pipe 10 with a certain length is reserved in the device box 14.
Further, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the electrode structure 17 includes a high voltage electrode, a ground electrode, a polypropylene insulating collar 40, a rubber gasket 42, an electrode shell 43, a fixing nut 39 and a fixing ring 41; the upper end of the high-voltage electrode is provided with threads 38, the middle part of the high-voltage electrode is connected and fixed with a polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40 through a fixing nut 39, the high-voltage electrode is positioned inside the polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40, the polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40 is fixed on the upper part of an electrode shell 43, and the polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40 is fixedly connected with the electrode shell 43 through a fixing circular ring 41; a rubber gasket is sleeved at the contact part of the polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40 and the electrode shell 43; the contact tightness of the two is increased; the grounding electrode is fixed at the lower end of the electrode shell 43 through threads 47; the grounding electrode is screwed in through the thread at the bottom of the electrode shell 43 and is fixed by using the nut 39; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are oppositely arranged in the hollow hole 45 of the electrode shell, the distance between the grounding electrode and the high-voltage electrode is adjustable by rotating the grounding electrode thread 47 at the lower end, and the distance between the two electrodes is set to be 1mm-5mm;
the total length of the high-voltage electrode is 74mm, the high-voltage electrode consists of an upper end, a middle end and a lower end, the upper end is a cylinder with the diameter of 4mm and the length of 70mm, M8 threads with the length of 25mm are lathed at the top of the cylinder, and the threads are machined into the upper end of the high-voltage electrode threads 38; the middle end is a cylinder with the diameter of 5mm and the length of 2mm, and the chamfer angle with the length of 1mm at the lower part is 30 degrees; the lower end is a cylinder with the diameter of 2mm and the length of 2mm, and the bottom of the cylinder is chamfered into a tip with an angle of 45 degrees; the grounding electrode consists of a smooth cylinder and a threaded cylinder; the diameter of the smooth cylinder of the upper half part is 2mm, the length is 3mm, and the top chamfer angle is a tip of 45 degrees; the lower half part is an M8 threaded cylinder with the length of 17mm; the polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40 is a cylinder with the diameter of 8mm and the length of 95 mm; the diameter of the built-in cavity is 4mm; a polypropylene circular ring 40 with the diameter of 12mm and the length of 4mm is added at the position 35mm away from the upper top part and is used for fixing the electrode shell 43; the electrode shell 43 is cylindrical in appearance, hollow inside, and an electrode penetrates through the electrode shell, the electrode shell is composed of three sections of cylinders with different outer diameters, a first section of cylinder at the upper part is connected with the fixed ring 41, a rubber gasket is arranged inside a second section of cylinder at the middle part, and the outer side of a third section of cylinder at the lower part is of a smooth structure; the first section of the cylinder of the electrode shell 43 is provided with external threads for connecting the fixed ring 41; the center of the top of the first section of the cylinder is provided with a step hole, and the upper hole of the step hole is connected with a polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40; the bottom in the second section of cylinder is provided with a hole for placing a rubber gasket 42; the center of the bottom of the third section of cylinder is provided with internal threads for fixing the grounding electrode, and a cylindrical surface above the third section of cylinder is provided with an electrode shell empty hole 45 for exposing the electrode; threads are arranged in the fixed circular ring 41, a circular hole with the diameter of 8mm is drilled at the top of the fixed circular ring, and the polypropylene insulating lantern ring 40 penetrates through the circular hole; one or more of the electrode shell holes 45 are arranged, the cross section of each electrode shell hole 45 is rectangular, and the size of each electrode shell hole 45 is 2mm multiplied by 10mm, 3mm multiplied by 10mm or 5mm multiplied by 10mm; drilling a hollow hole at the bottom of the third section of the cylinder of the electrode shell 43, or symmetrically arranging two hollow holes in front and back or uniformly distributing three hollow holes along the circumference; the size and the position of the hollow holes are set to realize the shock wave direction control and the energy focusing of the electrode structure 17.
The discharge cracking process is that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor 34, and after charging is completed, at the moment of triggering the switch, high-voltage pulses are loaded on the load electrode structure 17 through the transmission wire 31, and energy is released between the tip 44 of the high-voltage electrode and the tip 46 of the grounding electrode, so that electric pulse discharge is completed. The energy of the electric pulse can be divided into discharge channel energy, impact energy, radiation energy and bubble pulse energy. The generated shock wave energy mainly comes from the shock energy and the bubble pulse energy.
According to the formula:
the range of energy released by the electric pulse when the electric pulse impacts once can be calculated to be 250kJ to 3000kJ, wherein: e is the initial energy stored in the capacitor, E w Is the shock wave energy, C is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor, U is the charging voltage,
for the efficiency of the conversion of the primary energy into shock wave energy,
the range of values of (A) is 10% -30%.
The embodiment provides a using method of the device for fracturing hard rock mass by using the underground electric pulse based on the liquid-electric effect, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the device is used, the stress state of a rock mass is determined by measuring the underground site stress, a clear fracturing scheme is worked out, and the arrangement position of a drilling hole is selected;
step two: drilling and cutting the rock mass by using a high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit 18 with the diameter of 45mm at the selected drilling position, stopping drilling after construction reaches a specified depth, starting a high-pressure water pump 32, inputting high-pressure water to the drill bit 18 for slotting, simultaneously retreating a drill rod 13, forming axial cracks at two sides of the drilling hole, stopping slotting after slotting reaches a specified length, and withdrawing the drill rod 13;
step three: the hydraulic cylinders 8 and 11 of the group a and B are supplied with oil by the hydraulic pumps a 26 and B24, respectively, so that the hydraulic columns thereof extend, the height of the swivel case 27 is lowered, the drill rod 13 and the drill 18 are removed, and the hydraulic cylinders 8 and 11 of the group a and B are returned so that the hydraulic columns thereof are shortened, and the height of the swivel case 27 is raised.
Step four: the electrode structure 17 is adjusted to be vertically upward by rotating the locking device 28, so that the electrode structure 17 is aligned with the center of the drilled hole, the electrode 17 is conveyed to a specified position in the drilled hole by adjusting the length of the telescopic pipe 15, and the inflatable rubber plug 16 is inflated to seal the drilled hole.
Step five: and starting the high-pressure water pump 32, injecting water into the sealed drill hole, closing the high-pressure water pump 32 after the water is filled, and closing the water outlet 38, as shown in fig. 5.
Step six: the energy storage capacitor 34 is adjusted to a specified capacitor size, the charge-discharge control box is operated to charge the energy storage capacitor 34, after the energy storage capacitor is charged to a specified voltage, the power switch is turned off, and the electric pulse switch is turned on to discharge. The cracking principle is that energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor 34, when charging is completed and the switch is triggered, high-voltage pulses are loaded on the electrode structure 17 through the transmission wire 31, energy is released at the tip 44 of the high-voltage electrode and the tip 46 of the grounding electrode, and electric pulse discharging is completed. The energy of the electric pulse can be divided into discharge channel energy, impact energy, radiation energy and bubble pulse energy. The generated shock wave energy mainly comes from the shock energy and the bubble pulse energy. The destructive action of energy is mainly towards the inward extending direction of the slot, and only a small amount of energy is applied to two sides of the slot of the drilled hole, so that effective directional fracturing can be achieved.
Step seven: and repeating the fifth step until a preset fracturing effect is achieved, withdrawing the electrode structure 17, and finishing construction.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a device of hard top is sent out to electric pulse in pit based on hydroelectric effect, its characterized in that: the crawler type walking device comprises a crawler type walking chassis, wherein a fixed platform is arranged on the crawler type walking chassis, and a water storage tank, a cab, an electricity storage box, a water delivery pipe, a water pump, a hydraulic system and a rotating box are arranged on the fixed platform;
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump A, a hydraulic pump B, a rear end fixed hinged support and a front end fixed hinged support which are fixed on a fixed platform; the hydraulic system also comprises four connecting rods and four hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the two A groups of connecting rods are connected with the rear end fixed hinged support through pins, and the top ends of the A groups of connecting rods are connected with the bottom ends of the B groups of connecting rods and the top ends of the B groups of hydraulic cylinders through Y-shaped joints through pins; the bottom end of the group B hydraulic cylinder is connected with the front end fixed hinged support through a pin, the hydraulic pump B supplies oil and discharges oil to the group B hydraulic cylinder through the group B oil inlet pipe and the group B oil outlet pipe, and the hydraulic pump A supplies oil and discharges oil to the group A hydraulic cylinder in the same way; two ends of the group A hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected with the middle parts of the group A connecting rods and the group B connecting rods through fixed hinged supports; the outer part of the rotation locking device is fixed with the top end of the group B connecting rod, the rotation locking device can rotate for a specific angle after being electrified, the locking angle is unchanged, the two sides of the rotation box are provided with protrusions which are embedded into the rotation locking device, and the hydraulic system controls the rotation box to reach the specified angle through the rotation locking device;
a power transmission port, a drilling machine, a drill rod, a high-pressure water pump and a water pipe are arranged in the rotating box; the drill rod penetrates through the rotating box, the power transmission port is connected with the storage battery box through a wire, and the power is transmitted to the drilling machine and the device box through the wire; the top of the drill rod is provided with a high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit, the bottom of the drill rod is connected with a water delivery pipe, the middle of the drill rod is of a hollow structure, and the water delivery pipe is connected with the bottom of the drill rod; the high-pressure water pump is connected with the water storage tank through a water conveying pipe, pumps water from the water storage tank, conveys the water to the drill rod through the water conveying pipe, and conveys the water to the high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit and the water outlet from the hollow area of the drill rod;
the device box is fixed on the outer side of the rotating box, and a current limiting protection resistor, an energy storage capacitor, a grounding device, an air gap switch, an electric wire winding and unwinding disk and a water conveying pipe are arranged in the device box; the outer side of the device box is fixed with a telescopic pipe which is electrically driven and can freely adjust the length; one end of the telescopic pipe, which is far away from the device box, is provided with an inflatable rubber plug, and the telescopic pipe is hollow and is provided with a water delivery pipe and an electrode structure;
the electrode structure comprises a high-voltage electrode, a fixing nut, a polypropylene insulating lantern ring, a fixing ring, a rubber gasket, an electrode shell hollow hole and a grounding electrode; the high-voltage electrode penetrates through a built-in cavity of the polypropylene insulating lantern ring and is fixed with the polypropylene insulating lantern ring through a fixing nut through high-voltage electrode threads; then placing the polypropylene insulating lantern ring in the built-in cavity of the electrode shell; fixing the polypropylene insulating lantern ring and the electrode shell by using a fixing ring; the grounding electrode passes through the grounding end of the electrode shell and is fixed by a fixing nut through the threads of the grounding electrode; the energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, and after charging is completed, high-voltage pulse is loaded on the load electrode through the power transmission wire at the moment of triggering the switch, and the energy is released between the tip of the high-voltage electrode and the tip of the grounding electrode to complete electric pulse discharging.
2. The electro-hydraulic effect based downhole electric pulse hard-top fracturing device of claim 1, wherein: the maximum extension length of the telescopic pipe is 10m; in the extension and contraction process of the extension tube, the wire is wound and unwound through the wire winding and unwinding disc to ensure normal discharge of the electrodes, and meanwhile, a water delivery pipe with a certain length is reserved in the device box.
3. The electro-hydraulic effect based downhole electric pulse hard-top fracturing device of claim 1, wherein: a charging and discharging control box is arranged in the cab, and the charging voltage is 5kV to 10kV.
4. The electro-hydraulic effect based downhole electric pulse hard-top fracturing device of claim 1, wherein: the energy storage capacitor is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of capacitors in parallel, the size of the capacitor of the energy storage capacitor is adjusted by adjusting the connection mode, and the adjustment range of the capacitor is 20-60 muF; according to the formula:
calculating the range of energy released by the electric pulse when the electric pulse impacts once to be 250kJ to 3000kJ, wherein the formula is as follows: e is the initial energy stored in the capacitor, E w Is the shock wave energy, C is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor, U is the charging voltage,
for the efficiency of the conversion of the primary energy into shock wave energy,
the range of values is 10% -30%.
5. The electro-hydraulic effect based downhole electrical pulse hard top fracturing device of claim 1, wherein: the electrode structure comprises a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode, a polypropylene insulating lantern ring, a rubber gasket, an electrode shell, a fixing nut and a fixing ring; the upper end of the high-voltage electrode is provided with threads, the middle part of the high-voltage electrode is connected and fixed with a polypropylene insulating lantern ring through a fixing nut, the high-voltage electrode is positioned in the polypropylene insulating lantern ring, the polypropylene insulating lantern ring is fixed on the upper part of the electrode shell, and the polypropylene insulating lantern ring is fixedly connected with the electrode shell through a fixing circular ring; a rubber gasket is sleeved at the contact part of the polypropylene insulating lantern ring and the electrode shell; the contact tightness of the two is increased; the grounding electrode is fixed at the lower end of the electrode shell through threads; the grounding electrode is screwed in through the threads at the bottom of the electrode shell and is fixed by using a nut; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are oppositely arranged in the hollow hole of the electrode shell, the distance between the grounding electrode and the high-voltage electrode is adjustable by rotating the lower end thread of the grounding electrode, and the distance between the two electrodes is set to be 1-5 mm;
the total length of the high-voltage electrode is 74mm, the high-voltage electrode consists of an upper end, a middle end and a lower end, the upper end is a cylinder with the diameter of 4mm and the length of 70mm, and M8-sized threads with the length of 25mm are lathed at the top of the cylinder and are processed into the upper end of the high-voltage electrode threads; the middle end is a cylinder with the diameter of 5mm and the length of 2mm, and the chamfer angle with the length of 1mm at the lower part is 30 degrees; the lower end is a cylinder with the diameter of 2mm and the length of 2mm, and the bottom of the cylinder is chamfered into a tip with an angle of 45 degrees; the grounding electrode consists of a smooth cylinder and a threaded cylinder; the diameter of the smooth cylinder of the upper half part is 2mm, the length is 3mm, and the top chamfer angle is a tip of 45 degrees; the lower half part is an M8 threaded cylinder with the length of 17mm; the polypropylene insulating lantern ring is a cylinder with the diameter of 8mm and the length of 95 mm; the diameter of the built-in cavity is 4mm; a polypropylene circular ring with the diameter of 12mm and the length of 4mm is added at the position 35mm away from the upper top of the electrode shell and is used for fixing the electrode shell on the electrode shell; the electrode shell is cylindrical in appearance, hollow in interior, an electrode penetrates through the electrode shell, the electrode shell is composed of three sections of cylinders with different outer diameters, a first section of cylinder at the upper part is connected with the fixed ring, a rubber gasket is arranged in a second section of cylinder at the middle part, and the outer side of a third section of cylinder at the lower part is of a smooth structure; the first section of cylinder of the electrode shell is provided with external threads for connecting a fixed ring; the center of the top of the first section of the cylinder is provided with a step hole, and the upper hole of the step hole is connected with a polypropylene insulating lantern ring; the bottom in the second section of cylinder is provided with a hole for placing a rubber gasket; the center of the bottom of the third section of cylinder is provided with internal threads for fixing the grounding electrode, and a cylindrical surface above the third section of cylinder is provided with an electrode shell empty hole for exposing the electrode; threads are arranged in the fixed circular ring, a circular hole with the diameter of 8mm is drilled at the top of the fixed circular ring, and the polypropylene insulating lantern ring penetrates through the circular hole; one or more of the electrode shell holes are arranged, the cross section of each electrode shell hole is rectangular, and the size of each electrode shell hole is 2mm multiplied by 10mm, 3mm multiplied by 10mm or 5mm multiplied by 10mm; drilling a hollow hole at the bottom of the third section of the cylinder of the electrode shell, or symmetrically arranging two hollow holes in front and back or uniformly distributing three hollow holes along the circumference; the size and the position of the hollow hole are set to realize the shock wave direction control and the energy focusing of the electrode structure.
6. The electro-hydraulic effect based downhole electric pulse hard-top fracturing device of claim 1, wherein: the rotation locking device comprises a locking module and a plurality of clamping pieces, wherein the clamping pieces are rotatably coupled to the locking module, and the locking module is clamped and separated with the clamping pieces so as to complete the static and rotation of the clamping pieces relative to the locking module; the rotation locking device can keep the rotating box at different inclined angles for various working conditions.
7. The method for fracturing hard rock mass by using underground electric pulse based on the liquid electric effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the device is used, the stress state of a rock mass is determined by measuring the underground site stress, a clear fracturing scheme is worked out, and the arrangement position of a drilling hole is selected;
step two: drilling and cutting a rock mass at a selected drilling position by using a high-pressure water drilling and cutting integrated drill bit with the diameter of 45mm, stopping drilling after construction reaches a specified depth, starting a high-pressure water pump, inputting high-pressure water to a drill bit to perform slotting, simultaneously retreating a drill rod, forming axial cracks on two sides of the drilling hole, stopping slotting after slotting reaches a specified length, and withdrawing the drill rod;
step three: respectively delivering oil to the group A hydraulic cylinders and the group B hydraulic cylinders through the hydraulic pumps A and B, extending the group A hydraulic cylinders and the group B hydraulic cylinders, lowering the height of the rotating box, detaching the drilling rod and the drill bit, and discharging oil to the group A hydraulic cylinders and the group B hydraulic cylinders to shorten the group A hydraulic cylinders and the group B hydraulic cylinders and raise the height of the rotating box;
step four: the electrode is adjusted to be vertically upward by the rotary locking device so as to be aligned to the center of the drill hole, the electrode is conveyed to a specified position in the drill hole by adjusting the length of the telescopic pipe, and the inflatable rubber plug is inflated so as to seal the drill hole;
step five: starting a high-pressure water pump, injecting water into the sealed drill hole, closing the high-pressure water pump after the water is filled, and closing a water outlet;
step six: adjusting the energy storage capacitor to a specified capacitor size, operating the charge-discharge control box to charge the energy storage capacitor, turning off the power switch after the energy storage capacitor is charged to a specified voltage, and turning on the electric pulse switch to discharge;
step seven: and repeating the fifth step until a preset fracturing effect is achieved, withdrawing the electrode, and finishing construction.
8. The method for fracturing hard rock mass by using the downhole electric pulse based on the hydro-electric effect as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in the sixth step, the energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor, when the charging is completed and the switch is triggered, high-voltage pulses are loaded on the load electrode through the transmission wire, and the energy is released from the tip of the high-voltage electrode and the tip of the grounding electrode to complete the electric pulse discharging; the generated shock wave energy mainly comes from shock energy and bubble pulse energy; the destructive effect of energy is mainly towards the inward extending direction of the slot, and only a small amount of energy acts on two sides of the slot of the drilled hole, so that effective directional fracturing can be achieved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210832822.0A CN115234237A (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Device for fracturing hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on liquid-electricity effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210832822.0A CN115234237A (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Device for fracturing hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on liquid-electricity effect |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115234237A true CN115234237A (en) | 2022-10-25 |
Family
ID=83674374
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210832822.0A Pending CN115234237A (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Device for fracturing hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on liquid-electricity effect |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115234237A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115788302A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-03-14 | 山东黄金地质矿产勘查有限公司 | Directional whipstock for geological drilling |
-
2022
- 2022-07-15 CN CN202210832822.0A patent/CN115234237A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115788302A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-03-14 | 山东黄金地质矿产勘查有限公司 | Directional whipstock for geological drilling |
| CN115788302B (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-04-11 | 山东黄金地质矿产勘查有限公司 | Directional whipstock for geological drilling |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2021103533A1 (en) | Operation-controllable, roof-cutting, pressure-relief, gob-side entry retaining method | |
| CN109162755B (en) | Rock cross-cut coal uncovering method combining electric pulse and grouting reinforcement | |
| CN112922575B (en) | Electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method | |
| CN115234237A (en) | Device for fracturing hard rock mass by underground electric pulse based on liquid-electricity effect | |
| CN109026070A (en) | A kind of buried lane cave country rock near field stress regulation and control method | |
| CN219570089U (en) | Hydraulic fracturing system utilizing hollow drill rod | |
| CN111456801B (en) | Method for permeability-increasing coal seam in drilling holes in top plate and bottom plate of coal seam | |
| CN111457800A (en) | Straight-eye barrel-shaped cutting hole arrangement structure and roadway straight-eye barrel-shaped cutting blasting method thereof | |
| CN117722167A (en) | Coal bed gas physical anti-reflection chemical displacement combined control method and anti-reflection system | |
| CN117127974A (en) | Coal mine roof drilling, cutting, cracking and explosion treatment method | |
| CN219103862U (en) | Dust suppression efficient charging structure for surface mine blasting | |
| CN109520384B (en) | Underwater lancing explosive package blasting device based on axial uncoupling and construction method thereof | |
| CN115247984B (en) | Electrode structure capable of focusing impact wave energy and electrode device composed of electrode structure | |
| CN114033452A (en) | Coal face supporting system | |
| CN111472779B (en) | Pre-splitting method for hard roof of coal seam | |
| CN112709574B (en) | Outburst elimination method for outburst coal seam based on controllable shock wave anti-reflection | |
| CN212109768U (en) | Disposable sleeve | |
| CN113756803A (en) | Rock breaking method based on impact-resistant water-filled bag | |
| CN112360472A (en) | Two-sided symmetrical electric explosion energy-gathering rock breaking device | |
| CN108798670B (en) | Method for improving recovery rate of primary coal mining carbon of fully mechanized caving face of extra-thick coal seam | |
| CN112302676B (en) | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking method for shield tunneling of composite stratum | |
| CN112302675B (en) | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking device for shield tunneling of composite stratum | |
| CN221590936U (en) | Underground mine hole plugging device | |
| CN219012638U (en) | Underground collapse column electric pulse directional presplitting grouting reinforcement device | |
| CN219570090U (en) | High-voltage electric pulse system for deep coal seam |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |