CN115234199A - Horizontal well drainage gas production device and method - Google Patents
Horizontal well drainage gas production device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115234199A CN115234199A CN202210897316.XA CN202210897316A CN115234199A CN 115234199 A CN115234199 A CN 115234199A CN 202210897316 A CN202210897316 A CN 202210897316A CN 115234199 A CN115234199 A CN 115234199A
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- plunger
- catcher
- pipe column
- pipe
- crosspiece
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/122—Gas lift
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/13—Lifting well fluids specially adapted to dewatering of wells of gas producing reservoirs, e.g. methane producing coal beds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/12—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps having free plunger lifting the fluid to the surface
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal well drainage gas production device which comprises a tubular column extending from the ground to a reservoir, wherein a plunger is movably connected in the tubular column, the top end of the tubular column is connected with a plunger catcher, a plunger limiter is arranged on the tubular column and positioned at the bottom end of the plunger catcher, and a liquid drainage structure for draining accumulated liquid is arranged on the tubular column and positioned between the plunger catcher and the plunger limiter; the plunger catcher is used for being buckled with the top end of the plunger and can be mechanically deformed together with the plunger catcher to lock the top end structure of the plunger when the plunger is lifted to be buckled with the plunger catcher; the plunger catcher is arranged at the top end of the tubular column, so that the top end of the plunger can vertically extend into the plunger catcher to be automatically buckled with the plunger catcher in the process of lifting the plunger, and then the plunger catcher buffers redundant lifting potential energy of the plunger through an internal buffer structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas well gas production, in particular to a horizontal well drainage gas production device and method.
Background
In the field of exploration and development of oil and gas resources, a plunger gas lift technology is considered as the most economical and effective drainage and gas production process, the plunger gas lift is a special form of intermittent gas lift, energy of the plunger gas lift mainly comes from formation gas, but high-pressure gas can be injected into the bottom of a well for supplement if the formation gas is insufficient.
The process technology is that the plunger is used as a solid interface, the accumulated liquid above the plunger is separated from the gas below the plunger in a shaft, the sealing effect is achieved, the liquid loss is reduced as much as possible, the gas channeling is prevented, the working efficiency and the gas well yield are improved, the plunger is a piston with the diameter slightly smaller than that of an oil pipe, the plunger can move up and down in the oil pipe, and when the well is opened for production, the plunger drives the upper liquid section to move up under the lifting effect of the gas below the plunger until the plunger moves up to the position of a well head and is locked on a catcher.
In the prior art, the device for catching the lifting plunger has a single function, and can only be used for clamping and catching the plunger which rises to the highest position in the tubular column, however, the plunger can carry certain potential energy in the gas lifting process, so that the plunger can impact the catcher after moving to the highest position, and the rebound caused by the impact can possibly cause the success rate of catching the plunger by the catcher to be reduced.
In addition, the plunger can only be caught by the catcher in the gas lifting process, but when the catcher fails to catch the plunger, the plunger can descend along the pipe column again under the action of the gravity of the plunger and the upper liquid section, so that the liquid drainage efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a horizontal well drainage gas recovery device, which aims to solve the problems that the function of a device for capturing a lifting plunger in the prior art is single, and the plunger can only be captured through a catcher.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
a horizontal well drainage gas production device comprises a pipe column extending from the ground to a reservoir, wherein a plunger is movably connected in the pipe column, the top end of the pipe column is connected with a plunger catcher, a plunger limiter is arranged at the bottom end of the plunger catcher on the pipe column, and a liquid drainage structure for draining accumulated liquid is arranged between the plunger catcher and the plunger limiter on the pipe column;
lifting the plunger with gas from the reservoir within the string to gas lift an upper liquid section with the plunger;
the plunger catcher is used for being buckled with the top end of the plunger, can be mechanically deformed to a top end structure locking the plunger together with the plunger catcher when the plunger is lifted to be buckled with the plunger catcher, and can buffer the potential energy of the lifting of the plunger;
the plunger limiter can form three protruding limiting structures on the inner side of the tubular column so as to limit the plunger above the plunger limiter to fall.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the plunger catcher comprises a top cylinder, a cylinder inner slide block, an elastic supporting component and an automatic buckling component;
the top barrel is fixed to the top end of the tubular column, the barrel inner sliding block is movably connected to the inside of the top barrel and can slide up and down along the inner side of the top barrel, the elastic supporting assembly is arranged inside the top barrel and used for elastically pressing the top end of the barrel inner sliding block, and the automatic buckling assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the barrel inner sliding block and used for being buckled with the top end of the plunger.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the elastic support assembly comprises a threaded cover fixed at the top end of the top cylinder through threads, a damping rod is arranged at the center of the bottom end of the threaded cover, and a spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the threaded cover, which is positioned at the outer side of the damping rod;
the damping rod is always contacted with the top end of the in-cylinder sliding block in the top cylinder;
wherein, the length of the spring is less than the stroke of the slide block in the top cylinder which rises.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a screw hole is formed at a bottom end of the sliding block in the cylinder, a travel switch for controlling the closing of the automatic fastening component is arranged inside the sliding block in the cylinder, a trigger end of the travel switch extends toward the inside of the automatic fastening component, a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the automatic fastening component is arranged inside the sliding block in the cylinder, and the controller is connected with an external control terminal.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the automatic fastening assembly includes a connecting seat screwed to a bottom end of the inner slider of the barrel, two symmetrically distributed protruding structures are disposed on an outer side of the connecting seat for respectively mounting the first push rods, two symmetrically distributed protruding structures are disposed on an inner side of the connecting seat for respectively mounting the clamping jaws, and a through hole for passing the trigger end of the travel switch is disposed at a center position of the inner side of the connecting seat.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the jaws are rotatably connected to an inner protruding structure of the connecting seat through a first torsion spring shaft, the top ends of the jaws are provided with upper cross rails extending transversely towards the other jaw, and the bottom ends of the jaws are provided with inner clamping ribs distributed towards the other jaw;
wherein the two first torsion spring shafts enable the top ends of the two claws to tend to be close and the bottom ends of the two claws to tend to be far away, the plunger ascends towards the space between the two claws to enable the two claws to keep a vertical state, the through hole can be triggered through the upper transverse rail when the claws are in the vertical state, and the outer side of the plunger is buckled through the inner clamping ribs;
the through hole trigger can control the two through holes to lock the two clamping jaws in a vertical state.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the plunger limiter comprises an external connection shell, a main crosspiece assembly, a second push rod and two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies symmetrically distributed on the second push rod;
the pipe external connection shell is arranged on the outer side of the pipe column, the main crosspiece assembly is arranged inside the pipe external connection shell and can stretch out and draw back towards the direction of the pipe column along the pipe external connection shell, the second push rod is arranged on the outer side of the pipe external connection shell and is used for controlling the stretching of the main crosspiece assembly, the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the pipe external connection shell, the main crosspiece assembly and the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies can synchronously extend towards the central position of the pipe column, and the main crosspiece assembly and the parts of the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies extending into the pipe column are used for supporting the bottom end of the plunger;
wherein, lie in on the tubular column the inboard of outside of tubes connecting shell is seted up the three and is equallyd divide the distribution and be in the notch of the outer periphery of tubular column, the inside of outside of tubes connecting shell is hollow structure and passes through the notch with the inside intercommunication of tubular column, main crosspiece subassembly and two vice crosspiece subassembly can pass through the notch extends into the inside of tubular column.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the main crosspiece assembly includes a slide rail fixedly connected to the inside of the external connection shell, the slide rail is transversely slidably connected to a transverse slide block, and two sides of the transverse slide block are respectively provided with a connection rope to connect with the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies;
the front end of the transverse sliding block extends into the inner side of the tubular column along the sliding rail and is used for supporting the bottom end of the plunger.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the auxiliary crosspiece assembly includes a fixing frame fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe external connection shell, a second torsion spring shaft longitudinally distributed is arranged on the inner side of the fixing frame, and a transverse rotation block is transversely and rotatably connected to the outer side of the second torsion spring shaft;
the transverse rotating block can pass through a notch on the pipe column and transversely extend to the interior of the pipe column by rotating around the second torsion spring shaft, and the second torsion spring shaft can elastically support the transverse rotating block to rotate towards the direction of the pipe column;
the tail part of the transverse rotating block is connected with the connecting rope, and the connecting rope moves towards the outer side of the pipe external connecting shell and can pull the two transverse rotating blocks to be separated from the inner part of the pipe column through the two connecting ropes.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention further provides a horizontal well drainage gas recovery method, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, enabling a plunger to ascend, enabling gas in the annular space to expand and flow into a pipe column, lifting the plunger and an upper liquid section together with formation gas to move towards a well head, and at the moment, enabling the oil pressure of the well head and the sleeve pressure of the well head to continuously descend until the gas lifts the plunger and the upper liquid section to reach the well head, and enabling a gas well to immediately start liquid drainage production;
200, performing follow current production, namely capturing an ascending plunger and buffering potential energy through a wellhead buffer when the plunger reaches a wellhead, wherein a liquid section on the plunger completely enters a production pipeline, and then, stratum produced water and accumulated liquid in the annular space are accumulated again at the lower part of an oil pipe, and the flowing pressure at the bottom of the well is continuously increased along with the increase of the accumulated liquid at the bottom of the well;
300, descending the plunger, closing the well after the follow current production stage is finished, enabling the plunger to fall from the well mouth under the action of self gravity, enabling the plunger to penetrate through gas and accumulated liquid to finally fall to the position of the locking device, and gradually recovering well mouth sleeve pressure and well mouth oil pressure;
step 400, pressure recovery, namely, when the recovery of the wellhead oil casing pressure meets the requirement, re-opening the well to perform a new cycle; and if the recovery of the wellhead oil casing pressure does not meet the requirement, continuing to close the well and waiting for the pressure to recover to a required value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the plunger catcher is arranged at the top end of the tubular column, in the process of lifting the plunger, the top end of the plunger vertically extends into the plunger catcher so as to be automatically buckled with the plunger catcher, and then the plunger catcher buffers redundant lifting potential energy of the plunger through an internal buffer structure, so that the damage probability of the plunger due to excessive collision in the using process is reduced, and the effect of catching the plunger can be enhanced by automatically buckling the plunger catcher with the plunger catcher;
(2) According to the invention, the plunger limiter is arranged on the tubular column, the bottom end of the plunger is higher than the plunger limiter after the plunger is lifted to be buckled by the plunger catcher, and at the moment, the plunger limiter is controlled to extend into the tubular column to form three protruding structures, so that the bottom end of the tubular column is supported, and the probability of accidental falling of the plunger is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the entire apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a plunger trap provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an initial state of the automatic fastening assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a snap-fit state of the automatic snap-fit assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the invention providing a retracted state of the plunger limiter.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the engagement state of the plunger stopper according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-a tubular column; 2-a plunger; 3-a plunger catcher; 4-a plunger limiter; 5-a liquid discharge structure;
31-a top cylinder; 32-cylinder inner slide block; 33-a resilient support member; 34-an automatic snap assembly;
321-screw holes; 322-a travel switch; 323-a controller; 331-a screw cap; 332-a damping rod; 333-spring; 341-a connecting seat; 342-a first push rod; 343-a jaw; 344-a through hole;
3431-first torsion spring shaft; 3432-upper rail; 3433-inner rib;
41-connecting the shell outside the tube; 42-a main rail assembly; 43-a second push rod; 44-a secondary rail assembly;
421-a slide rail; 422-transverse sliding block; 423-connecting rope; 441-a fixed frame; 442-a second torsion spring shaft; 443-a traversing block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention provides a horizontal well drainage gas production device, which comprises a pipe column 1 extending from the ground to a reservoir, a plunger 2 movably connected in the pipe column, a plunger catcher 3 connected to the top end of the pipe column 1, a plunger limiter 4 arranged on the pipe column 1 and at the bottom end of the plunger catcher 3, and a drainage structure 5 arranged on the pipe column 1 and between the plunger catcher 3 and the plunger limiter 4 and used for draining accumulated liquid;
the plunger 2 is lifted by gas of a reservoir in the pipe column 1, and the liquid section at the upper part is lifted by the gas of the plunger 2;
the plunger catcher 3 is used for being buckled with the top end of the plunger 2, when the plunger 2 is lifted to be buckled with the plunger catcher 3, the plunger catcher 3 and the plunger catcher 3 can be mechanically deformed to be locked to the top end structure of the plunger 2, and the plunger catcher 3 can buffer the lifting potential energy of the plunger 2;
the plunger stopper 4 can form three protruding limit structures on the inner side of the column 1 to limit the plunger 2 located above the plunger stopper 4 from falling.
In the prior art, the device for catching the lifting plunger has a single function, and can only be used for clamping and catching the plunger which rises to the highest position in the tubular column, however, the plunger can carry certain potential energy in the gas lifting process, so that the plunger can impact the catcher after moving to the highest position, and the rebound caused by the impact can possibly cause the success rate of catching the plunger by the catcher to be reduced.
According to the invention, the plunger catcher 3 is arranged at the top end of the tubular column 1, in the lifting process of the plunger 2, the top end of the plunger 2 can vertically extend into the plunger catcher 3 so as to be automatically buckled with the plunger catcher 3, and then the plunger catcher 3 buffers the redundant lifting potential energy of the plunger 2 through the internal buffer structure, so that the damage probability of the plunger 2 due to excessive collision in the use process is reduced, and the effect of catching the plunger 2 can be enhanced by automatically buckling the plunger catcher 3 with the plunger 2.
The plunger can only be caught through the catcher in the process of gas lifting, but when the catcher fails to catch the plunger, the plunger can descend again along the pipe column under the action of the gravity of the plunger and the upper liquid section, and therefore the liquid drainage efficiency is reduced.
According to the invention, the plunger limiter 4 is arranged on the tubular column 1, the plunger 2 is lifted to the position that the bottom end of the plunger 2 is higher than the plunger limiter 4 after being buckled by the plunger catcher 3, and at the moment, the plunger limiter 4 is controlled to extend into the tubular column 1 to form three protruding structures, so that the bottom end of the tubular column 1 is supported, and the probability of accidental falling of the plunger 2 is reduced.
Wherein, the plunger catcher 3 comprises a top cylinder 31, an in-cylinder slider 32, an elastic supporting component 33 and an automatic buckling component 34;
the top section of thick bamboo 31 is fixed on the top of tubular column 1, and slider 32 swing joint can slide from top to bottom along top section of thick bamboo 31 inboard in the section of thick bamboo 31 inside, and elastic support subassembly 33 sets up in the inside of top section of thick bamboo 31 and is used for the top of slider 32 in the elasticity pressfitting section of thick bamboo, and automatic lock subassembly 34 sets up the bottom of slider 32 in a section of thick bamboo and is used for the top lock joint with plunger 2.
The elastic supporting component 33 comprises a threaded cap 331 fixed at the top end of the top cylinder 31 through threads, a damping rod 332 is arranged at the center of the bottom end of the threaded cap 331, and a spring 333 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the threaded cap 331, which is positioned at the outer side of the damping rod 332;
wherein, the damping rod 332 is always contacted with the top end of the cylinder inner slide block 32 in the top cylinder 31;
wherein, the length of the spring 333 is smaller than the stroke of the cylinder inner slide 32 rising in the top cylinder 31.
The automatic buckling assembly 34 includes a connecting seat 341 screwed to the bottom end of the inner slider 32, two symmetrically distributed protruding structures are disposed on the outer side of the connecting seat 341 for respectively mounting a first push rod 342, two symmetrically distributed protruding structures are disposed on the inner side of the connecting seat 341 for respectively mounting a clamping jaw 343, and a through hole 344 for passing the trigger end of the travel switch 322 is disposed at the center of the inner side of the connecting seat 341.
The jaws 343 are rotatably connected to the inner protruding structure of the connecting base 341 by being provided with a first torsion spring shaft 3431, the top ends of the jaws 343 are provided with upper rails 3432 extending transversely towards the other jaw 343, and the bottom ends of the jaws 343 are provided with inner ribs 3433 distributed towards the other jaw 343;
wherein, the two first torsion spring shafts 3431 can make the top ends of the two claws 343 tend to approach and the bottom ends tend to move away, the plunger 2 ascends toward between the two claws 343 can make the two claws 343 maintain a vertical state, the through hole 344 can be triggered by the upper crosspiece 3432 when the claws 343 are in the vertical state, and the outside of the plunger 2 is buckled by the inner ribs 3433;
wherein, the through hole 344 triggers a vertical state capable of controlling the two through holes 344 to lock the two claws 343.
In-process that rises along 1 gas lift of tubular column at plunger 2, the liquid section on plunger 2 top can discharge through flowing back structure 5 to when stretching into plunger trapper 3 along the top of plunger 2, thereby the structure of 3 inside parts of plunger trapper can produce corresponding deformation lock joint plunger 2 and cushion the potential energy of 2 tops of plunger.
Because the two claws 343 on the connecting base 341 are tilted symmetrically in a splayed manner by the two first torsion spring shafts 3431, the top ends of the two claws 343 engage the upper crosspieces 3432 at the top ends of the two claws 343, at this time, the two upper crosspieces 3432 rotate toward the horizontal state along with the engagement of the plunger 2, the two claws 343 rotate toward the vertical state, the inner ribs 3433 at the bottom end are fastened to the outer side of the plunger 2 when the claws 343 rotate toward the vertical state, and in addition, the two upper crosspieces 3432 rotate toward the horizontal state, the trigger end of the stroke switch 322 located at the center position of the inner side of the connecting base 341 is triggered, so that the stroke switch 322 controls the extension and retraction ends of the two first push rods 342 to extend out, thereby limiting the rotation of the two claws 343, and at this time, the cylinder inner slide 32 is connected with the plunger 2 into an integrated structure through the automatic fastening assembly 34.
After the plunger 2 is fastened with the plunger catcher 3, the potential energy generated by the rising of the plunger is applied to the elastic supporting component 33 through the sliding block 32 in the cylinder, the elastic supporting component 33 sequentially buffers the sliding block in the cylinder through the damping rod 332, and the spring 333 performs secondary buffering until the sliding block 32 in the cylinder rises to be in contact with the spring 333, so that the potential energy generated by the rising of the plunger 2 is buffered.
Wherein, the plunger limiter 4 comprises an outer pipe connecting shell 41, a main crosspiece assembly 42 and a second push rod 43, and two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies 44 symmetrically distributed on the second push rod 43;
the pipe external connection shell 41 is arranged on the outer side of the pipe column 1, the main crosspiece component 42 is arranged inside the pipe external connection shell 41 and can extend and retract towards the direction of the pipe column 1 along the pipe external connection shell 41, the second push rod 43 is arranged on the outer side of the pipe external connection shell 41 and is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the main crosspiece component 42, the two auxiliary crosspiece components 44 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the pipe external connection shell 41, the main crosspiece component 42 and the two auxiliary crosspiece components 44 can synchronously extend towards the central position of the pipe column 1, and the parts extending into the pipe column 1 from the main crosspiece component 42 and the two auxiliary crosspiece components 44 are used for supporting the bottom end of the plunger 2;
wherein, the inboard that lies in outside of tubes connecting shell 41 on tubular column 1 sets up three and equally divides the notch that distributes at the tubular column 1 outer periphery, and the inside of outside of tubes connecting shell 41 is hollow structure and communicates through the inside of notch with tubular column 1, and main crosspiece subassembly 42 and two vice crosspiece subassemblies 44 can extend into the inside of tubular column 1 through the notch.
The main crosspiece assembly 42 comprises a slide rail 421 fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe external connection shell 41, the slide rail 421 is transversely connected with a transverse sliding block 422 in a sliding manner, and two sides of the transverse sliding block 422 are respectively provided with a connecting rope 423 to be connected with the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies 44;
wherein, the front end of the horizontal sliding block 422 extends into the inner side of the pipe column 1 along the sliding rail 421 and is used for supporting the bottom end of the plunger 2.
The sub-rail assembly 44 includes a fixing frame 441 fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe external connection housing 41, a second torsion spring shaft 442 longitudinally distributed on the inner side of the fixing frame 441, and a traverse block 443 transversely rotatably connected to the outer side of the second torsion spring shaft 442;
wherein, the traverse block 443 can pass through the slot on the pipe column 1 and extend transversely to the interior of the pipe column 1 by rotating around the second torsion spring shaft 442, and the second torsion spring shaft 442 can elastically support the traverse block 443 to rotate towards the direction of the pipe column 1;
the rear end of the traverse block 443 is connected to the connection string 423, and the connection string 423 moves toward the outside of the pipe external connection housing 41 and can pull the two traverse blocks 443 away from the inside of the pipe column 1 by the two connection strings 423.
When the plunger 2 is fastened to the plunger catcher 3, the bottom end of the plunger 2 is higher than the plunger limiter 4, and the extension end of the second push rod 43 is controlled to extend out, so that the plunger 2 and the cross slide block 422 slide along the slide rail 421 in the direction of the pipe column 1 until the front end of the cross slide block 422 extends into the pipe column 1.
Meanwhile, the sliding block 422 slides along the sliding rail 421 towards the pipe column 1, so that the sliding block 422 gets closer to the two sub-crosspiece assemblies 44, and therefore the two connecting ropes 423 connected to the sliding block 422 no longer pull the two traverse blocks 443, at this time, the two traverse blocks 443 of the two sub-crosspiece assemblies 44 will rotate transversely to extend into the interior of the pipe column 1 under the action of the two second torsion spring shafts 442, and at this time, the front end of the sliding block 422 and the front ends of the two traverse blocks 443 are both located in the interior of the pipe column, thereby preventing the plunger 2 from falling down along the pipe column.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention further provides a horizontal well drainage gas recovery method, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, enabling a plunger to ascend, enabling gas in the annular space to expand and flow into a pipe column, lifting the plunger and an upper liquid section together with formation gas to move towards a well head, and at the moment, enabling the oil pressure of the well head and the sleeve pressure of the well head to continuously descend until the gas lifts the plunger and the upper liquid section to reach the well head, and enabling a gas well to immediately start liquid drainage production;
200, performing continuous flow production, namely capturing an ascending plunger and buffering potential energy through a wellhead buffer when the plunger reaches a wellhead, wherein a liquid section on the plunger completely enters a production pipeline, and then stratum produced water and accumulated liquid in the annular space are accumulated again at the lower part of an oil pipe, and the bottom hole flowing pressure is continuously increased along with the increase of the bottom hole accumulated liquid;
300, descending the plunger, closing the well after the follow current production stage is finished, enabling the plunger to fall from the well mouth under the action of self gravity, enabling the plunger to penetrate through gas and accumulated liquid to finally fall to the position of the locking device, and gradually recovering well mouth sleeve pressure and well mouth oil pressure;
step 400, pressure recovery, namely when the recovery of the wellhead oil jacket pressure meets the requirement, re-opening the well to perform a new cycle; if the recovery of the wellhead oil casing pressure does not meet the requirement, the well is closed continuously to wait for the pressure to recover to a required value.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A horizontal well drainage gas recovery device is characterized by comprising a pipe column (1) extending from the ground to a reservoir stratum, wherein a plunger (2) is movably connected in the pipe column, the top end of the pipe column (1) is connected with a plunger catcher (3), a plunger limiter (4) is arranged on the pipe column (1) and positioned at the bottom end of the plunger catcher (3), and a liquid drainage structure (5) for draining accumulated liquid is arranged on the pipe column (1) and positioned between the plunger catcher (3) and the plunger limiter (4);
lifting the plunger (2) by gas of a reservoir layer in the pipe column (1) so that the plunger (2) lifts an upper liquid section by gas;
the plunger catcher (3) is used for being buckled with the top end of the plunger (2), and can be mechanically deformed together with the plunger catcher (3) to be locked in a top end structure of the plunger (2) when the plunger (2) is lifted to be buckled with the plunger catcher (3), and the potential energy of the lifting of the plunger (2) can be buffered by the plunger catcher (3);
the plunger limiter (4) can form three protruding limiting structures on the inner side of the pipe column (1) so as to limit the plunger (2) above the plunger limiter (4) to fall.
2. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 1,
the plunger catcher (3) comprises a top cylinder (31), an in-cylinder sliding block (32), an elastic supporting component (33) and an automatic buckling component (34);
the top cylinder (31) is fixed to the top end of the pipe column (1), the cylinder inner sliding block (32) is movably connected to the inside of the top cylinder (31) and can slide up and down along the inner side of the top cylinder (31), the elastic supporting component (33) is arranged inside the top cylinder (31) and used for elastically pressing the top end of the cylinder inner sliding block (32), and the automatic buckling component (34) is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder inner sliding block (32) and used for buckling with the top end of the plunger (2).
3. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 2,
the elastic supporting component (33) comprises a threaded cover (331) fixed at the top end of the top cylinder (31) through threads, a damping rod (332) is arranged at the center of the bottom end of the threaded cover (331), and a spring (333) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the threaded cover (331) and positioned at the outer side of the damping rod (332);
wherein the damping rod (332) is always in contact with the top end of the cylinder inner slide block (32) in the top cylinder (31);
wherein the length of the spring (333) is smaller than the stroke of the cylinder inner slide block (32) rising in the top cylinder (31).
4. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 2,
screw (321) have been seted up to the bottom of slider (32) in the section of thick bamboo, the inside of slider (32) is equipped with and is used for control in the section of thick bamboo automatic lock subassembly (34) closed travel switch (322), the trigger end orientation of travel switch (322) extends to the inside of automatic lock subassembly (34), the inside of slider (32) is equipped with and is used for control in the section of thick bamboo controller (323) that automatic lock subassembly (34) opened and shut, controller (323) are connected with external control terminal.
5. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 4,
automatic lock subassembly (34) include through threaded connection in connecting seat (341) of slider (32) bottom in the section of thick bamboo, the outside of connecting seat (341) is equipped with the protruding structure of two symmetric distributions and is used for respectively installing first push rod (342), the inboard of connecting seat (341) is equipped with the protruding structure of two symmetric distributions and is used for respectively installing jack catch (343) the inboard central point of connecting seat (341) puts and offers and is used for supplying through-hole (344) that travel switch (322) trigger end passed.
6. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 5,
the clamping jaws (343) are rotatably connected to an inner protruding structure of the connecting seat (341) through a first torsion spring shaft (3431), the top ends of the clamping jaws (343) are provided with upper cross rails (3432) transversely extending towards the other clamping jaw (343), and the bottom ends of the clamping jaws (343) are provided with inner clamping ribs (3433) distributed towards the other clamping jaw (343);
wherein the two first torsion spring shafts (3431) can enable the top ends of the two claws (343) to approach and the bottom ends of the two claws (343) to move away, the plunger (2) ascends towards the space between the two claws (343) can enable the two claws (343) to keep a vertical state, the through hole (344) can be triggered by the upper crosspiece (3432) when the claws (343) are in the vertical state, and the outer side of the plunger (2) is buckled by the inner clamping rib (3433);
wherein the through hole (344) triggers a vertical state capable of controlling the two through holes (344) to lock the two claws (343).
7. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 1,
the plunger limiter (4) comprises an external pipe connecting shell (41), a main crosspiece assembly (42) and a second push rod (43), and two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies (44) symmetrically distributed on the second push rod (43);
the pipe external connection shell (41) is arranged on the outer side of the pipe column (1), the main crosspiece assembly (42) is arranged inside the pipe external connection shell (41) and can be stretched in the direction of the pipe external connection shell (41) towards the pipe column (1), the second push rod (43) is arranged on the outer side of the pipe external connection shell (41) and is used for controlling stretching of the main crosspiece assembly (42), the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies (44) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the pipe external connection shell (41), the main crosspiece assembly (42) and the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies (44) can synchronously extend towards the central position of the pipe column (1), and the parts extending into the pipe column (1) from the main crosspiece assembly (42) and the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies (44) are used for supporting the bottom end of the plunger (2);
wherein, lie in on tubular column (1) the inboard of outside of tubes connecting shell (41) has been seted up the three and has equallyd divide the distribution and be in the notch of tubular column (1) outer periphery, the inside of outside of tubes connecting shell (41) is hollow structure and passes through the notch with the inside intercommunication of tubular column (1), main crosspiece subassembly (42) and two vice crosspiece subassembly (44) can pass through the notch extends into the inside of tubular column (1).
8. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to claim 7,
the main crosspiece assembly (42) comprises a sliding rail (421) fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe external connecting shell (41), the sliding rail (421) is transversely connected with a transverse sliding block (422) in a sliding manner, and two sides of the transverse sliding block (422) are respectively provided with a connecting rope (423) to be connected with the two auxiliary crosspiece assemblies (44);
the front end of the transverse sliding block (422) extends into the inner side of the tubular column (1) along the sliding rail (421) and is used for supporting the bottom end of the plunger (2).
9. The horizontal well drainage gas recovery device of claim 8,
the auxiliary crosspiece assembly (44) comprises a fixed frame (441) fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe external connecting shell (41), the inner side of the fixed frame (441) is provided with a second torsion spring shaft (442) which is longitudinally distributed, and the outer side of the second torsion spring shaft (442) is transversely and rotatably connected with a transverse rotating block (443);
wherein the traversing block (443) can pass through the notch on the pipe column (1) and transversely extend to the interior of the pipe column (1) by rotating around the second torsion spring shaft (442), and the second torsion spring shaft (442) can elastically support the traversing block (443) to rotate towards the direction of the pipe column (1);
wherein the tail part of the cross rotating block (443) is connected with the connecting rope (423), the connecting rope (423) moves towards the outer side of the outer connecting shell (41), and the two cross rotating blocks (443) can be pulled to be separated from the inner part of the pipe column (1) through the two connecting ropes (423).
10. A method for the horizontal well drainage gas recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 100, enabling a plunger to ascend, enabling gas in an annular space to expand and flow into a pipe column, lifting the plunger and an upper liquid section together with formation gas to move towards a wellhead, and enabling wellhead oil pressure and wellhead sleeve pressure to continuously descend until the gas lifting plunger and the upper liquid section reach the wellhead, and enabling a gas well to immediately start liquid drainage production;
200, performing continuous flow production, namely capturing an ascending plunger and buffering potential energy through a wellhead buffer when the plunger reaches a wellhead, wherein a liquid section on the plunger completely enters a production pipeline, and then stratum produced water and accumulated liquid in the annular space are accumulated again at the lower part of an oil pipe, and the bottom hole flowing pressure is continuously increased along with the increase of the bottom hole accumulated liquid;
300, descending the plunger, closing the well after the follow current production stage is finished, enabling the plunger to fall from the well mouth under the action of self gravity, enabling the plunger to penetrate through gas and accumulated liquid to finally fall to the position of the locking device, and gradually recovering well mouth sleeve pressure and well mouth oil pressure;
step 400, pressure recovery, namely when the recovery of the wellhead oil jacket pressure meets the requirement, re-opening the well to perform a new cycle; if the recovery of the wellhead oil casing pressure does not meet the requirement, the well is closed continuously to wait for the pressure to recover to a required value.
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