CN115233845A

CN115233845A - Three-dimensional shock isolation device

Info

Publication number: CN115233845A
Application number: CN202110434739.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 欧阳郁汀; 施竹珺
Original assignee: Shanghai Rb Vibration Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Rb Vibration Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-22
Filing date: 2021-04-22
Publication date: 2022-10-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional shock isolation device which comprises a bearing frame, a vertical shock isolation system and a horizontal shock isolation system, wherein the bearing frame comprises an upper frame, a lower ring beam and a bottom plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper part of the upper frame is connected with a target shock isolation object, the vertical shock isolation system is arranged between the upper frame and the lower ring beam, and the horizontal shock isolation system is arranged between the lower ring beam and the bottom plate. The three-dimensional shock isolation device can realize the three-dimensional shock absorption function, the reset function and the guarantee function; vertical shock insulation periods can be adjusted by adjusting parameters of the vertical shock absorption device, and horizontal shock insulation periods can be adjusted by changing parameters of the horizontal shock insulation sliding table. The device can improve the safety and the comfort of the structure, and has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, excellent weather resistance, simple structure, safety, reliability and the like.

Description

Three-dimensional shock isolation device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seismic isolation and reduction of civil engineering, in particular to a three-dimensional seismic isolation device.

Background

Earthquake disasters cause immeasurable loss of lives and properties to the human society. One common engineering technique is the seismic isolation technique in order to comprehensively prevent and treat the influence of the seismic action on the civil engineering structure. Seismic isolation systems have been found to be effective in reducing the effects of seismic events over long periods of practical activity.

The common shock insulation support at present mainly comprises a rubber shock insulation support. However, according to the existing production techniques and the material characteristics of the rubber itself, the rubber-vibration isolating support has a number of inherent disadvantages, including: 1. according to the prior art, the qualified rubber support with low horizontal rigidity is difficult to produce; 2. the vertical rigidity of the rubber is not beneficial to reducing the vertical earthquake effect; 3. the residual deformation of the rubber shock-insulation support is not easy to repair; 4. the lead core rubber support is internally provided with metal lead, so that the production, the processing and the use of the lead core rubber support can cause environmental pollution.

There is therefore a need for a better way to ameliorate the above-mentioned disadvantages of existing rubber-vibration-isolating mounts.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a three-dimensional seismic isolation apparatus to solve the problem of cooperative control of vertical vibration and horizontal vibration under the action of an earthquake in the existing civil engineering structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a three-dimensional seismic isolation device comprises a bearing frame, a vertical shock absorption system and a horizontal shock absorption system, wherein:

the bearing frame comprises an upper frame, a lower ring beam and a bottom plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper part of the upper frame is connected with a target shock-insulation object, the vertical shock-absorbing system is arranged between the upper frame and the lower ring beam, and the horizontal shock-absorbing system is arranged between the lower ring beam and the bottom plate;

the vertical shock absorption system comprises a plurality of shock insulation springs and a vertical guide device, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the shock insulation springs respectively support the upper frame and the lower ring beam; the vertical guide device comprises a plurality of spring sleeves, spring guide rods, linear bearings and linear bearing guide rods, wherein the spring sleeves are fixed at the bottom of the upper frame, are the same as the shock insulation springs in number and are sleeved at the upper parts of the shock insulation springs; the spring guide rod is fixed on the upper surface of the lower ring beam and penetrates through the inside of the shock insulation spring; the linear bearing is fixed on the upper frame, the linear bearing guide rod penetrates through the corresponding shock insulation spring, the lower end of the linear bearing guide rod is fixed on the upper surface of the lower ring beam, and the upper end of the linear bearing guide rod penetrates through the linear bearing fixed on the upper frame;

the horizontal damping system comprises a sliding table base, a spherical crown plate arranged on the sliding table base through a steel ball sliding table bearing, and a sliding table connecting plate arranged above the spherical crown plate, wherein the sliding table base is fixed on a bottom plate of the bearing frame, and the upper end of the sliding table connecting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower ring beam.

According to a preferred embodiment, the bottom plate is further provided with a plurality of horizontal resetting locking mechanisms for resetting the horizontal damping system, and each horizontal resetting locking mechanism is fixed on the periphery of the bottom plate through a corresponding locking mechanism base.

According to another preferred embodiment, the number of linear bearing guide rods is eight, corresponding to which the number of linear bearings is also eight, evenly distributed adjacent to the outer edge of the upper frame.

According to the invention, the upper surface of the upper frame is also provided with a plurality of frame columns, and the frame columns are connected with the target shock insulation object.

Preferably, the cross section of the frame column is in a fan-shaped ring shape, and the ring surfaces on the inner side of the upper frame are uniformly distributed.

Furthermore, the number of the frame columns is four, and the sector ring of each frame column corresponds to 1/8 of the circular ring surface where the sector ring is located.

According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of positioning plates are fixed on the lower ring beam and are uniformly distributed along the outer edge of the lower ring beam, a plurality of reserved hole positions for the linear bearing guide rod, the shock insulation spring and the spring guide rod are formed in the positioning plates, and the bottoms of the shock insulation spring, the spring guide rod and part of the linear bearing guide rod are installed in the reserved hole positions.

According to the invention, the cross section of the bottom plate is square, the number of the sliding table bases arranged on the bottom plate is four, and the sliding table bases are symmetrically distributed pairwise on the bottom plate.

According to the invention, the center of the sliding table base is provided with a groove, the bottom of the groove is provided with a friction material, the inner side wall of the groove is provided with an anti-impact vibration absorption material, and the top of the sliding table base is also provided with an upper cover plate.

According to the invention, the steel ball slipway bearing consists of a bearing and steel balls placed in the bearing, and rests on the friction material, and the ball crown plate rests horizontally on the steel ball slipway bearing to allow the sliding of the ball crown plate in any horizontal direction in the groove.

The three-dimensional shock isolation device has the following beneficial effects:

1. vertical shock insulation is realized by adopting a spring element, and horizontal shock insulation is realized by adopting a horizontal sliding table system; the system integrally belongs to a passive control device, has no external energy input, has the natural stability characteristic, and has simple construction technology and high safety.

2. The shock absorption and isolation are realized by adopting the spring element and the steel ball sliding table bearing element, and the shock absorption and isolation device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient processing, easy assembly and the like; according to the specific requirements of vertical shock insulation and horizontal shock insulation, all elements of the shock insulation system can be subjected to unified design and batch production; all elements of the shock isolation system can be connected only through bolts, so that the mounting and maintenance difficulty of the shock isolation device is reduced, and the safety is high; through horizontal locking mechanism that resets, can realize the shock insulation device after the earthquake reset, promote the suitability, reliability and the durability of device.

3. The invention can realize three-dimensional shock insulation of civil engineering structures. Vertical shock insulation is realized by changing the number and the rigidity of vertical springs; the quantity and rigidity of the shock insulation springs are determined by the structural dynamic characteristics and the preset target control performance. The horizontal shock insulation is realized by changing the friction coefficient of the sliding table base, and the horizontal shock insulation period can be adjusted very conveniently by adjusting the friction coefficient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a three-dimensional seismic isolation apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken alongbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal seismic isolation sliding table of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device.

Description of the figure numbers:

1. shock-isolating the target; 2. an upper frame; 3. a bearing guide rod; 4. a spring sleeve; 5. a shock-isolating spring;

6. a spring guide rod; 7. a lower ring beam; 8. a spherical crown plate; 9. a steel ball sliding table bearing; 10. a sliding table base;

11. a base plate; 12. a linear bearing; 13. a horizontal reset locking mechanism; 14. a slipway connecting plate;

15. a locking mechanism base; 22. a frame column; 72. reserving hole sites; 73. positioning a plate; 91. steel balls;

92. a steel ball bearing; 101. a friction material; 102. an impact-resistant vibration-absorbing member; 103. and an upper cover plate.

Detailed Description

The three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The three-dimensional shock isolation device is applied to the field of civil engineering and is mainly used for realizing three-dimensional shock isolation of a civil engineering structure. In general, the civil engineering structure to be subjected to three-dimensional shock insulation can be a ground building or an underground structure; meanwhile, the target object to be isolated can also be a precise instrument, equipment needing vibration prevention, a working platform, a control room, a safety room and the like. Failure to implement appropriate shock absorption and insulation measures may cause life and property damage to workers and working equipment, whether in civil engineering structures or vibration-sensitive precision equipment.

The fixing and/or connecting in the above embodiments may be generally selected by welding, bolting, etc. according to the design, processing or construction requirements; either directly or indirectly through intermediate switching devices. The specific connection mode given here is only an example, and the meaning of the above fixing mode in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as the case may be.

As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional seismic isolation apparatus of the present embodiment includes a bearing frame, a vertical damping system and a horizontal damping system, wherein:

the bearing frame comprises an upper frame 2, a lower ring beam 7 and a bottom plate 11 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the upper part of the upper frame 2 is connected with a target shock-insulation object 1, the vertical shock-absorbing system is arranged between the upper frame 2 and the lower ring beam 7, and the horizontal shock-absorbing system is arranged between the lower ring beam 7 and the bottom plate 11;

the vertical shock absorption system comprises a plurality of shock insulation springs 5 and a vertical guide device, wherein the upper end and the lower end of each shock insulation spring 5 respectively support against the upper frame 2 and the lower ring beam 7; the vertical guide device comprises a plurality of spring sleeves 4, spring guide rods 6, linear bearings 12 and linear bearing guide rods 3, wherein the spring sleeves 4 are fixed at the bottom of the upper frame 2, are the same as the shock insulation springs 5 in number and are sleeved at the upper parts of the shock insulation springs 5; the spring guide rod 6 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower ring beam 7 and penetrates through the corresponding shock insulation spring 5; the linear bearing 12 is fixed on the upper frame 12, the linear bearing guide rod 6 is arranged in the corresponding shock isolation spring 5 in a penetrating way, the lower end of the linear bearing guide rod is fixed on the upper surface of the lower ring beam 7, and the upper end of the linear bearing guide rod penetrates into the linear bearing 12 fixed on the upper frame 2;

the level includes slip table base 10, through steel ball slip table bearing 9 set up in ball crown board 8 on the slip table base 10 and set up in the slip table connecting plate 14 of ball crown board 8 top, just the slip table base 10 is fixed in on the bottom plate 11 of bearing frame, the upper end of slip table connecting plate 14 and the bottom fixed connection of lower ring roof beam 7.

Preferably, a plurality of horizontal resetting locking mechanisms 13 are further arranged on the bottom plate 11 and are used for resetting the horizontal damping system; each horizontal reset locking mechanism 13 is fixed around the bottom plate 11 through a corresponding locking mechanism base 15.

The number of the linear bearing guide rods 3 is eight or more, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the number of the linear bearing guide rods 3 is eight, and the number of the linear bearings 12 is also eight and is uniformly distributed near the outer edge of the upper frame 2.

Generally, the upper frame 2 is circular in cross section; in the present embodiment, the cross section of the upper frame 2 may be further optimized to be a torus for saving materials in consideration of the stress characteristics of the upper frame. Further, the upper surface of the upper frame 2 is also provided with a plurality of frame columns 22, and is connected with the target seismic isolator 1 through the frame columns 22. Preferably, the cross section of the frame column 22 is in a fan-ring shape, and is uniformly distributed around the inner circular ring surface of the upper frame 2; in this embodiment, the number of the frame columns 22 is four, and the sector ring of each frame column 22 corresponds to 1/8 of the circular ring surface.

Further, the axis of the shock insulation spring 5 is collinear with the axis of the spring sleeve 4; likewise, the spring guide rod 6 is also collinear with the axis of the isolation spring 5.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to facilitate installation of the linear bearing guide rods 3, the shock-isolating springs 5 and the spring guide rods 6, four positioning plates 73 are further fixed on the lower ring beam 7; the four positioning plates 73 are uniformly distributed along the outer edge of the lower ring beam 7 and are fixedly connected with the lower ring beam 7 through bolts, and a plurality of reserved hole positions 72 for the linear bearing guide rod 3, the shock insulation spring 5 and the spring guide rod 6 are respectively arranged on the positioning plates 73. In this embodiment, the number of the reserved hole sites 72 on each positioning plate 73 is eleven, one of the reserved hole sites is located at the outer side of the middle of the positioning plate 73, and the remaining ten reserved hole sites are uniformly and symmetrically distributed at two sides of the positioning plate 73; as shown in fig. 3, of the eight linear bearing guide rods 3, the lower ends of four linear bearing guide rods 3 are installed in the reserved hole sites 72, and the other four linear bearing guide rods are located between two adjacent positioning plates 73; the number of the spring guide rods 6 is forty, each positioning plate 73 is provided with ten reserved hole sites 72 which are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on two sides corresponding to the positioning plate 73; the number of the shock insulation springs 5 is forty-eight, wherein the lower ends of forty-four springs are arranged in the reserved hole 72, and the lower ends of the other four springs are sleeved on the four linear bearing guide rods 3 between the two adjacent positioning plates 73.

Generally, the cross section of the lower ring beam 7 is circular; in the present embodiment, in consideration of the stress characteristics of the lower ring beam 7, the cross section of the lower ring beam 7 may be further optimized for saving material. As shown in fig. 3, the center of the lower ring beam 7 is cut to remove a regular polygonal area.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the vertical guide devices (the linear bearing guide rod 3, the spring sleeve 4 and the spring guide rod 6) ensure the stability of the shock isolation spring 5 in the vertical vibration process, avoid the negative stiffness characteristic introduced by the P-delta effect and prevent the platform from tilting. In this embodiment, the upper end of the shock-isolating spring 5 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper frame 2, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the lower ring beam 7 through the spring sleeve positioning plate 73. When receiving vertical earthquake effect, for guaranteeing the vertical to shock mitigation system motion wholeness, promote vertical shock insulation effect, need satisfy as follows requirement: 1. the arrangement positions of the shock insulation springs 5 are uniformly arranged along the lower ring beam 7, as shown in fig. 3, the shock insulation springs are integrally distributed in a polygonal shape and are at least divided into four areas; the arrangement number of each region shock-isolation spring 5 is at least 10, and the position and the number of each region shock-isolation spring 5 are symmetrical about the linear bearing guide rod 3; 2. when the shock insulation spring 5 is in a free state, the upper frame 2 is parallel to the lower ring beam 7, and the upper frame and the lower ring beam are both in a horizontal state; 3. the overall stiffness of the shock insulation springs 5 is designed according to the dynamic characteristics and shock insulation requirements of the target shock insulation structure 1, and the stiffness characteristics of the springs are determined according to the number of the arranged total springs.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the bottom plate 11 for mounting the horizontal damping system is square. When the number of the sliding table bases 10 is less than four, the lower ring beam 7 is easy to turn; in order to prevent the shock insulation system from overturning due to factors such as asymmetric moment, at least 4 sliding table bases 10 are arranged on the bottom plate 11. Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the positions of the 4 slipway bases 10 on the bottom plate 11 are distributed symmetrically two by two.

Further, in the sliding table base 10, according to the design requirement of horizontal shock insulation, determining a frequency parameter and a stiffness parameter of a horizontal shock insulation system; with reference to fig. 5, according to the determined horizontal seismic isolation parameters, a friction material 101 is laid at the bottom of the sliding table base 10 to provide a certain friction force, and the friction material 101 is replaceable according to the requirements of horizontal seismic isolation performance; and, along the lateral wall of the sliding table base 10, an anti-impact shock-absorbing material 102 is laid for preventing the impact effect generated when the steel ball sliding table bearing 9 has large horizontal displacement. Paving the anti-impact shock-absorbing material 102, so that on one hand, the influence of horizontal impact on the horizontal acceleration of a shock-isolating target structure can be prevented; on the other hand, the steel ball sliding table bearing 9 and the sliding table base 10 can be protected, so that the applicability, the durability and the reliability of the shock isolation device are improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the number of the horizontal returning locking mechanisms 13 and the locking mechanism bases 15 provided on the bottom plate 11 is four, and the arrangement positions of the locking mechanism bases 15 are around the bottom plate 11. When in normal use, the horizontal reset locking mechanism 13 and the base 15 thereof can be removed; when the horizontal damping system is displaced horizontally due to an earthquake or the like, the horizontal resetting locking mechanism 13 and the base 15 thereof can be installed, and the horizontal resetting damping system is pushed to reset according to the position of the horizontal resetting locking mechanism 13.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 5, the main components of the horizontal damping system are a groove provided in the center of the base 10, a friction material 101 is installed at the bottom of the groove, and a shock-proof and shock-absorbing material 102 is installed on the inner side wall of the groove. The steel ball sliding table bearing 9 consists of a bearing 92 and steel balls 91 arranged in the bearing 92, is placed on the friction material 101, and can slide in any horizontal direction in a groove of the sliding table base 10; the spherical crown plate 8 is horizontally placed on the steel ball sliding table bearing 9, and can also slide in any horizontal direction in the groove. In addition, the top of the sliding table base 10 is further provided with an upper cover plate 103, and due to the arrangement of the upper cover plate 103, the influence of factors such as dust falling and rain accumulation on the vibration isolation device during service can be prevented, and the damage to the durability and reliability of the vibration isolation device due to environmental factors is avoided.

Although the three-dimensional seismic isolation apparatus according to the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and similar modifications based on the basic principle and concept of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional seismic isolation apparatus, comprising a carrying frame, a vertical shock absorbing system and a horizontal shock absorbing system, wherein:

the bearing frame comprises an upper frame (2), a lower ring beam (7) and a bottom plate (11) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper part of the upper frame (2) is connected with a target shock-insulation object (1), the vertical shock absorption system is arranged between the upper frame (2) and the lower ring beam (7), and the horizontal shock absorption system is arranged between the lower ring beam (7) and the bottom plate (11);

the vertical shock absorption system comprises a plurality of shock insulation springs (5) and a vertical guide device, wherein the upper end and the lower end of each shock insulation spring (5) respectively support against the upper frame (2) and the lower ring beam (7); the vertical guide device comprises a plurality of spring sleeves (4), spring guide rods (6), linear bearings (12) and linear bearing guide rods (3), wherein the spring sleeves (4) are fixed at the bottom of the upper frame (2), are the same as the shock insulation springs (5) in number and are sleeved at the upper parts of the shock insulation springs (5); the spring guide rod (6) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower ring beam (7) and penetrates through the inside of the shock insulation spring (5); the linear bearing (12) is fixed on the upper frame (2), the linear bearing guide rod (3) penetrates through the corresponding shock insulation spring (5), the lower end of the linear bearing guide rod is fixed on the upper surface of the lower ring beam (7), and the upper end of the linear bearing guide rod penetrates into the linear bearing (12) fixed on the upper frame (2);

the horizontal damping system comprises a sliding table base (10), a spherical crown plate (8) arranged on the sliding table base (10) through a steel ball sliding table bearing (9) and a sliding table connecting plate (14) arranged above the spherical crown plate (8), the sliding table base (10) is fixed on a bottom plate (11) of the bearing frame, and the upper end of the sliding table connecting plate (14) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower ring beam (7).

2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of horizontal resetting locking mechanisms (13) are further arranged on the bottom plate (11) and used for resetting the horizontal damping system, and each horizontal resetting locking mechanism (13) is fixed on the periphery of the bottom plate (11) through a corresponding locking mechanism base (15).

3. Three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of linear bearing guides (3) is eight, corresponding to which the number of linear bearings (12) is also eight, evenly distributed adjacent to the outer edge of the upper frame (2).

4. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the upper frame (2) is further provided with a plurality of frame columns (22), and is connected with the target seismic isolation object (1) through the frame columns (22).

5. Three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 4, wherein the frame columns (22) are sector-ring shaped in cross section and evenly distributed around the inner circular ring surface of the upper frame (2).

6. Three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein the frame columns (22) are four in number, and the fan ring of each frame column (22) corresponds to 1/8 of the circular ring surface.

7. The three-dimensional vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning plates (73) are fixed on the lower ring beam (7) and evenly distributed along the outer edge of the lower ring beam (7), a plurality of reserved hole sites (72) for the linear bearing guide rod (3), the vibration isolation spring (5) and the spring guide rod (6) are formed in the positioning plates (73), and the bottoms of the vibration isolation spring (5), the spring guide rod (6) and part of the linear bearing guide rod (3) are installed in the reserved hole sites (72).

8. The three-dimensional vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the bottom plate (11) is square, the number of the sliding table bases (10) arranged on the bottom plate (11) is four, and the positions on the bottom plate (11) are distributed symmetrically in pairs.

9. The three-dimensional vibration isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a groove is formed in the center of the sliding table base (11), a friction material (101) is installed at the bottom of the groove and used for providing a certain friction force, an impact-resistant vibration-absorbing material (102) is arranged on the inner side wall of the groove, and an upper cover plate (103) is further arranged at the top of the sliding table base (10).

10. Three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 9, characterized in that the steel ball ramp bearing (9) consists of a bearing (92) and steel balls (91) placed in the bearing (92), resting on the friction material (101), the ball crown plate (8) resting horizontally on the steel ball ramp bearing (9) to allow sliding of the ball crown plate (8) in any horizontal direction in the groove.