CN115232964A - Method for extracting gold from alkaline solution containing aurous thiosulfate complex based on natural eutectic solvent - Google Patents
Method for extracting gold from alkaline solution containing aurous thiosulfate complex based on natural eutectic solvent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for extracting gold from an alkaline solution containing a aurous thiosulfate complex based on a natural eutectic solvent. The method comprises the steps of adding a certain content of natural eutectic solvent, potassium phosphate and gold thiosulfate solution to construct a natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system, reacting at room temperature and normal pressure, and standing for separation. After extraction is completed, gold is efficiently enriched in the natural eutectic solvent phase. The invention adopts the natural eutectic solvent as the extractant, the raw materials have natural sources and low cost, the atom utilization rate reaches 100 percent, and the invention overcomes the defects of environmental pollution such as high volatility, high toxicity and the like of the traditional solvent. Meanwhile, the constructed natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, high extraction and separation efficiency, simple required equipment and easy manual operation, and is suitable for industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of gold extraction, in particular to a method for extracting gold from an alkaline solution containing a aurous thiosulfate complex based on a natural eutectic solvent.
Background
Cyanidation is the current mainstream process for extracting gold from ores. Because cyanide is a highly toxic chemical, a large amount of cyanide-containing tailings and cyanide-containing wastewater can be generated in the extraction process of gold, and environmental pollution is easily caused.
With the increasing concern of people on the problem of environmental pollution, the cyanidation yellow leaching process is gradually limited, and the cyanide-free environment-friendly gold leaching process is gradually valued by people. The thiosulfate has the advantages of no toxicity, low cost, good ore adaptability, high efficiency, fast leaching kinetics and the like, so the process for leaching gold from the ore by applying the thiosulfate is the most promising non-cyaniding environment-friendly gold leaching process at present.
At present, the methods for recovering gold from thiosulfate leach solutions mainly include: metal displacement, resin exchange and activated carbon adsorption. In patent CN114672660A, a three-electrode system is adopted to apply voltage to a copper-ammonia thiosulfate gold leaching solution, then a proper amount of zinc powder, copper powder and aluminum powder are added into the system to reduce gold, and the reduced solution is filtered, pickled and purified to obtain pure gold. The method has the defects of large consumption of exchange metal, complex subsequent refining process and serious environmental pollution. Patent CN107400778A reports the adsorption of gold from gold thiosulfate solutions using strongly basic anion exchange resins followed by Na 2 SO 3 And Na 2 SO 4 The mixed solution is used as a desorbent to desorb the gold-loaded thiosulfuric acid complex ions. The resin exchange method has problems of poor selectivity, easy breakage of resin, difficult elution, and the like. Patent CN111004922A reports the use of mercaptans as additive followed by the adsorption of gold using commercial activated carbon. Due to the complex Au (S) 2 O 3 ) 2 3- The negative charge of (2) is high, the affinity of the active carbon is poor, and the recovery efficiency of gold is greatly reduced.
Solvent extraction has high selectivity to metal ions and is a suitable method for recovering gold thiosulfate. Patent CN113802012A reports that gold in thiosulfate leaching solution is extracted by using solvent extraction method using diphenylphosphine and its derivatives as extractant and toluene as diluent, wherein the gold extraction rate can reach 99% at most. In the solvent extraction process, a carcinogenic solvent toluene is used as a diluent, and diphenylphosphine and derivatives thereof are GHS 07-grade harmful substances; the phase separation extraction is carried out by means of the hydrophobicity of the extracting agent and the diluting agent. The solvent extraction process often uses a large amount of toxic, volatile and difficult-to-degrade organic solvents, which easily causes environmental problems.
The natural deep eutectic solvent is a natural deep eutectic solvent which is obtained by taking a natural compound as a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor and combining hydrogen bonds, and has excellent biodegradability, environmental compatibility and stability. The eutectic solvent is mainly used in the extraction of materials with biological activity. For example, after screening various existing natural eutectic solvent systems such as melancholia and the like and performing ultrasonic extraction by using betaine, L-lactic acid and water as eutectic solvent systems, the yield of the chlorogenic acid in the eucommia ulmoides leaves is 31.46mg/g. (Yufeng, wangxiangmong, zhangyao, duxiyun, pengmy. Natural eutectic solvent extraction of eucommia leaf chlorogenic acid and its antioxidant activity [ J ] forest chemical and industry, 2022,42 (01): 101-109.)
The natural eutectic solvent is used as an extraction solvent after at least one organic matter is combined with other organic matters or inorganic matters, and is particularly suitable for extracting certain organic matters from various natural solution systems containing a large amount of complex organic matters according to the principle of similarity and intermiscibility. The natural eutectic solvent has strong hydrophilicity, is easy to dissolve in water and is not easy to dissolve in an organic diluent, so that the natural eutectic solvent is difficult to be applied to the extraction of metal ions in an aqueous solution by the traditional solvent extraction process.
However, the direct application of the natural eutectic solvent to the extraction of gold in the gold thiosulfate solution has the following problems:
(1) Au (I) in thiosulfate solutions is often a stable complex Au (S) 2 O 3 ) 2 3- Form exists due to Au (S) 2 O 3 ) 2 3- Has a high negative charge, has poor affinity with most natural eutectic solvents, and has low extraction efficiency of gold. The existing natural eutectic solvents are various in variety, but the determination of the type cannot be determinedThe eutectic solvent of the seed combination has higher extraction rate to gold;
(2) Complex impurities such as copper, cobalt and nickel are often present in thiosulfate leachate. Meanwhile, elemental sulfur, polythionates and other sulfides are often present in the solution. The complexity of the thiosulfate gold leaching chemical system increases the difficulty of extracting the thiosulfite aurous complex with a eutectic solvent with high efficiency and high selectivity.
(3) Furthermore, the natural eutectic solvent has strong hydrophilicity, is easy to dissolve in water and is not easy to dissolve in an organic diluent, so that the natural eutectic solvent is difficult to be applied to the extraction of the aurous thiosulfate complex in the aqueous solution by the traditional solvent extraction process. Thus, there has been no report on the recovery of gold from thiosulfate leaching systems using natural eutectic solvents.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for extracting gold from a sulphur-containing sulfuric acid aurous complex alkaline solution based on a natural eutectic solvent, which is used for solving the technical problems of poor selectivity, low extraction and separation efficiency, harmful solvent to the environment, low gold purity after separation and complex purification treatment operation in the prior art in the process of recovering gold from a thiosulfate leaching system.
The application provides a method for extracting gold from a sulfur-containing cuprous sulfate complex alkaline solution based on a natural eutectic solvent, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing the component A and the component B, stirring for 1-2 h at 80-90 ℃, and cooling to obtain a transparent and uniform natural eutectic solvent;
step S2: adding potassium phosphate solution into the obtained natural eutectic solvent, and then adding alkaline solution containing the aurous thiosulfate-containing complex with gold concentration of 1-200 mg/L;
and step S3: oscillating for 10-30 min at 25 ℃, mixing the solution system evenly, standing until phase separation is completed, and taking the lower phase as a gold-enriched phase;
the combination of the component A and the component B is any one of choline chloride/xylitol, choline chloride/lactic acid or betaine hydrochloride/lactic acid;
the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is as follows: 1:1.
According to the method, the natural eutectic solvent prepared by mixing the components is adopted, and the alkaline solution containing the aurous thiosulfate complex is extracted according to the operation, so that the effective extraction of the contained gold element can be realized, the extraction rate can reach 100%, and the extraction efficiency is high.
More preferably, the gold concentration in the basic solution containing the gold thiosulfate complex is 10, 50, 25 mg/L. The extraction rate can reach 100%, and the extraction efficiency is higher.
The extraction solvent is an organic matter, the component A and the component B in the organic matter are in hydrogen bond connection to generate a natural eutectic solvent, and the specific reference is to the Fourier infrared attached figures 1, 3 and 5 provided by the application. In the extraction process, the aurous thiosulfate to be extracted is matched with an anion Au (S) 2 O 3 ) 2 3- Replacement of chloride ions Cl in natural eutectic solvent molecules by electrostatic action - N as a positive nitrogen ion in the component A + And generating stable ion pairs, and simultaneously forming new stable hydrogen bond connection with the component B, thereby realizing the high-efficiency extraction of gold elements in the gold thiosulfate aurous complex solution. The molecular structure of the obtained betaine hydrochloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent is shown in figure 2; the molecular structure of the obtained choline chloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent is shown in figure 4; the molecular structure of the obtained choline chloride-xylitol natural eutectic solvent is shown in figure 6
The aqueous two-phase system provided by the application is an aqueous two-phase system composed of a polymer and salt. Compared with the traditional extraction system, the double aqueous phase system does not use a large amount of volatile and toxic organic solvents, the main component of the upper and lower two phases is water, and the method has the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, and is a novel extraction process for replacing the traditional solvent extraction technology.
The two aqueous phase systems of the natural eutectic solvent of this application newly-developed can be used for metal ion's extraction separation with natural eutectic solvent to can combine the dual advantage of green extractant (natural eutectic solvent) and two aqueous phase systems, need not to use organic solvent, realize real green characteristic.
Preferably, component a is betaine hydrochloride and component B is lactic acid; betaine hydrochloride and lactic acid were added in a molar ratio of 1. After the eutectic solvent of the composition is used for extracting the alkaline solution containing the aurous thiosulfate complex, the extraction rate of gold elements in the upper phase can reach 100%.
Preferably, the component A is choline chloride, and the component B is xylitol; the choline chloride and the xylitol are added according to the molar ratio of 1. When the eutectic solvent obtained by adopting the combination is used for extraction, the extraction rate of gold elements in the upper phase can reach 100%.
Preferably, component a is choline chloride and component B is lactic acid; choline chloride and lactic acid were added in a molar ratio of 1. When the eutectic solvent obtained by the combination is used for extraction, better selectivity can be obtained, and when the alkaline solution containing the aurous thiosulfate complex contains copper, nickel and cobalt, the extraction rate of gold elements in the extracted upper phase is 97%; the extraction rates of copper, nickel and cobalt in the lower phase are 0.0%, 0.0% and 8.8%, respectively.
Preferably, the concentration of the potassium phosphate solution is 30.0 to 40.0wt%. By adopting the potassium sulfate solution with the concentration, the solution can be effectively separated into an upper water phase and a lower water phase.
Preferably, step S3: oscillating for 20min, and standing for 10min.
The beneficial effects that this application can produce include:
1) The method for extracting gold from the alkaline solution containing the aurous thiosulfate complex based on the natural eutectic solvent selects the gold with N + The A component betaine hydrochloride or choline chloride of the group and the B component natural acid or alcohol with carboxyl or hydroxyl are synthesized into the stable hydrophilic natural eutectic solvent. A double-aqueous-phase system is constructed by a natural eutectic solvent and an inorganic salt solution and used for extracting gold in a aurous thiosulfate complex solution, so that the technical problem that the eutectic solvent is difficult to be used for extracting gold in the aqueous solution of the aurous thiosulfate is solved. Meanwhile, when the aurous thiosulfate complex is added into a natural eutectic solvent-aqueous two-phase system, the anion Au (S) 2 O 3 ) 2 3- Replacing chlorine anions in the natural eutectic solvent molecule original component A and nitrogen positive ions N in the component A + And generating a stable ion pair through electrostatic attraction, generating a new hydrogen bond with carboxyl or hydroxyl in the component B, and stabilizing the compound ion pair by the newly generated hydrogen bond, thereby realizing effective extraction of the gold thiosulfate aurous complex. Therefore, the natural eutectic solvent provided by the application solves the problem of Au (S) 2 O 3 ) 2 3- High charge and weak affinity with most extractants, and difficult extraction. The constructed natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system has the advantages of the aqueous two-phase system, namely the advantages of greenness, high efficiency, low energy consumption, low cost, high separation efficiency, simple and mild process conditions, easiness in industrialization and the like; but also has the advantages of eutectic solvents, such as small vapor pressure, difficult volatilization and good biocompatibility; meanwhile, the defects of high cost, high toxicity and difficult industrial production of the ionic liquid are also overcome.
2) The method for extracting gold from the basic solution containing the aurous thiosulfate complex based on the natural eutectic solvent has the advantages that the used natural eutectic solvent is good in chemical stability, free of toxicity, high in gold extraction efficiency, biodegradable and environment-friendly, and overcomes the defects that an organic solvent is high in toxicity and volatility and environment pollution is easily caused. The natural eutectic solvent has natural raw material source and low cost, the atom utilization rate reaches 100 percent, and the method is environment-friendly. The natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system has simple operation, short extraction time and high extraction efficiency, and can completely extract gold in thiosulfate leachate within 20 min.
3) The method for extracting gold from the alkaline solution containing the aurous thiosulfate complex based on the natural eutectic solvent, which is provided by the application, is characterized in that a natural eutectic solvent double-aqueous-phase system is constructed, the method is green and efficient, the cost is low, and the extraction rate of the enriched natural eutectic solvent relative to 1-50 mg/L aurous thiosulfate can reach 100.0%. The energy consumption of the extraction process is low, the extraction can be completed at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, and the separation can be automatically completed without the assistance of external force. The extraction condition is mild, the required equipment is simple, the manual operation is easy, and the industrial production is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of betaine hydrochloride, lactic acid and synthetic betaine hydrochloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent provided herein; 3445.90cm in the IR spectrum of pure lactic acid in FIG. 1 -1 The broad peak of-OH corresponds to the stretching vibration absorption peak of-OH, when a natural eutectic solvent is generated, the stretching vibration absorption band of-OH is dispersed and widened, and the frequency is red-shifted to 3338.26cm -1 (ii) a This result indicates that-OH in the carboxyl group of lactic acid forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds with chloride ions in betaine hydrochloride, which is a typical feature of natural eutectic solvent synthesis; meanwhile, in the pure lactic acid infrared spectrum, the expansion vibration peak of C = O is positioned at 1728.61cm -1 After the natural eutectic solvent is generated, the expansion vibration peak of C = O is shifted to 1740.54cm in blue -1 (ii) a This is because, after the intermolecular hydrogen bond is generated, the electron cloud between C = O originally close to the oxygen atom moves to the carbon atom to some extent, thereby affecting the stretching vibration of C = O; the results of Fourier infrared spectroscopy prove that the betaine hydrochloride and the lactic acid generate a natural eutectic solvent by virtue of hydrogen bond;
FIG. 2 is a molecular structure diagram of a betaine hydrochloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent provided by the present application;
FIG. 3 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of choline chloride, lactic acid and a synthetic choline chloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent provided herein; in the spectrum of pure lactic acid, 3445.90cm -1 The broad peak of (A) corresponds to the stretching vibration absorption peak of-OH, when a natural eutectic solvent is generated, the stretching absorption band of-OH is dispersed and widened, and the frequency is red-shifted to 3362.58cm -1 This indicates that-OH in the carboxyl group of lactic acid forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds with chloride ions in choline chloride, which is a typical feature of natural eutectic solvent synthesis; the C = O stretching vibration peak of the pure lactic acid spectrum is 1728.61cm -1 After the natural eutectic solvent is generated, the expansion vibration peak of C = O is blue shifted to 1732.50cm -1 (ii) a This is because the generation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds causes an electron cloud between C = O, which is originally close to an oxygen atom, to move to a carbon atom to some extent, and from thereWhile the tensile vibration of C = O is affected; the result of Fourier infrared spectroscopy proves that choline chloride and lactic acid generate a natural eutectic solvent by virtue of hydrogen bond;
fig. 4 is a molecular structure diagram of a choline chloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent provided in the present application;
FIG. 5 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of choline chloride, xylitol and a synthetic choline chloride-xylitol natural eutectic solvent provided herein; 3394.26cm of pure xylitol spectrum in FIG. 5 -1 The wide peak of the-OH band corresponds to the stretching vibration absorption peak of-OH, after the natural eutectic solvent is generated, the corresponding stretching vibration absorption band of-OH is dispersed and widened, and the frequency red shifts to 3372.82cm -1 This indicates that-OH in the hydroxyl group of xylitol forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds with chloride ions in choline chloride, which is a typical characteristic of the synthesis of natural eutectic solvents relying on hydrogen bonding;
fig. 6 is a molecular structure diagram of a choline chloride-xylitol natural eutectic solvent provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
Technical means which are not described in detail in the present application and are not used for solving the technical problems of the present application are all arranged according to common knowledge in the field, and various common knowledge arrangement modes can be realized.
Examples
And (3) measuring the content of the gold in the lower phase enriched with the inorganic salt by adopting a flame atomic absorption instrument, and calculating the content of the gold in the upper phase enriched with the eutectic solvent according to the principle of mass conservation. The extraction efficiency (E%) of gold thiosulfate was calculated from the following formula:
wherein, C Auo And V Auo The concentration and volume of gold in the original gold thiosulfate solution are shown, and Cs and Vs respectively show the concentration of gold thiosulfate in the inorganic salt-enriched lower phase and the volume of the inorganic salt-enriched lower phase.
Example 1:
(1) Deep eutectic solvent synthesis: firstly, weighing 15.36g of betaine and 9.00g of lactic acid (the molar ratio is 1. The results showed that, after the formation of the natural eutectic solvent, the-OH stretching vibration absorption band in the carboxyl group of lactic acid became dispersed and widened, with a frequency of 3445.90cm from that of pure lactic acid -1 Red shift to 3338.26cm -1 . Proves that-OH in the lactic acid carboxyl and chloride ions in the betaine hydrochloride form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and proves that the betaine hydrochloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent is successfully synthesized.
(2) Adding a solution containing 1.75g of potassium phosphate (the concentration of the potassium phosphate is 30.0 wt%) into 1.25g of the natural eutectic solvent, then adding 1.0mL of a gold thiosulfate solution with the concentration of 25.0mg/L of gold, and finally supplementing the total weight of the two-aqueous-phase system to 5g by using deionized water with the pH value of 9.0 to obtain the natural eutectic solvent/potassium phosphate two-aqueous-phase system. Three parallel experiments were performed for each set of experiments;
(3) And (3) placing the solution system obtained in the step (2) on a constant temperature oscillator at 25 ℃ for oscillation for 20min to ensure that the whole system is uniformly mixed, then standing for 10min, after phase separation is finished, selecting a lower phase which is easier to determine the gold content for measurement, and calculating the gold content in an upper phase of actual gold enrichment according to mass conservation. Measuring the volume of the lower phase (inorganic salt enriched phase), and then measuring the concentration of the gold element in the obtained inorganic salt enriched phase by using a flame atomic spectrophotometer;
(4) The extraction rate of gold in the natural eutectic solvent phase of the method provided in this example was calculated to be 100.0% according to equation (1).
(5) Gold enriched in the natural eutectic solvent is reduced by hydrazine hydrate to obtain pure gold.
Example 2:
(1) Eutectic solvent synthesis: firstly, 13.96g of choline chloride and 9.00g of lactic acid are weighed, then the choline chloride and the lactic acid are mixed and stirred for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent eutectic solvent, then Fourier infrared spectrum characterization is carried out, as shown in figure 3, and the molecular structure diagram of the obtained choline chloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent is shown in figure 4. The results showed that, after the formation of the natural eutectic solvent, the stretching vibration absorption band of-OH was dispersed and broadened, and the frequency was 3445.90cm from that of pure lactic acid -1 Red shift to 3362.58cm -1 . Proves that-OH in the lactic acid carboxyl and chloride ions in choline chloride form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and the choline chloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent is successfully synthesized.
(2) Adding a solution containing 1.625g of potassium phosphate (the concentration of potassium phosphate is 40.0 wt%) into 1.25g of a natural eutectic solvent to obtain a solvent test solution, then adding 1.0mL of a mixed solution into the solvent test solution, wherein the mixed solution is a gold thiosulfate solution (the concentration of gold is 800 mg/L), a cuprammonium solution (the concentration of copper is 800 mg/L), a nickel ammonia solution (the concentration of nickel is 800 mg/L) and a cobalt ammonia ion solution (the concentration of cobalt is 800 mg/L), and the volume ratio of the gold concentration in the mixed solution is 1. Three replicates were run for each set of experiments.
(3) Placing the natural eutectic solvent into a constant temperature oscillator at 25 deg.C, oscillating for 20min to ensure the whole system is mixed uniformly, and standing for 10min. After the phase separation is completed, the volume of the lower phase (inorganic salt enriched phase) is measured, and then the concentrations of gold, copper, nickel and cobalt in the inorganic salt enriched phase are measured by using a flame atomic spectrophotometer.
(4) The extraction rates of gold, copper, nickel and cobalt were calculated according to equation (1). The result shows that the extraction rates of gold, copper, nickel and cobalt are respectively 97.0%, 0.0% and 8.8%, and the constructed aqueous two-phase system has good selectivity on the thiosulfuric acid in the presence of other metals.
Example 3:
(1) Eutectic solvent synthesis: firstly, 13.96g of choline chloride and 15.22g of xylitol are weighed, then the choline chloride and the xylitol are mixed and stirred for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent eutectic solvent, then Fourier infrared spectrum characterization is carried out, as shown in figure 5, and the molecular structure of the natural eutectic solvent of choline chloride-xylitol is shown in figure 6. The results showed that, after the formation of the natural eutectic solvent, the absorption band of-OH was dispersed and broadened, with a frequency of 3394.26cm for pure xylitol -1 Red shift to 3372.82cm -1 . Proves that intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between-OH at the terminal position of the xylitol and chloride ions in choline chloride, and proves that the natural eutectic solvent choline chloride-xylitol is successfully synthesized.
(2) Adding a solution containing 2.00g of potassium phosphate (the concentration of the potassium phosphate is 35.0 wt%) into 1.25g of the natural eutectic solvent, then adding 1.0mL of a gold thiosulfate solution with the concentration of 50.0mg/L of gold, and finally adding deionized water with the pH value of 9.0 to supplement the total weight of the aqueous two-phase system to 5.0g, so as to obtain the natural eutectic solvent/potassium phosphate aqueous two-phase system. Three replicates were run for each set of experiments.
(3) After the preparation of the natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system is finished, the system is placed on a constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 25 ℃ for oscillation for 20min, the whole system is ensured to be uniformly mixed, and then the system is kept stand for 10min. After the phase separation was completed, the volume of the lower phase (inorganic salt-rich phase) was measured, followed by measuring the concentration of gold in the inorganic salt-rich phase with a flame atomic spectrophotometer.
(4) The extraction rate of gold in the natural eutectic solvent phase of the method provided in this example was calculated to be 100.0% according to equation (1).
(5) Gold enriched in the natural eutectic solvent is reduced by hydrazine hydrate to obtain pure gold.
Example 4:
(1) Eutectic solvent synthesis: first, 13.96g of choline chloride and 9.00g of lactic acid were weighed, then mixed and stirred at a temperature of 80 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a uniform and transparent eutectic solvent, and then subjected to fourier-infrared spectroscopy for characterization, as shown in fig. 3. The results show that, after the natural eutectic solvent is generated, the stretching vibration absorption band of-OH is dispersed and widenedThe frequency is 3445.90cm of pure lactic acid -1 Red shift to 3362.58cm -1 . Proves that-OH in the lactic acid carboxyl and chloride ions in choline chloride form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and the choline chloride-lactic acid natural eutectic solvent is successfully synthesized.
(2) Adding a solution containing 1.50g of potassium phosphate into 1.25g of natural eutectic solvent, then adding 1.0mL of gold thiosulfate solution with the gold concentration of 1.0mg/L, and finally adding deionized water with the pH value of 9.0 to supplement the total weight of the two-aqueous-phase system to 5.0g, thereby obtaining the natural eutectic solvent/potassium phosphate two-aqueous-phase system. Three replicates were run for each set of experiments.
(3) After the preparation of the natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system is finished, the system is placed on a constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 25 ℃ for oscillation for 30min, the whole system is ensured to be uniformly mixed, and then the system is kept stand for 10min. After the phase separation was completed, the volume of the lower phase (inorganic salt-rich phase) was measured, followed by measuring the concentration of gold in the inorganic salt-rich phase with a flame atomic spectrophotometer.
(4) The extraction rate of gold in the natural eutectic solvent phase of the method provided in this example was calculated to be 100.0% according to equation (1).
(5) Gold enriched in natural eutectic solvent is reduced by hydrazine hydrate to obtain pure gold
Example 5:
(1) Deep eutectic solvent synthesis: 13.96g of choline chloride and 15.22g of xylitol were first weighed, then mixed and stirred at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a uniform and transparent eutectic solvent, followed by characterization by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, as shown in FIG. 5. The results showed that, after the formation of the natural eutectic solvent, the absorption band of-OH was dispersed and broadened, with a frequency of 3394.26cm for pure xylitol -1 Red shift to 3372.82cm -1 . Proves that intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between-OH at the terminal position of the xylitol and chloride ions in choline chloride, and proves that the natural eutectic solvent choline chloride-xylitol is successfully synthesized.
(2) Adding a solution containing 2.00g of potassium phosphate (the concentration of the potassium phosphate is 32.0 wt%) into 1.25g of the natural eutectic solvent, then adding 1.0mL of a gold thiosulfate solution with the concentration of 10.0mg/L of gold, and finally adding deionized water with the pH value of 9.0 to supplement the total weight of the aqueous two-phase system to 5.0g, so as to obtain the natural eutectic solvent/potassium phosphate aqueous two-phase system. Three replicates were run for each set of experiments.
(3) After the preparation of the natural eutectic solvent aqueous two-phase system is finished, the system is placed on a constant-temperature oscillator at the temperature of 25 ℃ for oscillation for 10min, the whole system is ensured to be uniformly mixed, and then the system is kept stand for 10min. After the phase separation was completed, the volume of the lower phase (inorganic salt-rich phase) was measured, followed by measuring the concentration of gold in the inorganic salt-rich phase with a flame atomic spectrophotometer.
(4) The extraction rate of gold in the natural eutectic solvent phase of the method provided in this example was calculated to be 100.0% according to equation (1).
(5) Gold enriched in the natural eutectic solvent is reduced by hydrazine hydrate to obtain pure gold.
According to the embodiments 1 to 5, the choline chloride/xylitol, the choline chloride/lactic acid and the betaine/lactic acid provided by the application can show a good extraction rate for gold in a gold thiosulfate solution, have high selectivity, and can not be interfered and influenced by other metal elements.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for extracting gold from an alkaline solution containing a aurous thiosulfate complex based on a natural eutectic solvent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: mixing the component A and the component B, stirring for 1-2h at 80-90 ℃, and cooling to obtain a transparent and uniform natural eutectic solvent;
step S2: adding potassium phosphate solution into the obtained natural eutectic solvent, and then adding an alkaline solution containing the sulphosulfuric acid aurous complex with gold concentration of 1-200 mg/L;
and step S3: oscillating for 10 to 30min at 25 ℃, mixing a uniform solution system, and standing until phase splitting is completed, wherein an upper phase is a gold enrichment phase;
the combination of the component A and the component B is any one of choline chloride/xylitol, choline chloride/lactic acid or betaine hydrochloride/lactic acid;
the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is as follows: 1:1.
2. The method for extracting gold from an alkaline solution containing a aurous thiosulfate complex based on natural eutectic solvent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that component a is betaine hydrochloride and component B is lactic acid.
3. The method for extracting gold from an alkaline solution containing a aurin thiosulfate complex based on a natural eutectic solvent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that component a is choline chloride and component B is xylitol.
4. The method for extracting gold from an alkaline solution containing a aurin thiosulfate complex based on a natural eutectic solvent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that component a is choline chloride and component B is lactic acid.
5. The method for extracting gold from the alkaline solution of the gold thiosulfate-containing cuprous complex based on natural eutectic solvent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of potassium phosphate solution is 30.0 to 40.0wt%.
6. The method for extracting gold from a basic solution containing a aurous thiosulfate complex based on a natural eutectic solvent according to claim 1, characterized in that the step S3: oscillating for 20min, and standing for 10min.
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