CN115231642A - Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system - Google Patents
Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115231642A CN115231642A CN202210183920.6A CN202210183920A CN115231642A CN 115231642 A CN115231642 A CN 115231642A CN 202210183920 A CN202210183920 A CN 202210183920A CN 115231642 A CN115231642 A CN 115231642A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
- F01K23/14—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled including at least one combustion engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water and electricity cogeneration system, in particular to a multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system, which comprises a heat reservoir, a multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination section and a gas turbine combined cycle power generation section; the heat reservoir comprises a high-temperature section, a medium-temperature section and a low-temperature section; the multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination section comprises a flash evaporation chamber group and a brine heater connected with the flash evaporation chamber group; the low-temperature section is a heat source of the brine heater; the seawater is desalted after heat exchange through a flash chamber group and a brine heater; the gas turbine combined cycle power generation section comprises a gas turbine power generation device and a steam turbine cycle power generation device, a waste gas combined high-temperature section and a medium-temperature section which are generated by the gas turbine power generation device are jointly used as a heat source of the steam turbine cycle power generation device, and the waste gas combined medium-temperature section is used for heating or refrigerating. Compared with the prior art, the invention fully exerts the characteristics of large waste heat quantity and high recovery benefit of the sintering circular cooler, fully utilizes low-grade waste heat, and realizes water-electricity co-production and combined supply of cold, heat and electricity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water and electricity cogeneration system, in particular to a multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system.
Background
The energy consumption of steel in China is always high and accounts for about 16% of the total energy consumption in China, and the sintering process is an important ring of long-flow steel production, and the energy consumption accounts for about 9-12% of the energy consumption of steel enterprises and is only next to the steelmaking process. The efficient utilization of the waste heat resources in the sintering process is one of the main measures for reducing the energy consumption of the sintering process. At present, the domestic waste gas and waste heat recycling modes of the sintering circular cooler mainly comprise three modes: (1) purifying the waste flue gas to be used as combustion-supporting air of an ignition furnace or for preheating a mixture; (2) waste flue gas is used for generating steam through a heat pipe device or a waste heat boiler and is merged into a steam pipe network of a whole plant; (3) and the waste heat boiler is used for generating steam to drive the steam turbine set to generate power. However, the three modes only can utilize part of waste heat, and for low-temperature waste heat, except that the northern part of steel enterprises are used for heating in winter, most of the steel enterprises can directly discharge the waste heat into the atmosphere, so that the waste of energy is caused. The energy consumption is reduced by recycling the waste heat of the waste gas in the sintering process, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the waste is changed into valuable in the industrial production process.
Water resources are a valuable wealth for humans. In the face of a series of problems of insufficient water resource possession per capita, drought and water shortage in multiple regions, continuous pollution of water environment and the like, the water resource crisis becomes the most serious problem of all resource problems. Among the various elements that affect people's life and production activities, fresh water resources play a very important role. In recent years, china is focused on promoting the application of seawater desalination technology and the construction of seawater desalination engineering. The active development of fresh water resources can not only relieve the serious water shortage problem in cities and rural areas, but also obtain the maximum economic, social and environmental benefits. The seawater desalination is an open source incremental technology for producing fresh water by seawater desalination, can increase the total amount of the fresh water, effectively solves the problem of shortage of fresh water resources, and has profound significance for social sustainable development. The distillation method (thermal method) is one of the mainstream techniques for seawater desalination at present by virtue of the characteristics of low-grade heat utilization, low requirement on the quality of raw seawater, high production capacity of a device and the like. The multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination technology is mature, the equipment is simple and reliable, the operation safety is high, the anti-scaling performance is good, the operation flexibility is large, and low-grade heat energy and waste heat can be utilized. In general, a multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination system uses low-pressure extraction steam of a steam turbine as a heat source, and is usually operated in combination with a thermal power station. China mostly adopts coal-fired thermal power plants to generate electricity, but the generating efficiency is about 40 percent generally, and the further improvement of the power supply efficiency of a generating set is difficult. Therefore, a process capable of improving the power generation efficiency or reducing the energy consumption of a multistage flash seawater desalination system is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Gas turbine combined cycle power generation is one of the effective ways to improve the efficiency of power generation. The steam-gas combined cycle is a combined cycle which consists of three main bodies, namely a waste heat boiler, a gas turbine and a steam turbine, takes gas as a high-temperature working medium and steam as a low-temperature working medium, and takes the exhaust of the gas turbine as a heating source for the cycle of the steam turbine device. The combined cycle power generating set of the gas turbine can improve the heat efficiency and the power generating efficiency, reduce the environmental pollution, simultaneously improve the peak shaving performance, and save the cost, the occupied area and the water consumption. At present, the net power generation efficiency of the integrated gas turbine combined cycle technology can reach 60%, and compared with a conventional coal-fired power plant, the combined cycle unit has more obvious advantages. The gas-steam combined cycle power generation technology combines the characteristics of high efficiency, cleanness, water saving, poly-generation and the like, and meets the long-term power generation target in the future.
The invention aims to solve at least one of the problems, and provides a multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system, which fully exerts the characteristics of large waste gas heat quantity and high recovery benefit of a sintering circular cooler, can fully utilize low-grade medium and low-temperature waste heat resources, and realizes a water-electricity co-production and combined cooling, heating and power system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system comprises a heat reservoir, a multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination section and a gas turbine combined cycle power generation section;
the heat reservoir comprises a high-temperature section, a medium-temperature section and a low-temperature section, the low-temperature section is connected with the multistage flash seawater desalination section, and the high-temperature section and the medium-temperature section are connected with the gas turbine combined cycle power generation section;
the multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination section comprises a flash evaporation chamber group and a brine heater connected with the flash evaporation chamber group; the low-temperature section is a heat source of a brine heater; the seawater is subjected to heat exchange by a flash chamber group and a brine heater and then is desalinated;
the gas turbine combined cycle power generation section comprises a gas turbine power generation device and a steam turbine cycle power generation device, the exhaust gas combined high-temperature section and the medium-temperature section which are generated by the gas turbine power generation device are jointly used as a heat source of the steam turbine cycle power generation device, and the exhaust gas combined medium-temperature section which is generated by the steam turbine cycle power generation device is used for heating or refrigerating.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature section is 420-480 ℃; the medium temperature section comprises a first medium temperature section and a second medium temperature section, the temperature of the first medium temperature section is 290-330 ℃, and the temperature of the second medium temperature section is 180-230 ℃; the low-temperature section comprises a first low-temperature section and a second low-temperature section, the temperature of the first low-temperature section is 120-180 ℃, and the temperature of the second low-temperature section is 60-100 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature section is 450 ℃, and the temperature of the first medium-temperature section is 315 ℃; the temperature of the second medium-temperature section is 220 ℃; the temperature of the first low-temperature section is 150 ℃, and the temperature of the second low-temperature section is 80 ℃.
The heat of each section in the heat reservoir is from the sintering waste heat of the exhaust cylinder of the circular cooler. The exhaust gas temperature at different parts of the circular cooler is different, for example, the temperature of a feeding part is the highest and is about 450 ℃, the temperature of a discharging part is the lowest and is about 80 ℃, the temperature difference of different parts is large, and the heat product positions have certain difference, so that the heat efficiency can be reduced by directly mixing. The sintering waste heat of each temperature section of the exhaust funnel of the circular cooler is stored in the heat reservoir respectively, so that the exhaust funnel can be used at any time and flexibly taken on the premise of not wasting waste heat energy, and meanwhile, the temperature section required can be selected according to the requirement, and the limitation caused by the fact that a route is directly designed to utilize the waste heat in the traditional planning scheme is avoided.
Preferably, the flash chamber group comprises a plurality of stages of flash chambers connected in series in sequence, and a condensing pipe for exchanging heat with steam and a fresh water tank for collecting condensed water are arranged in each flash chamber; seawater enters the flash chamber group through the condensing pipe, after gradually exchanging heat with steam generated by flash evaporation, the seawater exchanges heat with the low-temperature section in the brine heater, and then enters the flash chamber group for gradual flash evaporation, and the steam generated by flash evaporation is collected in the fresh water tank after being condensed and exchanged heat through the condensing pipe. Seawater enters the flash chamber group to exchange heat with steam, and then exchanges heat with the low-temperature section through the brine heater, so that low-temperature waste heat of the annular cooler can be fully utilized, and the extra requirement on energy in the flash process can be reduced. The low-temperature seawater and each stage of flash chambers exchange heat step by step, namely the raw material is preheated, the use of cooling water or cooling liquid is saved, and the method has good economic benefit. Each grade of flash distillation chamber adopts the mode of establishing ties, and the condenser pipe loops through flash distillation chambers at different levels promptly, and the salt solution that the flash distillation produced also can communicate at flash distillation chamber bottom at different levels, can maximize product water, gathers to house steward discharge after the steam that the flash distillation produced flows into the fresh water groove under the cooling of condenser pipe, avoids receiving the pollution. The heat possessed by the residual heat for heating the seawater can directly influence the top temperature of the flash chamber group, and further can influence the seawater desalting performance of the multistage flash seawater desalting section. The comprehensive temperature of the low-temperature section (comprising the first low-temperature section and the second low-temperature section) is about 100-110 ℃, seawater can be preheated, the temperature of the seawater is raised to 130 ℃ (required in engineering) under the reinforcing effect of a small part of external electric energy (the part can be derived from electric power of a gas turbine combined cycle power generation section or external electric power selected according to actual conditions), then the seawater enters the flash chamber group for flash evaporation, the equipment performance of the flash chamber group is good in the temperature range, and the GOR (water generation ratio, fresh water generation amount/steam usage amount and mass ratio) is gradually increased along with the temperature rise, so that the seawater desalination is facilitated.
Preferably, the seawater and the steam in the condensing pipe adopt countercurrent stage-by-stage heat exchange. The heat exchange efficiency can be improved by adopting countercurrent heat exchange.
Preferably, the gas turbine power generation device comprises a gas compressor, a combustion chamber and a gas turbine which are connected in sequence, and the gas turbine is connected with the steam turbine cycle power generation device; air is compressed by the air compressor and then enters the combustion chamber to be mixed and combusted with gas, the gas mixture generated by combustion enables the gas turbine to do work, and the generated exhaust gas is combined with the high-temperature section and the medium-temperature section to be used as a heat source of the steam turbine cycle power generation device. The comprehensive temperature of the high-temperature section and the first medium-temperature section is about 350 ℃, and the temperature of the waste heat of the high-temperature section and the first medium-temperature section is combined with the temperature of exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine to heat the waste heat boiler, so that the waste heat boiler generates high-temperature high-pressure steam which can be used for power generation in engineering. Compared with the common gas turbine combined cycle power generation, the high-temperature waste heat of the circular cooler is additionally added to be used as a newly added heat source, so that the power generation performance can be improved to a certain extent, more electric power is generated, and part of the generated electric power can be used in a multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination section so that the seawater entering a flash evaporation chamber can fully reach the target temperature.
Preferably, the gas turbine power generation device further comprises a first generator, and the first generator is electrically connected with the gas turbine.
Preferably, the steam turbine cycle power generation device comprises a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine; the waste gas generated by the gas turbine power generation device is combined with the high-temperature section and the medium-temperature section to be used as a heat source of the waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler provides steam for the steam turbine to enable the steam turbine to do work and generate the waste gas, one part of the waste gas returns to the waste heat boiler through Rankine cycle, and the other part of the waste gas is combined with the medium-temperature section to be used for heating or refrigerating. Waste heat of the exhaust gas combination middle temperature section generated by the steam turbine can be further used as downstream heating or refrigeration, and combined supply of heat, heat and power is realized. The waste heat of the second medium-temperature section belongs to a medium-low temperature heat source, is suitable for providing heating or refrigeration for users in summer through a heat pump technology or a refrigeration technology, has a temperature close to the temperature of exhaust gas generated by a steam turbine, and can be jointly used.
Preferably, the steam turbine cycle power generation device further comprises a condenser and a feed pump, and the steam turbine sends exhaust gas back to the waste heat boiler through the condenser and the feed pump to realize Rankine cycle. And the waste heat boiler, the steam turbine, the condenser and the feed pump jointly realize Rankine cycle.
Preferably, the steam turbine cycle power plant further comprises a second generator, the second generator being electrically connected to the steam turbine.
The gas turbine combined cycle power generation section adopts a Rankine cycle circulation mode to generate power, so that the power generation efficiency can be improved, and the environmental pollution caused by coal burning is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the waste heat of the ring cooling machine is fully utilized through cascade utilization, specifically, the waste heat of the ring cooling machine is divided according to the temperature and is used for different purposes according to the corresponding temperature, and the waste heat of a low-temperature section can be used for preheating seawater in multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination; the waste heat of the high-temperature section and the exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine in the gas turbine combined cycle power generation can act on the waste heat boiler together, so as to drive the steam turbine to generate power; the waste heat of the medium-temperature section can be used for heating or refrigerating together with the exhaust gas generated by the steam turbine, and is provided for a lower-level user, so that combined supply of cold, heat and electricity is realized. Therefore, the system fully utilizes the waste heat of the circular cooler, uses the heat to the full extent, can realize water-electricity cogeneration and combined supply of cold, heat and electricity, and has wide application.
2. In the existing water and electricity cogeneration, a coal-fired thermal power plant usually generates electricity, and the electricity generation mode has low electricity generation efficiency and great pollution. The invention uses the low-temperature waste heat of the ring cooling machine in the multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination process, and simultaneously generates electricity by using the medium-temperature waste heat and the high-temperature waste heat of the ring cooling machine in a Rankine cycle circulating mode, thereby realizing a novel water and electricity co-production mode, not only realizing the effective utilization of the waste heat, but also improving the electricity generation efficiency by about 20 percent on the premise of ensuring the seawater desalination effect, and simultaneously reducing the pollution to the environment in the water and electricity co-production process.
3. The waste heat of the medium-low temperature waste gas discharged by the sintering circular cooler is extremely large, but the grade is low, and the key of energy conservation is to fully recycle the waste heat. The process of the invention recycles all waste heat of the circular cooler, has good energy utilization rate, and can effectively reduce energy consumption and waste of related processes. In addition, in the traditional engineering, the effective utilization of heat is usually realized by designing a waste heat utilization route, the heat cannot be easily changed, and the flexibility is poor.
4. The invention realizes a cold, hot, water and power cogeneration system which can generate electricity, produce water, heat and refrigerate by using waste heat of different grades generated by the circular cooler according to the high and low heat of the waste heat. The conditions of difficult utilization of industrial low-temperature waste heat and high seawater desalination cost can be effectively relieved, and the problems of seawater desalination technology shortage and electric power shortage in coastal regions can be solved, so that the method has practical significance and practical application value.
5. Compared with the conventional water and electricity cogeneration unit, the gas turbine combined cycle power generation system is more reliable in operation, high in availability (data shows that the data is about 90-95% and higher than that of coal-fired power generation of a common thermal power plant), and meanwhile, the coal consumption, the pollution and the power generation efficiency are also higher; and the multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination has the advantages of reliable operation, high safety, capability of utilizing low-grade waste heat and the like. Therefore, the two are combined, the operation reliability, the power generation efficiency and the generated energy can be improved on the conventional water-electricity cogeneration unit, and the low-grade waste heat can be fully utilized to realize the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the combined system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage flash seawater desalination section in a combined system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a combined cycle power generation section of a gas turbine in a combined system;
in the figure: 1-a heat reservoir; 101-low temperature section; 102-medium temperature section; 103-high temperature section; 1001-second low temperature section; 1002-a first low temperature section; 1003-second medium temperature section; 1004-a first intermediate temperature stage; 2-flash chamber group; 3-a brine heater; 4-a brine circulating pump; 5, an air compressor; 6-a combustion chamber; 7-a gas turbine; 8-a first generator; 9-a waste heat boiler; 10-a steam turbine; 11-a second generator; 12-a condenser; 13-water pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A multi-stage flash seawater desalination and gas turbine 7 combined cycle power generation system is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises a heat reservoir 1, a multi-stage flash seawater desalination section and a gas turbine 7 combined cycle power generation section;
the heat reservoir 1 comprises a high-temperature section 103, a medium-temperature section 102 and a low-temperature section 101, the low-temperature section 101 is connected with the multistage flash seawater desalination section, and the medium-temperature section 102 and the high-temperature section 103 are respectively connected with the combined cycle power generation section of the gas turbine 7;
the multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination section comprises a flash evaporation chamber group 2 and a brine heater 3 connected with the flash evaporation chamber group 2; the low temperature section 101 is a heat source of the brine heater 3; the seawater is subjected to heat exchange through the flash chamber group 2 and the brine heater 3 and then is desalinated;
the combined cycle power generation section of the gas turbine 7 comprises a gas turbine power generation device and a steam turbine cycle power generation device, exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine power generation device and the high-temperature section 103 are jointly used as a heat source of the steam turbine cycle power generation device, and the exhaust gas combined medium-temperature section 102 generated by the steam turbine cycle power generation device is used for heating or refrigerating.
More specifically, in the present embodiment:
the whole system comprises a heat reservoir 1, a gas turbine 7 combined cycle power generation section and a multi-stage flash seawater desalination section.
1. The heat reservoir 1 comprises 5 parts of heat storage sections, a high-temperature section 103 stores waste heat of high-temperature sintering of a No. 1 exhaust funnel in a high-temperature section 103 of the circular cooler, the temperature is about 450 ℃, a first intermediate-temperature section 1004 stores waste heat of sintering of a No. 2 exhaust funnel in a medium-temperature section 102 of the circular cooler, the temperature is about 315 ℃, a second intermediate-temperature section 1003 stores waste heat of sintering of a No. 3 exhaust funnel in the medium-temperature section 102 of the circular cooler, the temperature is about 220 ℃, a first low-temperature section 1002 stores waste heat of sintering of a No. 4 exhaust funnel in a low-temperature section 101 of the circular cooler, the temperature is about 150 ℃, and a second low-temperature section 1001 stores waste heat of sintering of a No. 5 exhaust funnel in a low-temperature section 101 of the circular cooler, and the temperature is about 80 ℃.
2. As shown in fig. 3, the gas turbine 7 combined cycle power plant is composed of a gas turbine power plant and a steam turbine cycle power plant. The gas turbine power generation device consists of four parts, namely a compressor 5, a combustion chamber 6, a gas turbine 7 and a first generator 8. The normal temperature air firstly enters the centrifugal compressor 5, is compressed to a certain pressure and then is sent to the combustion chamber 6, and meanwhile, natural gas is sprayed into the combustion chamber 6 through the oil sprayer to be mixed with the compressed air for combustion to generate high temperature gas. Then the high temperature gas is mixed with the cooling air infiltrated through the passage of the combustion chamber 6, and the mixture is cooled to a proper temperature and then enters the gas turbine 7 to expand, and a high speed airflow is formed in the pipeline. Then, the thrust is formed by rushing into a channel formed by moving blades fixed on the rotor to push the blades, so that the rotor rotates to output mechanical power to drive the first generator 8 to generate electricity. The exhaust steam discharged from the gas turbine 7 is combined with the medium-high temperature exhaust gas heat of the high temperature section 103 and the first medium temperature section 1004, and enters the waste heat boiler 9 to heat water, and superheated steam is generated and enters the steam turbine cycle power generation device. The steam turbine circulating power generation device consists of a waste heat boiler 9, a steam turbine 10, a condenser 12, a feed water pump 13 and a second generator 11. High-temperature and high-pressure steam generated from the waste heat boiler 9 expands in the steam turbine 10 to do work and drives the second generator 11 to generate power, exhaust steam which does work in the steam turbine 10 enters the condenser 12 to be condensed into liquid working medium, and the liquid working medium is pressurized by the water feeding pump 13 and is sent into the waste heat boiler 9 to absorb heat, so that medium-low temperature waste heat steam Rankine cycle power generation is realized. Part of the exhaust steam discharged from the steam turbine 10 is used for heating and refrigerating in combination with the medium-temperature exhaust gas heat in the second medium-temperature section 1003, and is provided for a lower user, so that combined supply of cooling, heating and power is realized.
3. As shown in fig. 2, the multi-stage flash seawater desalination (MSF) system mainly comprises a flash chamber group 2 (a plurality of flash chambers are connected in series, and the number of flash chambers specifically arranged can be adjusted according to actual conditions, in this embodiment, the flash chamber group 2 composed of 7 stages of flash chambers connected in series as shown in fig. 2, a brine heater 3, and a brine circulating pump 4 are adopted. Raw material seawater firstly enters a heat discharge section (a tail end 2-stage flash chamber of a flash chamber group 2) to be used for condensing steam generated in the flash chamber, the heat of the steam comes from waste gas of No. 4 and No. 5 exhaust pipes in a low-temperature section 101 of a circular cooler (waste heat of a first low-temperature section 1002 and a second low-temperature section 1001), and the seawater is heated by the temperature of the waste heat. Most of the seawater from the hot discharge section returns to the sea, and the rest part is mixed with the partial circulating brine in the final stage of the hot discharge section; and then sent to a condensation pipe of a last-stage flash chamber (a last-stage flash chamber after removing the 2-stage flash chamber of the heat discharge section, namely, the last-stage flash chamber is equivalent to the 5 th-stage flash chamber of the flash chamber group 2 in the embodiment) of the heat recovery section through a brine circulating pump 4, and the steam flashed out from each flash chamber is sequentially condensed along the direction opposite to the flowing direction of the flashed brine, and is gradually heated. After the circulating brine comes out from the condensation pipe of the 1 st-stage flash evaporation chamber, the circulating brine enters the brine heater 3 and is further heated to about 130 ℃ by waste heat of waste gas from the low-temperature section 101 and partial electric power generated by the steam turbine 10, then the circulating brine enters the lower part of the 1 st-stage flash evaporation chamber (the part for flash evaporation in the flash evaporation chamber), the circulating brine starts to flash by stages, the steam flashed out is condensed, and then the circulating brine enters the fresh water tank below the condensation pipe to become product water.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system is characterized by comprising a heat reservoir (1), a multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination section and a gas turbine combined cycle power generation section;
the heat reservoir (1) comprises a high-temperature section (103), a medium-temperature section (102) and a low-temperature section (101), wherein the low-temperature section (101) is connected with a multistage flash seawater desalination section, and the high-temperature section (103) and the medium-temperature section (102) are connected with a gas turbine combined cycle power generation section;
the multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination section comprises a flash evaporation chamber group (2) and a brine heater (3) connected with the flash evaporation chamber group (2); the low-temperature section (101) is a heat source of the brine heater (3); the seawater exchanges heat through the flash chamber group (2) and the brine heater (3) and is desalinated;
the gas turbine combined cycle power generation section comprises a gas turbine power generation device and a steam turbine combined cycle power generation device, a waste gas combined high-temperature section (103) and a medium-temperature section (102) which are generated by the gas turbine power generation device are jointly used as a heat source of the steam turbine combined cycle power generation device, and the waste gas combined medium-temperature section (102) which is generated by the steam turbine combined cycle power generation device is used for heating or refrigerating.
2. The multi-stage flash desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the high temperature section (103) is 420-480 ℃; the medium-temperature section (102) comprises a first medium-temperature section (1004) and a second medium-temperature section (1003), wherein the temperature of the first medium-temperature section (1004) is 290-330 ℃, and the temperature of the second medium-temperature section (1003) is 180-230 ℃; the low-temperature section (101) comprises a first low-temperature section (1002) and a second low-temperature section (1001), the temperature of the first low-temperature section (1002) is 120-180 ℃, and the temperature of the second low-temperature section (1001) is 60-100 ℃.
3. The multi-stage flash desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 2, wherein the temperature of the high temperature section (1004) is 450 ℃ and the temperature of the first intermediate temperature section (1003) is 315 ℃; the temperature of the second medium-temperature section (102) is 220 ℃; the temperature of the first low-temperature section (1002) is 150 ℃, and the temperature of the second low-temperature section (1001) is 80 ℃.
4. The multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 1, wherein the flash evaporation chamber set (2) comprises a plurality of flash evaporation chambers connected in series in sequence, and the flash evaporation chambers are provided with condensation pipes for exchanging heat with steam and a fresh water tank for collecting condensed water; seawater enters the flash chamber group (2) through the condensing pipe, after gradually exchanging heat with steam generated by flash evaporation, the seawater exchanges heat with the low-temperature section (101) in the brine heater (3), then enters the flash chamber group (2) for gradual flash evaporation, and the steam generated by flash evaporation is collected in the fresh water tank after condensation heat exchange through the condensing pipe.
5. The multi-stage flash desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 4, wherein the seawater and steam in the condenser tube are subjected to counter-current stage-by-stage heat exchange.
6. The multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 1, wherein the gas turbine power generation device comprises a compressor (5), a combustion chamber (6) and a gas turbine (7) which are connected in sequence, and the gas turbine (7) is connected with a steam turbine cycle power generation device; air is compressed by the air compressor (5) and then enters the combustion chamber (6) to be mixed and combusted with gas, mixed gas generated by combustion enables the gas turbine (7) to do work, and generated exhaust gas is combined with the high-temperature section (103) and the medium-temperature section (102) to be used as a heat source of the steam turbine cycle power generation device.
7. The multi-stage flash desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 6, wherein the gas turbine power plant further comprises a first generator (8), the first generator (8) being electrically connected to the gas turbine (7).
8. The multi-stage flash desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 1, wherein the steam turbine cycle power generation unit comprises a waste heat boiler (9) and a steam turbine (10); the waste gas generated by the gas turbine power generation device is combined with the high-temperature section (103) and the medium-temperature section (102) to be used as a heat source of the waste heat boiler (9), the waste heat boiler (9) provides steam for the steam turbine (10), the steam turbine (10) does work and generates waste gas, one part of the waste gas returns to the waste heat boiler (9) through Rankine cycle, and the other part of the waste gas is combined with the medium-temperature section (102) to be used for heating or refrigerating.
9. The multi-stage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 8, wherein the steam turbine cycle power generation device further comprises a condenser (12) and a feed water pump (13), and the steam turbine (10) returns the exhaust gas to the exhaust heat boiler (9) through the condenser (12) and the feed water pump (13) to realize Rankine cycle.
10. The multi-stage flash desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system of claim 8, wherein the steam turbine cycle power plant further comprises a second generator (11), the second generator (11) being electrically connected to the steam turbine (10).
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| CN202210183920.6A CN115231642A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and gas turbine combined cycle power generation system |
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