CN115229149B - Continuous casting billet shell/liquid core thickness and solidification end point determining method based on crystallizer liquid level fluctuation in pressing process - Google Patents
Continuous casting billet shell/liquid core thickness and solidification end point determining method based on crystallizer liquid level fluctuation in pressing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115229149B CN115229149B CN202210731038.0A CN202210731038A CN115229149B CN 115229149 B CN115229149 B CN 115229149B CN 202210731038 A CN202210731038 A CN 202210731038A CN 115229149 B CN115229149 B CN 115229149B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the thickness and solidification end point of a continuous casting blank shell/liquid core based on the fluctuation of the liquid level of a crystallizer in the pressing process. The invention applies larger mechanical depressing deformation to the thickness direction of the casting blank with the liquid core by adopting the casting roller, extrudes the non-solidified molten steel in the core part of the casting blank to flow towards the crystallizer, thereby increasing the fluctuation degree of the liquid level in the crystallizer, and calculates the thickness of the blank shell/liquid core and the solidification end position at the depressing position according to the fluctuation value variation of the liquid level of the crystallizer, which is obviously different from the prior patent technical method. Compared with the existing patent technology, the method has the advantages of good universality of steel types, no additional equipment investment, simple and convenient measurement and data processing, high measurement accuracy and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for determining thickness and solidification end point of a continuous casting billet shell/liquid core based on liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer in a pressing process.
Background
In the continuous casting process, the shell thickness, the liquid core thickness and the solidification end position of the casting blank belong to important solidification morphology features of the continuous casting blank, and accurately mastering the solidification morphology features is a key basis for evaluating continuous casting safety and optimizing secondary cooling water distribution, mechanical pressing of a solidification end, electromagnetic stirring of a secondary cooling area and an end electromagnetic stirring process.
At present, the technology for measuring the solidification morphology features of the continuous casting billets is mainly divided into four types: (1) Determining the solidification end position of the casting blank based on the pressure change rule of the casting blank in the rolling process; (2) Judging the thickness of the shell according to the internal quality defect position of the casting blank; (3) determining the solidification morphology of the casting blank through the oscillation excitation signal; and (4) marking the solidification end position of the casting blank by using a tracer.
In the technical aspect of the first kind of patent, CN 101890488A discloses a method for determining the solidification end position of a liquid core of a continuous casting blank, which adopts the change of the compaction force detected by the pressure sensors at the inlet and outlet positions of a sector section to estimate the solidification end point range of the casting blank; CN 104493121A discloses an online detection method for the solidification end position in the continuous casting production process of large square billets, based on the measured billet shell thickness in the nail shooting test and the compaction force detected by the pressure sensor at different rolling reduction, a quantitative relation between the billet shell thickness, rolling reduction and compaction force is established, and based on the quantitative relation and the measured compaction force of the withdrawal and straightening machine in the casting process, the billet shell thickness can be determined; CN 203944811U discloses a device for detecting the solidification end position of a bloom continuous casting billet, which determines the solidification end position of the casting billet according to the position where pressure surge occurs when casting billets are applied to different casting flow positions. In the technical aspect of the second kind of patent, CN 112371936A discloses a method and a system for calculating a continuous casting solidification end point, which take a white bright band generated during electromagnetic stirring as a blank shell/liquid core boundary, and can determine the thickness of the blank shell at the electromagnetic stirring position by measuring the distance between the white bright band and the surface of a casting blank; CN 112784367A discloses a method for estimating the thickness of a shell at the position of a continuous casting roll row and the solidification end of a casting machine, wherein a punctiform crack on a low power of a casting blank is regarded as a solid/liquid interface of the casting blank, and the thickness of the shell is determined by measuring the distance between the punctiform crack and the edge of the casting blank. In the third technical aspect, CN 107363230A discloses a method for detecting the liquid phase fraction and the solidification end of a continuous casting billet on line, which deforms the inner cavity area of the casting billet through an oscillation excitation device, and further detects the liquid phase fraction and the solidification end position of the casting billet by combining with a crystallizer liquid level fluctuation signal; CN 102500747A discloses a system and method for detecting the solid phase inner boundary and the solidification end position of a continuous casting billet on line, electromagnetic ultrasonic wave is applied to the thickness direction of the casting billet, and the solidification morphology feature of the casting billet is estimated by analyzing the waveform change rule when the ultrasonic wave passes through the casting billet; CN103048242 a discloses a method for detecting solid phase ratio and solidification end of a continuous casting slab, which detects the solid phase ratio and solidification end position of the casting slab based on strain, stress load, stress/strain phase difference, dynamic modulus and the like of elastic deformation of the casting slab after oscillation excitation is applied. The fourth type of method mainly adopts a tracer to mark the solidification end point position. CN 112207246A discloses a method for determining the solidification end point of a square billet, which comprises the steps of pouring molten lead liquid into a casting blank at the end of casting, marking a solid/liquid interface of the casting blank by using the lead liquid as a tracer, and determining the solidification end point position of the casting blank.
Although the four methods can realize measurement or estimation of the solidification morphology of the casting blank, the four methods have obvious defects. For the first type of method, along with the change of the steel grade components, the deformation rules of stress, strain and the like of the blank shell under the same deformation are obviously changed, so that the pressure-reduction relation has no universality, and the applicability of the method is limited to a certain extent; the second method uses white bright bands and punctiform cracks as solid/liquid interface positions, however, the defects usually occur in a strip-shaped region with a certain thickness and are not linear, so that the solid/liquid interface positions are difficult to accurately calibrate, and the measured solidification morphology features are poor in accuracy. The third type of method needs to add oscillation excitation equipment, so that the measurement cost is obviously increased, and meanwhile, the measurement and processing processes of the oscillation excitation signals are complex, so that the measurement period is greatly prolonged; the fourth method needs to add molten lead liquid into the casting blank as a tracer, which can affect the molten steel components, reduce the steel quality and affect the yield of the casting blank. In summary, the existing patent technology method has certain defects in the aspects of measurement cost, accuracy, universality and timeliness.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem, a method for determining the thickness and solidification end point of a continuous casting billet shell/liquid core based on the fluctuation of the liquid level of a crystallizer in the pressing process is provided. The invention applies larger mechanical depressing deformation to the thickness direction of the casting blank with the liquid core by adopting the casting roller, extrudes the non-solidified molten steel in the core part of the casting blank to flow towards the crystallizer, thereby increasing the fluctuation degree of the liquid level in the crystallizer, and calculates the thickness of the blank shell/liquid core and the solidification end position at the depressing position according to the fluctuation value variation of the liquid level of the crystallizer, which is obviously different from the prior patent technical method. Compared with the existing patent technology, the method has the advantages of good universality of steel types, no additional equipment investment, simple and convenient measurement and data processing, high measurement accuracy and the like. The invention adopts the following technical means:
a method for determining thickness and solidification end point of continuous casting billet shell/liquid core based on liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer in a pressing process comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring an average liquid level fluctuation value when no pressure is applied in a stable casting stage through a crystallizer liquid level detection system;
step 2, acquiring a liquid level average fluctuation value in the pressing process of the effective pressing roller through a crystallizer liquid level detection system;
step 3, determining the thickness of a casting blank liquid core at the position of the reduction roller based on the reduction parameters of the effective reduction roller, the average liquid level fluctuation value obtained in the step 1 when no reduction is applied, the average liquid level fluctuation value obtained in the step 2 in the reduction process of the effective reduction roller and the casting blank parameters;
step 4, determining the thickness of the shell at the effective reduction roller position based on casting blank parameters and the thickness of the casting blank liquid core;
and 5, determining the solidification end position of the casting blank based on the thickness of the liquid core at the position of the effective reduction roll gap meniscus distance l.
Further, the acquired casting blank parameters comprise a casting blank cross section width a and a casting blank cross section thickness b.
Further, in the step 2, it is determined whether the pressing roller is an effective pressing roller by the following method:
in the stable casting process, a pressing roller is adopted to mechanically press the casting blank at a constant speed in the thickness direction, the pressing amount in the pressing process is R, and the duration time of the pressing process is t;
r and t are required to meet the requirement of a formula (1);
recording average liquid level fluctuation F of crystallizer in pressing process R When F R When the formula (2) is satisfied, the reduction roll is considered to be an effective reduction roll, the reduction is effective, if the average liquid level of the crystallizer fluctuates F during the reduction R If the formula (2) is not satisfied, selecting other casting rolls to re-perform the pressing attempt by adopting the pressing amount R and the pressing time t which satisfy the formula (1) until the effective pressing rolls are determined;
further, in step 3, the determined effective reduction rolls, the same reduction amount R and the same reduction time t are continuously subjected to multiple times of reduction on the casting blank, after each reduction is finished, the reduction amount is reduced to 0mm, the next reduction is performed, and the average fluctuation value F of the liquid level of the crystallizer in each reduction process is recorded R1 、 F R2 …F RN Determining the average liquid level fluctuation mean F of the crystallizer in the process of multiple times of pressing Ra 。
Further, in step 3, the casting blank liquid core thickness H of the reduction roll position is determined by calculation according to the following formula:
further, in step 4, the shell thickness S at the effective depressing roller position is determined by the following formula:
further, in step 5, the solidification end position L of the cast slab is determined by the following formula 0 ：
The invention provides a method for determining the thickness and solidification end point of a continuous casting blank shell/liquid core based on the fluctuation of the liquid level of a crystallizer in the pressing process. The method accurately determines the thickness of the shell/core of the casting blank, solves the problems of the existing patent method in the aspects of accuracy, universality and timeliness, and provides a key basis for optimizing casting blank quality regulation and control processes such as solidification end depressing and electromagnetic stirring, so as to improve the quality defect of the continuous casting blank.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the solidification morphology and the reduction process of a casting blank according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment discloses a method for determining thickness and solidification end point of a continuous casting billet shell/liquid core based on liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer in a pressing process, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring an average liquid level fluctuation value when no pressure is applied in a stable casting stage through a crystallizer liquid level detection system; according to the casting working condition, determining relevant production parameters, wherein the obtained casting blank parameters comprise a casting blank cross section width a and a casting blank cross section thickness b, and an average liquid level fluctuation value F detected by a crystallizer liquid level detection system when no pressure is applied in a stable casting stage 0 . Wherein the method comprises the steps ofa、b、F 0 Are all in mm.
Step 2, acquiring a liquid level average fluctuation value in the pressing process of the effective pressing roller through a crystallizer liquid level detection system;
specifically, in the stable casting process, mechanical rolling is carried out on the casting blank at a constant speed in the thickness direction by adopting a rolling roller, the rolling reduction in the rolling process is R(s), and the duration in the rolling process is t(s);
r and t are required to meet the requirement of a formula (1);
recording average liquid level fluctuation F of crystallizer in pressing process R (in mm), when F R When the formula (2) is satisfied, the reduction rolls are considered to be effective reduction rolls, the reduction process is effective, and the effective reduction roll gap meniscus distance l (in mm) and the radius r (in mm) thereof are determined according to the casting roll train layout. If the average liquid level of the crystallizer fluctuates F in the pressing process R If the formula (2) is not satisfied, selecting other casting rolls to re-perform the pressing attempt by adopting the pressing amount R and the pressing time t which satisfy the formula (1) until the effective pressing rolls are determined;
step 3, determining the thickness of a casting blank liquid core at the position of the reduction roller based on the reduction parameters of the effective reduction roller, the average liquid level fluctuation value obtained in the step 1 when no reduction is applied, the average liquid level fluctuation value obtained in the step 2 in the reduction process of the effective reduction roller and the casting blank parameters;
specifically, the determined effective reduction rolls, the same reduction amount R and the same reduction time t are used for continuously implementing multiple times of reduction on the casting blank, after each time of reduction is completed, the reduction amount is reduced to 0mm, the next reduction is implemented, and the average fluctuation value F of the liquid level of the crystallizer in each reduction process is recorded R1 、F R2 …F RN Determining the average liquid level fluctuation mean F of the crystallizer in the process of multiple times of pressing Ra 。
In the embodiment, three times of pressing are continuously carried out on a casting blank, and the average liquid level fluctuation mean value F of a crystallizer in the three times of pressing process is calculated and determined by adopting the method (3) Ra ；
And 4, calculating and determining the thickness H of the casting blank liquid core at the position of the reduction roller through the following formula:
before the casting blank is completely solidified in the continuous casting process, the cross section of the casting blank can be divided into a solidified blank shell and an unset liquid core area, the liquid core thickness H is calculated and determined by the casting blank thickness b and the step (5), and the blank shell thickness S (unit is mm) of the effective reduction roll position can be determined by adopting the formula (5);
in the continuous casting process, the thickness of the shell is in direct proportion to the square root of casting time, so the solidification end point position L of the casting blank can be determined by adopting the formula (6) based on the thickness H of the liquid core at the position of the effective reduction roll gap meniscus distance L and the thickness b of the casting blank 0 (mm)。
Example 1
The embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the in-situ casting working condition, determining relevant production parameters, wherein the cross section width a=420 mm of the casting blank, the cross section thickness b=320 mm of the casting blank, and the average liquid level fluctuation F detected by a crystallizer liquid level detection system when no pressure is applied in the stable casting stage 0 ＝6.1mm。
(2) In the stable casting process, a casting roll of a withdrawal and straightening machine with the distance l=20000 mm from a meniscus is adopted to apply pressure to a casting blank, the pressure reduction amount R=12 mm, the pressure reduction time t=1.5 s, and the R and t meet the requirement of a formula (1).
(3) Average crystallizer level fluctuation F recorded during pressing R ＝6.4mm，F R Satisfying the formula (2), the selected reduction rolls are effective, and the test can be performed by using the reduction rolls, and the radius r=300 mm of the effective reduction rolls is determined according to the roll train layout of the casting machine.
(4) Continuously applying 3 times of pressing to the casting blank by adopting the effective pressing roller determined in the step (3), wherein the pressing amount R is 12mm each time, the pressing process time t is 1.5s each time, the pressing amount is reduced to 0mm after the pressing is finished each time, the next pressing is performed, and the average fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer in the three pressing processes is recorded to be F R1 ＝6.3mm、F R2 ＝6.4、F R3 =6.2mm, further determining the mean value F of the mean level fluctuation of the crystallizer in the process of three times of pressure reduction by adopting the calculation of (3) ra ＝6.3mm。
(5) Based on the data determined in steps (1) to (4), the liquid core thickness h=59.7 mm at the position of the pressing roller at the meniscus distance l=20000 mm is determined by calculation using formula (4).
(6) Before the casting blank is completely solidified in the continuous casting process, the cross section of the casting blank can be divided into a solidified blank shell and an uncured liquid core area, the thickness b=320 mm of the casting blank is equal to the thickness H=59.7 mm of the liquid core determined in the step (5), and in the actual production process, the cooling strength of the upper surface and the lower surface of the casting blank is equal, so that the thickness S= 130.15mm of the blank shell at the position of a reduction roll with the distance l=20000 mm can be determined by adopting the formula (5).
(7) In the continuous casting process, the thickness of the shell is in direct proportion to the square root of casting time, so that the solidification end position L of the casting blank can be calculated and determined by adopting the formula (6) based on the liquid core thickness H=59.7 mm at the position of the effective reduction roll gap meniscus distance l=20000 mm and the casting blank thickness b=320 mm 0 ＝30236mm。
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for determining the thickness and solidification end point of the continuous casting billet shell/liquid core based on the fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer in the pressing process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, acquiring an average liquid level fluctuation value when no pressure is applied in a stable casting stage through a crystallizer liquid level detection system;
step 2, acquiring a liquid level average fluctuation value in the pressing process of the effective pressing roller through a crystallizer liquid level detection system;
step 3, determining the thickness of a casting blank liquid core at the position of the reduction roller based on the reduction parameters of the effective reduction roller, the average liquid level fluctuation value obtained in the step 1 when no reduction is applied, the average liquid level fluctuation value obtained in the step 2 in the reduction process of the effective reduction roller and the casting blank parameters;
step 4, determining the thickness of the shell at the effective reduction roller position based on casting blank parameters and the thickness of the casting blank liquid core;
step 5, determining the solidification end point position of the casting blank based on the thickness of the liquid core at the position of the effective reduction roll gap meniscus distance l;
the obtained casting blank parameters comprise a casting blank cross section width a and a casting blank cross section thickness b;
in the step 2, it is determined whether the pressing roller is an effective pressing roller by the following method:
in the stable casting process, a pressing roller is adopted to mechanically press the casting blank at a constant speed in the thickness direction, the pressing amount in the pressing process is R, and the duration time of the pressing process is t;
r and t are required to meet the requirement of a formula (1);
recording average liquid level fluctuation F of crystallizer in pressing process R When F R If the formula (2) is satisfied, the reduction rolls are considered to be effective reduction rolls, the reduction process is effective, the effective reduction roll gap meniscus distance l and the radius r thereof are determined according to the casting roll row layout, and if the average liquid level fluctuation F of the crystallizer in the reduction process R If the formula (2) is not satisfied, selecting other casting rolls to re-perform the pressing attempt by adopting the pressing amount R and the pressing time t which satisfy the formula (1) until the effective pressing rolls are determined;
in the step 3, the determined effective reduction rolls, the same reduction amount R and the reduction time t are continuously used for carrying out multiple times of reduction on the casting blank, after each time of reduction is finished, the reduction amount is reduced to 0mm, the next reduction is carried out, and the average fluctuation value F of the liquid level of the crystallizer in each reduction process is recorded R1 、F R2 …F RN Determining the average liquid level fluctuation mean F of the crystallizer in the process of multiple times of pressing Ra ；
Calculating and determining the average liquid level fluctuation mean F of the crystallizer in the process of three times of pressure by adopting the step (3) Ra ；
In the step 3, the casting blank liquid core thickness H of the position of the reduction roller is calculated and determined according to the following formula:
in step 4, the shell thickness S at the effective depressing roller position is determined by the following formula:
in step 5, the solidification end position L of the casting blank is determined by the following formula 0 ：
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