CN115218252A - Intelligent efficient heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply - Google Patents
Intelligent efficient heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN115218252A CN115218252A CN202210811310.6A CN202210811310A CN115218252A CN 115218252 A CN115218252 A CN 115218252A CN 202210811310 A CN202210811310 A CN 202210811310A CN 115218252 A CN115218252 A CN 115218252A
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
- F24D3/1058—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system disposition of pipes and pipe connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/04—Sensors
- F24D2220/044—Flow sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/04—Sensors
- F24D2220/046—Pressure sensors
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heating equipment, heating systems and intelligent control, and provides an intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heating, which comprises a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit, wherein the heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat of a primary side circulation loop and a secondary side circulation loop; wherein the primary side circulation circuit: the primary side of the heat exchanger is connected with an evaporator of the heat pump unit in series, and heat of a heat source plant transmitted directly or through a relay heat exchange station is firstly transmitted to the primary side of the heat exchanger through an urban heat supply pipe network and then flows back after passing through the evaporator of the heat pump unit; secondary side circulation loop: the secondary side of the heat exchanger is connected with a condenser of the heat pump unit in series or in parallel, and heat is supplied to the tail end of a user through a secondary circulation pipe network. The invention realizes the great improvement of the conveying capacity of the urban pipe network, realizes the deep transfer of the waste heat recovery of the heat source plant, deeply utilizes the high-grade and low-grade waste heat, and has great popularization value for urban heat supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heating equipment, heating systems and intelligent control, in particular to an intelligent efficient heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heating.
Background
The waste heat and the waste heat exist in the life and production activities of people in large quantities, for example, in the current industries of boilers, steel mills, chemical industry and the like, and a lot of process waste heat exists. Among the waste heat, for high-grade waste heat (high-temperature heat source), people only carry out simple direct heat exchange and recovery at present; for low-grade waste heat (low-temperature heat source), the pump is simply heated for recycling, the optimal working condition of the heat pump is not considered, and the defects that the low-grade heat is not recycled thoroughly, the recycling energy consumption is high, the service life of the heat pump system is short and the like are caused. In addition, the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source are separately recovered, so that the defects of large occupied area, complex system operation and maintenance, low efficiency and the like are caused.
In a standard heating system, a heat source is conveyed to each residential area heat exchange station through a primary pipe network system, and low-temperature water is generated to enter a secondary pipe network after heat exchange of the heat exchange stations so as to be used by residential users. Resident users distribute in different regions, different buildings, different units and different floors in the residential area, so that the secondary pipe network heat supply system is ensured to provide proper heat for all users, and the heating requirement is met. And often this moment, to the resident user in same region, because current heat supply pipeline network is the tandem structure a bit, the inlet channel needs be by nearest to furthest heat supply to lead to the heat supply temperature of the user of the most advanced water to obviously be higher than the heat supply temperature of the last user of intaking, cause the uneven phenomenon of heat supply to appear. At present, in order to solve the problem of uneven heat supply, the heat supply pipeline of the series structure is generally transformed into the heat supply pipeline of the parallel structure, so that the purpose of uniform heat supply is realized, the workload of the pipeline transformation method is huge, each user needs to be matched, the cost is high, and the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply, which comprises a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit, wherein the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit are used for exchanging heat of a primary side circulation loop and a secondary side circulation loop; wherein,
a primary-side circulation circuit: the method comprises the following steps that the primary side of a heat exchanger is connected with an evaporator of a heat pump unit in series, heat of a heat source plant is firstly sent to the primary side of the heat exchanger through an urban heat supply pipe network, and then flows back through the evaporator of the heat pump unit;
secondary side circulation loop: the secondary side of the heat exchanger is connected with a condenser of the heat pump unit in parallel, and heat is supplied to the tail end of a user through a secondary circulation pipe network.
Optionally, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger is arranged in the flue gas discharge channel of the heat source plant; wherein,
the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected into the primary side circulation loop; the primary side fluid medium circularly flows in the primary side circulation loop for heat transmission under the driving of the primary side circulation pump, and the primary side fluid medium flows back to a heat source plant for heat absorption after passing through an evaporator of the heat pump unit and then flows to the primary side of the heat exchanger;
or,
the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to a zero-number circulation pipe network; the method comprises the steps that a relay heat exchange station is arranged as a heat exchange facility of a zero-number circulation pipe network and a primary side circulation loop, the zero-number circulation pipe network is driven by a circulation pump to convey heat of a heat source plant to a heat source side of the relay heat exchange station, the primary side of the relay heat exchange station is connected into the primary side circulation loop, and the zero-number circulation pipe network and the primary side circulation loop exchange heat at the relay heat exchange station to transmit the heat to a primary side fluid medium.
Optionally, the heat pump units all include a refrigerant cycle, the refrigerant cycle includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator connected in sequence, and the refrigerant returns to the compressor from the evaporator to form a closed loop in which the refrigerant flows;
the evaporator is used as a primary side and is connected with the primary side of the heat exchanger in series; the condenser is connected to a secondary circulation pipe network in parallel or series connection with the secondary side of the heat exchanger as the secondary side, and the secondary circulation pipe network supplies heat to the tail end of a user through a secondary circulation water pump;
the heat pump units comprise a plurality of heat pump units, and evaporators of the heat pump units are used as primary sides and are mutually connected in parallel or sequentially connected in series; the condensers of the heat pump units are connected in parallel or in series as secondary sides.
Optionally, the heat exchangers are multiple, primary sides of the heat exchangers are mutually connected in parallel or sequentially connected in series, and secondary sides of the heat exchangers are mutually connected in parallel or connected in series;
the primary side and the secondary side of the same heat exchanger are connected in a countercurrent mode.
Optionally, the user end of the secondary circulation pipe network is configured with a hydraulic balance controller, and the hydraulic balance controller is used for controlling the flow of the user end;
the hydraulic balance controller has continuously adjustable opening, namely the opening adjusting range is 0-100%.
Optionally, the system further comprises an intelligent main control device and a data collector, wherein the intelligent main control device is electrically connected with the data collector and the heat pump unit respectively;
the data acquisition unit is connected with a plurality of temperature sensors and pressure sensors, the temperature sensors are used for detecting the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the primary side circulation loop and the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the secondary side circulation loop, and the pressure sensors are used for detecting the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the primary side circulation loop and the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the secondary side circulation loop;
the intelligent main control equipment controls the heat pump unit according to the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the primary side, the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the secondary side, the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the primary side and the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the secondary side, and controls the water flow of the heat pump unit through the flow regulating valve.
Optionally, the intelligent main control device is connected with an internet of things gateway, the internet of things gateway is connected with a cloud server, and the cloud server is connected with the remote terminal device.
Optionally, the user terminal is provided with a terminal controller and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature, the terminal controller is respectively connected with the temperature sensor and the hydraulic balance controller, and the terminal controller is connected with the cloud server by using an internet of things gateway;
the cloud server is provided with a terminal regulation and control model, and the regulation and control strategy of the terminal regulation and control model is as follows: when the difference value between the indoor temperature of the user terminal and the average room temperature of each user terminal exceeds a preset error range, if the difference value is a negative value, the cloud server increases the flow of the user terminal through the hydraulic balance controller according to the difference value, and if the difference value is a positive value, the cloud server reduces the flow of the user terminal through the hydraulic balance controller according to the difference value.
Optionally, the intelligent master control device includes:
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the real-time data transmitted by the data acquisition unit;
the positioning module is used for determining the geographical position of the system;
the elevation searching module is used for searching and inquiring local elevation data through a network according to the geographic position determined by the positioning module;
the compensation module is used for compensating the preprocessed real-time data according to the altitude data;
and the storage module is used for storing the compensated real-time data.
Optionally, the data collector is connected with a current sensor and a plurality of flow sensors, the flow sensors are respectively installed on the heat exchanger and a secondary side pipeline of the heat pump unit, and the current sensor is used for measuring the current of the heat pump unit;
flow regulating valves are arranged on secondary side pipelines of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit and connected with intelligent main control equipment;
the intelligent main control equipment adjusts the flow distribution of the heat exchanger and the secondary side of the heat pump unit through a flow adjusting valve;
the intelligent main control equipment determines secondary side flow data of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit when the power consumption of the heat pump unit is minimum according to a preset algorithm by combining a primary side inlet water temperature and a primary side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit according to the current of the heat pump unit and the secondary side flow of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, controls the opening of a flow regulating valve by adopting the secondary side flow data of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, and controls the heat pump unit to operate under the optimal working condition.
The intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply adopts the combination of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, transfers the heat in hot water or steam from a heat source plant in the primary side circulation loop to the secondary side circulation loop, and transmits the heat to the tail end of a user through the secondary side circulation loop for heating the indoor space of the user; the heat exchanger and the primary side of the heat pump unit are connected in series, hot water or steam from a heat source plant is firstly sent to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with a part of secondary side media, and formed low-waste-heat primary side hot water is sent to an evaporator of the heat pump unit; the primary side water temperature from the evaporator of the heat pump unit is low, and the primary side water temperature can be returned to a heat source plant to cool equipment of the heat pump unit; this scheme has realized the hot water of heat source factory or the thermal degree of depth of steam shifts, and the make full use of that high, low-grade waste heat all obtained for the cooling water that heat source factory needs can recycle, and the hot water of having avoided heat source factory or the heat of steam are discharged the waste of heat that leads to under the not enough condition of roll-out, have improved heat exchange efficiency.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent and efficient heat exchange system for energy-saving heating in a city according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary side series structure of a plurality of heat pump units in an embodiment of the intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a primary side parallel connection structure of a plurality of heat pump units in an embodiment of the intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent efficient heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply according to the present invention, in which a primary-side circulation loop is used to directly recover waste heat of flue gas discharged from a chimney of a heat source plant;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent and efficient heat exchange system for energy-saving heating in cities according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a waste heat recovery heat exchanger is used to transfer the recovered waste heat of the exhaust gas from a chimney of a heat source plant to a primary side circulation loop through a relay heat exchange station;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an application embodiment of the intelligent efficient heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heating of the invention;
fig. 7 is a control schematic diagram adopted by the embodiment of the intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply of the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that they are presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention and not to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent and efficient heat exchange system for energy-saving heating in cities, which includes a heat exchanger 1 and a heat pump unit 2 for exchanging heat between a primary side circulation loop and a secondary side circulation loop; wherein,
a primary-side circulation circuit: the primary side of the heat exchanger 1 is connected with the evaporator 24 of the heat pump unit 2 in series, heat of a heat source plant is firstly transmitted to the primary side of the heat exchanger 1 through a city heat supply pipe network, and then flows back after passing through the evaporator 24 of the heat pump unit 2;
a secondary side circulation loop: the secondary side of the heat exchanger 1 is connected with the condenser 22 of the heat pump unit 2 in parallel or in series according to requirements, and heat is supplied to the user terminal 3 through a secondary circulation pipe network.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit are combined, heat in hot water or steam of a heat source plant in the primary side circulation loop is transferred to the secondary side circulation loop, and the heat is transmitted to the tail end of a user by the secondary side circulation loop and used for heating the indoor space of the user; the heat exchanger and the primary side of the heat pump unit are connected in series, hot water or steam from a heat source plant is firstly sent to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with a part of secondary side media, and formed low-waste-heat primary side hot water is sent to an evaporator of the heat pump unit; the primary side water temperature from the evaporator of the heat pump unit is low, and the primary side water temperature can be returned to a heat source plant to cool equipment of the heat pump unit; this scheme has realized the hot water of heat source factory or the thermal degree of depth of steam shifts, and the make full use of that high, low grade waste heat all obtained for the cooling water that heat source factory needs can recycle, has avoided the hot water of heat source factory or the heat of steam to discharge the waste of heat that leads to under the not enough condition of roll-out, has improved heat exchange efficiency.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the heat pump units 2 all include a refrigerant cycle, which includes a compressor 21, a condenser 22, an expansion valve 23 and an evaporator 24 connected in sequence, and then the refrigerant is returned from the evaporator 24 to the compressor 21 to form a closed loop for refrigerant flow;
the evaporator 24 is connected in series with the primary side of the heat exchanger 1 as the primary side; the condenser 22 is connected in parallel or in series with the secondary side of the heat exchanger 1 as the secondary side, and the secondary circulation pipe network supplies heat to the user terminal 3 through a secondary circulation water pump;
the heat pump units 2 comprise a plurality of heat pump units, evaporators 24 of the heat pump units 2 are used as primary sides and are mutually connected in parallel or sequentially connected in series, for example, hot water on the primary side is reduced to 30 ℃ from 80 ℃, 2 heat pump units shown in figure 2 are adopted for series connection, the hot water with the temperature of 80 ℃ flows out of 50 ℃ after passing through a first-stage heat exchanger and enters a second-stage heat pump unit, the hot water with the temperature of 40 ℃ flows out of the second-stage heat pump unit and then flows out of a third-stage heat pump unit, and the hot water with the temperature of 30 ℃ flows out of the third-stage heat pump unit finally; 2 heat pumps are connected in parallel as shown in figure 3, 80 ℃ hot water flows out of 50 ℃ hot water after passing through a first-stage heat exchanger and respectively enters a second-stage heat pump unit and a third-stage heat pump unit, and 30 ℃ hot water flows out of the heat pump units; the condensers 22 of the heat pump units 2 are connected in parallel or in series as secondary sides, and the supply water (outlet water) temperature and the return water temperature of the secondary side heat supply can be respectively 55 ℃ and 45 ℃.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the heat pump unit adopts low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant to evaporate into gas in the evaporator through refrigerant circulation, and absorbs low-grade heat with relatively low temperature after passing through the heat exchanger on the primary side; the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor, becomes high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant through pressurization, is discharged by the compressor, is conveyed to the condenser to exchange heat with the secondary side medium, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant transfers heat to the secondary side medium and is condensed into high-pressure liquid refrigerant, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure through throttling of the expansion valve to become low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant is evaporated again in the evaporator to form complete refrigerant circulation; the evaporator and the condenser are respectively appliances for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the primary medium and between the refrigerant and the secondary medium, and through the circulation of the refrigerant, the refrigerant with lower temperature than the primary medium is formed in the evaporator, so that the heat of the primary medium with lower temperature can be absorbed; in the condenser, the secondary side medium which obtains the heat transmitted by the refrigerant drives the heat to the tail end of a user for heating; according to the technical scheme of this application, through adopting heat pump set, make the refrigerant respectively for once side and secondary side medium existence difference in temperature in its evaporimeter and condenser, guarantee the high efficiency of heat transfer, improve the heat recovery rate.
In one embodiment, a plurality of heat exchangers are adopted, the primary sides of the plurality of heat exchangers are mutually connected in parallel or sequentially connected in series, and the secondary sides of the plurality of heat exchangers are mutually connected in parallel or connected in series;
as shown in fig. 1, the primary side and the secondary side of the same heat exchanger are connected in a counter-flow manner;
the inner surfaces of the pipelines of the primary side circulation loop and the secondary side circulation loop are both provided with anti-corrosion coatings; both the primary side circulation circuit and the secondary side circulation circuit are provided with filters; the parallel pipeline is provided with a flow regulating valve.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, a plurality of heat exchangers are selected to be connected in parallel or in series for matching use according to the temperature and the water quantity (flow) of hot water/steam of the heat source plant, so that the heat source plant can adapt to different water quantities (flow) and temperatures of the hot water/steam of the heat source plant; the heat exchanger can adopt a plate heat exchanger, the material can be stainless steel, hot water/steam of a heat source plant with higher temperature is firstly subjected to heat recovery by the heat exchanger, and the total energy consumption of heat recovery equipment can be reduced because the heat exchanger has no energy consumption; the primary side and the secondary side of the heat exchanger are connected in a countercurrent direction, so that the heat exchange efficiency and the heat recovery amount can be improved, and the heat recovery effect is enhanced; the inner surface of the pipeline is provided with the anti-corrosion coating, so that the corrosion or the corrosion can be prevented, and the service life of the pipeline is prolonged; solid foreign matters/wastes are blocked by arranging the filter, so that pipeline equipment facilities are prevented from being damaged by impact, the pipeline can be cleaned in time/regularly to avoid blockage of the pipeline, and the adhesion and deposition on the inner surface of the pipeline are reduced; the flow regulating valves are arranged on the parallel pipelines, so that the flow of each parallel pipeline can be automatically regulated, and reasonable distribution of the flow is realized.
In one embodiment, the user end of the secondary circulation pipe network is provided with a hydraulic balance controller, and the hydraulic balance controller is used for controlling the flow of the user end;
the hydraulic balance controller has continuously adjustable opening, namely the opening adjusting range is 0-100%.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the hydraulic balance controller is arranged at the user terminal to control the flow of the user terminal, so that the hydraulic balance of different user terminals is realized, the balance of indoor temperatures of the user terminals is guaranteed, the uneven cold and hot conditions in different rooms are avoided or reduced, and the overall satisfaction degree of users is improved.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises an intelligent main control device and a data acquisition unit, wherein the intelligent main control device is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and the heat pump unit respectively;
the data acquisition unit is connected with a plurality of temperature sensors and pressure sensors, the temperature sensors are used for detecting the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the primary side circulation loop and the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the secondary side circulation loop, and the pressure sensors are used for detecting the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the primary side circulation loop and the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the secondary side circulation loop;
the intelligent main control equipment controls the heat pump unit according to the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the primary side, the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the secondary side, the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the primary side and the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the secondary side, and controls the water flow of the heat pump unit through the flow regulating valve.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on the primary side circulation loop and the secondary side circulation loop to detect the temperature and the pressure of the primary side and the secondary side, the intelligent main control equipment analyzes and processes the detection data, the preset control strategy is adopted to carry out relevant control on equipment on the primary side circulation loop and the secondary side circulation loop, and reasonable delivery of water flow and heat is achieved through intelligent control.
In one embodiment, the intelligent main control device is connected with an internet of things gateway, the internet of things gateway is connected with a cloud server, and the cloud server is connected with a remote terminal device;
the terminal controller is connected with the temperature sensor and the hydraulic balance controller respectively, and the terminal controller is connected with the cloud server by adopting an internet of things gateway;
the cloud server is provided with a terminal regulation and control model, and the regulation and control strategy of the terminal regulation and control model is as follows: when the difference value between the indoor temperature of the user terminal and the average room temperature of each user terminal exceeds a preset error range, if the difference value is a negative value, the cloud server increases the flow of the user terminal through the hydraulic balance controller according to the difference value, and if the difference value is a positive value, the cloud server reduces the flow of the user terminal through the hydraulic balance controller according to the difference value.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the cloud server is connected through the Internet of things to realize remote centralized control of system equipment, the user terminals are compared with the indoor average room temperature corresponding to each user terminal of the system through the terminal controller and the temperature sensor which are arranged at the user terminals according to the measured indoor temperature, if the difference value exceeds the limit, the hydraulic balance controller carries out flow regulation according to the difference value, the flow of each user terminal is matched with the corresponding indoor heat load, and uneven cooling and heating among different users are avoided; according to the scheme, the tail end is uniformly regulated and controlled and placed on the cloud server, configuration and requirements of a tail end controller can be reduced, so that cost is reduced, remote control is enhanced, and efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, an intelligent master device includes:
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the real-time data transmitted by the data acquisition unit;
the positioning module is used for determining the geographic position of the system;
the altitude searching module is used for searching and inquiring local altitude data through a network according to the geographic position determined by the positioning module;
the compensation module is used for compensating the preprocessed real-time data according to the altitude data;
and the storage module is used for storing the compensated real-time data.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the preprocessing module is arranged to preprocess the real-time data transmitted by the data acquisition unit, so that the acquisition error and/or the transmission error of the real-time data are reduced, interference is eliminated, and the quality of the real-time data is improved; the local geographical position is acquired by arranging the positioning module, local altitude data is searched and inquired through the altitude searching module through a network, and the preprocessed real-time data is compensated according to the altitude data, so that the error influence caused by the fact that the system is used at different altitude positions can be eliminated, for example, atmospheric pressure is different due to different altitudes, measured pressure data is used as gauge pressure and is associated with the atmospheric pressure, the measured pressure data has errors due to the difference of the atmospheric pressure, the errors can be compensated through compensation, and the data precision is improved; the storage module is arranged to store real-time data, so that the data can be stored, inquired and used conveniently, and the data can be used for data tracing and/or data analysis afterwards.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition unit is connected with a current sensor and a plurality of flow sensors, the flow sensors are respectively arranged on the heat exchanger and a secondary side pipeline of the heat pump unit, and the current sensor is used for measuring the current of the heat pump unit;
flow regulating valves are arranged on secondary side pipelines of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit and are connected with intelligent main control equipment;
the intelligent main control equipment adjusts the flow distribution of the heat exchanger and the secondary side of the heat pump unit through a flow adjusting valve;
the intelligent main control equipment determines secondary side flow data of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit when the power consumption of the heat pump unit is minimum according to a preset algorithm by combining a primary side inlet water temperature and a primary side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit according to the current of the heat pump unit and the secondary side flow of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, controls the opening of a flow regulating valve by adopting the secondary side flow data of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, and controls the heat pump unit to operate under the optimal working condition.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the flow of the heat exchanger and the flow of the secondary side of the heat pump unit are adjusted and detected, so that the power consumption change of the heat pump unit during operation is measured, on the basis of achieving the goal of recovering heat contained in primary side hot water/steam, the optimal operation condition of the heat pump unit with the lowest power consumption and the corresponding flow distribution of the secondary side are determined through power consumption comparison, the optimal operation condition is subsequently adopted for operation, and on the basis of achieving the goal of recovering heat, the energy consumption of a system can be reduced; for example, heat recovery aims to reduce the primary hot water from 80 ℃ to 30 ℃; through adjusting the flow of the secondary side of heat exchanger and heat pump set, can make heat recovery ratio between heat exchanger and the heat pump set change, the outlet water temperature that the heat exchanger once inclines (also be the temperature of intaking that the heat pump set once inclines) promptly has the difference, and heat pump set's operating condition is different from this, and the consumption is different, can find the minimum operating condition of consumption, realizes the energy-conservation of system operation.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger 6 is arranged in the flue gas discharge channel 5 of the heat source plant;
as shown in fig. 4, the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 6 is connected to the primary side circulation circuit; the primary side fluid medium circularly flows in the primary side circulation loop for heat transmission under the drive of the primary side circulation pump 4, and the primary side fluid medium flows back to a heat source plant for heat absorption after passing through an evaporator of the heat pump unit 2 and then flows to the primary side of the heat exchanger 1;
or,
as shown in fig. 5, the waste heat recovery heat exchanger 6 is connected to a zero-number circulation pipe network; the relay heat exchange station 7 is arranged as a heat exchange facility of a zero-number circulation pipe network and a primary side circulation loop, the zero-number circulation pipe network is driven by a circulation pump 8 to convey heat of a heat source plant to a heat source side of the relay heat exchange station 7, a primary side circulation loop is connected to a primary side of the relay heat exchange station 7, and the zero-number circulation pipe network and the primary side circulation loop exchange heat in the relay heat exchange station 7 to transmit the heat to a primary side fluid medium.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is arranged in the flue gas discharge channel of the heat source plant, the temperature of the primary side fluid medium cooled by the evaporator of the heat pump unit is lower and can be lower than 20 ℃ or even reach 10 ℃, so that the waste heat recovery heat exchanger can be directly used for waste heat recovery of the flue gas discharge channel of the heat source plant, and in the waste heat recovery process, the exhaust gas of the heat source plant is cooled, the water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed into liquid water, so that the water vapor in the exhaust gas is greatly reduced, the problem that the 'white smoke' is discharged from the flue gas discharge channel of the heat source plant is solved, the recovery of the waste heat of the exhaust gas increases benefits, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are realized; the heat source plant can be a thermal power plant or other plants, and the like, and certainly, besides waste heat recovery of exhaust smoke of the heat source plant, a heat exchanger can be additionally arranged to perform heat recovery on a process with heat dissipation requirements of the heat source plant, so that the heat recovery rate is improved; in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger is arranged in a flue gas discharge channel of a heat source plant, and a transfer heat station is arranged, wherein the transfer heat station is provided with a relay heat exchange station and is driven by a circulating pump, and a medium for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas discharge channel of the heat source plant is sent to the relay heat exchange station and exchanges heat with a primary side fluid medium; the primary side fluid medium is driven by a primary side circulating pump to be conveyed to a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit after obtaining heat, the temperature of the primary side fluid medium cooled by an evaporator of the heat pump unit is lower and can be lower than 20 ℃ and even reach 10 ℃, and then the primary side fluid medium returns to a relay heat exchange station to absorb heat, and the medium of a waste heat recovery circulation loop can be cooled to a lower temperature (such as 15-30 ℃), so that the waste heat recovery of the exhaust smoke of a chimney of a heat source plant can be realized.
In one embodiment, the preprocessing module for preprocessing the real-time data transmitted by the data acquisition unit includes signal filtering processing, the signal filtering processing adopts spectral subtraction and wavelet transform to remove noise interference of the real-time data transmitted by the data acquisition unit, and the specific processing mode is as follows:
in the acquisition time domain t of the current data acquisition unit, windowing an output signal W (i) of real-time data acquired each time, and then performing discrete Fourier transform to obtain an i-th acquired transformed signal W i (n) the transformed signal amplitude and noise mean energy;
and performing spectral subtraction processing on the transformed signal by adopting the following spectral subtraction algorithm:
in the above formula, | A i (t) | represents the signal amplitude after spectral subtraction processing of the real-time data collected in the collection time domain t; i W i (t) | represents the amplitude of the transformed signal of the i-th acquired real-time data in the acquisition time domain t; k represents an over-subtraction factor; | Q i | represents the noise mean energy; a represents a gain compensation factor; t represents the acquisition time domain of the current real-time data measurement;
performing Fourier inverse transformation on the signal amplitude after spectral subtraction and the signal phase before spectral subtraction to obtain a signal after spectral subtraction;
determining wavelet basis and wavelet decomposition layer number according to the characteristics of the wavelet and the output signal sample data of the acquired real-time data, and performing wavelet transformation on the signal after spectral subtraction processing, for example, selecting the Daubechies wavelet basis with the order of 15-25, wherein the wavelet decomposition layer number is 3-5.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the scheme adopts spectral subtraction and wavelet transformation to remove noise interference of transmission signals for acquiring real-time data, improves the accuracy of acquiring time domain and frequency domain characteristics of original output signals for extracting the real-time data, and can sensitively separate noise in the original output signals; the scheme has the advantages of good operation real-time performance, small operation amount, strong robustness, low requirement on noise prior knowledge and high accuracy; meanwhile, a stable and reliable technical basis is provided for real-time data detection of the heat exchange system.
When the cascade high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchange device is actually applied, the mode shown in the figures 6 and 7 can be adopted, as shown in the figure 6, steam with the temperature of 110 ℃ or hot water with the temperature of 80 ℃ generated by a heat source plant is used as a primary side heat source to be conveyed to the cascade high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchange device, the cascade high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit which are connected in series with the primary side, the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit carry out high-efficiency heat exchange with the secondary side, and the hot water with the temperature of 30 ℃ is formed and returns to the heat source plant for cooling. The secondary side circulating water supply (inlet water) is sent out by the step high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchange device to be 55 ℃, and is changed into return water of 45 ℃ after being conveyed to the tail end of a user for use. The heat exchange system control is as shown in fig. 7, the primary side circulation, the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit are arranged in the secondary heat exchange station, are controlled by a heat station acquisition controller (comprising intelligent main control equipment and a data acquisition unit) and are connected with a cloud server through a network, and the heat station acquisition controller can be connected with an outdoor temperature sensor for detecting outdoor temperature; the secondary side circulation is drawn forth by the secondary side of heat exchanger and heat pump set in the station, under the power effect that the secondary pump provided, through the user end that the pipeline was located the building in carrying the heating area, the user end sets up indoor temperature sensor, and the user end adopts acquisition controller (end controller) to control to through internet access high in the clouds server, can also set up the management center, the management center passes through internet access high in the clouds server and realizes remote system management. The primary side and the secondary side can be provided with proportional valves (or flow regulating valves) for regulating flow, and corresponding flow control is carried out; temperature and pressure sensors (including a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor) are arranged on the pipelines of the primary side and the secondary side and used for measuring temperature data and pressure data of circulating media to serve as a data base of system control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for urban energy-saving heat supply is characterized by comprising a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit, wherein the heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat of a primary side circulation loop and a secondary side circulation loop; wherein,
a primary-side circulation circuit: the method comprises the following steps that a primary side of a heat exchanger is connected with an evaporator of a heat pump unit in series, heat of a heat source plant is firstly sent to the primary side of the heat exchanger through a city heat supply pipe network, and then flows back after passing through the evaporator of the heat pump unit;
secondary side circulation loop: the secondary side of the heat exchanger is connected with a condenser of the heat pump unit in series or in parallel, and heat is supplied to the tail end of a user through a secondary circulation pipe network.
2. The intelligent efficient heat exchange system for the energy-saving heat supply of the city according to claim 1, wherein a waste heat recovery heat exchanger is arranged in a flue gas discharge channel of a heat source plant; wherein,
the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the primary side circulation loop; the primary side fluid medium circularly flows in the primary side circulation loop for heat transfer under the driving of a primary side circulation pump, and the primary side fluid medium flows back to a heat source plant for heat absorption after passing through an evaporator of a heat pump unit and then flows to the primary side of a heat exchanger;
or,
the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to a zero-number circulation pipe network; the method comprises the steps that a relay heat exchange station is arranged as a heat exchange facility of a zero-number circulation pipe network and a primary side circulation loop, the zero-number circulation pipe network is driven by a circulation pump to convey heat of a heat source plant to a heat source side of the relay heat exchange station, the primary side of the relay heat exchange station is connected into the primary side circulation loop, and the zero-number circulation pipe network and the primary side circulation loop exchange heat at the relay heat exchange station to transmit the heat to a primary side fluid medium.
3. The intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for the urban energy-saving heat supply according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump units all comprise a refrigerant cycle, the refrigerant cycle comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator which are connected in sequence, and the refrigerant cycle returns to the compressor through the evaporator to form a closed loop in which the refrigerant flows;
the evaporator is used as a primary side and is connected with the primary side of the heat exchanger in series; the condenser is connected to a secondary circulation pipe network in parallel or series connection with the secondary side of the heat exchanger as the secondary side, and the secondary circulation pipe network supplies heat to the tail end of a user through a secondary circulation water pump;
the heat pump units comprise a plurality of heat pump units, and evaporators of the heat pump units are used as primary sides and are mutually connected in parallel or sequentially connected in series; the condensers of the heat pump units are connected in parallel or in series as secondary sides.
4. The intelligent high-efficiency heat exchange system for the energy-saving heat supply of the city according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of heat exchangers are adopted, the primary sides of the plurality of heat exchangers are mutually connected in parallel or sequentially connected in series, and the secondary sides of the plurality of heat exchangers are mutually connected in parallel or connected in series;
the primary side and the secondary side of the same heat exchanger are connected in a countercurrent mode.
5. The intelligent efficient heat exchange system for the energy-saving heat supply of the city according to claim 1, wherein the user end of the secondary circulation pipe network is provided with a hydraulic balance controller, and the hydraulic balance controller is used for controlling the flow of the user end;
the hydraulic balance controller has continuously adjustable opening, namely the opening adjusting range is 0-100%.
6. The intelligent efficient heat exchange system for the energy-saving heat supply of the city according to claim 1, further comprising an intelligent main control device and a data collector, wherein the intelligent main control device is electrically connected with the data collector and the heat pump unit respectively;
the data acquisition unit is connected with a plurality of temperature sensors and pressure sensors, the temperature sensors are used for detecting the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the primary side circulation loop and the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the secondary side circulation loop, and the pressure sensors are used for detecting the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the primary side circulation loop and the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the secondary side circulation loop;
the intelligent main control equipment controls the heat pump unit according to the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the primary side, the water supply temperature and the water return temperature of the secondary side, the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the primary side and the water supply pressure and the water return pressure of the secondary side, and controls the water flow of the heat pump unit through the flow regulating valve.
7. The intelligent efficient heat exchange system for energy conservation and heat supply in cities of claim 6, wherein the intelligent master control device is connected with an internet of things gateway, the internet of things gateway is connected with the cloud server, and the cloud server is connected with the remote terminal device.
8. The intelligent efficient heat exchange system for the energy-saving heat supply of the city according to claim 5, wherein a user terminal is provided with a terminal controller and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor measures indoor temperature, the terminal controller is respectively connected with the temperature sensor and the hydraulic balance controller, and the terminal controller is connected with the cloud server by adopting an internet of things gateway;
the cloud server is provided with a terminal regulation and control model, and the regulation and control strategy of the terminal regulation and control model is as follows: when the difference value between the indoor temperature of the user terminal and the average room temperature of each user terminal exceeds a preset error range, if the difference value is a negative value, the cloud server increases the flow of the user terminal through the hydraulic balance controller according to the difference value, and if the difference value is a positive value, the cloud server reduces the flow of the user terminal through the hydraulic balance controller according to the difference value.
9. The intelligent efficient heat exchange system for energy-saving heating of cities according to claim 6, wherein the intelligent master control device comprises:
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the real-time data transmitted by the data acquisition device;
the positioning module is used for determining the geographical position of the system;
the elevation searching module is used for searching and inquiring local elevation data through a network according to the geographic position determined by the positioning module;
the compensation module is used for compensating the preprocessed real-time data according to the altitude data;
and the storage module is used for storing the compensated real-time data.
10. The intelligent and efficient heat exchange system for the energy-saving and heat supply of the city according to claim 6, wherein the data collector is connected with a current sensor and a plurality of flow sensors, the flow sensors are respectively installed on the heat exchanger and a secondary side pipeline of the heat pump unit, and the current sensor is used for measuring the current of the heat pump unit;
flow regulating valves are arranged on secondary side pipelines of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit and connected with intelligent main control equipment;
the intelligent main control equipment adjusts the flow distribution of the heat exchanger and the secondary side of the heat pump unit through a flow adjusting valve;
the intelligent main control equipment combines the primary side inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit according to the current of the heat pump unit and the secondary side flow of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, determines the secondary side flow data of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit when the power consumption of the heat pump unit is minimum according to a preset algorithm, controls the opening degree of a flow regulating valve by adopting the secondary side flow data of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit, and controls the heat pump unit to run under the best working condition.
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