CN115217063A - Silt-promoting and land-building system for sandy coast and islands - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a silty coast and island silt-promoting land-building system, which comprises a bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef, a throwing white butterfly shell and a young frail, a seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank, an inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier and a triangular sand-blocking barrier, which are sequentially arranged along a beach from a near-shore water area of an island to a position above a highest tide level line, wherein the bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef, the seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank, the inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier and the triangular sand-blocking barrier are respectively parallel to the coast line and are arranged in a multi-channel and strip shape, and the distance between each strip-shaped area is 10-30m. The sandy coast and island silt-promoting land-building system provided by the invention is arranged on the surfaces of a seabed and a land, and through the mutual combination of multiple measures, the transmission of water sand and wind sand to the shore is integrally promoted, the process of returning the sea sand to the sea is inhibited, the surface elevations of the seabed and the beach are effectively increased, and the effects of sustainably promoting silt-promoting land-building and improving the offshore marine ecological environment are achieved.

Description

Silt-promoting and land-building system for sandy coast and islands

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coastal ecological environment treatment, and particularly relates to a silt-promoting and land-building system for sandy coasts and islands.

Background

Coastal erosion with global trends has generally attracted attention in marine disasters. Coastal erosion refers to a destructive process of coast retreat and island area reduction caused by less supply sand along the shore than loss sand along the shore under the action of ocean power.

In order to alleviate the damage caused by coast erosion and island reef area reduction, the currently used method is to change the migration pattern of near-shore silt in a local coast segment through engineering measures so as to accumulate the silt. The main protection projects include the following:

firstly, the seawall is a traditional human coast protection method, is built in a higher region of a beach, is a building for dividing a seashore land area and a sea area, and generally runs parallel to a coastline. Although it plays a great role in fixing the coast and preventing moisture and waves. It is not generally applicable to the conservation of beach and is not suitable as a long-term protection against waves unless it is used as an aid or emergency under other engineering measures. Therefore, the engineering structure is generally only suitable for the coast with small sea waves or the coast silted to prevent abnormal sea sinking;

and secondly, the spur dikes and the spur dike groups are coastal buildings nearly perpendicular to a coastline, and have the function of intercepting silt conveyed from the upstream of the coastline to form a wide beach to protect the coastline. The spur dike is mature in the muddy coast and can be applied to the muddy coast region. The spur dike and the spur dike group achieve the aim of protecting the coast by the intercepted silt, so that the spur dike is not beneficial to intercepting a large amount of silt to form a beach for rivers such as yellow river with the annual reduction of the sand transportation amount, and the protection method has the defects, particularly for sandy coast;

and thirdly, constructing a breakwater which is approximately parallel to the shoreline in a sea area at a certain distance outside the shoreline, wherein the breakwater is called an offshore breakwater and is called an offshore breakwater for short. It acts like a spur dike and can cause siltation of the beach on the upstream side of the bank. Boulders or various concrete blocks may be used as the facing. However, the opening of the offshore bank is small, and the pollution is easy to accumulate in the bay and is difficult to discharge. Therefore, the problem of environmental pollution should be considered when selecting the offshore bank as the coastal protection project;

and fourthly, in the artificial beach sand supplement or hydraulic reclamation project, collecting proper sand from the sea or on land and supplementing the sand to the eroded beach is the most natural countermeasure for solving coastal erosion and promoting silt and reclamation. Beach sand replenishment has proven to be an economically effective measure and has less impact on surrounding beaches than other protective facilities. Because the sand artificially filled on the beach can still be washed away under various marine environmental conditions, particularly under the action of sea waves, the beach must be supplemented with sand every few years.

In the process of hydraulic fill land reclamation, the slope of the bed surface is increased in the process of hydraulic fill of near-shore seabed sediments to the island reef through a cutter suction dredger or a trailing suction dredger, a convex embankment effect is generated, the peripheral coastline is retracted inwards, and the stability of the near-shore seabed is influenced. Through the long-term interaction between the seabed and the water sand and between the beach and the sand storm, the formed bed surface balance state is damaged, and under the erosion action of sea waves, repeated blowing and filling are carried out at any intervals to keep the area of the island reef. In addition, in the hydraulic reclamation project, the setting of the island reef cofferdam can influence the offshore ecological environment, and under the erosion action of sea waves, erosion collapse often occurs.

Therefore, although there are many forms of coastal protection projects, they all have their own disadvantages. By combining the above analysis, we can see that, except the fourth artificial beach sand-supplementing and reclamation measures, other measures are all arranged in seawater, which has no protection effect on the beach above the high tide line, and sand grains can still be brought into the seawater by wind erosion; secondly, various dams play a role in reducing waves and depositing silt to the bank, but a large amount of sea sand is still washed and brought back to the sea, and both sides of the dam play a role in blocking the silt, so that the supply amount and the depositing effect of the silt to the bank are reduced; in addition, various dams are rigid structures, only one dam is arranged, waves passing through the dam have large energy and can erode the coast at all, and the dams are high in cost and long in construction period and cannot be reused continuously.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a silt-promoting and land-building system for sandy coasts and islands, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution comprising:

the embodiment of the invention provides a silty coast and island siltation promotion and land building system which comprises a bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef, a throwing white butterfly shells and young French snails, a seabed sand-blocking silt-promotion dike, an inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier and a triangular sand-blocking barrier, wherein the bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef, the seabed sand-blocking silt-promotion dike, the inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier and the triangular sand-blocking barrier are sequentially arranged in the direction from a near-shore water area of an island to a beach above a highest tide level line, are parallel to the coast line and are arranged in a plurality of ways and in a strip shape, and the distance between adjacent strip-shaped areas is 10-30m.

Furthermore, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is arranged along the coastline in a triangular multi-belt manner.

Furthermore, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef comprises a bell-shaped main body in a hollow streamline structure, a round hole and a wave-dissipating block body provided with a square column-shaped protrusion are formed in the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body, and the bottom of the bell-shaped main body is also provided with an opening.

Furthermore, white butterfly shells and young frauds are thrown in the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef arrangement area.

Further, the seabed sediment trapping silt-promoting dike comprises a sediment dam and a sediment trapping brush column; the sedimentation dam comprises an arc-shaped top plate, a base and a supporting plate, wherein the arc-shaped top plate is fixedly connected with the base through the supporting plate; the sand blocking hairbrush column comprises a support column and a filamentous hairbrush fixed on the support column, the filamentous hairbrush comprises a plurality of tows which are distributed densely along the length direction of the support column, two ends of each tow extend to two sides of the support column, and the bottom of the support column is poured and fixed at the front end of an arc-shaped top plate of the sedimentation dam.

Furthermore, the inclined unidirectional sand barrier comprises an inclined sand barrier and a unidirectional sand conveying channel, wherein the inclined sand barrier is inclined towards the shore direction, the unidirectional sand conveying channel is arranged at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier, a support column is further arranged on the inclined sand barrier on one side of the shore, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected with a fixing drill rod fixed on the earth surface; under the windless state, the unidirectional sand conveying channel is in a closed state under the action of gravity; under the action of the wind facing the shore, the one-way sand conveying channel is opened, so that the wind and sand flow smoothly enters the beach; under the action of sea wind, the one-way sand conveying channel is closed to prevent wind sand from returning to sea water.

Furthermore, the triangular sand barrier comprises a square frame and an HDPE net wound and fixed on the square frame to form a frame net; the tops of the two frame nets are connected through hinges, and the bottoms of the two frame nets are fixed through fixing steel rods respectively to form a stable triangular wind shielding structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) According to the silt-promoting and land-building system for the sandy coast and the island, the bell-shaped wave-removing fish reef does not influence the transmission of sea sand to the shore while reducing wave energy, and provides stable sheltering and inhabiting places for artificially thrown white butterfly shells, french snails and natural fishes, so that the coral reef is protected, and the near-shore biodiversity and the improvement of ecological environment of the island are promoted; the seabed sediment retaining silt-promoting dike weakens the direct scouring action of waves on the seabed, promotes the near-shore siltation of seabed sediments and raises the height of the surface of the seabed; the inclined unidirectional sand barrier can promote the transmission of the sea sand to the shore, simultaneously inhibit the process of returning the sea sand to the sea and continuously increase the elevation of the beach; the triangular sand-blocking barrier fixes the sea sand blown to the shore, and the elevation of the earth surface is maintained and stabilized; the comprehensive application of the measures can gradually increase the height of the seabed and the sandy beach, and the sustainable utilization of engineering facilities can be realized by the mode of lifting the seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank and the triangular sand-blocking barrier and connecting the extension section at the closing opening of one end of the inclined unidirectional sand-blocking barrier facing the shore, thereby playing the aims of lifting the earth surface and promoting silt to build the land for a long time.

(2) The invention relates to a siltation-promoting and land-building system for sandy coasts and islands, wherein a bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef is of a hollow structure in appearance, so that the water body in the inner space is stable while wave energy is reduced, and shelters and habitats can be provided for marine organisms such as offshore fishes.

(3) The invention relates to a silt-promoting and land-building system for sandy coasts and islands, wherein white butterfly shells and law snail seedlings are put into a bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef area, the white butterfly shells are large-scale pearl shells and are known as 'rare treasures', the economic value is high, the whole body is precious, and the law snails have important ecological significance for controlling the number of starfishes and protecting coral reefs and the biological diversity of coral reef biological communities.

(4) The invention relates to a silty coast and island siltation promotion and land building system, wherein a seabed sand blocking silt promotion dike can prevent the front impact of sea waves, and sediments flow along with water flow through the surface of an arc-shaped top plate and fall into a seabed on one side of a siltation dam facing to a shore; the siltation dam is only open to the bank to form a semi-closed sand collecting space, so that the transmission of sand particles to the bank is not influenced, and the sand particles are prevented from returning; when the height of the silted sand surface reaches the top of the supporting plate, the sand-blocking silt-promoting dike can be integrally lifted by connecting the steel bar rings on the arc-shaped top plate of the silted dam, so that the silted sand can be continuously utilized; through the flexible blocking process of the filamentous brush, sand grains can be effectively filtered, are prevented from moving back to the sea, and sea sand is fixed on the side, facing the bank, of the sedimentation dam.

(5) The invention relates to a silty coast and island siltation promotion and land building system, wherein an inclined unidirectional sand barrier is combined with a unidirectional sand conveying channel through the inclined sand barrier, so that the inclined unidirectional sand barrier has the functions of conveying sand on one side and stopping sand on the other side, can promote the transmission of sea sand to the shore and prevent the sea sand from returning to the sea, and achieves the purpose of long-term sand accumulation on the beach; the one-way sand conveying channel and the ground surface jointly form a streamline structure with a gradually closed opening, and the effects of accelerating sand flow and increasing sand grain passing rate are achieved; in addition, an inclined one-way valve type structure is adopted at the closing port on one side of the bank, so that quicksand conveyed to the bank can smoothly pass through the closing port, and the closing port is prevented from returning to the sea; the one-way sand conveying channel extends towards the bank direction, and the one-way valve at the port is far away from a sand accumulation area at the bottom of the sand barrier, so that the sand accumulation near the sand barrier on the bank side cannot be buried and influence the one-way sand conveying channel and the one-way valve, and the sand conveying and blocking functions are not influenced with each other. When the inclined sand barrier is buried in the inclined closing-in position, the extending section can be connected at the closing-in position, so that the device can continuously exert the dual functions of conveying sand to the shore and stopping sand to the sea; the inclined sand-blocking barrier inclines towards the shore, so that the wind resistance of wind towards the shore is reduced, the ascending acceleration effect of airflow under the action of sea wind is inhibited, and the sand accumulation rate of one side facing the shore can be effectively improved.

(6) According to the silt-promoting land-building system for the sandy coast and the islands, the triangular sand-blocking barrier is stable in structure, and double sand blocking is realized by adopting a large-space three-dimensional structure, so that the near-surface wind speed in the middle and on the leeward side of the sand-blocking barrier is effectively reduced, the sand-blocking and sand-fixing efficiency is higher, and the sand-blocking amount is larger; when the triangular sand-blocking barrier is buried to a half height, the fixing drill rod can be dug and pulled out downwards, manual lifting is adopted, the exposure height of the triangular sand-blocking barrier is increased, and the sand-blocking and sand-fixing functions of the triangular sand-blocking barrier are recovered; the main components are two frame nets connected by a hinge, and the field installation only needs to open the frame nets to a certain angle and nail down a fixing drill rod, so that the operation is simple and rapid, and the construction cost is saved; and the frame net that the hinge links to each other is regular planar structure, has improved conveying efficiency, has practiced thrift the cost of transportation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a siltation-promoting land-building system for sandy coasts and islands according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a specific structural schematic diagram of the seabed sand-blocking siltation promotion dike in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a detailed structural view of the sand-blocking brush column of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the sand trap brush post of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a concrete structure schematic diagram of the inclined unidirectional sand barrier in fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a specific structural schematic diagram of the triangular sand-blocking barrier in fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a seabed sediment trapping silt-promoting dike; 11. an arc-shaped top plate; 12. a sand-blocking brush column; 121. a filiform brush; 122. a support column; 123. tow; 13. a support plate; 14. a steel bar connecting ring; 15. a base; 16. a connecting kit; 2. an inclined unidirectional sand barrier; 21. a HDPE web; 22. a base plate; 23. an arc-shaped top plate; 24. an inclined baffle plate; 25. a hinge; 26. a support pillar; 27. fixing the drill rod; 28. an extension section; 29. an inclined frame; 30, side plates; 3. a triangular sand barrier; 31. a frame net; 32. fixing the drill rod; 33. a hinge; 4. a bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef; 41. a circular hole; 42. wave dissipating blocks; 43. opening the gap; 5. a snail; 6. white butterfly shell; 8. beach; 9. a bed surface of offshore sea; 10. the highest tide line.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed embodiment.

One aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a silt-promoting land-building system for sandy coasts and islands, which comprises bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reefs, throwing white butterfly shells and young fagopyrum cymosum, a seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank, an inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier and a triangular sand-blocking barrier, which are sequentially arranged in the direction from a near-shore water area of the island to a beach above a highest tide level, wherein the bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reefs, the seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank, the inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier and the triangular sand-blocking barrier are respectively parallel to a shoreline and are arranged in a multi-channel and strip shape, and the distance between adjacent strip-shaped areas is 10-30m.

The sand coast and island siltation promotion and land building system provided by the embodiment of the invention combines multiple measures on the surface of the sea bed and the land, integrally promotes the transmission of water sand and wind sand to the shore, inhibits the sea-going back process of the sea sand, effectively increases the surface elevations of the sea bed and the sea beach, and plays roles in sustainability siltation promotion and land building and improvement of the offshore ecological environment.

In some preferred embodiments, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is arranged along the coastline in a plurality of bands in a shape of a Chinese character 'pin'.

In some preferred embodiments, the bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef comprises a bell-shaped main body in a hollow streamline structure, a round hole and a wave-breaking block body provided with a square column-shaped protrusion are formed in the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body, and a notch is further formed in the bottom of the bell-shaped main body.

In some more preferred embodiments, the bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef has a height of 1.8-2.5m, a wall thickness of 20-40cm, a bottom diameter of 1.5-2m and a circular hole diameter of 20-30cm.

The bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef provided by the embodiment of the invention has a hollow streamline structure, reduces wave energy, and simultaneously has stable water body in an internal space, can provide sheltering and inhabiting places for marine organisms such as offshore fishes, and promotes the diversity of the offshore organisms and the improvement of ecological environment in the island.

In some preferred embodiments, the seedlings of the white butterfly shells and the frail snails are thrown in the bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef setting area.

According to the embodiment of the invention, young white butterfly shells and young French snails are put in the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef area, the white butterfly shells are large pearl shells, are known as 'rare treasures', have high economic value and can be called as treasures of the whole body, and the French snails have important ecological significance for controlling the number of starfishes and protecting the biological diversity of coral reefs and coral reef biotopes.

In some preferred embodiments, the subsea sediment retention siltation promotion dike comprises a siltation dam and a sediment retention brush column; the sedimentation dam comprises an arc-shaped top plate, a base and a supporting plate, wherein the arc-shaped top plate is fixedly connected with the base through the supporting plate; the sand blocking hairbrush column comprises a support column and a filamentous hairbrush fixed on the support column, the filamentous hairbrush comprises a plurality of tows which are distributed densely along the length direction of the support column, two ends of each tow extend to two sides of the support column, and the bottom of the support column is poured and fixed at the front end of an arc-shaped top plate of the sedimentation dam.

In some more preferred embodiments, the curved ceiling is in a streamline ascending configuration.

In some more preferred embodiments, the arc-shaped top plate, the supporting plate and the base are integrally formed by pouring reinforced concrete, and the supporting plate is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped top plate and is positioned on the shoreside side of the arc-shaped top plate.

In some more preferred embodiments, the base is provided with a connecting sleeve member with a mortise and tenon structure, one end of the base is recessed, and the other end of the base is protruded, so that the siltation dams are integrally connected in the direction of a bank line.

In some more preferred embodiments, the supporting plate and the base are both provided with through holes, and the diameter of each through hole is 15-25cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the upper end face of the arc-shaped top plate is further provided with a steel bar connecting ring for integral hoisting of the crane.

In some more preferable embodiments, the length of the arc-shaped top plate along the shoreline direction is 2-4m, the width of the arc-shaped top plate along the direction vertical to the shoreline direction is 1.5-3m, the height of the arc-shaped top plate is 1.2-1.8m, and the wall thickness is 15-25cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the filamentous brush has a diameter of 25-50cm and a length of 60-100cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the length of each tow end extending to both sides of the support post is 10-20cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the tow is comprised of a plurality of nylon filaments having a diameter of 0.5 to 1mm and the tow has a diameter of 3 to 5mm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the support column has a diameter of 5-10cm and a length of 1-1.4m, and the bottom is poured to a depth of 30-40cm at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate.

In some more preferred embodiments, the support post may comprise, but is not limited to, a solid cylinder of PVC.

The seabed sediment retaining and silt promoting dike provided by the embodiment of the invention can prevent the front impact of sea waves, and sediment flows through the surface of the arc-shaped top plate along with water flow and falls into the seabed on one side of the siltation dam facing to the shore; the silting dam is only open to the bank to form a semi-closed sand collecting space, so that the sand grain transmission to the bank is not influenced, and the backing of the sand grain is prevented; when the height of the silted sand surface reaches the top of the supporting plate, the sand-blocking silt-promoting dike can be integrally lifted by connecting the steel bar rings on the arc-shaped top plate of the silted dam, so that the silted sand can be continuously utilized; through the flexible blocking process of the filamentous brush, sand grains can be effectively filtered, are prevented from moving back to the sea, and sea sand is fixed on the side, facing the bank, of the sedimentation dam.

In some preferred embodiments, the inclined unidirectional sand-blocking barrier comprises an inclined sand-blocking barrier and a unidirectional sand conveying channel, wherein the inclined sand-blocking barrier is inclined towards the shore direction, the unidirectional sand conveying channel is arranged at the bottom of the inclined sand-blocking barrier, a supporting column is further arranged on the inclined sand-blocking barrier on one side of the shore, and the other end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a fixing drill rod fixed on the ground surface; under the windless state, the inclined sand-blocking barrier is in a closed state under the action of gravity; under the action of the wind heading to the shore, the inclined sand-blocking barrier is opened, so that the wind-sand flow smoothly enters the beach; under the action of sea wind, the inclined sand barrier is closed to prevent wind sand from returning to sea water.

In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined sand barrier has an inclination angle of 60-80 °.

In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined sand-blocking barrier comprises a plurality of inclined frames which are arranged at intervals, and warp-knitted HDPE nets are arranged in the inclined frames.

In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined frame has a gap in the area of the bottom of the inclined frame with a height of 20-30cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the width of the inclined frame along the shoreline direction is 2-4m, and the heights of the inclined frame and the top end of the HDPE net from the ground surface are 1.5-1.8m.

In some more preferred embodiments, the upright posts of the inclined frame are bent at a height of 20-30cm from the ground surface, and are vertically downwards inserted into the ground surface to a depth of 60-80cm.

In some preferred embodiments, the inclined frame is formed by welding galvanized steel pipes, and the diameter of each galvanized steel pipe is 3-5cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the HDPE net is fixed on the inclined frame through a coated metal wire bundle, and the porosity of the HDPE net is 30-40%.

In some more preferable embodiments, the unidirectional sand conveying channel is inserted and fixed in a gap at the bottom of the inclined sand-blocking barrier.

In some more preferred embodiments, the unidirectional sand conveying channel comprises an arc-shaped top plate, side plates, a bottom plate, an inclined baffle and a hinge, wherein the arc-shaped top plate is of an upward-tilted arc-shaped structure and forms a bell-mouth-shaped airflow contraction and acceleration channel with the earth surface, and one end of the arc-shaped top plate facing the shore is provided with a downward inclined closing-in and an inclined baffle.

In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined baffle plate is connected to the shore-facing end of the arc-shaped top plate through a hinge, and the thickness of the inclined baffle plate is 1-2mm.

In some more preferable embodiments, the length of the arc-shaped top plate along the shoreline direction is 1-2m, the width of the arc-shaped top plate along the direction vertical to the shoreline direction is 2-3m, the height of the end, facing the sea, of the arc-shaped top plate from the ground surface is 40-60cm, and the height of the end, facing the bank, of the arc-shaped top plate from the ground surface is 10-15cm.

In some more preferred embodiments, the side plates are spaced 50-100cm apart along the shoreline.

In some more preferred embodiments, the arc-shaped top plate, the arc-shaped side plates and the arc-shaped bottom plate are integrally bonded by HDPE plates in a hot melting mode.

In some more preferred embodiments, the arc-shaped top plate, the side plates and the bottom plate are all 3-5mm thick.

In some more preferable embodiments, the inclined type closing-in opening is further provided with a spare extending section, one end of the extending section facing the shore is provided with a downward inclined type closing-in opening, and an inclined type baffle plate is arranged on the extending section.

In some more preferred embodiments, the sloped baffle is hinged at a shoreside end of the extension.

In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined baffles have a thickness of 1-2mm.

The inclined unidirectional sand barrier provided by the embodiment of the invention has the functions of conveying sand on one side and stopping sand on the other side by combining the inclined sand barrier and the unidirectional sand conveying channel, can promote the coastal transmission of the sea sand and prevent the sea sand from returning to the sea, and achieves the purpose of long-term sand accumulation on the beach; the one-way sand conveying channel and the ground surface jointly form a gradually-closed streamline structure, and the effects of accelerating sand flow and increasing sand grain passing rate are achieved; in addition, an inclined one-way valve type structure is adopted at the closing port on one side of the bank, so that quicksand conveyed to the bank can smoothly pass through the closing port, and the closing port is prevented from returning to the sea; the one-way sand conveying channel extends towards the bank direction, and the one-way valve at the port part is far away from a sand accumulation area at the bottom of the sand barrier, so that the sand accumulation near the sand barrier on the bank side cannot be buried and influence the one-way sand conveying channel and the one-way valve, and the sand conveying and blocking functions are not influenced; when the inclined sand barrier is buried in the inclined closing-in position, the extending section can be connected to the closing-in position, so that the device can continuously exert the dual functions of conveying sand to the shore and stopping sand to the sea; the inclined sand-blocking barrier inclines towards the shore, so that the wind resistance of wind towards the shore is reduced, the ascending acceleration effect of airflow under the action of sea wind is inhibited, and the sand accumulation rate of one side facing the shore can be effectively improved.

In some preferred embodiments, the triangular sand-blocking barrier comprises a square frame and a HDPE net wound and fixed on the square frame, so as to form a frame net; the tops of the two frame nets are connected through hinges, and the bottoms of the two frame nets are fixed through fixing rods respectively to form a stable triangular wind shielding structure.

In some more preferred embodiments, the frame mesh has a length of 2 to 3m and a height of 1.5 to 1.8m.

In some more preferred embodiments, the angle of opening of the tops of the two framed nets is 50-70 °.

In some more preferred embodiments, the length of the fixing pin is 60-80cm.

The triangular sand-blocking barrier provided by the embodiment of the invention has a stable structure, adopts a large-space three-dimensional structure for double sand blocking, effectively reduces the near-surface wind speed in the middle and on the leeward side of the sand-blocking barrier, and has higher sand blocking and fixing efficiency and larger sand blocking amount; when the triangular sand-blocking barrier is buried to a half height, the fixing drill rod can be dug and pulled out downwards, manual lifting is adopted, the exposure height of the triangular sand-blocking barrier is increased, and the sand-blocking and sand-fixing functions of the triangular sand-blocking barrier are recovered; the main components are two frame nets connected by a hinge, and the field installation only needs to open the frame nets to a certain angle and nail down a fixing drill rod, so that the operation is simple and rapid, and the construction cost is saved; and the frame net that the hinge links to each other is regular planar structure, has improved conveying efficiency, has practiced thrift the cost of transportation.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system, which comprises a bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef 4, a throwing white butterfly shellfish 6, a young French snail 5, a seabed sand-blocking silt-promotion dike 1, an inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier 2 and a triangular sand-blocking barrier 3, which are sequentially arranged along the direction of a beach 8 from a near-shore water area of an island to a position above a highest tide level line 10, wherein the bell-shaped wave-breaking fish reef 4, the seabed sand-blocking silt-promotion dike 1, the inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier 2 and the triangular sand-blocking barrier 3 are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in a plurality of ways and strips, and the distance between adjacent strip-shaped areas is 10-30m; in the 5-10 month breeding period each year, large-scale pearl shellfish-white butterfly shellfish 6 seedlings and Faluo 5 seedlings capable of controlling the amount of starfishes and protecting coral reefs are thrown into the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 setting area.

In this embodiment, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 is arranged along the coastline in a delta-shaped multi-band manner, and the specific structure of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4, as shown in fig. 2, includes a bell-shaped main body in a hollow streamline structure, the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body is provided with a round hole 41 and a wave-dissipating block 42 provided with a square column-shaped protrusion, and the bottom of the bell-shaped main body is further provided with a notch 43 for improving the basic stability of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 on the surface of the sea bed; the height of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 is 1.8-2.5m, the wall thickness is 20-40cm, the diameter of the bottom is 1.5-2m, and the diameter of the round hole 41 is 20-30cm.

As shown in fig. 3, the seabed sediment trapping and silt promoting dike 1 comprises a sediment accumulation dam and a sediment trapping brush column 12, wherein the sediment accumulation dam comprises an arc-shaped top plate 11, a base 15 and a supporting plate 13, and the arc-shaped top plate 11 is fixedly connected with the base 15 through the supporting plate 13; the arc-shaped top plate 11 is of a streamline ascending structure, the arc-shaped top plate 11, the supporting plate 13 and the base 15 are of an integrally formed structure formed by pouring reinforced concrete, and the supporting plate 13 is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped top plate 11 and located on the bank-facing side of the arc-shaped top plate 11; a connecting sleeve member 16 with a tenon-and-mortise structure is arranged on the base 15, one end of the base 15 is recessed, and the other end of the base 15 is protruded, so that the siltation dam is connected into a whole along the shore line direction; more specifically, through holes are formed in the supporting plate 13 and the base 15, and the diameter of each through hole is 15-25cm; the length of the arc-shaped top plate 11 along the shoreline direction is 2-4m, the width of the arc-shaped top plate 11 along the direction vertical to the shoreline is 1.5-3m, and the height of the arc-shaped top plate 11 is 1.2-1.8m; two steel bar connecting rings 14 are further arranged on the upper end face of the arc-shaped top plate 11 and are used for integral hoisting of the crane.

Referring to fig. 4, the specific structure of the sand blocking brush column 12 comprises a support column 122 and a filamentous brush 121 fixed on the support column 122, as shown in fig. 5, the filamentous brush 121 comprises a plurality of tows 123 densely distributed along the length direction of the support column 122, two ends of each tow 123 extend to two sides of the support column 122, the bottom of the support column 122 is cast and fixed at the front end of an arc-shaped top plate 11 of the siltation dam, and the casting depth is 30-40cm; the diameter of the filamentous brush 121 is 25-50cm, and the length is 60-100cm; the length of the two ends of each tow 123 extending to the two sides of the supporting column 122 is 10-20cm; the tow 123 consists of a plurality of nylon filaments, the diameter of the nylon filaments is 0.5-1mm, and the diameter of the tow 123 is 3-5mm; the diameter of the supporting column 122 is 5-10cm, the length is 1-1.4m, and the supporting column 122 is a solid cylinder made of PVC.

As shown in fig. 6, the inclined unidirectional sand barrier 2 comprises an inclined sand barrier and a unidirectional sand conveying channel, wherein the inclined sand barrier is inclined towards the shore direction at 60-80 degrees, the inclined sand barrier comprises a plurality of inclined frames 29 which are arranged at intervals, HDPE nets 21 with the porosity of 30-40% are bound and fixed in the inclined frames 29 through coated metal wires, a gap is left in a region with the height of 20-30cm at the bottom of each inclined frame 29, the width of each inclined frame 29 along the shore line direction is 2-4m, and the heights of the tops of the inclined frames 29 and the HDPE nets 21 from the earth surface are 1.5-1.8m; the inclined type sand barrier comprises an inclined type frame 29, a vertical column and a hinge 25, wherein the vertical column is bent at a position 20-30cm away from the ground surface, the vertical column is vertically inserted into the ground surface downwards, the depth of the vertical column inserted into the ground is 60-80cm, the inclined type frame is formed by welding galvanized steel pipes, the diameter of each galvanized steel pipe is 3-5cm, a one-way sand conveying channel is fixedly inserted into a gap at the bottom of the inclined type sand barrier in an inserting mode and comprises an arc-shaped top plate 23, a side plate 30, a bottom plate 22, an inclined type baffle plate 24 and the hinge 25, the arc-shaped top plate 23 is of an upward-tilted arc structure towards the sea side and forms a horn-mouth-shaped air flow contraction and acceleration channel with the ground surface, one end of the arc-shaped top plate 23 facing the bank is of a downward inclined type closing port, the inclined type baffle plate 24 is arranged and connected to one end of the arc-shaped top plate 23 through the hinge 25, and the thickness of the inclined type baffle plate 24 is 1-2mm; the length of the arc-shaped top plate 23 along the shoreline direction is 1-2m, the width of the arc-shaped top plate 23 along the direction vertical to the shoreline is 2-3m, the height of the end, facing the sea, of the arc-shaped top plate 23 from the ground surface is 40-60cm, and the height of the end, facing the shore, of the arc-shaped top plate 23 from the ground surface is 10-15cm; the distance between the side plates 30 along the shore line direction is 50-100cm; the arc top plate 23, the side plate 30 and the bottom plate 22 are integrated by HDPE plates through hot melt adhesion, and the thicknesses of the arc top plate 23, the side plate 30 and the bottom plate 22 are all 3-5mm.

A spare extension section 28 is further arranged at the inclined closing-in position, one end, facing the bank, of the extension section 28 is a downward inclined closing-in position, an inclined baffle plate is arranged, the inclined baffle plate is connected to one end, facing the bank, of the extension section 28 through a hinge, and the thickness of the inclined baffle plate is 1-2mm; in the implementation process, a support column 26 is further arranged on the inclined sand barrier 21 on one shoreside side, and the other end of the support column 26 is fixedly connected with a fixing drill rod 27 fixed on the ground surface; under the windless state, the inclined sand-blocking barrier 21 is in a closed state under the action of gravity; under the action of the wind heading to the shore, the inclined sand-blocking barrier is opened, so that the wind-sand flow smoothly enters the beach; under the action of sea wind, the inclined sand barrier is closed to prevent wind sand from returning to sea water.

Referring to fig. 7, the triangular sand barrier comprises a square frame and a HDPE mesh wound on the square frame to form a frame mesh 31; the tops of the two frame nets 31 are connected through hinges 33, and the bottoms of the two frame nets are fixed through fixing rods 32 respectively to form a stable triangular wind shielding structure; the length of the frame net 31 is 2-3m, the height is 1.5-1.8m, the opening angle of the top of the two frame nets 31 is 50-70 degrees, and the length of the fixing rod 32 is 60-80cm.

By comprehensively applying the measures of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4, the throwing of the white butterfly shellfish 6 and the young seedling of the French snail 5, the seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting dike 1, the inclined unidirectional sand-blocking barrier 2 and the triangular sand-blocking barrier 3, the heights of the seabed and the sandy beach are gradually increased, and by lifting the seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting dike and the triangular sand-blocking barrier and connecting an extension section at the closing port of one end of the inclined unidirectional sand-blocking barrier facing the shore, the sustainable utilization of engineering facilities can be realized, and the purposes of lifting the earth surface and promoting silt and land building can be exerted for a long time.

In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also made experiments with other materials, process operations, and process conditions described in the present specification with reference to the above examples, and have obtained preferable results.

While the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and/or additions may be made and substantial equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated any use of the terms first, second, etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims (10)

1. The silt-promoting land-building system for the sandy coast and the island is characterized by comprising a bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef, a throwing white butterfly shell and a young frail, a seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank, an inclined unidirectional sand-blocking barrier and a triangular sand-blocking barrier which are sequentially arranged in the direction from a coastal water area of the island to a beach above a highest tide level line, wherein the bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef, the seabed sand-blocking silt-promoting bank, the inclined unidirectional sand-blocking barrier and the triangular sand-blocking barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in a multi-channel and strip shape, and the distance between adjacent strip-shaped areas is 10-30m.

2. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 1 wherein: the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs are arranged along the coastline in a triangular shape in multiple zones; and/or the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef comprises a bell-shaped main body in a hollow streamline structure, a round hole and a wave-dissipating block body provided with a square column-shaped protrusion are formed in the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body, and the bottom of the bell-shaped main body is also provided with a notch; and/or the bell-shaped wave-eliminating fish reef is 1.8-2.5m in height, 20-40cm in wall thickness, 1.5-2m in bottom diameter and 20-30cm in circular hole diameter.

3. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 1 wherein: and (4) throwing white butterfly shells and young Fabricius into the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef arrangement area.

4. The siltation promotion continental system of sandy coast and islands according to claim 1 wherein: the seabed sediment trapping silt promoting dike comprises a sediment dam and sediment trapping brush columns; the sedimentation dam comprises an arc-shaped top plate, a base and a supporting plate, wherein the arc-shaped top plate is fixedly connected with the base through the supporting plate; the sand blocking hairbrush column comprises a support column and a filamentous hairbrush fixed on the support column, the filamentous hairbrush comprises a plurality of tows which are distributed densely along the length direction of the support column, two ends of each tow extend to two sides of the support column, and the bottom of the support column is poured and fixed at the front end of an arc-shaped top plate of the sedimentation dam.

5. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 4 wherein: the arc-shaped top plate is of a streamline ascending structure; and/or the arc-shaped top plate, the supporting plate and the base are of an integrally formed structure poured by reinforced concrete, and the supporting plate is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped top plate and is positioned on one side of the arc-shaped top plate facing the bank; and/or a connecting suite with a tenon-and-mortise structure is arranged on the base, one end of the base is recessed, and the other end of the base is protruded, so that the siltation dam is connected into a whole along the shore line direction; and/or the supporting plate and the base are both provided with through holes, and the diameter of each through hole is 15-25cm; and/or a steel bar connecting ring is further arranged on the upper end face of the arc-shaped top plate and used for integral hoisting of the crane; and/or the length of the arc-shaped top plate along the shoreline direction is 2-4m, the width of the arc-shaped top plate along the direction vertical to the shoreline is 1.5-3m, the height of the arc-shaped top plate is 1.2-1.8m, and the wall thickness is 15-25cm;

and/or the diameter of the filamentous brush is 25-50cm, and the length of the filamentous brush is 60-100cm; and/or the length of the two ends of each tow extending to the two sides of the support column is 10-20cm; and/or the tows consist of a plurality of nylon wires, the diameter of the nylon wires is 0.5-1mm, and the diameter of the tows is 3-5mm; and/or the diameter of the support column is 5-10cm, the length of the support column is 1-1.4m, the bottom of the support column is fixed at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate in a pouring mode, and the depth of the support column penetrating into the arc-shaped top plate is 30-40cm; and/or the support column comprises a solid column made of PVC.

6. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 1 wherein: the inclined unidirectional sand barrier comprises an inclined sand barrier and a unidirectional sand conveying channel; the inclined sand-blocking barrier is obliquely arranged towards the shore direction, the one-way sand conveying channel is arranged at the bottom of the inclined sand-blocking barrier in an inserting mode, a support column is further arranged on one side, facing the shore, of the inclined sand-blocking barrier, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected with a fixing drill rod fixed on the earth surface; under the windless state, the unidirectional sand conveying channel is in a closed state under the action of gravity; under the action of the wind facing the shore, the one-way sand conveying channel is opened, so that the wind and sand flow smoothly enters the beach; under the action of sea wind, the one-way sand conveying channel is closed to prevent wind sand from returning to sea water.

7. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 6 wherein: the inclined angle of the inclined sand barrier is 60-80 degrees; and/or the inclined sand-blocking barrier comprises a plurality of inclined frames which are arranged at intervals, and warp-knitted HDPE nets are arranged in the inclined frames; and/or a gap is reserved in the area with the height of 20-30cm at the bottom of the inclined frame; and/or the width of the inclined frame along the shore line direction is 2-4m, and the heights of the inclined frame and the top end of the HDPE net from the ground surface are 1.5-1.8m; and/or the upright post of the inclined frame is bent at the height of 20-30cm from the ground surface, and is vertically downwards inserted into the ground surface, and the depth of the upright post inserted into the ground is 60-80cm; and/or the inclined frame is formed by welding galvanized steel pipes, and the diameter of each galvanized steel pipe is 3-5cm; and/or the HDPE net is fixed on the inclined frame through a coated metal wire bundle, and the porosity of the HDPE net is 30-40%.

8. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 7 wherein: the unidirectional sand conveying channel is fixedly inserted into a gap at the bottom of the inclined sand-blocking barrier; and/or the unidirectional sand conveying channel comprises an arc-shaped top plate, side plates, a bottom plate, an inclined baffle and a hinge, wherein the arc-shaped top plate is of an upward-warped arc-shaped structure towards the sea side and forms a bell mouth-shaped airflow contraction and acceleration channel with the earth surface, and one end of the arc-shaped top plate facing the shore is provided with a downward inclined closing-in and an inclined baffle; and/or the inclined baffle plate is connected to one end of the arc-shaped top plate facing the bank through a hinge, and the thickness of the inclined baffle plate is 1-2mm; and/or the length of the arc-shaped top plate along the shoreline direction is 1-2m, the width of the arc-shaped top plate along the direction vertical to the shoreline is 2-3m, the height of the end of the arc-shaped top plate facing the sea from the ground surface is 40-60cm, and the height of the end of the arc-shaped top plate facing the shore from the ground surface is 10-15cm; and/or the distance between the side plates along the direction of the shore line is 50-100cm; and/or the arc-shaped top plate, the side plates and the bottom plate are integrated by HDPE plates through hot melting and bonding; and/or the thicknesses of the arc-shaped top plate, the side plates and the bottom plate are all 3-5mm.

9. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 8 wherein: the inclined closing-in opening is also provided with a spare extending section, one end of the extending section facing the bank is a downward inclined closing-in opening, and an inclined baffle plate is arranged at the inclined closing-in opening; and/or the inclined baffle is connected to one end of the extending section facing the shore through a hinge; and/or the thickness of the inclined baffle plate is 1-2mm.

10. The sandy coast and island siltation promotion and land building system according to claim 1 wherein: the triangular sand barrier comprises a square frame and an HDPE net wound and fixed on the square frame to form a frame net; the top parts of the two frame nets are connected through hinges, and the bottom parts of the two frame nets are fixed through fixing rods respectively to form a stable triangular wind shielding structure; and/or the length of the frame net is 2-3m, and the height is 1.5-1.8m; and/or the opening angle of the tops of the two frame nets is 50-70 degrees; and/or the length of the fixing rod is 60-80cm.

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