CN115216776A - Natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time sequence prediction - Google Patents
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- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural gas pipe network constant potential rectifier output optimization method based on time sequence prediction, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a pipeline potential model, and obtaining the relation between a pipe site location and output current of a constant potential rectifier; s2, acquiring a stray current potential data set, and predicting an interference potential predicted value according to the stray current potential data set; s3, constructing an output optimization objective function of the potentiostat, and calculating to obtain the optimal output current of the potentiostat in the current period; the stray current prediction method is based on a field measured data set, has reliable data and can accurately predict the potential of the stray current; the constructed optimization algorithm comprises all cathode protection piles on the cathode protection section, the coverage range is wide, and the solving result can meet the cathode protection requirement to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas pipeline cathode protection, in particular to a natural gas pipe network constant potential rectifier output optimization method based on time sequence prediction.
Background
Stray current is used for reducing the corrosion speed of a buried oil and gas pipeline, cathode protection is a main corrosion prevention measure of the buried oil and gas pipeline, a potentiostat is necessary equipment in a cathode protection system, and the pipeline ground potential is kept between-0.85V and-1.2V by applying external current to the pipeline. However, in practical engineering, due to the influence of stray current generated by subways and the like, the pipe-to-ground potential often deviates from the safety interval, so that the corrosion rate of the pipeline is obviously accelerated, and therefore the output current of the potentiostat needs to be determined again.
For example, a "subway stray current corrosion protection method for buried pipelines" disclosed in chinese patent literature, the publication number thereof is: CN110750880A, discloses estimating the polarization potential of the pipeline by constructing a state equation and an observation equation and applying an unscented Kalman filtering algorithm; constructing a fitness function and determining the optimal installation position of the potentiostat, the minimum output current of the potentiostat and the number of the potentiostats by applying an optimization algorithm, wherein the stray current pipeline corrosion prevention subsystem transmits information such as position coordinates, output current, output voltage, soil humidity, temperature and the like of the potentiostat to network terminal equipment through a network; finally, the output current of each potentiostat is predicted by using a wavelet neural network, and the method is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that stray current seriously affects output current of a potentiostat in the prior art, the invention provides a time sequence prediction-based output optimization method for a natural gas pipe network potentiostat, which can realize optimal output of the potentiostat by calculating interference prediction, establishing an optimization equation and optimizing a single target.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time sequence prediction comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a pipeline potential model, and acquiring the relation between a pipe site and output current of a potentiostat;
s2, acquiring a stray current potential data set, and predicting an interference potential predicted value according to the stray current potential data set;
and S3, constructing an output optimization objective function of the potentiostat, and calculating to obtain the optimal output current of the potentiostat in the current period. The output current of the natural gas public health instrument can be calculated through a time sequence prediction and optimization algorithm, pipe-ground potentials collected by all negative protection piles in one negative protection section for 30 days are used as a data set, the pipe-ground potentials are subjected to difference with a pipe-ground potential theoretical calculation result to obtain a stray current potential for 30 days, then the obtained stray current interference potential is put into an ARIMA algorithm model to be trained to obtain an interference potential prediction value in a certain period of the next day, a constant potential instrument output current optimization equation containing the prediction value is constructed, a weight coefficient is introduced to convert an optimization target of the optimization equation into a single target, and the optimal output current of the constant potential instrument can be obtained after calculation. The prediction result is accurate, the optimization range is wide, and the solution result can meet the cathodic protection requirement to the maximum extent.
Preferably, S1 includes the following steps:
s11, dividing the whole natural gas pipe network into a plurality of cathode protective sections by taking the insulated joints on the two sides of the pipeline as boundaries, and establishing a pipe-to-ground potential model by taking the cathode protective sections as an example;
s12, changing the output current of the potentiostat, sampling the pipe-to-pipe potential by using a cathode protection pile, obtaining a sampled potential signal, and obtaining the relation between the pipe-to-pipe potential and the output current of the potentiostat through linear fitting. Obtaining the relation u between the pipe-to-ground potential and the output current of the constant potential rectifier through linear fitting (i) (I)＝R (i) I+u i0 In the formula, R i Is an equivalent resistance u i0 Is the natural potential when no pipe current is applied. The relation between the tube-to-ground potential and the output current of the constant potential rectifier can be obtained.
Preferably, S11 includes the following steps:
s111, drawing a relation graph between the pipe-to-ground potential and the output of the constant potential rectifier of each cathode protection pile sampling point on the cathode protection section;
s112, establishing a current differential equation of the negative section;
and S113, substituting the boundary conditions and solving. The change rule of the current on the pipeline can be obtained.
Preferably, S2 includes the following steps:
s21, reducing the pipe-to-ground potential acquisition frequency of the cathode protective piles on the cathode protective section pipeline, and continuously acquiring and uploading the pipe-to-ground potential acquisition frequency to a server to obtain a pipe-to-ground potential current data set; changing the pipe-to-ground potential acquisition frequency of the Yin Bao pile on the Yin Bao section pipeline to 5 min/time, continuously acquiring for 30 days and uploading to a server to obtain u i (t)；
S22, subtracting the output current of the constant potential rectifier from the pipe-to-pipe potential to obtain a stray current potential data set; using u as a calculation time node for 24h i (t) subtracting u i (I) The stray current potential e of each day of the past 30 days is obtained i (t)，e i (t)＝{x i (1),x i (2),x i (3)…x i (m)}，x i (m) is potential data uploaded by the negative protection piles;
and S23, calculating an interference potential predicted value according to the stray current potential data set. E is to be i (t) training an ARIMA algorithm model to obtain an interference potential predicted value e of a certain time period on the next day is And check the validity of the model.
Preferably, S22 further includes training the stray current potential data set by an ARIMA algorithm model to obtain a predicted interference potential value. An accurate prediction of the stray current potential can be obtained.
Preferably, the constructing of the potentiostat output optimization objective function in S3 includes:
s311, constructing an optimization objective function according to the minimum corrosion degree of the cathode protective segment;
s312, determining a constraint condition that the output current of the potentiostat cannot be larger than the maximum output current;
and S313, constructing an optimization function according to the optimization target and the constraint condition. Thereby obtaining a pipe-to-ground potential optimization function considering the interference potential predicted value.
Preferably, the current-period potentiostat optimal output current in S3 includes: and converting the solved multi-objective optimization function into a single-objective optimization function by adopting a weighting coefficient. It is guaranteed to cover all protection potentials in different environments on one cathodic protection segment.
The invention has the following advantages:
the stray current prediction method is based on a field measured data set, has reliable data and can accurately predict the potential of the stray current; the constructed optimization algorithm comprises all cathode protection piles on the cathode protection section, the coverage range is wide, and the solving result can meet the cathode protection requirement to the maximum extent.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an output optimization method of a natural gas pipe network potentiostat based on time sequence prediction in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the potentiostat and the cathode protective pile in a cathode protective section of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a guardian section in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the bit value of the theoretical point and the measured potential value in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method for establishing the pipe-to-ground potential prediction model by using the ARIMA algorithm in the invention.
In the figure:
1-an insulated joint; 2-a pipeline; 3-a potentiostat; 4-protecting piles from yin; 5-server.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the described examples are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention discloses a method for optimizing the output of a potentiostat for a natural gas pipeline network based on time sequence prediction, which comprises the following steps:
SS1: the insulating joints 1 on two sides of the pipeline are used as boundaries to divide the whole natural gas pipeline network into a plurality of negative protection sections.
And SS2: taking a cathode protection segment as an example, a pipeline potential model is established:
(1) Drawing the pipe-to-ground potential u of each sampling point 4 of the cathodic protection piles on the cathodic protection section i A relation graph between the output I of the potentiostat 3 and the output I of the potentiostat;
(2) Establishing a current differential equation of a negative section:
in impressed current cathodic protection systems for buried pipelines, the positive pole of a power supply is connected with an auxiliary anode, and the negative pole of the power supply is connected with a protected pipeline, and the connection point is called a confluence point (or electrifying point). The protection current flows to the pipeline after entering the soil from the anode, the current flowing on two sides of the electrified point of the pipeline is converged to the electrified point from two sides, and then flows back to the cathode of the power supply along the cable. Therefore, the current value of the junction point is maximum, and the protection potential is also most negative.
Let the resistance of the metal pipe per unit length be r T (omega/m) and the transition resistance of the anticorrosive coating per unit area is R D (Ω/m 2); the transition resistance of the current flowing from the soil into the pipeline of the anti-corrosion layer in unit length is R T (omega/m). If the pipe outer diameter is D (m), then there are:
the current increase on the dx element is the protection current flowing from the soil into the pipe on this element, according to ohm's law:
as current flows through the pipe, it propagates radially within the pipe. Assuming that I is a constant in the dx region, the voltage drop due to the metal self-resistance is:
dE＝-(I·r T )dx (3)；
the negative sign in the above equation indicates that the direction of current flow is opposite to the x increment direction.
The second derivative is calculated for the equations (1) and (2) and
the following can be obtained:
solving the second-order constant coefficient homogeneous differential equation to obtain a general solution:
I＝Ae αx +Be -αx (5)；
(3) Substituting boundary conditions and solving:
for a long-distance pipeline, assuming infinite extension, impressed current cathodic polarization makes the protective potential at the electrified point of the pipeline reach the maximum value E 0 And the flow decreases towards both sides along the pipeline, and theoretically, infinity should approach zero. The boundary conditions are thus obtained:
at the confluence point: x =0,I = I 0 ，E＝E 0 ；
At infinity: x = ∞, I =0, E =0
By substituting this boundary condition into the formula (5), it is possible to obtain:
A＝0，B＝I 0 (6)；
the current change rule on the pipeline obtained at this time is as follows:
I＝I 0 e -αx (7)；
it can be known that, when the environment is constant, the ratio of the current values flowing through the pipe sections is constant.
(4) Changing the output current of the potentiostat, sampling the pipe-to-pipe ground potential by using a cathode protection pile, acquiring a sampled potential signal, and acquiring the relation between the pipe-to-pipe ground potential and the output current of the potentiostat through linear fitting:
u (i) (I)＝R (i) I+u i0 (8)；
wherein R is i Is an equivalent resistance u i0 Is the natural potential when no pipe current is applied.
And SS3: changing the pipe-to-ground potential acquisition frequency of the Yin guarantor pile on the pipeline 2 of the Yin guarantor section to 5 min/time, continuously acquiring for 30 days and uploading to the server 5 to obtain u i (t)；
And SS4: using u as a calculation time node for 24h i (t) subtracting u i (I) The stray current potential e of each day of the past 30 days is obtained i (t)，e i (t)＝{x i (1),x i (2),x i (3)…x i (m)}，x i (m) a potential data uploaded from the female fender post.
And SS5: e is to be i (t) training an ARIMA algorithm model to obtain a predicted value e of the interference potential in a certain period of time on the next day is ：
(1) Measured as e of one day i (t) basic set, constructing zero mean sequence
Wherein
(2) Y was examined using ADE test method (expanded Dickey-Fuller test) i If the stability is not stable, the stability is stabilized by using a conversion method, a polymerization method, a smoothing method, a difference method and a polynomial fitting method, and if the stability is stable, the next operation is directly carried out;
(3) Building an ARIMA model ARIMA (p, d, q) = AR (p) + MA (q) + Difference (d), wherein AR represents an autoregressive model, MA represents a moving average model, difference represents an n-order Difference equation, and p, q and d respectively represent the orders of the AR, MA and Difference models;
(4) The expression of the AR (p) model is:
(5) The expression of the MA (q) model is:
(6) The timing of Difference (d) is determined by the timing smoothing process if y is correct i When the time sequence is subjected to first-order difference smoothing processing, d =1;
(7) Determining the values of p and q by scaling the AR (p) and MA (q) equations by using ACF and PACF functions;
(8) Predicting results and actual fitting conditions using a pipe-to-ground potential detection model actually monitored by the Yin-protecting pile but not in the ARIMA model dataset;
(9) If the fitting degree is high, performing the next step of calculation, otherwise, performing training again;
and SS6: constructing an output optimization objective function of the potentiostat, and solving to obtain the optimal output current I of the potentiostat in the current period:
(1) Constructing an optimized objective function
For any one of the cathodic protection segments, to minimize its erosion, there is an objective function of
min I f i (I)＝(u i (I)+e i (t)-u g ) 2
Wherein I is output current of the constant potential rectifier; u. of g And taking the average value of the boundary conditions of the optimal potential of the pipeline for ideally controlling the potential of the pipeline. According to GB/T21448-2017 buried steel pipeline cathodeThe electrode protection specification states that, in the cathodic protection state, the measured ground potential of the tube must not be greater than-0.85V and must not be less than-1.2V, and therefore:
(2) Determining a constraint condition:
according to the standard, the tube-to-ground potential is not more than-0.85V, the potentiostat is limited by hardware conditions, the output current is not more than the maximum output current, so that the constraint condition is obtained
u i (I)+e i (t)≤-0.85；
0≤I≤I max 。
(3) An optimization function:
and (3) constructing an optimization function according to the optimization target and the constraint condition:
min I f i (I)＝(u i (I)+e i (t)-u g ) 2 ；
s.t.0≤I≤I max ；
u i (I)+e i (t)+0.85≤0，i＝1,2,3…n；
interference potential predicted value e obtained by using ARIMA algorithm is Instead of unknown pipe-to-ground potential e i (t), then the optimization function can be expressed as:
min I f i (I)＝(u i (I)+e is -u g ) 2 ；
s.t.0≤I≤I max ；
u i (I)+e is +0.85≤0，i＝1,2,3…n。
(4) Optimizing the function single-target;
the protection potentials required by pipelines on a cathodic protection section due to the difference of the environments are not completely the same, so a weighting coefficient theta is adopted i Taking the influence of environment into account, and converting the solved multi-objective optimization function into a single-objective optimization function theta i Indicating the magnitude of the requirements for the optimum effect on different pipe sections, for the severity of the soil conditionsLocation of bad pipe susceptible to corrosion, theta i Taking a larger value, the optimization function turns into:
s.t.0≤I≤I max ；
u i (I)+e is +0.85≤0，i＝1,2,3…n；
the obtained I is the optimal output current I of the constant potential rectifier * 。
As shown in fig. 5, the process of establishing the pipe-ground potential prediction model by using the ARIMA algorithm comprises the steps of establishing a pipe-ground potential monitoring time sequence, then judging stationarity, performing stabilization processing if the stationarity criterion is not met, establishing an ARIMA model if the stationarity criterion is met, then determining an order of the AR model, determining a difference order, determining an order of the MA model, then establishing a complete ARIMA model according to a response order, and finally verifying the model effect by using known data.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time sequence prediction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a pipeline potential model, and obtaining the relation between a pipe site location and output current of a constant potential rectifier;
s2, acquiring a stray current potential data set, and predicting an interference potential predicted value according to the stray current potential data set;
and S3, constructing an output optimization objective function of the potentiostat, and calculating to obtain the optimal output current of the potentiostat in the current period.
2. The natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time series prediction as claimed in claim 1, wherein S1 includes the following steps:
s11, dividing the whole natural gas pipe network into a plurality of cathode protective sections by taking the insulated joints on the two sides of the pipeline as boundaries, and establishing a pipe-to-ground potential model by taking the cathode protective sections as an example;
s12, changing the output current of the potentiostat, sampling the pipe-to-ground potential by using the cathode protective pile, acquiring a sampled potential signal, and acquiring the relation between the pipe-to-ground potential and the output current of the potentiostat through linear fitting.
3. The natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time series prediction as claimed in claim 2, wherein S11 comprises the following steps:
s111, drawing a relation graph between the pipe-to-ground potential and the output of the constant potential rectifier of each cathode protection pile sampling point on the cathode protection section;
s112, establishing a current differential equation of the negative section;
and S113, substituting the boundary conditions and solving.
4. The natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time series prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein S2 comprises the following steps:
s21, reducing the pipe-to-ground potential acquisition frequency of the cathode protective piles on the cathode protective section pipeline, and continuously acquiring and uploading the pipe-to-ground potential acquisition frequency to a server to obtain a pipe-to-ground potential current data set;
s22, subtracting the output current of the constant potential rectifier from the pipe-to-ground potential to obtain a stray current potential data set;
and S23, calculating an interference potential predicted value according to the stray current potential data set.
5. The natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time series prediction as claimed in claim 3, wherein S22 further comprises training a stray current potential data set by an ARIMA algorithm model to obtain an interference potential prediction value.
6. The natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time series prediction as claimed in claim 4, wherein constructing the potentiostat output optimization objective function in S3 comprises:
s311, constructing an optimization objective function according to the minimum corrosion degree of the cathode protective segment;
s312, determining a constraint condition that the output current of the potentiostat cannot be larger than the maximum output current;
and S313, constructing an optimization function according to the optimization target and the constraint condition.
7. The natural gas pipe network potentiostat output optimization method based on time sequence prediction as claimed in claim 6, wherein the current period potentiostat optimal output current in S3 comprises: and converting the solved multi-objective optimization function into a single-objective optimization function by adopting a weighting coefficient.
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| CN115852377A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-03-28 | 南京焱盛科技有限公司 | Distributed control method and system of cathode protection integrated device |
| CN116341912A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-06-27 | 北京市燃气集团有限责任公司 | Method and device for evaluating corrosion risk of gas pipeline based on corrosion control unit |
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