CN115216697A - Manufacturing method for improving heat treatment performance of low alloy steel after simulated welding - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for improving heat treatment performance of low alloy steel after simulated welding Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method for simulating post-weld heat treatment performance of high-low alloy steel, which adopts the technical scheme that the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: step S1, preparing a low alloy steel blank; step S2, forging, which comprises the following steps: the first process step is as follows: heating the low alloy steel blank to 1230 +/-14 ℃; the second step is as follows: forging the low alloy steel blank, wherein the forging ratio of the low alloy steel blank is controlled to be 5-7; the third step is as follows: directly returning the forged low alloy steel blank to the furnace, heating to 1050 ℃ for heat preservation, and S3, quenching the low alloy steel workpiece, wherein the method comprises the following steps: preheating in the first stage: heating the workpiece to 600 +/-50 ℃ and preserving heat; preheating in the second stage: heating the workpiece to 850 +/-50 ℃ and preserving heat; preheating in the third stage: heating the workpiece to 910 +/-14 ℃ and preserving heat; and S4, tempering the low alloy steel workpiece, and the invention has the advantages of changing element equivalent, improving Ceq, improving alloy matrix strength, matching with corresponding forging and heat treatment, refining structure, reducing harmful phases and prolonging the service life of the low alloy steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of alloy steel manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method for improving the heat treatment performance of low alloy steel after simulated welding.
Background
The low alloy steel is alloy steel with the total amount of alloy elements less than 5%, the strength of the low alloy steel is generally 1.4 times higher than that of carbon structural steel, the yield point of the low alloy steel is high, and the low alloy steel can be suitable for shearing, punching and machining. The low alloy steel has better weldability, cutting performance, hardenability of a large section, cold processing and hot processing performances and the like, and simultaneously, the low cost of the material is considered. Therefore, the low alloy steel is widely applied to engineering machinery, ships, bridges, high-rise buildings, boilers, pressure vessels, electric equipment and the like.
With the increasingly strict use environment and design requirements of low alloy steel, the performance requirements of low alloy steel are increasingly higher. In engineering practice, it is found that the mechanical properties of the low alloy steel are reduced to a certain extent after the metal material is subjected to postweld heat treatment for a long time, and the reduction of the impact properties is mainly reflected in that the low alloy steel at-10 ℃ low temperature impact is difficult to meet the design requirements, the size simulation requirements are also met, the machining process is strictly controlled, the relative production difficulty is high, the harmful phase of the low alloy steel is also difficult to control, and the service life of the low alloy steel is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a manufacturing method for improving the heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel after simulated welding, which has the advantages of changing element equivalent, improving Ceq (carbon equivalent), improving the strength of an alloy matrix, matching with corresponding forging and heat treatment, refining a structure, reducing harmful phases and prolonging the service life of the low alloy steel.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method for improving the simulated postweld heat treatment performance of low alloy steel comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a low alloy steel blank: feeding all metal raw materials into a furnace to be heated and melted, and then cooling to obtain a low alloy steel blank;
step S2, forging, which comprises the following steps:
a first process step: heating the low alloy steel blank to 1230 +/-14 ℃;
the second process step: forging the low alloy steel blank, wherein the forging ratio of the low alloy steel blank is controlled to be 5-7;
the third step is as follows: directly returning the forged low alloy steel blank to the furnace, heating to 1050 ℃ for heat preservation, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a low alloy steel workpiece;
step S3, quenching the low alloy steel workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
preheating in the first stage: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth at the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, and then the workpiece is heated to 600 +/-50 ℃ for heat preservation;
preheating in the second stage: heating the workpiece to 850 +/-50 ℃ and preserving heat;
preheating in the third stage: heating the workpiece to 910 +/-14 ℃, preserving the temperature, and then discharging the workpiece from the furnace and cooling the workpiece to room temperature by water;
step S4, tempering the low alloy steel workpiece: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth with the temperature less than or equal to 300 ℃, the workpiece is heated to 630 +/-8 ℃, and then air-cooled to room temperature. .
Further, in step S1, the low alloy steel includes elements in percentage by mass: c:0.21 to 0.25 percent; si:0.15 to 0.35 percent; mn:0.95 to 1.05 percent; cr:0.2 to 0.25 percent; ni:0.2 to 0.3 percent; mo:0.01 to 0.03 percent; v:0.03 to 0.05 percent; al:0.02 to 0.04 percent; cu:0.05 to 0.15 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; balance Fe, ceq (carbon equivalent): 0.48 to 0.5 percent.
Furthermore, in the second step of the step S2, the finish forging temperature of the low alloy steel blank is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
Further, in the third step of step S2, the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.8 to 1.0mm/min, and the cooling mode is air cooling.
Furthermore, in the first stage of preheating in the step S3, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Furthermore, in the second stage of preheating in the step S3, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Furthermore, in the third stage of preheating in the step S3, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to v and less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 1.0-1.2 mm/min.
Further, in the third stage of preheating in the step S3, the initial temperature of the water tank is less than 30 ℃, the water tank is cooled by circulating water, and the cooling water temperature is controlled to be less than or equal to 39 ℃.
Further, in the third stage of preheating in the step S3, the transfer time from the discharging of the workpiece to the launching is controlled within 90S.
Further, in step S4, the heating rate is controlled to be between O and 80 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is between 2.0 and 2.4mm/min.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. redesigning alloy formula, further adjusting contents of Cr, ni, V, mo, cu and Al, improving Ceq (carbon equivalent), wherein the metal elements are necessary metal elements for precipitation strengthening phase, improving the diversification degree of alloy structure, increasing the strength of matrix and having good influence on low-temperature stability.
2. The forging ratio, the finish forging temperature and the cooling parameters after forging are accurately controlled, the coarse crystal structure is crushed, and the inclusion is beneficial to refining the grain structure to the maximum extent, the forging ratio reaches 5-7, and the optimal balance is obtained between the alloy performance and the forging efficiency.
3. The heating temperature of the forging heat treatment is strictly controlled to be 1230 +/-14 ℃, so that the precipitation of high-temperature ferrite caused by overheating is avoided, the austenite proportion is reduced, and the refining of alloy grains is influenced.
4. Because the content of trace metal components is higher than that of common low alloy steel, the heat conductivity of the material is caused, so that the heating speed, the charging temperature and the heat preservation time are strictly controlled in the two preheating stages, the thermal stress of a workpiece caused by the internal and external temperature difference is reduced, the alloy elements are fully dissolved, the heat preservation time is prolonged in the high-temperature treatment stage, the temperature rise speed is increased, and finally the austenite is enabled to be converted into a fine martensite structure to the maximum extent.
5. Because internal stress is accumulated in the alloy in the forging process and the quenching and cooling process, if the internal stress is accumulated to a certain degree, even the grain structure can crack, and in severe cases, the crack can extend to crack a workpiece, so the tempering is carried out, the heating speed and the heat preservation time are strictly controlled, the maximum release of the internal stress is ensured, and the overburning of the structure is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the steps of a manufacturing process for improving the simulated post weld heat treatment properties of low alloy steels.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic image of the sample of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a gold phase diagram of the sample in example 2.
FIG. 4 is a gold phase diagram of the sample in example 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.
Example 1:
a manufacturing method for simulating the heat treatment performance after welding of high-low alloy steel is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a low alloy steel blank: and feeding each metal raw material into a furnace to be heated and melted, and then cooling to obtain a low alloy steel blank. The low alloy steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c:0.21 to 0.25 percent; si:0.15 to 0.35 percent; mn:0.95 to 1.05 percent; cr:0.2 to 0.25 percent; ni:0.2 to 0.3 percent; mo:0.01 to 0.03 percent; v:0.03 to 0.05 percent; al:0.02 to 0.04 percent; cu:0.05 to 0.15 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; balance Fe, ceq (carbon equivalent): 0.48 to 0.5 percent.
Step S2, forging, which comprises the following steps:
the first process step is as follows: the low alloy steel billet was heated to 1215 ℃.
The second step is as follows: forging the low alloy steel blank, wherein the forging ratio of the low alloy steel blank is controlled to be 5-7, and the finish forging temperature of the blank is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
The third step is as follows: directly returning the forged low alloy steel blank to the furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, preserving the heat, wherein the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.8-1.0 mm/min, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the cooling mode is air cooling, thus obtaining the low alloy steel workpiece.
Step S3, quenching the low alloy steel workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
preheating in the first stage: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth at the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, then the workpiece is heated to 550 ℃ for heat preservation, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Preheating in the second stage: heating the workpiece to 800 ℃ for heat preservation, controlling the heating rate to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and controlling the standard of the heat preservation time to be 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Preheating in the third stage: heating the workpiece to 897 ℃ for heat preservation, controlling the heating rate to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, controlling the heat preservation time standard to be 1.0-1.2 mm/min, then discharging the workpiece from the furnace and cooling the workpiece to the room temperature, controlling the transfer time of the workpiece from the furnace to the water discharge to be within 90S, controlling the initial temperature of a water pool for cooling to be less than 30 ℃, cooling the water pool by adopting circulating water, and controlling the temperature of the cooling water to be less than or equal to 39 ℃ all the time.
Step S4, tempering the low alloy steel workpiece: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth with the temperature less than or equal to 300 ℃, the workpiece is heated to 622 ℃, the temperature rise rate is controlled to be between O and 80 ℃/h, the standard of the heat preservation time is between 2.0 and 2.4mm/min, and then the workpiece is cooled to the room temperature by air.
Example 2:
the different steps from the embodiment are as follows:
step S2, forging, which comprises the following steps:
a first process step: heating the low alloy steel blank to 1230 ℃;
the second step is as follows: forging the low alloy steel blank, wherein the forging ratio of the low alloy steel blank is controlled to be 5-7, and the finish forging temperature of the blank is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
The third step is as follows: directly returning the forged low alloy steel blank to the furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, preserving the heat, wherein the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.8-1.0 mm/min, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the cooling mode is air cooling, thus obtaining the low alloy steel workpiece.
Step S3, quenching the low alloy steel workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
preheating in the first stage: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth at the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, then the workpiece is heated to 600 ℃ for heat preservation, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Preheating in the second stage: heating the workpiece to 850 ℃ and preserving heat, wherein the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the preserving heat time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Preheating in the third stage: heating the workpiece to 910 ℃ for heat preservation, controlling the heating rate to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, controlling the standard of the heat preservation time to be 1.0-1.2 mm/min, then discharging the workpiece from a furnace and cooling the workpiece to the room temperature, controlling the transfer time of the workpiece from the furnace to the water discharge to be within 90S, controlling the initial temperature of a water tank for cooling to be less than 30 ℃, cooling the water tank by adopting circulating water, and controlling the temperature of the cooling water to be less than or equal to 39 ℃ all the time.
Step S4, tempering the low alloy steel workpiece: loading the workpiece into a hearth at the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, heating the workpiece to 630 ℃, controlling the heating rate to be between O and 80 ℃/h, keeping the temperature standard to be between 2.0 and 2.4mm/min, and then cooling the workpiece to room temperature in air.
Example 3:
the different steps from the embodiment are as follows:
step S2, forging, which comprises the following steps:
the first process step is as follows: heating the low alloy steel blank to 1244 ℃;
the second step is as follows: forging the low alloy steel blank, wherein the forging ratio of the low alloy steel blank is controlled to be 5-7, and the finish forging temperature of the blank is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
The third step is as follows: directly returning the forged low alloy steel blank to the furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, preserving the heat, wherein the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.8-1.0 mm/min, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the cooling mode is air cooling, thus obtaining the low alloy steel workpiece.
Preheating in the first stage: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth at the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, then the workpiece is heated to 550 ℃ for heat preservation, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Preheating in the second stage: heating the workpiece to 900 ℃ and preserving the temperature, controlling the heating rate to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and keeping the standard of the preserving time at 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
Preheating in the third stage: heating the workpiece to 924 ℃ for heat preservation, controlling the heating rate to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, controlling the standard of the heat preservation time to be 1.0-1.2 mm/min, then discharging the workpiece from the furnace, cooling the workpiece to the room temperature, controlling the transfer time of the workpiece from the furnace to the water discharge to be within 90S, controlling the initial temperature of a water pool for cooling to be less than 30 ℃, cooling the water pool by adopting circulating water, and controlling the temperature of the cooling water to be less than or equal to 39 ℃ all the time.
Step S4, tempering the low alloy steel workpiece: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth with the temperature less than or equal to 300 ℃, the workpiece is heated to 638 ℃, the heating rate is controlled to be between O and 80 ℃/h, the heat preservation time standard is 2.0 to 2.4mm/min, and then the workpiece is cooled to the room temperature by air.
And (3) metallographic detection of the sample:
sample 1:
the detection method comprises the following steps: GB/T6394-2017 (quenching method).
And (3) detection results: grade 7.5, the grain size is shown in figure 2.
And (4) acceptance standard: more than 90% of the regions require that the grain size is more than or equal to 6 grades, the grain size thicker than 5 grades is not allowed to appear, and the grain size grade difference in the same field is less than or equal to 3 grades.
Sample 2:
the detection method comprises the following steps: GB/T6394-2017 (quenching method).
And (3) detection results: grade 6.0, grain size is shown in figure 3.
And (4) acceptance standard: more than 90% of the regions require that the grain size is more than or equal to 6 grades, the grain size thicker than 5 grades is not allowed to appear, and the grain size grade difference in the same field is less than or equal to 3 grades.
Sample 3:
the detection method comprises the following steps: GB/T6394-2017 (quenching method).
And (3) detection results: grade 7.5, grain size is shown in figure 4.
And (4) acceptance standard: more than 90% of the regions require that the grain size is more than or equal to grade 6, the grain size coarser than grade 5 is not allowed to appear, and the grade difference of the grain size in the same field is less than or equal to grade 3.
And (3) mechanical testing: the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
And (4) conclusion: the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy in the normal state and after the simulated welding of the alloy meet the technical requirements.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated postweld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, preparing a low alloy steel blank: feeding all metal raw materials into a furnace to be heated and melted, and then cooling to obtain a low alloy steel blank;
step S2, forging, which comprises the following steps:
the first process step is as follows: heating the low alloy steel blank to 1230 +/-14 ℃;
the second step is as follows: forging the low alloy steel blank, wherein the forging ratio of the low alloy steel blank is controlled to be 5-7;
the third step: directly returning the forged low alloy steel blank to the furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, preserving the heat, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a low alloy steel workpiece;
step S3, quenching the low alloy steel workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
preheating in the first stage: the workpiece is loaded in a hearth with the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, and then the workpiece is heated to 600 +/-50 ℃ for heat preservation;
preheating in the second stage: heating the workpiece to 850 +/-50 ℃ and preserving heat;
preheating in the third stage: heating the workpiece to 910 +/-14 ℃, preserving the temperature, and then discharging the workpiece from the furnace and cooling the workpiece to room temperature by water;
step S4, tempering the low alloy steel workpiece: the workpiece is loaded into a hearth with the temperature less than or equal to 300 ℃, the workpiece is heated to 630 +/-8 ℃, and then air-cooled to room temperature.
2. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step S1, the low alloy steel comprises the elements, in mass percent: c:0.21 to 0.25 percent; si:0.15 to 0.35 percent; mn:0.95 to 1.05 percent; cr:0.2 to 0.25 percent; ni:0.2 to 0.3 percent; mo:0.01 to 0.03 percent; v:0.03 to 0.05 percent; al:0.02 to 0.04 percent; cu:0.05 to 0.15 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; balance Fe, ceq (carbon equivalent): 0.48 to 0.5 percent.
3. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second step of step S2, the finish forging temperature of the low alloy steel blank is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
4. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third step of step S2, the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.8-1.0 mm/min, and the cooling mode is air cooling.
5. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the first stage of preheating in the step S3, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
6. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second stage of preheating in the step S3, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.6 mm/min.
7. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third stage of preheating in the step S3, the heating rate is controlled to be more than O ℃/h and less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is 1.0-1.2 mm/min.
8. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third stage of preheating in the step S3, the initial temperature of the water tank is less than 30 ℃, the water tank is cooled by circulating water, and the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be less than or equal to 39 ℃.
9. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third-stage preheating of the step S3, the transfer time from the discharging of the workpiece to the launching is controlled within 90S.
10. The manufacturing method for improving the simulated post-weld heat treatment performance of the low alloy steel according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step S4, the heating rate is controlled to be between O and 80 ℃/h, and the standard of the heat preservation time is between 2.0 and 2.4mm/min.
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Application publication date: 20221021 |