CN115215519A - Detoxification method of thallium-polluted river sediment - Google Patents
Detoxification method of thallium-polluted river sediment Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detoxification method of thallium-polluted river sediment, which comprises the following steps: mixing a sulfur-based flocculant into the thallium-polluted river sediment, uniformly stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain flocculated river sediment; drying, grinding and carbonizing the flocculated river sediment in a carbonization furnace to obtain carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder; adding water into 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane for dilution to prepare a 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution; mixing the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution with carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder, uniformly stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain mercapto-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder; and (3) mixing the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated sludge powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment, uniformly stirring and aging to obtain the detoxified sediment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation, and relates to a detoxification method of thallium-contaminated river sediment.
Background
Thallium is a highly toxic heavy metal element, generally has a lethal dose of 12mg/kg, can be absorbed by human body through intestinal tract and respiratory tract, and causes symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal colic, diarrhea, optic atrophy, muscular atrophy, toxic encephalopathy and the like. The thallium content in the water body is generally less than 0.05 mug/L under the natural background, and the thallium concentration in the drinking water is definitely not more than 0.1 mug/L according to the sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749) in China. Thallium slag and tailings illegally dumped caused by disordered mining of thallium-containing ore deposits, private discharge of thallium-containing industrial wastewater, excessive use of thallium-containing chemical fertilizers and the like easily cause significant increase of thallium content in surrounding soil and water, and obvious thallium pollution is caused.
Thallium pollutant which excessively enters soil and water cannot be removed through ecological degradation, but can cause harm to animals and plants in a polluted area through food chain enrichment. Thallium entering the river channel can be adsorbed into the bottom sediment of the river channel and released into the water body again from the bottom sediment after flood and heavy rain, thus causing continuous pollution of wider area. Therefore, the method solves the problem of thallium pollution in the river water body, and realizes the detoxification of the river sediment is the key.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a detoxification method of thallium-polluted river sediment, which can obviously improve the thallium pollution condition of the river sediment.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a detoxification method of thallium-polluted river sediment, which comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing a sulfur-based flocculant into the thallium-polluted river sediment, uniformly stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain flocculated river sediment;
2) Drying, grinding and carbonizing the flocculated river sediment in a carbonization furnace to obtain carbonized flocculated consolidated mud powder;
3) Mixing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution with carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder to ensure that the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane is adsorbed on carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder particles and wraps the carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder particles; stirring uniformly, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain sulfydryl modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder;
4) Mixing the sulfydryl modified carbonization flocculation consolidation mud powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculation river sediment, so that sulfydryl loaded on the sulfydryl modified carbonization flocculation consolidation mud powder can selectively adsorb thallium pollutants leached from pore liquid of the flocculation river sediment, and the sulfydryl modified carbonization flocculation consolidation mud powder is stabilized on the sulfydryl modified carbonization flocculation consolidation mud powder in a complexing coordination mode; and then stirring uniformly and aging, and generating geopolymerization reaction and hydration reaction to generate an ettringite intercalated geopolymer through the alkali excitation among the sulfydryl modified carbonized flocculation consolidated mud powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment and the flocculant hydroxyl sweeping action, thereby realizing the thorough detoxification of the thallium-polluted river sediment.
Wherein the mass ratio of the thallium-polluted river sediment to the sulfur-based flocculant is 100.
Wherein the sulfur flocculant is one or two of polyaluminium sulfate flocculant or polyaluminium ferric sulfate flocculant.
Wherein the standing time in the step 1) is 5-15 minutes, so that sludge particles are agglomerated and precipitated, and thallium pollutants in the liquid are enriched in the bottom sludge.
Wherein the carbonization time in the step 2) is 3-12 hours, and the carbonization temperature is 275-1050 ℃. Further, preferably, the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is 300 ℃ to 900 ℃.
Wherein, the volume ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane to the water in the dilute solution of the 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane in the step 3) is 1.
Wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution to the carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder is 0.25-4. Preferably, the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is 0.5-2.5.
Wherein the standing time in the step 3) is 2 to 12 hours.
Wherein, in the step 4), the mass ratio of the mixed sulfydryl modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder to the fly ash to the lime to the flocculated river sediment is 2.5-17.5.
Wherein the aging time in the step 4) is 12 to 36 hours.
The reaction mechanism is as follows: the sulfur flocculant is mixed into the thallium-polluted river sediment, so that the sludge particles can be agglomerated and precipitated, and thallium pollutants in the liquid can be enriched into the sediment. Moreover, in the carbonization process, in addition to the organic matter in the bottom sludge being converted into carbon-based materials (particles) and sulfate radicals in the sulfur-based flocculant being reduced to sulfides, the environmental migration activity of thallium is suppressed by forming sulfide precipitates with thallium contaminants. 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution is mixed with carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder, and 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane is adsorbed on carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder particles and wraps the carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder particles, so that the cohesiveness of the carbonized, flocculated and consolidated mud powder particles, fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment is improved. Meanwhile, in the mixing and stirring process of the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment, the sulfydryl loaded on the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder can selectively adsorb thallium pollutants leached from the pore liquid of the flocculated river sediment and is stabilized on the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder in a complexing coordination mode. The sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment are subjected to geopolymerization reaction and hydration reaction under the alkali excitation effect and the flocculating agent hydroxyl sweeping effect to generate an ettringite intercalated geopolymer, so that the thallium-polluted river sediment is thoroughly detoxified.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the preparation method is simple in preparation process, the sulfydryl modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is prepared by using part of thallium-polluted bottom mud, and a small amount of fly ash and lime are matched for repairing the thallium-polluted bottom mud. The method not only can realize effective stabilization of thallium pollution in the bottom sediment of the river channel and obviously reduce thallium leaching concentration, the minimum leaching concentration is only 0.0034 mug/L, but also obviously improves the tiltability of the bottom sediment of the river channel after restoration, and the relative root growth ratio of the rice root system can reach 134 percent at most.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are commercially available, and are not indicated by manufacturers.
Preparing thallium-polluted river sediment: weighing 1kg of uncontaminated soil sample, then doping 50mg of thallium into the soil sample, adding water into the soil according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1.
Example 1 influence of carbonization temperature of carbonization furnace on detoxification effect of thallium-contaminated river sediment
Mixing the thallium-polluted river sediment and a sulfur-based flocculant according to the mass ratio of 100.5, uniformly stirring, standing for 5 minutes, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the flocculated river sediment, wherein the sulfur-based flocculant is a polyaluminium sulfate flocculant. Drying and grinding the flocculated river sediment, and then placing the ground sediment into a carbonization furnace for carbonization treatment for 3 hours to obtain carbonized and flocculated consolidated sludge powder, wherein the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is 275 ℃, 280 ℃, 290 ℃, 300 ℃, 600 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1050 ℃. Adding water into 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane, diluting by 10 times, and preparing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution. Mixing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution and carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.5 (1 mL/g), uniformly stirring, standing for 2 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the mercapto-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder. And (2) mixing sulfydryl modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder, fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment according to a mass ratio of 2.5.
Toxicity leaching test: and (3) carrying out a toxicity leaching test on the repaired soil sample according to a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method sulfuric acid-nitric acid method (HJ/T299-2007).
And (3) thallium ion concentration detection: thallium concentration in leachate measurement by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (HJ 748-2015).
And (3) repairing the root growth of the soil: the experiment of the root system growth of rice plants in uncontaminated sediment Soil (as a blank control) and the experiment of the root system growth of rice plants in detoxified sediment Soil are performed according to the international standard "Soil quality-Determination of the effects of pollutants on Soil flora-Part 1: method for the measurement of inhibition of root growth (ISO 11269-1-2012). And (4) calculating the relative root growth ratio of the rice according to the test result (the relative root growth ratio of the rice = the root growth length of the rice plant in the soil with the detoxified bottom sediment/the root growth length of the rice plant in the soil with the uncontaminated bottom sediment).
The test results of this example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of carbonization temperature of carbonization furnace on detoxification effect of thallium-contaminated river sediment
Carbonization temperature of carbonization furnace | Thallium extraction concentration (mg/L) | Relative root growth ratio of rice |
275℃ | 0.242 | 103.48% |
280℃ | 0.215 | 108.57% |
290℃ | 0.133 | 111.64% |
300℃ | 0.087 | 115.45% |
600℃ | 0.076 | 118.71% |
900℃ | 0.063 | 122.38% |
950℃ | 0.092 | 113.94% |
1000℃ | 0.145 | 109.36% |
1050℃ | 0.267 | 105.95% |
As can be seen from table 1, when the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is less than 300 ℃ (for example, in table 1, when the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is =290 ℃, 280 ℃, 275 ℃ and lower values not listed in table 1), the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is too low, thallium-polluted river sediment is insufficiently carbonized, the reduction efficiency of sulfate radicals in the sulfur-based flocculant is reduced, and the cohesiveness of the carbonized-flocculated consolidated dust particles with the fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment is deteriorated, so that the thallium leaching concentration of the detoxified thallium-polluted river sediment is significantly increased along with the reduction of the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace, and the relative root growth ratio of rice is significantly reduced along with the reduction of the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace. When the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is equal to 300 ℃ to 900 ℃ (when the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is =300 ℃, 600 ℃, 900 ℃, as in table 1), in addition to the organic matter in the bottom sludge, the carbon-based material (particles) can be converted and the sulfate radical in the sulfur-based flocculant can be reduced to sulfide during carbonization, and the environmental migration activity of thallium is inhibited by forming sulfide precipitates with thallium contaminants. Finally, the thallium leaching concentration of the thallium-polluted substrate sludge after detoxification is lower than 0.09mg/L, and the growth ratio of the rice relative to the root system is larger than 115%. When the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is more than 900 ℃ (for example, in table 1, the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is =950 ℃, 1000 ℃, 1050 ℃ and higher values not listed in table 1), thallium pollutes the river sediment and is overburnt, sulfate radicals in the sulfur-based flocculant are combined with calcium and aluminum elements to generate low-activity particles, so that thallium leaching concentration of the detoxified thallium polluted river sediment is obviously increased along with the further increase of the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace, and the relative root growth ratio of rice is obviously reduced along with the decrease of the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace. Therefore, in summary, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is equal to 300-900 ℃, the detoxification and restoration of the thallium-polluted bottom sediment are most favorably realized.
Example 23 Effect of mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane dilute solution and the liquid-solid ratio of carbonized flocculation consolidated mud powder on detoxification effect of thallium-contaminated river sediment
Mixing the thallium-polluted river sediment and a sulfur-based flocculant according to the mass ratio of 100.5, uniformly stirring, standing for 10 minutes, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the flocculated river sediment, wherein the sulfur-based flocculant is a polyaluminium sulfate flocculant. And (3) drying and grinding the bottom sludge of the flocculation riverway, and then placing the bottom sludge in a carbonization furnace for carbonization treatment for 7.5 hours to obtain carbonized flocculation consolidated sludge powder, wherein the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is 900 ℃. Adding water into 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane, diluting by 55 times, and preparing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution. The following components (1) are mixed according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.25 ml, 0.3 ml. And (2) mixing sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated sludge powder, fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment according to the mass ratio of 10.
The toxicity leaching test, the thallium ion concentration detection and the detection of the root system growth of the restored soil are the same as the example 1.
The test results of this example are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of the liquid-solid ratio of the dilute mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane solution and the carbonized flocculation consolidated mud powder on the detoxification effect of the thallium-contaminated river sediment
As can be seen from table 2, when the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is less than 0.5 g (as in table 2, the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder = 0.4. When the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is equal to 0.5-2.5 (as shown in Table 2, the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is = 0.5. Meanwhile, in the mixing and stirring process of the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment, the sulfydryl loaded on the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder can selectively adsorb thallium pollutants leached from the pore liquid of the flocculated river sediment and is stabilized on the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder in a complexing coordination mode. Finally, the thallium leaching concentration of the detoxified substrate sludge is lower than 0.05mg/L, and the relative root growth ratio of the rice is higher than 126%. When the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is more than 2.5 g (as in table 2, the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder is = 3. Therefore, in summary, combining the benefits and the cost, when the liquid-solid ratio of the 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane dilute solution to the carbonized-flocculated consolidated sludge powder is equal to 0.5-2.5 g, the method is most beneficial to realizing detoxification and restoration of the thallium-polluted substrate sludge.
Example 3 the effect of the mass ratio of the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder, fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment on the detoxification effect of thallium-polluted river sediment
Mixing the thallium-polluted river sediment and a sulfur-based flocculant according to the mass ratio of 100.5, uniformly stirring, standing for 15 minutes, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the flocculated river sediment, wherein the sulfur-based flocculant is a polyaluminium sulfate flocculant. And (3) drying and grinding the bottom sludge of the flocculation riverway, and then placing the bottom sludge in a carbonization furnace for carbonization treatment for 12 hours to obtain carbonized flocculation consolidated sludge powder, wherein the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is 900 ℃. Adding water into 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane, diluting by 100 times, and preparing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution. Mixing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution and carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder according to the liquid-solid ratio of 2.5 mL. The following features are provided for the following features.
The toxicity leaching test, the thallium ion concentration detection and the detection of the root system growth of the restored soil are the same as those in the example 1.
The test results of this example are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of the quality of sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder, fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment on the detoxification effect of thallium-polluted river sediment
As can be seen from table 3, when the mass ratio of the mixed sulfhydryl-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder to the fly ash to the lime to the flocculated river sediment is equal to 2.5-17.5, i.e. 5-15, in the mixing and stirring process of the sulfhydryl-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder to the fly ash to the lime to the flocculated river sediment, the sulfhydryl loaded on the sulfhydryl-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder can selectively adsorb thallium pollutants leached from the pore liquid of the flocculated river sediment and is stabilized on the sulfhydryl-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder by a complex coordination manner. The sulfydryl modified carbonized flocculation consolidated mud powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment are subjected to geopolymerization reaction and hydration reaction under the alkali excitation effect and the flocculating agent hydroxyl sweeping effect to generate an ettringite intercalated geopolymer, so that the thallium-polluted river sediment is thoroughly detoxified. Finally, the thallium leaching concentration of the detoxified substrate sludge is lower than 0.008mg/L, and the relative root growth ratio of the rice is higher than 131%.
Example 4 influence of Sulfur flocculant on detoxification of thallium-contaminated river sediment
Mixing the thallium-polluted river sediment and a sulfur-based flocculant according to the mass ratio of 100.5, uniformly stirring, standing for 15 minutes, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the flocculated river sediment, wherein the sulfur-based flocculant is a polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate flocculant. And (3) drying and grinding the bottom sludge of the flocculation river, and then placing the bottom sludge in a carbonization furnace for carbonization treatment for 12 hours to obtain carbonized flocculation consolidation sludge powder, wherein the carbonization temperature of the carbonization furnace is 900 ℃. Adding water into 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane, diluting by 100 times, and preparing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution. Mixing 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution and carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder according to the liquid-solid ratio of 2.5 mL. And (2) mixing sulfydryl modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated sludge powder, fly ash, lime and flocculated river sediment according to the mass ratio of 17.5.
The toxicity leaching test, the thallium ion concentration detection and the detection of the root system growth of the restored soil are the same as the example 1.
The test results of this example are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of sulfur-series flocculant on detoxification effect of thallium-polluted river sediment
Sulfur flocculant | Thallium leaching concentration (mg/L) | Relative root growth ratio of rice |
Flocculant of polyaluminium sulfate | 0.0052 | 132.54% |
Polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate flocculant | 0.0049 | 133.62% |
As can be seen from Table 4, the detoxification substrate sludge thallium leaching concentration realized by selecting the polyaluminium ferric sulfate flocculant as the sulfur flocculant is 0.0049mg/L, the relative root growth ratio of rice is 133.62%, and the result is close to that of the polyaluminium sulfate flocculant, and the detoxification of the thallium-polluted river substrate sludge can be effectively realized.
Claims (10)
1. A detoxification method of thallium-polluted river sediment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Mixing a sulfur-based flocculant into the thallium-polluted river sediment, uniformly stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain flocculated river sediment;
2) Drying, grinding and carbonizing the flocculated river sediment in a carbonization furnace to obtain carbonized and flocculated consolidated mud powder;
3) Mixing the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane dilute solution with carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder, uniformly stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain mercapto-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder;
4) And (3) mixing the sulfydryl modified carbonized and flocculated consolidated sludge powder, the fly ash, the lime and the flocculated river sediment, uniformly stirring and aging to obtain the detoxified sediment.
2. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the thallium-contaminated river sediment to the sulfur-based flocculant is 100.
3. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur-based flocculant in step 1) is one or both of a polyaluminium sulfate flocculant and a polyaluminum ferric sulfate flocculant.
4. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the standing time in step 1) is 5-15 minutes.
5. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization time in step 2) is 3-12 hours, and the carbonization temperature is 275-1050 ℃.
6. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane to water in the dilute 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane solution in step 3) is 1.
7. The method for detoxifying thallium-polluted river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the dilute 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane solution to the carbonized, flocculated, consolidated mud powder in step 3) is 0.25-4.
8. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to claim 1, wherein the standing time in step 3) is 2-12 hours.
9. The method for detoxifying thallium-polluted river sediment according to claim 1, wherein in step 4), the mass ratio of the sulfhydryl-modified carbonized-flocculated consolidated mud powder to the fly ash to the lime to the flocculated river sediment is 2.5-17.5.
10. The method for detoxifying thallium-contaminated river sediment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the aging time in step 4) is 12 to 36 hours.
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