CN115215512A - Method for treating urban wastewater by using anaerobic reaction system - Google Patents

Method for treating urban wastewater by using anaerobic reaction system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115215512A
CN115215512A CN202210896967.7A CN202210896967A CN115215512A CN 115215512 A CN115215512 A CN 115215512A CN 202210896967 A CN202210896967 A CN 202210896967A CN 115215512 A CN115215512 A CN 115215512A
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China
Prior art keywords
wastewater
digester
sludge
reaction system
solids
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Pending
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CN202210896967.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙震
薛冬梅
顾时雨
王星浩
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Beijing Fengrunming Science And Trade Co ltd
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Beijing Fengrunming Science And Trade Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210896967.7A priority Critical patent/CN115215512A/en
Publication of CN115215512A publication Critical patent/CN115215512A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04Disinfection
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/286Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C02F3/303Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the nitrification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C02F3/305Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the denitrification
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system by treating low concentration wastewater, including municipal sewage, using an anaerobic digester. In some examples, the wastewater stream is separated into a solids-rich portion and a solids-lean portion. The solids-lean fraction is treated, for example to remove nitrogen. The solids-rich fraction is treated in an anaerobic digester, preferably using influent or regenerative concentration. In other examples, the wastewater stream is sent to an anaerobic digester, with a solid-liquid separation stage downstream of the digester returning the active bacteria and undigested organic matter to the digester. Both of these cases may employ a process sequence involving treatment in an anoxic tank followed by nitrification in a nitrification tank, with a portion of the wastewater from the nitrification tank being recycled to the anoxic tank to provide nitrification and denitrification.

Description

Method for treating urban wastewater by using anaerobic reaction system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a process or apparatus for treating wastewater, which may be low concentration wastewater, such as municipal wastewater, involving anaerobic digestion and other biomass processes.
Background
Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion of biomass-containing material. Biogas is typically composed of 50-75% methane and 25-50% carbon dioxide. Other gases such as nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide or oxygen may also be present, but in general the proportion of other gases will not be more than 10% of the biogas. Of these other gases, nitrogen will be the largest constituent. Biogas can be directly combusted with oxygen and thus can be used as a fuel. The methane in the marsh gas can also be concentrated to replace natural gas energy.
Biogas can be produced in the anaerobic digester. The digestion process mainly involves microorganisms, mainly bacteria, which break down or convert the transported raw materials to produce biogas and waste water. The process involves a range of bacterial types and processes, mainly hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis.
The composition of the raw materials is important to the biogas production process. Anaerobic digesters were originally designed primarily for the treatment of manure and sludge. Other raw materials may have different biodegradable material compositions. In general, simple carbohydrates are most easily digested, while macromolecules are more difficult to digest. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the raw material is preferably 20-30. The moisture content or solids concentration may also vary from feedstock to feedstock.
Disclosure of Invention
Several wastewater treatment processes and equipment will be described. The process and apparatus will be more suitable for treating low concentration wastewater, for example municipal wastewater with COD below 1000 mg/L, although other wastewater may be treated. The temperature of the waste water may be at least seasonally 20 ℃ or lower.
In some processes and apparatuses, a wastewater stream is separated into a solids-rich portion and a solids-lean portion by a solids separation step. The separation step preferably removes at least some of the colloidal Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) such that the solids-rich portion comprises 50% or more BOD and 70% or more of the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the wastewater. The solids-rich fraction is treated in an anaerobic digester, preferably with thickening or recuperative thickening of one or more streams of water flowing into the digester.
The solids-lean fraction is treated, for example to remove soluble BOD or nitrogen. When denitrification is required, the solids-lean fraction can be treated by means of nitrification and denitrification. By transferring solids, even colloidal solids, to an anaerobic digester and treating the remaining truly soluble (and easily digestible) BOD or nitrate in an energy efficient bioreactor, less energy can be used to treat wastewater while increasing the production of biogas compared to an activated sludge process that produces wastewater of similar quality.
In some processes and equipment, nitrogen is removed from process streams within wastewater treatment plants by nitrification and denitrification. The process stream is treated in an anoxic tank, wastewater from the anoxic tank is treated in a nitrification tank, and a portion of the wastewater from the nitrification tank is recycled back to the anoxic tank. The feed to the anoxic tank may include wastewater from an anaerobic digester, a digester that treats a portion of the feed wastewater, and a solids-depleted portion of the wastewater. An air scrubbing (or scouring) membrane filtration device may be installed after the nitrification tank. The amount of oxygen transferred to the mixed liquor by the scrubbing air can be used to assist in denitrification. Alternatively, the plant wastewater may be subjected to ozone oxidation to oxidize any remaining nitrites to nitrates.
In another process and apparatus, the wastewater is typically fed directly into an anaerobic digester. The performance of the process can be enhanced by one or more of regenerative thickening, integration with an air scrubbing membrane unit, and treatment of process streams involving nitrification and denitrification.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram giving an overview of a wastewater treatment plant in which an anaerobic digester is fed into a solids-enriched fraction of the wastewater and a solids-reduced fraction of the wastewater is removed by other treatment steps, such as nitrogen or BOD.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a wastewater treatment plant 10. The apparatus 10 has various unit process components and process streams, with raw feed water a (which may be municipal or other low-strength wastewater) entering the primary treatment area 1. The preliminary treatment may include coarse screening of the raw feed water a and removal of grit from the raw feed water a. The coarse screening can be cleaned and compacted, and the gravel can be cleaned. The screener and grit exit the treatment apparatus 10 for treatment by a washed and compacted screener and grit stream I. The primary treated waste stream B, comprising screened and degritted sewage, is directed to Enhanced Primary Treatment (EPT) zone 2.EPT zone 2 removes suspended organic matter, preferably including colloidal matter, to reduce Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and BOD of the primary treated waste stream B, the primary clarifier in the activated sludge process, even though operated with some chemical enhancement to provide more removal than normal removal, typically less than 50% BOD and more than 70% TSS in the pretreated wastewater B. EPT zone 2 preferably removes 50% or more of BOD and 70% or more of TSS in the pretreated wastewater B. BOD removal in EPT zone 2 may include at least some colloidal BOD, and may be 60% or more or 70% or more. The TSS removal rate in EPT region 2 may be 80% or more or 90% or more.
The anaerobic digestion zone 4 treats the primary sludge E and the secondary sludge F by anaerobic digestion, preferably including influent or return sludge concentration and effluent sludge dewatering. Digestion may be carried out in a single stage or a two stage digester. Digestion is best carried out with enhanced solids concentration caused by one or more of primary sludge E thickening, secondary sludge F thickening, regenerative thickening involving recycling of solids separated from the waste stream, or co-digestion of additional waste. Waste digestion sludges are typically dewatered. Digester reflux stream G (including, for example, dewatering liquor and any influent or reheated concentrated wastewater produced during dewatering of the waste sludge) is returned to either stream B or C for further processing. The dewatered and digested sludge cake H is typically used for drying, composting or disposal. The anaerobic digester gas or biogas J produced in the anaerobic digestion zone 4 is preferably used as fuel.
The primary effluent C flows into a secondary or biological treatment zone 3. The secondary treatment is used to remove one or more residual contaminants such as BOD, nitrogen or phosphorus from the primary effluent C. The secondary treatment may also include a further solids separation step. For example, the removal of nitrogen from the primary effluent C may use nitrification and denitrification processes. Final solids separation in the secondary treatment zone 3 can be carried out using a secondary clarifier, membrane, or chemically enhanced microsieve, or the like. The secondary sludge F3 produced by the secondary treatment enters the anaerobic digestion zone 4. The final effluent D is sent to treatment or reuse, optionally after further treatment steps (e.g. disinfection).

Claims (7)

1. A method for treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system, comprising the steps of: injecting the first-stage or second-stage sludge or the mixture of the first-stage or second-stage sludge and the second-stage sludge into an anaerobic digestion tank, and continuously stirring; the solid content in the anaerobic digestion tank is kept at 4 percent or more through regenerative thickening; wherein the primary sludge is produced by primary treatment comprising contact aeration of solids of the wastewater or addition of coagulants or flocculants to the wastewater prior to passage through a clarifier or microporous web, such that the primary sludge contains at least 50% BOD.
2. A method for treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system according to claim 1, comprising extracting the digestate, adding a polymer to the digestate, thickening the digestate, and returning the thickened digestate to the digester.
3. The method for treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system according to claim 1 further comprising wasted sludge waste from the digester; and comprises feeding sludge to the digester at a total solids concentration of 1-5%.
4. The method of claim 1, comprising extracting waste, treating the waste in a screw, drum or centrifugal concentrator, and returning the concentrated sludge to the digester.
5. The method for treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system according to claim 4 wherein substantially no other raw materials are added to the digester.
6. A method of treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system according to claim 1 wherein the digester is operated at 4-6% solids content.
7. The method for treating municipal wastewater using an anaerobic reaction system according to claim 1, wherein the treatment produced by the secondary sludge comprises nitrification and denitrification, anammox bacteria denitrification, passing through the moving bed bioreactor with a hydraulic retention time of 90 minutes or less, or a loading rate of 6 kg BOD per cubic meter of storage tank per day or higher.
CN202210896967.7A 2022-07-28 2022-07-28 Method for treating urban wastewater by using anaerobic reaction system Pending CN115215512A (en)

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CN202210896967.7A CN115215512A (en) 2022-07-28 2022-07-28 Method for treating urban wastewater by using anaerobic reaction system

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009120384A2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Hybrid aerobic and anaerobic wastewater and sludge treatment systems and methods
CN102225825A (en) * 2011-05-09 2011-10-26 余静 Zero-energy-consumption enhanced AB (adsorption-biodegradation) treatment method for urban sewage
CN105263871A (en) * 2013-02-22 2016-01-20 通用电气公司 Wastewater treatment with membrane aerated biofilm and anaerobic digester

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009120384A2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Hybrid aerobic and anaerobic wastewater and sludge treatment systems and methods
CN102225825A (en) * 2011-05-09 2011-10-26 余静 Zero-energy-consumption enhanced AB (adsorption-biodegradation) treatment method for urban sewage
CN105263871A (en) * 2013-02-22 2016-01-20 通用电气公司 Wastewater treatment with membrane aerated biofilm and anaerobic digester

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