CN115214732B - Air supply switching device applied to railway vehicle and control method - Google Patents
Air supply switching device applied to railway vehicle and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115214732B CN115214732B CN202210475774.4A CN202210475774A CN115214732B CN 115214732 B CN115214732 B CN 115214732B CN 202210475774 A CN202210475774 A CN 202210475774A CN 115214732 B CN115214732 B CN 115214732B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
- B61C17/04—Arrangement or disposition of driving cabins, footplates or engine rooms; Ventilation thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Abstract
The invention provides a cab air supply switching control device and a control method applied to a railway vehicle, which solve the defects of the prior art, and can control a program by arranging a switching valve connected with a controller, select a cab air conditioner to exchange heat independently or introduce air after the heat exchange of the cab air conditioner into the cab, thereby meeting the energy-saving and comfort requirements under the load of full refrigeration/heating seasons, improving the comfort of the cab and reducing the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to an air supply switching device and a control method applied to a railway vehicle.
Background
As rail vehicles get higher and higher in speed, people go out more in the city to select subways. In order to ensure proper temperature and fresh air in the cab of the metro vehicle, an air conditioner is generally arranged in the cab independently, the temperature of the air in the cab is controlled, and outdoor fresh air is timely introduced into the cab. The air conditioner is independently arranged for the cab, so that the cold/heat in the cab can be freely controlled, but the cab is limited in space and limited in personnel, the refrigerating/heating requirements in the cab are low in the spring and autumn transition seasons, the fixed-frequency air conditioner unit realizes the output of lower cold quantity through the bypass pipeline, the power consumption is high, the lowest frequency of the operation of the frequency conversion unit realizes the lower cold quantity, but the cold quantity has the minimum limit value, and the temperature fluctuation in the cab is larger, and the temperature is supercooled or overheated. In order to solve the problem, in the existing metro vehicle, part of the vehicle adopts a form of an air supply unit, air after heat exchange in a passenger room is introduced into a cab to exchange heat for the cab, but in the structure, in a high temperature or cold season, the load of a passenger room air conditioner is large, the heat exchange requirements of a driver for fixing and refrigerating and heating the passenger room cannot be met, the temperature in the passenger room and the temperature in the cab are influenced, and the comfort is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an air supply switching device and a control method applied to a railway vehicle, which solve the defects of the prior art, and select a cab air conditioner to exchange heat independently or introduce air after the heat exchange of the cab air conditioner into the cab by arranging a switching valve connected with a controller and a controllable program, thereby meeting the energy-saving and comfort requirements under the load of full refrigeration/heating seasons, improving the comfort of the cab and reducing the energy consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention firstly provides a method for controlling air supply switching applied to a railway vehicle, which has the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides an air supply switching control method for rail vehicle, the cab is equipped with the cab air conditioner, the cab air conditioner is linked together through the intercommunication wind channel with the guest room air conditioner of adjacent guest room, and the intercommunication wind channel is through switching valve control break-make, and control method includes:
s1, judging an air conditioner operation mode;
s2, collecting real-time operation parameters of operation of an air conditioner of a cab;
s3, comparing the real-time operation parameters with control conditions of corresponding operation modes, and entering a step S4 when the conditions are met, otherwise, entering a step S6;
s4, opening a switching valve, enabling a cab air conditioner to enter a ventilation mode, and enabling a passenger room air conditioner to ventilate the cab;
s5, monitoring the indoor temperature of the cab, and entering a step S6 when the indoor temperature exceeds the limit value; otherwise, maintaining the state of the switching valve and repeatedly monitoring the temperature in the cab;
s6, closing the switching valve, independently operating the machine room air conditioner to control the temperature, and returning to the step S1.
Further, the cab air conditioner comprises a fresh air valve, and in step S4, the fresh air valve is closed or opened to a preset angle after the switching valve is opened.
Further, before the operation parameters are collected in step S2, step S20 is further performed,
s20, detecting the running state of the air conditioner in the cab, entering a step S4 when fault information is detected, giving an alarm to prompt, and entering a step S2 when the fault is relieved or the fault information is not detected.
Further, the real-time operation parameters include outdoor temperature Te, and when T1 is smaller than Te and equal to or smaller than T2, the step S4 is performed, wherein T1 and T2 are preset temperature limit values for controlling to open the switching valve.
Further, when T1 is more than Te and less than or equal to T2, and the on time tr of the compressor and/or the heating device of the cab air conditioner is more than or equal to T1, the step S4 is entered, and T1 is the first preset time.
Further, when Te is not more than T1 or Te > T2, the process proceeds to step S6.
Further, in the refrigeration mode, when Te is not more than T3, the cab air conditioner is a constant-frequency air conditioner, and the opening time of the bypass valve is not less than T2, the step S4 is entered, wherein Te is the outdoor temperature, T3 is a preset temperature limit value for controlling the state of the switching valve in the refrigeration mode, and T2 is a second preset time; when the cab air conditioner is a variable frequency air conditioner and the running time tr of the variable frequency compressor is more than or equal to t3, entering a step S4, wherein t3 is a third preset time.
Further, in the heating mode, when Te is more than or equal to T4, the cab air conditioner is a constant-frequency air conditioner, and the opening time of the bypass valve is detected to be more than or equal to T2, the step S4 is entered, wherein Te is the outdoor temperature, T4 is a preset temperature limit value for controlling the state of the switching valve in the heating mode, and T2 is a second preset time; and when the cab air conditioner is a variable-frequency air conditioner and the running time tr of the variable-frequency compressor is more than or equal to t3, entering a step S4, wherein t3 is a third preset time.
Further, in step S5, when Ti-Tic is less than or equal to a, the switching valve is kept in an open state, otherwise, step S6 is entered, wherein Ti is the temperature in the cab, tic is the target temperature in the cab, and a is a preset temperature difference.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an air supply switching device for a railway vehicle, which adopts the following technical scheme:
be applied to rail vehicle's air supply auto-change over device, its characterized in that: the air supply switching control method for the railway vehicle comprises a cab air conditioner, a passenger room air conditioner, a controller and a communication air duct, wherein one end of the communication air duct is communicated with an air outlet air duct of the passenger room air conditioner, the other end of the communication air duct is communicated with an air inlet air duct of the cab air conditioner, a switching valve is arranged in the communication air duct, the controller is connected with the switching valve and is internally provided with the air supply switching control method for the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the working state of the cab air conditioner is controlled, and the passenger room air conditioner is controlled to provide heat exchange air for the cab so as to control the temperature in the cab.
In summary, the air supply switching device and the control method applied to the railway vehicle provided by the invention have the following technical advantages compared with the prior art:
the original air supply system of the cab is redundantly designed by arranging the switching valve, and when the cab air conditioner fails and can not refrigerate or heat, a communication air duct of the cab air conditioner can be connected, so that heat exchange of air in the cab is realized;
the cab air conditioner can be switched between an air conditioning function and an air supply unit function, so that the energy-saving effect in transitional seasons is realized;
when the outdoor temperature is proper and the working loads of the passenger room and the cab are small, the switching valve can be opened, and the passenger room air conditioner can simultaneously meet the refrigerating requirements of the passenger room and the cab, so that the comfort is high and the energy is saved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1: the invention relates to a connecting structure schematic diagram of an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle;
fig. 2: the invention relates to a bottom view of a cab air conditioner in an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle;
fig. 3: the invention relates to a side view of a cab air conditioner in an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle;
fig. 4: the invention relates to a control logic schematic diagram I of an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle;
fig. 5: the invention discloses a control logic schematic diagram II of an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle;
fig. 6: the invention relates to a control logic schematic diagram III of an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle;
in the figure: the air conditioner comprises a cab air conditioner 1, an air inlet duct 2, a switching valve 3, a fresh air valve 4, a fresh air duct 5, a communication duct 6, a passenger room air conditioner 7, a passenger room air outlet duct 8, a cab air outlet duct 9, a fresh air port 10, a return air port 11 and an air supply port 12.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The utility model provides an air supply switching control device for rail vehicle, including cab air conditioner 1, guest room air conditioner 7, controller and intercommunication wind channel 6, the air outlet channel intercommunication of guest room air conditioner 7 is connected to intercommunication wind channel 6 one end, and the other end is connected with the air inlet channel 2 of cab air conditioner 1, and intercommunication wind channel 6 passes through switching valve 3 control break-make, and the controller is connected with switching valve 3 and controls switching valve 3's conduction mode according to predetermineeing control method, controls cab air conditioner 1 operating condition and controls guest room air conditioner 7 and provides heat transfer air to the cab.
The invention provides an air supply switching device applied to a railway vehicle, wherein a cab air conditioner is arranged at the top of the cab, comprises an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a condensing fan and an evaporating fan, wherein the compressor, the condensing fan and the compressor are connected through pipelines, the condenser, the condensing fan and the compressor are arranged in the outdoor unit, the evaporator and the evaporating fan are arranged in the indoor unit, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a fresh air port 10 is arranged at the side part of the indoor unit, the air is communicated with the outside of the vehicle through a fresh air duct 5, a fresh air valve 4 is arranged in the fresh air duct 5, or the fresh air duct 5 is not arranged, the fresh air valve is arranged at the side part of the cab air conditioner, and outdoor fresh air enters the evaporator through the fresh air valve 4 for heat exchange; the bottom of the indoor unit return air is provided with an air return port 11 and an air supply port 12 in a separated mode, the air return port is communicated with the cab through an air return duct of the cab and an air outlet duct 9 of the cab respectively, and air circulation heat exchange in the cab is achieved under the action of an evaporating fan. The tail ends of the cab return air duct and the fresh air duct 5 are respectively communicated with the indoor unit through an air return opening 11 and a fresh air opening 10, outdoor fresh air and indoor return air respectively enter the indoor unit, are mixed at the evaporator and are subjected to heat exchange, then enter the cab through an air supply opening 12 and the cab communication duct, or the fresh air duct 5 and the cab return air duct are summarized at the air inlet duct, and the fresh air and the return air enter the indoor unit evaporator after being mixed in the air inlet duct and enter the cab after being subjected to heat exchange. The key head direction in fig. 1 represents the air flow direction.
Likewise, the cabin air conditioner 7 has the same structure as the cabin air conditioner 1, except for the compressor output capacity. A communication air duct 6 is arranged between a cab and a guest room, one end of the communication air duct 6 is connected with a guest room air outlet air duct 8, the other end of the communication air duct 6 is connected with a guest room air inlet air duct, the guest room air outlet air duct 8 is connected with the guest room air inlet air duct 6, a switching valve 3 is arranged in the communication air duct 6, or the switching valve 3 is arranged at the side part of the guest room air conditioner, the connection part of the switching valve 3 and the communication air duct 6 is electrically connected or in signal connection with a controller of an air supply switching device, the guest room air outlet air duct 8 is communicated with the guest room air inlet air duct or is cut off for ventilation by controlling the switching valve 3 to open/close, air after heat exchange of the guest room air conditioner 7 enters an indoor unit of the guest room air conditioner through the communication air duct 6, and enters the guest room through the guest room air conditioner communication air duct into the guest room, at this moment, an evaporator, a condenser and a compressor of the guest room air conditioner 1 do not work, an evaporation fan works, and the guest room air conditioner 1 is in a ventilation mode.
In this embodiment, the communication air duct 6 is connected with the fresh air duct 5 of the cab air conditioner 1, the switching valve 3 is disposed at the connection position of the communication air duct 6 and the fresh air duct 5, specifically, the communication air duct 6 is communicated with the fresh air duct 5 at the fresh air port 10, the switching valve 3 is disposed at the fresh air port 10, and the switching valve 3 can be a three-way valve, so as to realize ventilation switching among the fresh air duct 5, the cabin air conditioner air outlet duct 8 and the cab air conditioner. In short, when the switching valve 3 is in an open/conducting state, the cabin air outlet duct 8 is communicated with the cabin air conditioner 1 through the communication duct 6, and air after heat exchange of the cabin air conditioner enters the cabin through the communication duct 6, the switching valve, the fresh air port 10 and the cabin air conditioner 1 in a ventilation mode. The air return valve is arranged in the air return duct or at the air return port 11 of the cab air conditioner 1, and at the moment, the air return valve is in a closed state, and the fresh air valve is also closed or opened to a preset angle. When the switching valve 3 is in a closed state, the fresh air duct 5 of the cab is communicated with the indoor unit of the cab air conditioner 1, and outdoor fresh air enters the cab through the fresh air duct 5, the fresh air valve and the indoor unit of the cab air conditioner 1. Or when the switching valve 3 is in 1-position conduction, the air outlet air duct 8 of the passenger room air conditioner is communicated with the cab air conditioner 1 through the communication air duct 6, and when the switching valve 3 is in 2-position conduction, the fresh air duct 5 of the cab is communicated with the indoor unit of the cab air conditioner 1. Or when the fresh air duct is not arranged in the cab, the switching valve 3 is arranged at the side part of the cab air conditioner and is connected with the communication air duct 6, and likewise, when the switching valve is in an open/conducting state or in a 1-position conducting state, the air outlet duct 8 of the passenger room air conditioner is communicated with the cab air conditioner 1 through the communication air duct 6, and when the switching valve 3 is in a closed state, the ventilation state of the communication air duct 6 is cut off, and the passenger room air conditioner does not provide heat exchange air for the cab.
The switching valve 3 can also be a shutter type air valve, is arranged at the junction of the fresh air duct 5 and the return air duct of the cab air conditioner 1, or is arranged at the side part of the cab air conditioner, and can respectively control the communication of the return air, the fresh air and the air supply of the cab air conditioner 1 and the indoor unit of the cab air conditioner 1. Namely, by arranging the three-way valve type switching valve and controlling different conducting states of the switching valve, the air inlet mode of the cab air conditioner comprises a fresh air inlet mode and a guest air conditioner air inlet mode.
The switching valve 3 can also be a common valve body capable of realizing on-off function, is arranged at the joint of the fresh air duct 5 and the communication duct 6 of the cab air conditioner, is close to the direction of the cab air conditioner 7 in the communication duct 6, and is opened by controlling the switching valve 3, so that the air outlet duct 8 of the cab is communicated with the cab air conditioner 1 through the switching valve 3 and the communication duct 6. When the switching valve 3 is closed, the communication air duct 6 between the passenger room air conditioner 7 and the cab air conditioner 1 is closed. The switching valve 3 is arranged on one side of the communication air duct 6 close to the passenger room air conditioner 7, so that fresh air input of the cab air conditioner 1 is not affected when the switching valve 3 is closed.
Or the communication air duct 6 is communicated with the air return opening 11 of the cab air conditioner 1, the switching valve 3 is arranged at the air return opening, the air return valve enters the cab after entering the evaporator by virtue of the air return air duct inside the indoor unit, and the air return valve is arranged in the air duct between the air return opening of the cab and the air return opening of the indoor unit or is arranged at the air return opening of the cab, when the cab air conditioner 1 is in a ventilation mode, the switching valve 3 is in a conducting state, the air return valve is closed, and the fresh air valve is closed or opened by a preset angle.
The cab air conditioner 1 comprises a detector capable of detecting the operation fault state of the air conditioner, the detector is connected with a controller, the conventional technology is that a detection circuit and a detection device are adopted, no requirement or limitation is needed, when the detector detects that the cab air conditioner 1 breaks down and cannot normally refrigerate or heat, the detector reports the fault state to the controller, the controller controls the switching valve 3 to be opened/conducted (in 1-bit conduction), the cab air conditioner 1 is in a ventilation mode, the return air valve is closed, and the air after the heat exchange of the cab air conditioner 7 enters the cab through the cab air outlet air duct 8, the communication air duct 6 and the indoor unit of the cab air conditioner 1, so that the heat exchange is carried out for the cab, and the temperature in the cab is ensured to be proper.
The air supply switching device further comprises temperature sensors, wherein the temperature sensors are respectively divided into an indoor temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor, the indoor temperature sensors respectively detect temperatures in a cab and a guest room, the outdoor temperature sensors detect the temperature of the atmosphere outside the car, and the working states and the working modes of the air conditioner 1 and the guest room air conditioner 7 are respectively controlled through the indoor temperatures and/or the ambient temperatures, and the control method is a conventional technology and is not described in detail herein.
When the controller receives fault information of the cab air conditioner, the switching valve 3 is opened and is communicated (or is in 1-position conduction), so that the cab and the passenger room are communicated through the communication air duct 6, the cab air conditioner 1 is in a ventilation mode, the cab return air valve is closed, and cold or heat of the passenger room air conditioner is distributed to the cab to meet comfort requirements of the cab.
Further, in order to save energy and avoid the invalid operation of the cab air conditioner 1 or the overload operation of the cab air conditioner 7, in this embodiment, when the large refrigeration and heating amount is not needed in the spring and autumn transition seasons, the switching valve 3 is opened to be in a conducting state (or in 1-position conduction), so that the cab air conditioner 7 is communicated with the cab air conditioner 1 through the communication air duct 6, the cab air conditioner 1 is controlled to be in a ventilation mode, the cab return air valve is closed, and the cold or/and heat of the cab air conditioner 7 is distributed to the cab through the communication air duct 6, thereby realizing the heat exchange of the cab and playing the energy saving effect. And the opening of the switching valve 3 is controlled through the temperature in the cab, so that the temperature in the cab is further precisely controlled, and the comfort is improved. When the refrigerating or heating load of the cab and the guest room is large in a high-temperature season or a low-temperature season, the switching valve 3 is switched into a fresh air mode, namely, when the switching valve 3 is closed (or in 2-position conduction), the cab air conditioner 1 operates for refrigerating or heating, conventional control is carried out according to the ambient temperature and the indoor temperature, self-circulating temperature regulation is realized, and the comfort requirement of the cab is met.
The switching valve 3 can be controlled by a driver through setting a control button on a console of the cab, or can be controlled through ambient temperature and indoor temperature, a temperature limit value is pre-stored in the controller, when the outdoor temperature is more than or equal to a first limit value, the heating load in summer is higher, or when the outdoor temperature is less than or equal to a second limit value, the heating load in winter is higher, the refrigerating/heating mode is required to be correspondingly operated by the cab air conditioner 1, and the self-circulation type temperature regulation is realized; when the outdoor temperature is smaller than the first limit value in the refrigerating season or the heating season, the switching valve 3 is opened, and the passenger room air conditioner 7 supplies heat exchanged air to the cab, so that the comfort of the cab is improved. Or in the preset temperature interval of the controller, in this embodiment, three temperature intervals are preset, a first preset interval, a second preset interval, a third preset interval, and the upper limit value of the first preset interval is less than or equal to the lower limit value of the second preset interval, the upper limit value of the second preset interval is less than or equal to the upper limit value of the third preset interval, when the outdoor temperature is located in the first preset interval or the third preset interval, that is, in the winter low-temperature or summer high-temperature environment, the switching valve 3 is switched to a conducting (1-bit conducting) state, that is, the guest room air conditioner air inlet mode, the guest room air conditioner 7 provides air after heat exchange to the driver's cabin, when the outdoor temperature is located in the second preset interval, the switching valve 3 is closed (2-bit conducting), the driver's cabin air conditioner 1 is switched to a fresh air inlet mode, and when the outdoor temperature is located in the temperature interval, the driver's cabin air conditioner 1 and the guest room air conditioner itself are in a ventilation mode, or the cooling and heating load is small, the driver is not required to turn on the cabin air conditioner 1, and the guest room air conditioner 7 provides heat exchange air.
The invention further provides a cab air supply switching control method, in an initial state, the switching valve 3 is closed, the communication air duct 6 is in a fresh air mode, the controller controls the cooling, heating or ventilation modes of the cab air conditioner 1 and the cab air conditioner 7 according to the ambient temperature and/or the indoor temperature, controls and adjusts the working states of the cab air conditioner 1 and the cab air conditioner 7 according to the air conditioner running state, the real-time parameters, the indoor and outdoor temperature and other control factors, and controls and switches the air supply modes of the cab as shown in fig. 4 to 6.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the cab air supply switching control method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, judging an air conditioner operation mode, determining whether a cab air conditioner is in a refrigerating, heating or ventilating mode, controlling the opening of the refrigerating or heating mode by the cab air conditioner in a conventional mode, for example, adopting an environment (outside/outdoor) temperature and/or an indoor temperature control mode, opening the cab air conditioner heating mode when the environment temperature is lower than a certain limit value, and simultaneously determining whether an additional heating device in the cab or the air conditioner needs to be opened according to the air conditioner operation capability and the environment temperature so as to accurately control the temperature in the cab; when the ambient temperature is higher than a certain limit value, a refrigeration mode is started to provide cold energy for the cab. When the cab is in or according to the detected ambient temperature, the air conditioner (including the cab air conditioner and the guest room air conditioner) is confirmed to be started, and the refrigerating or heating mode is entered, the step S2 is entered, whether the air supply switching is needed or not is judged, and when the cab air conditioner is in the ventilation mode, the process is ended without ventilation switching.
S2, when the air conditioner enters a refrigerating or heating mode, real-time operation parameters of the operation of the air conditioner in the cab are collected, including but not limited to ambient temperature (the outside air environment temperature of the automobile is called as outdoor temperature, and the outside air environment temperature is called as outdoor temperature), indoor temperature (the indoor temperature of the cab), working time of the compressor, heating devices (including the heating devices in the cab and auxiliary heating devices such as heating pipes of the air conditioner), inlet and outlet temperatures of the compressor, air injection pressure and the like, are detected in a conventional sensor mode, and detection data are transmitted to the controller.
Further, in this embodiment, step S20 is further included:
s20, the cab air conditioner is provided with a fault detection device which can be a control circuit, and detects the fault state of the air conditioner by detecting the voltage, current and the like of each electric device in the operation process of the cab air conditioner, or the fault detection device is a module arranged in the controller and comprises a detection program, real-time data acquired by various sensors in the operation process of the air conditioner are input into the detection program, and operation fault information of the air conditioner is obtained, when the air conditioner is detected to be faulty, the switching valve is controlled to be opened, namely, the control switching valve in the air supply switching device is opened/conducted (1-bit conducted), and heat exchange air is provided for the cab through the communication air duct and the switching valve by the cab air conditioner, namely, when the cab air conditioner is detected to be faulty and can not normally refrigerate and heat, the step S4 is carried out.
In this embodiment, after detecting that the cab air conditioner enters the cooling and heating modes in step S1, the detection in step S20 is first performed, and after confirming that the cab air conditioner can normally operate, the step S2 is performed, and various real-time operation parameters in the operation process of the air conditioner are collected and the step S3 is performed.
S3, comparing the real-time operation parameters with control conditions of corresponding operation modes, and entering a step S4 when the conditions are met, otherwise, entering a step S6.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, when the normal operation of the air conditioner in the cab is detected and the air conditioner is in a cooling or heating mode, the outdoor temperature Te is collected, when T1 is less than Te and less than or equal to T2, step S4 is entered, wherein T1 and T2 are preset temperature limit values for controlling the switching valve to be opened, such as t1=10 ℃, t2=28 ℃, spring and autumn, or season-changing nodes in spring, summer and autumn, the outdoor temperature is more suitable, the air conditioner is opened according to the actual ambient temperature to enter a heating or cooling mode, but the heat load of the air conditioner is not high, the air conditioner is independently opened, energy waste as described in the background art may occur, the air conditioner in the cab can enter a ventilation mode by opening the reversing valve, and the air conditioner in the cab is ventilated to provide air after heat exchange, namely, step S4 is entered.
Furthermore, when T1 is more than Te and less than or equal to T2 (which can be the second preset interval), the starting time of the compressor is further collected, if the heating season is adopted, the starting time of the heating device is also required to be synchronously collected, and when the starting time tr of the compressor or the heating device is more than or equal to T1, namely, the air conditioner enters a refrigerating or heating mode for a period of time, the temperature in the cab is initially and effectively regulated and controlled, but as described in the background art, the condition of larger temperature fluctuation occurs, the temperature regulation and control can be realized by closing the refrigerating or heating mode of the air conditioner in the cab and providing heat exchange by the air conditioner in the passenger room. In addition, the step S4 is carried out after the air conditioner operates for a period of time, so that on one hand, frequent regulation and control are avoided, on the other hand, the outdoor temperature is changed accidentally in a short time, the influence on the temperature in the vehicle is small, and the misregulation and control caused by the situations can be avoided.
When T1 is more than Te and less than or equal to T2, the method also comprises the condition that the external environment temperature is proper and the air conditioner does not need to be started for heat exchange, so in the embodiment, whether the air conditioner in the cab operates in a refrigerating or heating mode is judged first, and then whether the external environment temperature meets T1 is more than Te and less than or equal to T2 is judged to determine whether to enter step S4. In practical application, the temperature interval can be further subdivided, and the temperature interval of T1 '< Te less than or equal to T2' is set, wherein T1 is less than T1', T2' < T2, when T1 '< Te less than or equal to T2', the temperature of the external environment is proper, and ventilation modes are operated at the positions of the air conditioner of the cab and the air conditioner of the guest room, and a switching valve is not required to be opened. When the temperature interval is set, after the air conditioner in the cab is electrified and operates, the outdoor temperature is judged first, when T1 '< Te is less than or equal to T2', a switching valve is not required to be opened, the program is stopped, the step S1 and the subsequent steps are not required to be carried out, the ambient temperature is acquired regularly, and when the ambient temperature meets the operating condition of the air conditioner, the control processes of the step S1, the subsequent acquisition, judgment and the like are carried out.
In the heating season, when Te is smaller than or equal to T1 (which can be the first preset interval), the outdoor temperature is lower, or in the cooling season, when Te is larger than T2 (which can be the third preset interval), the outdoor temperature is higher, in both cases, the heat load of the temperature regulation in the vehicle is higher, the temperature of the cab air conditioner needs to be independently controlled, if the air conditioner is in an initial power-on state, the environment temperature is in the state, the switching valve is in the closed state, the switching valve is kept in the closed state, if the air conditioner is in the initial power-on state, the environment temperature Te meets T1 & lt, te & lt, T2, and the switching valve is opened in the step S4, and as the running time of the air conditioner is increased, the outdoor environment temperature Te meets Te & lt, T1 or Te & lt, T1, and the step S6 is entered.
Further, when the cab air conditioner is a variable frequency air conditioner or a fixed frequency air conditioner, other operation parameters of the cab air conditioner need to be further collected respectively to judge whether to enter a step S4, as shown in FIG. 6, in an initial state, the switching valve is in a closed state in a refrigerating season, when the cab air conditioner operates in a refrigerating mode, when the outdoor temperature Te is further detected to be less than or equal to T3, if the cab air conditioner is the fixed frequency air conditioner, the opening time of the bypass valve of the cab air conditioner is further collected, and when the opening time of the bypass valve is more than or equal to T2, the step S4 is entered, otherwise, the initial closing state of the switching valve is kept; when the cab air conditioner is a variable frequency air conditioner, the operation time of the compressor is further collected, and when the operation time of the compressor is more than or equal to t3, the step S4 is entered, otherwise, the closing state of the switching valve is maintained. Similarly, in a heating mode, when Te is more than or equal to T4 and the cab air conditioner is a constant-frequency air conditioner, the step S4 is started when the detection of the opening time of the bypass valve is more than or equal to T2, otherwise, the closing state of the switching valve is maintained; and when the cab air conditioner is a variable frequency air conditioner and the acquired running time tr of the variable frequency compressor is more than or equal to t3, entering a step S4, otherwise, keeping the closing state of the switching valve. T3 is a preset temperature limit value for controlling the state of the switching valve in the refrigeration mode, T4 is a preset temperature limit value for controlling the state of the switching valve in the heating mode, T2 is a second preset time, T3 is a third preset time, T3, T2 and T3 are empirical values, and the values are pre-stored in the controller and can be changed, wherein t1=t2=t3=30 min can be realized, and specific values of three preset times can be preset respectively.
In step S3, the control flow of the controller may be preset in the process of determining that the cab air conditioner is a variable frequency or fixed frequency air conditioner, and the data of the compressor or the bypass valve to be collected is selected according to the type of the corresponding air conditioner, so that the control flow is widely applicable to all types of railway vehicles, or the corresponding control program may be directly pre-stored in the controller according to the type of the cab air conditioner, without selection, to directly collect and determine the corresponding operation parameters. As shown in fig. 4 to 6, when the initial state of the switching valve is closed and no judgment result is made, the initial state of the switching valve, that is, the closed state is maintained.
S4, opening a switching valve, enabling the cab air conditioner to enter a ventilation mode, enabling the passenger room air conditioner to ventilate the cab, providing heat-exchanged air, and controlling the temperature of the cab. When the switching valve is opened/conducted (such as 1-position conduction), the cab air conditioner enters a ventilation mode, the refrigerant does not flow, heat exchange is not performed on air in the cab, and the return air valve of the cab is closed.
And S5, monitoring the real-time indoor temperature Ti of the cab at regular time according to program setting, entering a step S6 when the indoor temperature exceeds a limit value, if Ti-Tic is less than or equal to a, keeping the switching valve in an open state, otherwise, keeping the switching valve in a state, and repeatedly monitoring the indoor temperature of the cab. Tic is the target temperature of the cab, a is a preset temperature difference, namely, the temperature fluctuation limit value in the cab, if a=2 can be set, when Ti-Tic is less than or equal to 2, the opening state of the switching valve is kept, otherwise, the step S6 is entered.
When the cab air-conditioner detects that the switching valve is required to be controlled to be opened/conducted (1-bit conduction) in the refrigerating season in the air-conditioner operation refrigerating mode, the cooling capacity of the cab air-conditioner is distributed to the cab, and the comfort requirement of the cab is met. After the switching valve is opened, the temperature in the cab is detected at regular time, when the temperature Ti in the cab is more than tic+a, the switching valve 3 is required to be closed to realize the independent operation of the refrigerating mode by the cab air conditioner 1, and the self-circulation type temperature regulation is realized. Wherein Tic is the target temperature of the cab when the air conditioner is refrigerating, which can be 26 ℃, a is the adjusting value, positive number, and can be set according to the comfort requirement.
The heating mode is similar to the control of the refrigerating mode, and will not be described in detail.
S6, closing the switching valve, independently operating the machine room air conditioner to control the temperature, and returning to the step S1.
When the air conditioner in the cab is operated independently to control the temperature or is in a ventilation mode, the opening of the fresh air valve can be controlled according to the prior conventional technology, and when the switching valve is opened, the opening of the switching valve is controlled according to the temperature change rate in the cab so as to adjust the heat exchange amount entering the cab from the cab, and the opening of the fresh air valve is further controlled to further adjust the temperature and the air quality in the cab.
The invention further provides various types of rail vehicles including, but not limited to, subways, high-speed rail, motor train units and the like, comprising a cab and a passenger room adjacent to the cab, and adopting the cab air supply switching control method.
In summary, the cab air supply switching device and the control method provided by the invention have the following technical advantages compared with the prior art:
the original air supply system of the cab is redundantly designed by arranging the switching valve, and when the cab air conditioner fails and can not refrigerate, a communication air duct of the cab air conditioner can be connected, so that the heat exchange of air in the cab is realized;
the cab air conditioner can be switched between an air conditioning function and an air supply unit function, so that the energy-saving effect in transitional seasons is realized;
when the outdoor temperature is proper and the working loads of the passenger room and the cab are small, the switching valve can be opened, and the passenger room air conditioner can simultaneously meet the refrigerating requirements of the passenger room and the cab, so that the comfort is high and the energy is saved.
As mentioned above, similar technical solutions can be derived in combination with the presented solution content. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An air supply switching control method applied to a railway vehicle is characterized in that: the cab is provided with cab air conditioners, the cab air conditioners are communicated with the cab air conditioners of adjacent cabs through communication air channels, the communication air channels are controlled to be on-off through switching valves, and the control method comprises the following steps:
s1, judging an air conditioner operation mode;
s2, collecting real-time operation parameters of operation of an air conditioner of a cab;
s3, comparing the real-time operation parameters with control conditions of corresponding operation modes, and entering a step S4 when the conditions are met, otherwise, entering a step S6;
in the refrigeration mode, when Te is less than or equal to T3, the cab air conditioner is a constant-frequency air conditioner, and the opening time of the bypass valve is more than or equal to T2, entering a step S4, wherein Te is the outdoor temperature, T3 is a preset temperature limit value for controlling the state of the switching valve in the refrigeration mode, and T2 is a second preset time; when the cab air conditioner is a variable-frequency air conditioner and the running time tr of the variable-frequency compressor is more than or equal to t3, entering a step S4, wherein t3 is a third preset time;
s4, opening a switching valve, enabling a cab air conditioner to enter a ventilation mode, and enabling the passenger room air conditioner to ventilate the cab;
s5, monitoring the indoor temperature of the cab, and entering a step S6 when the indoor temperature exceeds the limit value; otherwise, maintaining the state of the switching valve and repeatedly monitoring the temperature in the cab;
s6, closing the switching valve, independently operating the cab air conditioner to control the temperature, and returning to the step S1.
2. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the cab air conditioner comprises a fresh air valve, and in step S4, the fresh air valve is closed or opened to a preset angle after the switching valve is opened.
3. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: before the operation parameters are collected in step S2, step S20 is further performed,
s20, detecting the running state of the air conditioner in the cab, entering a step S4 when fault information is detected, giving an alarm to prompt, and entering a step S2 when the fault is relieved or the fault information is not detected.
4. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the real-time operation parameters comprise outdoor temperature Te, and when T1 is smaller than Te and smaller than or equal to T2, the step S4 is carried out, wherein T1 and T2 are preset temperature limit values for controlling the switching valve to be opened.
5. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: when T1 is more than Te and less than or equal to T2 and the on time tr of a compressor and/or a heating device of the cab air conditioner is more than or equal to T1, entering a step S4, wherein T1 is a first preset time.
6. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: when Te is smaller than or equal to T1 or Te is larger than T2, the step S6 is carried out.
7. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: in the heating mode, when Te is more than or equal to T4, the cab air conditioner is a constant-frequency air conditioner, and the opening time of the bypass valve is detected to be more than or equal to T2, the step S4 is entered, wherein Te is the outdoor temperature, T4 is a preset temperature limit value for controlling the state of the switching valve in the heating mode, and T2 is a second preset time; and when the cab air conditioner is a variable-frequency air conditioner and the running time tr of the variable-frequency compressor is more than or equal to t3, entering a step S4, wherein t3 is a third preset time.
8. The method for controlling switching of air supply to a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, when Ti-Tic is less than or equal to a, the switching valve is kept in an open state, otherwise, the step S6 is entered, wherein Ti is the temperature in the cab, tic is the target temperature in the cab, and a is the preset temperature difference.
9. Be applied to rail vehicle's air supply auto-change over device, its characterized in that: the air supply switching control method for the railway vehicle comprises a cab air conditioner, a passenger room air conditioner, a controller and a communication air duct, wherein one end of the communication air duct is communicated with an air outlet air duct of the passenger room air conditioner, the other end of the communication air duct is communicated with an air inlet air duct of the cab air conditioner, a switching valve is arranged in the communication air duct, the controller is connected with the switching valve and is internally provided with the air supply switching control method for the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the working state of the cab air conditioner is controlled, and the passenger room air conditioner is controlled to provide heat exchange air for the cab so as to control the temperature in the cab.
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| CN202210475774.4A CN115214732B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Air supply switching device applied to railway vehicle and control method |
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| CN202210475774.4A CN115214732B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Air supply switching device applied to railway vehicle and control method |
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| CN115214732A (en) | 2022-10-21 |
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