CN115214284A - Torsion beam type suspension structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Torsion beam type suspension structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115214284A
CN115214284A CN202111556740.XA CN202111556740A CN115214284A CN 115214284 A CN115214284 A CN 115214284A CN 202111556740 A CN202111556740 A CN 202111556740A CN 115214284 A CN115214284 A CN 115214284A
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torsion
enlarged
portions
central portion
increasing
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CN202111556740.XA
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CN115214284B (en
Inventor
王巽
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Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G21/00Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
    • B60G21/02Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
    • B60G21/04Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
    • B60G21/05Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
    • B60G21/051Trailing arm twist beam axles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/80Manufacturing procedures
    • B60G2206/81Shaping
    • B60G2206/8102Shaping by stamping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/80Manufacturing procedures
    • B60G2206/81Shaping
    • B60G2206/8106Shaping by thermal treatment, e.g. curing hardening, vulcanisation

Abstract

A torsion beam type suspension structure comprising a torsion beam body including a beam central portion, two beam end portions and two perimeter enlarged portions provided on both sides of the beam central portion and between the beam end portions, the perimeter enlarged portions being located between the beam central portion and the beam end portions, the beam end portions having a beam height and a beam width greater than those of the perimeter enlarged portions, the perimeter enlarged portions having a beam height and a beam width greater than those of the beam central portion, the perimeter enlarged portions including adjacent first enlarged regions and second enlarged regions, the beam width of the first enlarged regions gradually increasing from the beam central portion to the second enlarged regions according to a first gradual increase ratio, and the beam width of the second enlarged regions gradually increasing from the first enlarged regions to the beam end portions according to a second gradual increase ratio.

Description

Torsion beam type suspension structure and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile rear axle torsion beam suspensions, in particular to a torsion beam type suspension structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The torsion beam type suspension is a non-independent suspension, and wheels at two ends of an automobile are connected through torsion beams with certain torsional rigidity and related structures. The torsion beam type suspension is low in cost, simple in structure and widely applied to various vehicles, but the stability and the comfort are poor. At present, stress concentration exists near two ends of a torsion beam and around a longitudinal arm connecting part in a common torsion beam structure, if the wall thickness of the torsion beam is improved and increased in order to deal with the stress concentration, the torsion beam is difficult to twist, riding experience of a user is poor, and if the cross section shape of the torsion beam is changed to realize appropriate torsional rigidity and bending strength, the effect brought by the torsion beam structure is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a torsion beam type suspension structure that has both lateral bending and longitudinal bending properties, and a method for manufacturing the same.
The torsion beam type suspension structure of the invention includes a torsion beam body including a beam center portion, two beam end portions, and two perimeter enlarged portions provided on both sides of the beam center portion and between the beam end portions, the torsion beam body being connected to a rocker arm through the beam end portions, the beam center portion being located in a middle of the torsion beam body, the perimeter enlarged portions being located between the beam center portion and the beam end portions, the beam height and the beam width of the beam end portions being larger than those of the perimeter enlarged portions, the beam height and the beam width of the perimeter enlarged portions being larger than those of the beam center portion, the beam height and the beam width of the beam center portion and the beam height and the beam width of the beam end portions not being gradually enlarged and not being tapered, the perimeter enlarged portion including adjacent first enlarged regions and second enlarged regions, the beam width of the first enlarged regions being gradually enlarged from the beam center portion to the second enlarged regions according to a first gradually enlarged ratio, the beam width of the second enlarged regions being gradually enlarged from the first gradually enlarged region to the second enlarged region according to a second gradually enlarged ratio, the beam width of the beam center portion being gradually enlarged from the beam height to the second enlarged region being gradually enlarged from the beam end portion to the fourth gradually enlarged region.
Further, the first enlarged area is adjacent and contiguous with the beam center portion and the second enlarged area is adjacent and contiguous with the beam end portion.
Further, the first divergent ratio is smaller than the second divergent ratio.
Further, the beam thickness of the beam end portion is larger than the beam thickness of the increased circumferential length portion, the beam thickness of the increased circumferential length portion is larger than the beam thickness of the beam center portion, and the beam thickness of the increased circumferential length portion gradually increases from the beam center portion to the beam end portion according to a third gradually increasing rate.
Further, the third divergent ratio and the fourth divergent ratio are linear functions each having a length distance from the beam center portion to the beam end portion as a variable.
Further, the length of the beam center portion accounts for 5% to 20% of the length of the torsion beam body.
Further, the two beam ends have the same length, and the length of the two beam ends respectively accounts for 3% to 7% of the length of the torsion beam body.
The torsion beam manufacturing method is used for manufacturing the torsion beam body and comprises the following steps:
step S1: rolling the steel coil by using a rolling mill to prepare a differential thickness plate;
step S2: performing U-shaped stamping on the difference thick plate by using a stamping machine to manufacture a torsion beam;
and step S3: quenching the torsion beam by using a heating device;
and step S4: and performing stress relief annealing on the torsion beam by using a high-frequency induction heating device to manufacture the torsion beam body.
Further, in the step S1, the difference thick plate formed by rolling a steel coil includes a width-constant portion for forming a central portion of the beam, a width-enlarged portion for forming the circumference-enlarged portion, and a large end portion for forming an end portion of the beam.
Further, in the step S4, the high-frequency induction heating apparatus includes an induction coil for heating, a power supply rate of the high-frequency induction heating apparatus and a moving speed of the torsion beam with respect to the induction coil are maintained constant, and an annealing temperature of a beam center portion is higher than an annealing temperature of a beam end portion. The torsion beam type suspension structure of the invention designs the beam width, the beam thickness and the beam height of the beam center part, the girth increasing part and the beam end part of the torsion beam body, gives consideration to the transverse bending performance and the longitudinal bending performance, and simultaneously avoids stress concentration by restraining the rapid change of the beam width.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. A (c)
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a twist beam suspension arrangement provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a twist beam type suspension arrangement provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a method for manufacturing a torsion beam according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the torsion beam type suspension structure of the present invention includes a torsion beam body 1, a sway arm 2 for connecting a wheel and the torsion beam body 1, a torsion beam reinforcing plate 3 provided inside the torsion beam body 1, a wheel mounting portion 4 for mounting the wheel, a spring seat 5 lapped between the torsion beam body 1 and the sway arm 2, and a damper mounting portion 6 for mounting a damper. The torsion beam body 1 comprises a beam central part 11, two beam end parts 12 and two circumference increasing parts 13 arranged on two sides of the beam central part 11 and between the beam end parts 12, the torsion beam body 1 is connected with the rocking arm 2 through the beam end parts 12, the beam central part 11 is positioned in the middle of the torsion beam body 1, the circumference increasing parts 13 are positioned between the beam central part 11 and the beam end parts 12, the beam height and the beam width of the beam end parts 12 are larger than those of the circumference increasing parts 13, and the beam height and the beam width of the circumference increasing parts 13 are larger than those of the beam central part 11.
Further, the beam height and the beam width of the beam center portion 11 and the beam height and the beam width of the beam end portion 12 are not gradually expanded and are not gradually reduced, the perimeter increasing portion 13 includes a first increasing region 131 and a second increasing region 132 which are adjacent, the first increasing region 131 is adjacent and connected to the beam center portion 11, the second increasing region 132 is adjacent and connected to the beam end portion 12, the beam width of the first increasing region 131 is gradually expanded from the beam center portion 11 to the second increasing region 132 according to a first gradually expanding ratio, the beam width of the second increasing region 132 is gradually expanded from the first increasing region 131 to the beam end portion 12 according to a second gradually expanding ratio, the beam height of the first increasing region 131 is not gradually expanded and is not gradually reduced, and the beam height of the second increasing region 132 is gradually expanded from the first increasing region 131 to the beam end portion 12 according to a fourth gradually expanding ratio.
Similarly, the beam thickness of the beam end portion 12 is larger than the beam thickness of the increased circumferential length portion 13, the beam thickness of the increased circumferential length portion 13 is larger than the beam thickness of the beam central portion 11, and the beam thickness of the increased circumferential length portion 13 is gradually increased from the beam central portion 11 to the beam end portion 12 according to a third gradual increase ratio.
Specifically, the beam center portion 11 is formed in an inverted U-shape in cross section, and the entire length of the increased circumferential length portion 13 in the circumferential direction is larger than the circumferential length of the beam center portion 11, since it is necessary to ensure that the bending strength of the torsion beam body 1 around the transverse axis gradually increases from the middle to both sides to satisfy the mounting strength required for the sway arm 2. The first divergent ratio in the present invention is significantly smaller than the second divergent ratio, and the third divergent ratio and the fourth divergent ratio are linear functions with the length distance from the beam center 11 to the beam end 12 as a variable, because if the beam width increases from the beam center 11 to the beam end in a constant manner, in order to satisfy the installation strength requirement of the beam end for the rocking arm 2 and the torsion strength requirement of the torsion beam body 1, the shape discontinuity at the boundary between the beam center 11 and the circumferential length increasing part 13 is significant, resulting in the phenomenon of stress concentration. The increased circumferential section 13 in the present invention is a first increased area 131 and a second increased area 132, which are different in gradual expansion ratio, and can suppress a rapid change in beam width and avoid a stress concentration phenomenon. In the present embodiment, the beam height in the first enlarged region 131 is approximately constant, and the beam width is gradually increased toward the beam end, so that the bending strength about the longitudinal axis is gradually increased toward the beam end at an approximately constant rate, and the beam height in the second enlarged region 132 is gradually increased toward the beam end, on the premise that the bending strength about the transverse axis of the torsion beam body 1 is not changed, so that the bending strength about the transverse axis and the longitudinal axis of the torsion beam body 1 is gradually increased toward the beam end in the second enlarged region 132. That is, the first enlarged region 131 in the present invention gives the increased circumference section 13 torsional rigidity and bending strength, and further gives the second enlarged region 132 bending strength, and avoids stress concentration by suppressing a sudden change in beam width while simultaneously achieving both lateral bending and longitudinal bending performance. In other embodiments, the perimeter increasing portion 13 may be divided into three or more increasing areas according to actual development requirements to ensure that the torsion beam achieves the expected performance.
Specifically, the torsional characteristics of a twist beam can be characterized by the torsional difficulty Ip, i.e., the equation:
Ip=Iy+Iz;
where Iy is the bending strength around the horizontal axis and Iz is the bending strength around the vertical axis, in this embodiment, the degree of difficulty of torsion Ip of the beam center portion 11 is approximately constant, so that the torsion beam body 1 is twisted at a constant angle during actual operation, but the degree of difficulty of torsion Ip of the increased circumference portion 13 fluctuates greatly in the direction of increasing the thickness thereof, and therefore the increased circumference portion 13 is less likely to generate torsional deformation, that is, most of the torsional deformation generated by the torsion beam is borne by the beam center portion 11, and the suspension characteristics can be adjusted to some extent by adjusting the relative lengths of the beam center portion 11 and the increased circumference portion 13 or the proportion of the two torsion beam lengths. In the present embodiment, the wall thickness of the beam end portion 12 is 3.2mm, the wall thickness of the beam central portion 11 is 3.0mm, the wall thickness of the perimeter increasing portion 13 gradually changes from 3.0mm to 3.2mm, the thinner the beam central portion 11, the thicker the beam end portion 12, the length of the beam central portion 11 accounts for 5% to 20% of the length of the torsion beam body, the length of the two beam end portions 12 is the same, and the length of the two beam end portions 12 respectively accounts for 3% to 7% of the length of the torsion beam body.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the present invention also includes a method for manufacturing the torsion beam, which is used to produce the torsion beam body 1, and includes the following steps:
step S1: rolling the steel coil by using a rolling mill to prepare a differential plate;
specifically, in step S1, a steel coil of equal thickness is rolled by a rolling mill, and the steel coil is rolled while controlling the distance between the rolling rolls provided in the rolling mill so that the thickness of the steel coil varies in the longitudinal direction, whereby the thickness can be adjusted, and the long steel sheet fed from the rolling mill is cut into predetermined length units, thereby forming a differential thickness plate to be prepared in a subsequent stamping sequence, and the differential thickness plate formed by rolling the steel coil includes a width-constant portion for forming the beam central portion 11, a width-enlarged portion for forming the circumferential length-enlarged portion 13, and a large end portion for forming the beam end portion 12.
Step S2: performing U-shaped stamping on the difference thick plate by using a stamping machine to manufacture a torsion beam;
specifically, in step S2, the pressing is divided into three steps to gradually form the torsion beam, including a preforming step, a forming step, and a shaping step, in consideration of the complexity of the molding surface.
And step S3: quenching the torsion beam by using a heating device;
specifically, in step S3, the torsion beam after the press-forming is quenched using a batch-type heating apparatus, and in this embodiment, the steel coil is made of hypoeutectoid steel, and the temperature in the heating furnace is set to 850 ℃.
And step S4: and (3) performing stress relief annealing on the torsion beam by using a high-frequency induction heating device to manufacture the torsion beam body 1.
Specifically, in step S4, the high-frequency induction heating apparatus includes an induction coil for heating and a feed roller for feeding the torsion beam, and the power supply rate of the high-frequency induction heating apparatus, such as the frequency and amplitude of the alternating current and the moving speed of the torsion beam relative to the induction coil, is maintained constant, whereby the tempering can be performed relatively easily without special adjustment, and after the stress-relief tempering, the temperature of the torsion beam is cooled to room temperature to ensure the surface quality of the sample piece. In this embodiment, the quenching temperature is in the range of 800 ℃ to 900 ℃, and at least needs to be lower than the melting point and higher than the A1 transformation point, i.e. higher than 730 ℃ or higher than the A3 transformation point, i.e. higher than 750 ℃ to 900 ℃, so as to obtain the martensite structure with ideal properties. The stress relief annealing temperature is in the range of 550-650 ℃, and the stress relief annealing is carried out after quenching and heat preservation for 30 minutes to obtain a sorbite structure, so that the toughness of the torsion beam is improved. In particular, since the thickness of the beam center portion 11 is smaller than that of the beam end portion 12, and the circumference of the beam center portion 11 is smaller than that of the beam end portion 12, the heat capacity of the beam center portion 11 is smaller than that of the beam end portion 12, and the annealing temperatures of the beam center portion 11 and the beam end portion 12 are different. In this embodiment, since the annealing temperature of the beam center portion 11 is higher than that of the beam end portion 12, and the heat generation per unit length of the torsion beam is the same on the premise that the induction coil power is the same, the temperature rise of the beam center portion 11 is higher than that of the beam end portion 12, the target heating temperature of the beam center portion 11 is 600 ℃, and the heating temperature of the beam end portion 12 is 550 ℃, the sorbite having high toughness is easily formed in the beam center portion 11, and the troostite having high hardness is easily formed in the beam end portion 12, which is advantageous for improving the durability and the torsion characteristics of the torsion beam. In other embodiments, the performance of the torsion beam can be adjusted by adjusting the power supply rate and the moving speed of the torsion beam relative to the induction coil according to actual development requirements, or by changing the amount of heat applied to the beam center portion 11 and the beam end portion 12.
In summary, the torsion beam type suspension structure of the present invention improves durability and torsion characteristics of the torsion beam by designing the beam width, beam thickness, and beam height of the beam center portion, the perimeter increasing portion, and the beam end portion of the torsion beam body, and avoiding stress concentration by suppressing a rapid change in the beam width while taking both lateral bending and longitudinal bending properties into consideration.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A torsion beam suspension structure characterized by: comprising a torsion beam body (1), said torsion beam body (1) comprising a beam central portion (11), two beam end portions (12) and two perimeter increasing portions (13) arranged on both sides of said beam central portion (11) and between said beam end portions (12), said torsion beam body (1) being connected to a rocker arm (2) by said beam end portions (12), said beam central portion (11) being located in the middle of said torsion beam body (1), said perimeter increasing portions (13) being located between said beam central portion (11) and said beam end portions (12), said beam end portions (12) having a beam height and a beam width greater than that of said perimeter increasing portions (13), said perimeter increasing portions (13) having a beam height and a beam width greater than that of said beam central portion (11), said beam height and beam width of said beam central portion (11) and said beam end portions (12) not being enlarged and not being tapered, said perimeter increasing portions (13) having a beam height and a beam width greater than that of said beam central portion (11), said beam height and beam width of said beam end portions (12) and said beam width increasing from a first region (131) to a second region (132) increasing from said beam end portions (131) according to a second region (132), the beam height of the first enlarged region (131) is not divergent and not tapered, and the beam height of the second enlarged region (132) is divergent from the first enlarged region (131) toward the beam end (12) according to a fourth divergent ratio.
2. The twist beam suspension structure of claim 1, wherein: the first enlarged region (131) is adjacent and contiguous with the beam center (11), and the second enlarged region (132) is adjacent and contiguous with the beam end (12).
3. The twist beam suspension structure of claim 2, wherein: the first divergent ratio is smaller than the second divergent ratio.
4. The twist beam suspension structure of claim 1, wherein: the beam thickness of the beam end part (12) is larger than that of the perimeter increasing part (13), the beam thickness of the perimeter increasing part (13) is larger than that of the beam central part (11), and the beam thickness of the perimeter increasing part (13) is gradually increased from the beam central part (11) to the beam end part (12) according to a third gradually increasing rate.
5. The torsion beam suspension structure of claim 4, wherein: the third divergent ratio and the fourth divergent ratio are linear functions each having a length distance from the beam center (11) to the beam end (12) as a variable.
6. The twist beam suspension structure of claim 1, wherein: the length of the beam center portion (11) accounts for 5% to 20% of the length of the torsion beam body.
7. The twist beam suspension structure of claim 1, wherein: the two beam end parts (12) are the same in length, and the length of the two beam end parts (12) accounts for 3% -7% of the length of the torsion beam body respectively.
8. A torsion beam manufacturing method is characterized in that: for producing a torsion beam body (1) as claimed in claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
step S1: rolling the steel coil by using a rolling mill to prepare a differential thickness plate;
step S2: performing U-shaped stamping on the difference thick plate by using a stamping machine to manufacture a torsion beam;
and step S3: quenching the torsion beam by using a heating device;
and step S4: and (3) performing stress relief annealing on the torsion beam by using a high-frequency induction heating device to manufacture the torsion beam body (1).
9. The method of manufacturing a torsion beam according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S1, the differential thickness plate formed by rolling a steel coil includes a width-constant portion for forming the beam central portion (11), a width-enlarged portion for forming the circumference-enlarged portion (13), and a large end portion for forming the beam end portion (12).
10. A method of fabricating a twist beam according to claim 9, wherein: in the step S4, the high-frequency induction heating apparatus includes an induction coil for heating, a power supply rate of the high-frequency induction heating apparatus and a moving speed of the torsion beam with respect to the induction coil are maintained constant, and an annealing temperature of the beam center portion (11) is higher than an annealing temperature of the beam end portion (12).
CN202111556740.XA 2021-12-17 2021-12-17 Torsion beam type suspension structure and manufacturing method thereof Active CN115214284B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11827067B1 (en) * 2022-06-15 2023-11-28 Hyundai Motor Company Reinforcing structure of the suspension

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CN107571708A (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-12 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 Torsion beam, suspension and automobile
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CN207790244U (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-08-31 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Torsion beam and automotive suspension apparatus
CN109305013A (en) * 2017-07-27 2019-02-05 株式会社威泰克 Vehicle twist-beam suspension and vehicle torsion beam

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016074318A (en) * 2014-10-07 2016-05-12 スズキ株式会社 Torsion beam type suspension
CN107405950A (en) * 2015-02-20 2017-11-28 麦格纳国际公司 Vehicle torsion vehicle bridge component
CN107571708A (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-12 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 Torsion beam, suspension and automobile
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11827067B1 (en) * 2022-06-15 2023-11-28 Hyundai Motor Company Reinforcing structure of the suspension

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