CN115207577A - Power battery safety monitoring device and self-adaptive control method - Google Patents
Power battery safety monitoring device and self-adaptive control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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Abstract
The invention relates to a safety monitoring device and an adaptive control method for a power battery, which comprise an intelligent current sensor module, a harmful gas sensor module, a microcontroller and an active disconnecting device, wherein the intelligent current sensor module is used for awakening the microcontroller when the current exceeds a warning current; the sensor module monitors a power battery loop and characteristic parameters inside the power battery, the characteristic parameters monitored by the sensor perform data analysis and judge external short circuit phenomena, and the microcontroller drives the active disconnecting device to cut off the power battery loop; judging whether the current I and the first derivative I 'of the current of a power battery loop exceed thresholds IMAX and I' MAX or not, and judging whether the power battery has an external short circuit or not by judging whether the concentration delta of harmful gas monitored by a harmful gas sensor arranged in a power battery assembly exceeds a threshold delta MAX or not; the invention can avoid irreversible damage of the power battery caused by short-circuit current and avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by external short circuit of the power battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power batteries, and relates to an external safety monitoring device, an adaptive control method and a management system for a power battery.
Background
The external short circuit treatment of the power battery completely depends on a passive fusing device to break a loop at present, and no device for actively cutting off the loop exists. The prediction of the external short circuit of the power battery can be carried out only when the vehicle is in the running working condition, a short circuit prediction mechanism of the full-time working condition is lacked, the response time of the passive fusing device is slow, before the passive fusing device is fused, the short circuit current causes irreversible damage to the power battery, and subsequent thermal runaway is easily caused.
The patent with publication number CN113884890a discloses a method for detecting a short circuit in a power battery, which calculates the remaining capacity of a battery cell through a voltage curve of the battery cell charged twice, and calculates the leakage current of the battery cell through a difference value of the remaining capacities, so as to obtain the equivalent internal resistance of the battery cell, and further determine whether the internal short circuit occurs in the battery cell. Although the patent and the patent with the publication number of CN113884890A detect the short circuit of the power battery, the short circuit loops detected are different, the patent detects the external short circuit of the power battery assembly and disposes the external short circuit, the short circuit loops detected are different, the method is also different, and the patent predicts the occurrence of the external short circuit phenomenon of the power battery in advance by detecting the external short circuit current I and the derivative I' of the external short circuit current I and combining the warning signal of the harmful gas sensor module.
The patent with publication number CN111108403A discloses a short-circuit prediction device and a short-circuit prediction method for a rechargeable battery, which predict and judge the occurrence of a short-circuit phenomenon of the battery and give an alarm through the slope changes of current and voltage at the constant-voltage and constant-current stages in the charging process of the battery. The prediction of this patent to power battery short circuit is not only limited to the charge stage of battery, can predict the short circuit of battery under the full-time operating mode of battery, is superior to the patent of disclosing. The prediction method adopted by the patent is different from the prediction method of the patent publication in that the occurrence of the external short circuit phenomenon of the power battery is predicted in advance by detecting the short circuit current I of the battery and the derivative I' of the short circuit current I at all times and combining the warning signal of the harmful gas sensor module.
Patent publication No. CN102854428a discloses a short circuit detection device and method, which determine the occurrence of short circuit hazard of a circuit loop by determining the instantaneous current value and M-order derivative of the current of the circuit loop, wherein the circuit loop determined by the patent publication is an alternating current circuit, and the method disclosed by the patent predicts that the direct current loop of a power battery is different in the determined circuits. The judging formula and the preset condition for judging the short circuit of the circuit disclosed by the patent are suitable for an alternating current circuit with fixed frequency and are not suitable for judging the short circuit of a direct current loop of a power battery solved by the patent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an external safety monitoring device and an adaptive control method for a power battery.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a power battery safety monitoring device which characterized in that:
the intelligent current sensor module is used for waking up the microcontroller when the alarm current is exceeded, the harmful gas sensor module is used for judging and processing the external short circuit of the power battery, and the active disconnecting device is used for actively disconnecting the battery loop;
the intelligent current sensor module and the harmful gas sensor module are used for monitoring characteristic parameters of a power battery loop and the interior of the power battery, the microcontroller is used for carrying out data analysis on the characteristic parameters monitored by the intelligent current sensor module and the harmful gas sensor and judging the external short circuit phenomenon, and the microcontroller is used for driving the active disconnecting device to cut off the power battery loop.
Further, the intelligent current sensor module is used for monitoring loop current;
the harmful gas monitoring module is used for monitoring the concentration of harmful gas near the power battery loop and transmitting the concentration information to the microcontroller through a data bus;
the microcontroller is used for processing and analyzing the acquired current data and harmful gas concentration data so as to judge whether the external short circuit phenomenon of the power battery occurs or not;
the microcontroller has two working modes, namely a normal working mode and a low-power consumption working mode;
the active disconnecting device is used for disconnecting the power battery loop in a short-circuit state and is driven by the microcontroller.
Furthermore, the microcontroller has two working modes, namely a normal working mode and a low-power consumption working mode;
when a vehicle where the power battery is located is in a power-on state, the device is awakened by an IGON signal of the vehicle and is in a normal working mode, and the device periodically receives and processes current collected by the current sensor module and harmful gas concentration data monitored by the harmful gas monitoring module in the normal working mode;
when a vehicle where the power battery is located is in a power-off state, after a wake-up signal IGON of the device disappears, the device enters a low power consumption mode for 3 minutes, and before the microcontroller enters the low power consumption mode, wake-up current setting is carried out on the intelligent current sensor;
further, in a normal working mode, transmitting the acquired loop current to the microcontroller through a data bus; and when the loop generates a current I judgment threshold IMAX which is larger than the power battery external short circuit loop current I, the intelligent current sensor module is awakened by the current value, transmits the acquired loop current to the microcontroller through the data bus, and awakens the microcontroller at the same time.
Further, in the low power consumption mode, the microcontroller is in a sleep state, and the power consumption is one twentieth of that in the normal working mode; the harmful gas sensor module is in a power-off state, and the power consumption is 0; the intelligent current sensor module is in a low-power consumption working state; when the intelligent current sensor module monitors that the loop current of the power battery reaches the wake-up current, the microcontroller is immediately wakened up, the wake-up current is a judgment threshold I IMAX of the external short circuit loop current of the power battery, after the microcontroller is wakened up, a power switch of the device is controlled to supply power to the harmful gas sensor module, the whole device enters a normal working mode, the microcontroller judges the external short circuit condition, if the external short circuit condition is met, the microcontroller actively disconnects the loop to handle, if the external short circuit condition is not met, and after the wake-up signal of the intelligent sensor module disappears for 3 minutes, the microcontroller enters a low power consumption mode.
Furthermore, the active disconnecting device is connected into the power battery loop through the copper bar string of the active disconnecting device, pre-breaking lines are carved on the copper bar of the active disconnecting device, the microcontroller drives the motor in the active disconnecting device to rotate so as to drive the bolt on the copper bar to pull the copper bar to break at the pre-breaking position, and therefore the purpose of cutting off the power battery loop is achieved.
Furthermore, the active disconnecting device is changed into a mode that an explosive is arranged in the active disconnecting device to explode and open the copper bar, or the copper bar is flicked by the pretightening force of a spring.
The external safety monitoring device and the management system for the power battery are characterized in that after a microcontroller judges that the power battery is short-circuited externally, the microcontroller drives an active disconnecting device to disconnect a loop of the power battery. The active disconnecting device is connected in series in the power battery loop. The active breaking device described in this patent breaks the copper bars of the power battery circuit by the pulling force of the rotation of the motor. The copper bar of the power battery loop is pre-pressed and carved with a disconnection position, and the disconnection of the copper bar at the pre-pressed position is ensured when the motor drives the bolt to pull the copper bar.
A power battery safety monitoring self-adaptive control method is characterized in that:
judging whether the power battery has an external short circuit or not by judging whether the current I and the first derivative I 'of the current of a power battery loop exceed thresholds IMAX and I' MAX or not and whether the concentration delta of harmful gas monitored by a harmful gas sensor arranged in a power battery assembly exceeds a threshold delta MAX or not; when the loop current I, the first derivative I' of the current and the harmful gas concentration delta of the power battery simultaneously exceed the set threshold, the external short circuit is determined.
Further, the value of IMAX is: the total voltage V of the power battery and the internal resistance R of the power battery; IMAX = V/R;
the value of I' MAX is as follows: designing a power battery to have the maximum current of IPK and the current sampling period of T; i' MAX = (IMAX-IPK)/T;
the value of δ MAX: when the power battery is off-line after being assembled, the concentration of harmful gas detected by the harmful gas sensor is delta CH; δ MAX =10 × δ CH.
Further, when I > IMAX, I '> I' MAX and delta > delta MAX are simultaneously met, the occurrence of external short circuit of the power battery is judged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an external safety monitoring device and an external self-adaptive control method for a power battery, which can avoid irreversible damage of short-circuit current to the power battery and avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by external short circuit of the power battery.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an active disconnect device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a power battery safety monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a safety monitoring adaptive control method for a power battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a jump diagram of the working state of the safety monitoring device for the power battery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, the embodiments are only for specific description of the claims of the present invention, the claims include but are not limited to the embodiments, and the specific details disclosed are only for better understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a power battery safety monitoring device and a self-adaptive control method, and as shown in figure 2, the device comprises an intelligent current sensor module, a harmful gas sensor module, a microcontroller and an active disconnecting device.
The intelligent current sensor module is responsible for monitoring the loop current, and transmits the acquired loop current to the microcontroller through the data bus when the management system is in a normal working mode. When the management system is in a low power consumption mode, the intelligent current sensor module stops reporting a current value and is in the low power consumption mode, when a loop generates a current I judgment threshold IMAX which is larger than a power battery external short circuit loop, the intelligent current sensor module is awakened by the current value, the acquired loop current is transmitted to the microcontroller through the data bus, and meanwhile, the microcontroller is awakened.
And the harmful gas monitoring module is responsible for monitoring the concentration of harmful gas near the power battery loop and transmitting the concentration information to the microcontroller through a data bus.
The microcontroller is responsible for processing and analyzing the acquired current data and harmful gas concentration data so as to judge whether the external short circuit phenomenon of the power battery occurs or not; the microcontroller controls the whole management system to be in a normal working mode and a low power consumption mode, the whole management system is provided with two awakening sources, one is an IG ON signal of the whole vehicle, the other is an awakening signal of the intelligent current sensor, when any awakening signal is effective, the management system is in the normal working mode, and when the awakening signal is invalid for 3 minutes, the management system is in the low power consumption mode.
The active disconnecting device is responsible for disconnecting the power battery loop in a short-circuit state and is driven by the microcontroller.
The microcontroller of the system of the invention has two operating modes, as shown in fig. 4, a normal operating mode and a low power consumption operating mode. When a vehicle where a power battery is located is in a power-on state, the device is awakened by an IGON signal of the vehicle and is in a normal working mode, and the device periodically receives and processes current collected by the current sensor module and harmful gas concentration data monitored by the harmful gas monitoring module in the normal working mode; when a vehicle where the power battery is located is in a power-off state, the wake-up signal IGON of the device is disappeared and then the device enters a low power consumption mode 3 minutes later, and the microcontroller sets the wake-up current of the intelligent current sensor before entering the low power consumption mode. In the low power consumption mode, the microcontroller is in a dormant state, and the power consumption is one twentieth of that in the normal working mode; the harmful gas sensor module is in a power-off state, and the power consumption is 0; the intelligent current sensor module is in a low-power consumption working state; when the intelligent current sensor module monitors that the loop current of the power battery reaches the wake-up current, the microcontroller is immediately wakened up, the wake-up current can be a judgment threshold I IMAX of the loop current I of the external short circuit of the power battery, after the microcontroller is wakened up, a power switch of the device is controlled to supply power to the harmful gas sensor module, the whole device enters a normal working mode, the microcontroller judges the external short circuit condition, if the external short circuit condition is met, the microcontroller actively breaks the loop to deal with the situation, if the external short circuit condition is not met, and after the wake-up signal of the intelligent sensor module disappears for 3 minutes, the microcontroller enters a low power consumption mode.
The invention provides a self-adaptive control method for power battery safety monitoring, which confirms the external short circuit of a power battery by judging whether values of power battery loop current I, loop current first-order derivative I' and harmful gas concentration delta monitored by a harmful gas sensor, which are detected by an intelligent current sensor, exceed a set threshold value.
Setting a loop current I of a power battery and a unit A;
the voltage V of the power battery is in a unit V, and the value range is 350-400V;
internal resistance R of the power battery is in unit omega;
judging a threshold IMAX by the power battery external short circuit loop current I;
designing the maximum current of the power battery to be IPK;
the current sampling period of the power battery is T;
the first derivative I' of the power battery loop current is in A/s;
judging a threshold I' MAX of a first-order derivative of the power battery external short circuit loop current;
the concentration delta of harmful gas monitored by a harmful gas sensor is unit mol/L;
judging a threshold value delta MAX of the concentration of the harmful gas in the external short circuit of the power battery;
after the power battery is offline, the harmful gas sensor detects the harmful gas concentration delta CH for the first time;
IMAX＝V/R，
I′MAX＝(IMAX-IPK)/T，
δMAX＝10*δCH，
and when I > IMAX, I '> I' MAX and delta > delta MAX are simultaneously met, as shown in FIG. 3, judging that the external short circuit of the power battery occurs.
After the microcontroller judges that the external short circuit of the power battery occurs, the microcontroller immediately drives the active disconnecting device to cut off the loop of the power battery so as to reduce and avoid worse loss caused by short-circuit current.
As shown in fig. 1, the active disconnecting device adopted by the patent is connected into a power battery loop through a copper bar string of the device, pre-breaking lines are carved on a copper bar of the active disconnecting device, and a microcontroller drives a motor in the active disconnecting device to rotate to drive a bolt on the copper bar to pull the copper bar to break at a pre-breaking position, so that the purpose of cutting off the power battery loop is achieved.
In the present invention, said active breaking means are not a limitation of the principle of the breaking means, but indicate that there is at least one of the mentioned realizable breaking means. The principle of the active disconnecting device can be changed into that an explosive is arranged in the active disconnecting device to explode and open the copper bar, or the copper bar is flicked by the pretightening force of a spring. .
Compared with the prior art, the external safety monitoring device, the self-adaptive control method and the management system of the power battery are at least improved as follows.
(1) The method can realize monitoring and processing of the external short circuit of the full-time power battery, and related patents only predict the internal short circuit or the external short circuit of the battery in the running process of the vehicle and cannot cover the prediction and treatment of the external short circuit fault after the vehicle is locked.
(2) The self-adaptive control method adopts parameters measured by an advanced sensor technology, so that the short circuit prediction method is simpler and the prediction result is more accurate.
(3) The active disconnecting device used by the invention can quickly cut off the short-circuit loop, and compared with a passive fuse, the response time is quicker.
The utility model provides an external safety monitoring device of power battery and management system, its characterized in that, is including possessing intelligent current sensor module, harmful gas sensor module, the microcontroller of judging and handling the external short circuit of power battery, the initiative breaker of initiative disconnection battery return circuit that surpass alert current and awaken up microcontroller, prediction and processing apparatus by intelligent current sensor module, harmful gas sensor module monitoring power battery return circuit and the inside characteristic parameter of power battery, carry out data analysis and judge outside short circuit phenomenon by microcontroller to the characteristic parameter of sensor module monitoring, cut off the power battery return circuit by microcontroller drive initiative breaker.
Distinguishing technical characteristics: compared with a new report comparison file, the comparison file 1 (CN 113884890A) is obviously different from the content of the invention of the applicant in the aspects of technical problems and technical schemes to be solved, the device and the method for predicting and processing the external short circuit of the power battery are formed by the structure of the device, the method for judging the external short circuit is not available in the comparison file 1, the technical scheme of the applicant is different from the technical scheme of the comparison file, and the technical scheme is not easily determined by a person skilled in the art through common knowledge and conventional means through limited tests, so that the device and the method have innovativeness and beneficial technical effects.
The effect is as follows: this patent the device through the judgement and the analysis of multiple detection parameter, the phenomenon of the outside short circuit of judgement power battery that can be accurate to break off the short circuit return circuit through microcontroller drive initiative disconnecting means before passive fusing device breaks off power battery return circuit, the reaction rate is fast can protect power battery before short-circuit current harms power battery.
The external safety monitoring device and the self-adaptive control method for the power battery are characterized in that whether the power battery is externally short-circuited or not is judged by judging whether the current I of a power battery loop and the first derivative I 'of the current exceed thresholds IMAX and I' MAX or not and whether the concentration delta of harmful gas monitored by a harmful gas sensor arranged in a power battery assembly exceeds a threshold delta MAX or not. When the loop current I, the first derivative I' of the current and the harmful gas concentration delta of the power battery simultaneously exceed the set threshold, the external short circuit is determined.
IMAX value: the total voltage V of the power battery and the internal resistance R of the power battery. IMAX = V/R.
The value of I' MAX is as follows: the maximum current of the power battery is IPK, and the current sampling period is T. I' MAX = (IMAX-IPK)/T.
The value of δ MAX: and when the power battery is off-line after being assembled, the concentration of harmful gas detected by the harmful gas sensor is delta CH. δ MAX =10 × δ CH.
Distinguishing technical characteristics: compared with a new report comparison file, the comparison file 3 (CN 102854428B) is obviously different from the invention content of the applicant in the aspects of technical problems and technical schemes to be solved, the device and the method for predicting and processing the external short circuit of the power battery solve the method for predicting the external short circuit of the direct current loop, the comparison file 2 solves the method for predicting the short circuit of the alternating current loop, the technical scheme of the applicant is different from the technical scheme of the comparison file, and the technical scheme is not common knowledge of technicians in the field, is easy to determine by conventional means and limited tests, has innovation and beneficial technical effects.
The effects are as follows: the method determines the value of the threshold value of the judgment parameter by combining the inherent parameter and the empirical value of the power battery assembly design, and each parameter meets the condition that the threshold value is in a logical and relation, so that not only can the external short circuit phenomenon be accurately judged, but also the misjudgment can be avoided.
The external safety monitoring device and the management system for the power battery are characterized in that after a microcontroller judges that the power battery is short-circuited externally, the microcontroller drives an active disconnecting device to disconnect a loop of the power battery. The active disconnecting device is connected in series in the power battery loop. The active disconnect device described in this patent breaks the copper bars of the power battery circuit by the pulling force of the motor rotation. The copper bar of power battery return circuit is impressed in advance and is carved good disconnection position, guarantees that the copper bar can break at the position of impressing in advance when the motor drives the bolt and pulls the copper bar.
The effects are as follows: compared with a passive fuse, the active disconnecting device has the advantages of low cost and high response speed, and can cut off a power battery loop before the power battery is irreversibly damaged by short-circuit current, so that the safety of the power battery is protected, and a greater safety risk is avoided.
The utility model provides an external safety monitoring device of power battery, self-adaptation control method and management system which characterized in that can monitor power battery external short circuit phenomenon in full-time. And when the vehicle is in the working state, awakening the external short circuit prediction device through an IG ON signal of the vehicle, so that the external short circuit prediction device is in a normal working state. When the vehicle is in a vehicle locking sleep state, an IG ON awakening signal received by the external short circuit prediction device disappears, the external short circuit prediction device enters a low-power consumption sleep mode 3 minutes after the IG ON signal disappears, the current sensor actively awakens the microcontroller if the current I flowing through the current sensor is greater than IMAX in the low-power consumption mode, and the microcontroller enters an external short circuit judgment flow after being awakened.
Distinguishing technical characteristics: comparison file 2 compared with the comparison file of the new report
The (CN 111108403A) is obviously different from the applicant's invention in the aspects of the technical problems and technical solutions to be solved, and an external safety monitoring device, an adaptive control method and a management system for a power battery can monitor the external short circuit phenomenon of the power battery at all times, and no matter whether the vehicle is in a working state, this is not true for the comparison document 2, and the comparison document 2 can only determine whether the battery is in a short circuit state by determining the change of the battery voltage and current curves in the charging stage of the battery. The technical scheme of the applicant is different from the technical scheme of the comparison document, is not easily determined by a person skilled in the art through a limited number of tests by using the common knowledge and the conventional means, and has innovation and beneficial technical effects.
The effect is as follows: this patent the sensor that the device used can awaken up the microcontroller under the dormant state when power battery loop current surpasss settlement current IMAX to reach the full-time monitoring to the outside short circuit of power battery, and handle external short circuit phenomenon, furthest's reduction power battery outside short circuit harm that causes has reduced electric automobile because of the loss that the outside short circuit of power battery arouses spontaneous combustion wave and other vehicles.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a power battery safety monitoring device which characterized in that:
the intelligent current sensor module is used for waking up the microcontroller when the alarm current is exceeded, the harmful gas sensor module is used for judging and processing the external short circuit of the power battery, and the active disconnecting device is used for actively disconnecting the battery loop;
the intelligent current sensor module and the harmful gas sensor module are used for monitoring characteristic parameters of a power battery loop and the interior of the power battery, the microcontroller is used for carrying out data analysis on the characteristic parameters monitored by the intelligent current sensor module and the harmful gas sensor and judging the external short circuit phenomenon, and the microcontroller is used for driving the active disconnecting device to cut off the power battery loop.
2. The power battery safety monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein:
the intelligent current sensor module is used for monitoring loop current;
the harmful gas monitoring module is used for monitoring the concentration of harmful gas near the power battery loop and transmitting concentration information to the microcontroller through a data bus;
the microcontroller is used for processing and analyzing the acquired current data and harmful gas concentration data so as to judge whether the external short circuit phenomenon of the power battery occurs or not;
the microcontroller has two working modes, namely a normal working mode and a low-power consumption working mode;
the active disconnecting device is used for disconnecting the power battery loop in a short-circuit state and is driven by the microcontroller.
3. The power battery safety monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein:
the microcontroller has two working modes, namely a normal working mode and a low-power consumption working mode;
when a vehicle where the power battery is located is in a power-on state, the device is awakened by an IGON signal of the vehicle and is in a normal working mode, and the device periodically receives and processes current collected by the current sensor module and harmful gas concentration data monitored by the harmful gas monitoring module in the normal working mode;
when a vehicle where the power battery is located is in a power-off state, the awakening signal IGON of the device disappears 3 minutes later, the device enters a low power consumption mode, and the intelligent current sensor is subjected to awakening current setting before the microcontroller enters the low power consumption mode.
4. The power battery safety monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein:
under a normal working mode, transmitting the acquired loop current to a microcontroller through a data bus; and when the loop generates a current I judgment threshold IMAX which is larger than the power battery external short circuit loop current I, the intelligent current sensor module is awakened by the current value, transmits the acquired loop current to the microcontroller through the data bus, and awakens the microcontroller at the same time.
5. The power battery safety monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein:
in the low power consumption mode, the microcontroller is in a dormant state, and the power consumption is one twentieth of that in the normal working mode; the harmful gas sensor module is in a power-off state, and the power consumption is 0; the intelligent current sensor module is in a low-power consumption working state; when the intelligent current sensor module monitors that the loop current of the power battery reaches the wake-up current, the microcontroller is immediately wakened up, the wake-up current is a judgment threshold I IMAX of the external short circuit loop current of the power battery, after the microcontroller is wakened up, a power switch of the device is controlled to supply power to the harmful gas sensor module, the whole device enters a normal working mode, the microcontroller judges the external short circuit condition, if the external short circuit condition is met, the microcontroller actively disconnects the loop to handle, if the external short circuit condition is not met, and after the wake-up signal of the intelligent sensor module disappears for 3 minutes, the microcontroller enters a low power consumption mode.
6. The power battery safety monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein:
the active disconnecting device is connected into the power battery loop through the copper bar string of the active disconnecting device, pre-breaking lines are carved on the copper bar of the active disconnecting device, the microcontroller drives the motor in the active disconnecting device to rotate to drive the bolt on the copper bar to pull the copper bar to break at the pre-breaking position, and therefore the purpose of cutting off the power battery loop is achieved.
7. The power battery safety monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein:
the active disconnecting device is changed into a mode that an explosive is arranged in the active disconnecting device to explode and open the copper bar or the copper bar is flicked by the pretightening force of a spring.
The external safety monitoring device and management system for the power battery are characterized in that after a microcontroller judges that the power battery is short-circuited externally, the microcontroller drives an active disconnecting device to disconnect a power battery loop. The active disconnecting device is connected in series in the power battery loop. The active disconnect device described in this patent breaks the copper bars of the power battery circuit by the pulling force of the motor rotation. The copper bar of power battery return circuit is impressed in advance and is carved good disconnection position, guarantees that the copper bar can break at the position of impressing in advance when the motor drives the bolt and pulls the copper bar.
8. A power battery safety monitoring self-adaptive control method is characterized in that:
judging whether the power battery is subjected to external short circuit or not by judging whether the current I and the first derivative I 'of the current of a power battery loop exceed threshold values IMAX and I' MAX or not and judging whether the concentration delta of harmful gas monitored by a harmful gas sensor arranged in a power battery assembly exceeds the threshold value delta MAX or not; when the loop current I, the first derivative I' of the current and the harmful gas concentration delta of the power battery simultaneously exceed the set threshold, the external short circuit is determined.
9. The self-adaptive control method for monitoring the safety of the power battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein the self-adaptive control method comprises the following steps:
IMAX value: the total voltage V of the power battery and the internal resistance R of the power battery; IMAX = V/R;
the value of I' MAX is as follows: designing a power battery to have the maximum current of IPK and the current sampling period of T; i' MAX = (IMAX-IPK)/T;
the value of δ MAX: when the power battery is off-line after being assembled, the concentration of harmful gas detected by the harmful gas sensor is delta CH; δ MAX =10 × δ CH.
10. The self-adaptive control method for monitoring the safety of the power battery as claimed in claim 9, wherein the self-adaptive control method comprises the following steps:
and when I > IMAX, I '> I' MAX and delta > delta MAX are simultaneously met, judging that the external short circuit of the power battery occurs.
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