CN115203114A - Bidirectional communication system and method - Google Patents

Bidirectional communication system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115203114A
CN115203114A CN202210700993.8A CN202210700993A CN115203114A CN 115203114 A CN115203114 A CN 115203114A CN 202210700993 A CN202210700993 A CN 202210700993A CN 115203114 A CN115203114 A CN 115203114A
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Prior art keywords
processing module
master
slave device
slave
communication
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Inventor
任晓斌
兰晓明
胡木吉勒
王夏静
孙峰
武刚
武阳
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Unicore Communications Inc
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Unicore Communications Inc
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Priority to CN202210700993.8A priority Critical patent/CN115203114A/en
Publication of CN115203114A publication Critical patent/CN115203114A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/10—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a two-way communication system and a method, wherein the two-way communication system comprises: comprises a master device and at least one slave device; the master device and each slave device respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module; the master control module of the master device or each slave device is in bidirectional communication with the respective first processing module and the second processing module; the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform unidirectional communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode; and the second processing module of the master device is configured to perform bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device in a second communication mode. The bidirectional communication system and the method disclosed by the application realize stable bidirectional communication between the master device and the plurality of slave devices.

Description

Bidirectional communication system and method
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a bidirectional communication system and method.
Background
Currently, an SPI communication system includes a master device (hereinafter, referred to as a master device), and may include a plurality of slave devices (hereinafter, referred to as slave devices). The SPI communication system needs four lines to realize bidirectional communication, which are respectively: the data synchronization system comprises a serial clock line (CSK), a master input/slave output data line (MISO), a master output/slave input data line (MOSI), and a low-level active slave selection line (CS), wherein the master device transmits data to the slave device through the MOSI data line, the slave device transmits data to the master device through the MISO data line, data synchronization is performed through the serial clock line, and data input and data output are performed simultaneously. SPI communication requires that the slave device operate first before the master device begins sending data to the slave device. However, in practical applications, there is a problem that the start timing of the master device and the slave device cannot be ensured, for example, the master device starts and completes initialization first and starts to write the SPI, but the slave device starts and initializes late, which may cause an SPI data transmission error and definitely cause an SPI communication abnormality. Therefore, the master device sends a large amount of data, and the slave device loses data no matter how much data is sent. Especially in the case of one master and multiple slaves, it is more difficult to ensure that multiple slaves initialize and receive data normally.
Each slave in the SPI communication implements communication with the master device by configuring the slave device select line to be low, requiring independent use of signals, which is complicated in both hardware and software. When there are multiple slave devices, each slave device needs a chip select line, resulting in occupying more interface lines of the master device. All devices must use the same operating parameters, mainly the clock polarity and clock phase must be identical, to operate properly. The NSS signal of the SPI is a chip selection signal, and the 'enabling' can be hardware control. But in applications also software operations are required to control the NSS signal (high-low), which requires software to ensure timing. When there are multiple slaves, different slave devices need different chip select lines, and the software for ensuring the timing sequence is more complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a bidirectional communication system and a method, which realize stable bidirectional communication between a master device and a plurality of slave devices.
The application provides a two-way communication system, comprising a master device and at least one slave device;
the master device and each slave device respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module;
the master control module of the master device or each slave device is in bidirectional communication with the respective first processing module and the second processing module;
the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform unidirectional communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode;
and the second processing module of the master device is configured to perform bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device in a second communication mode.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of each slave device is configured to send specific information to the master device in a second communication manner through the second processing module of the slave device after the slave device completes the initialization operation of the first communication manner, where the specific information is used to indicate that the slave device completes the initialization operation of the first communication manner.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of each slave device is further configured to determine whether the specific information is successfully transmitted after the characteristic information is transmitted, and if the specific information is not successfully transmitted, the specific information is transmitted again until it is determined that the specific information is successfully transmitted.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform unidirectional communication with the first processing module of the slave device in the first communication manner after the second processing module of the master device receives the specific information sent by the slave device.
In an exemplary embodiment, the main control module of the main device is configured to trigger a watchdog of the main device to restart the main device when the first processing module and the second processing module of the main device are abnormal.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of the master device is further configured to monitor each slave device, and restart the slave device when the heartbeat information of a certain slave device is not received within a preset monitoring period.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of the master device is physically communicated with the master control module of any slave device through a GPIO;
the restarting the slave device includes:
and the master control module of the master device restarts the slave device by controlling the hard reset GPIO of the slave device.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first communication mode is different from the second communication mode.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first communication mode is an SPI communication mode;
the second communication mode is a UART communication mode.
The application provides a bidirectional communication method, which is applied to a bidirectional communication system, wherein the bidirectional communication system comprises a master device and at least one slave device; the master device and each slave device respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module;
the master control module of the master equipment or each slave equipment is in bidirectional communication with the respective first processing module and second processing module;
the first processing module of the master device is in one-way communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode; and the second processing module of the master device is in bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device in a second communication mode.
The application includes the following advantages:
at least one embodiment of the application judges whether any slave device in at least one slave device completes initialization operation of a first communication mode; when any slave device is judged to complete the initialization operation of the first communication mode, the master device sends data to the slave device through the first communication mode, the phenomenon of data loss caused by the problem that the starting time sequence of the master device and the slave device cannot be ensured due to SPI communication is avoided, and the reliability of system two-way communication is ensured.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, data can be sent through the slave device via the UART protocol, so that the correctness of the data is ensured.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the system stability can be ensured by a heartbeat monitoring mechanism and a master watchdog mechanism.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time for the practice of the present application.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification and the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-way communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another two-way communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional communication system according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the bidirectional communication system according to the present embodiment includes a master device and at least one slave device; the master device and each slave device respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module; the master control module of the master device or each slave device is in bidirectional communication with the respective first processing module and the second processing module; the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform unidirectional communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode; and the second processing module of the master device is configured to perform bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device in a second communication mode.
The master device and the slave device may be chips, for example.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of each slave device is configured to send specific information to the master device in a second communication manner through the second processing module of the slave device after the slave device completes the initialization operation of the first communication manner, where the specific information is used to indicate that the slave device completes the initialization operation of the first communication manner.
The specific information is used for indicating the slave equipment to complete the initialization operation of the first communication mode; if the SPI communication mode is adopted, the specific information may be SPI _ READY information.
It should be noted that, after receiving the specific information, the master device knows that the slave device has completed the initialization operation of the first communication method, and in this case, the master device sends data to the slave device through the first communication method. If the slave device does not complete the initialization operation of the first communication mode, the master device does not transmit data to the slave device. Only the master device transmits data to the slave device through the first communication mode, and the slave devices transmit data to the master device through the second communication mode.
For example, in the case of one master device and one slave device, after the slave device completes the initialization operation of the SPI communication method, the SPI _ READY information is sent to the master device through the UART communication method. After receiving the information, the master device sends data to the slave device in an SPI communication mode, so that the problem that the SPI interaction time sequence is wrong due to reasons such as starting time sequence and level information are wrong, data transmission errors are caused, and the stability of the SPI operation is influenced is avoided.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of each slave device is further configured to determine whether the specific information is successfully transmitted after the characteristic information is transmitted, and if the specific information is not successfully transmitted, the specific information is transmitted again until it is determined that the specific information is successfully transmitted.
For example, after the slave device sends the specific information (for example, SPI _ READY information), it monitors whether it receives data sent by the master device through a first communication method (for example, SPI communication method); when the data sent by the main device through the first communication mode is not received after the preset time (for example, 2 seconds), the specific information is sent to the main device through the second communication mode (for example, the UART communication mode) again until the data sent by the main device through the first communication mode is received.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform unidirectional communication with the first processing module of the slave device through the first communication manner only after the second processing module of the master device receives the specific information sent by the slave device.
In an exemplary embodiment, the main control module of the main device is configured to trigger a watchdog of the main device to restart the main device when the first processing module and the second processing module of the main device are abnormal.
For example, no specified flow control is performed in SPI communication, and no response mechanism confirms whether data is received, and when a slave device is abnormally hung up, the master device cannot confirm the state of the slave device and does not know whether the slave device still exists, so that stable operation of the whole system cannot be ensured.
In order to ensure stable operation of the whole system, in an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of the master device is further configured to listen to each slave device, and restart the slave device when heartbeat information of a certain slave device is not received within a preset listening period.
For example, when each slave device is monitored, when a heartbeat message of the slave device is received within a preset time length (for example, 10 seconds), the corresponding slave device is determined to be normal; when the heartbeat message of the slave equipment is not received after the preset time (for example, 10 seconds), judging that the corresponding slave equipment is abnormal. When the slave device is abnormal, the abnormal slave device needs to be restarted.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master control module of the master device is physically communicated with the master control module of any slave device through a GPIO; the restarting the slave device includes:
and the master control module of the master device restarts the slave device by controlling the hard reset GPIO of the slave device.
In an exemplary embodiment, after the slave device transmits the specific information, it is determined whether the specific information is successfully transmitted, and if not, the specific information is transmitted again until it is determined that the specific information is successfully transmitted.
In an exemplary embodiment, the master device periodically determines whether each slave device is normal, and controls the abnormal slave device to restart when it is determined that the slave device is abnormal.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first communication mode is different from the second communication mode. For example, the first communication method is an SPI communication method; the second communication mode is a UART communication mode.
The application scenario of the embodiment of the present application includes, but is not limited to, a scenario in which the master device sends a large amount of data to the slave device, and the slave device sends a small amount of data to the master device. The method can be applied to the application fields of any embedded system which has communication requirements between microcontrollers or between the microcontrollers and sensors and needs stable and reliable two-way communication, such as the application fields of artificial intelligence, measurement and mapping, mechanical control, internet of things, intelligent driving, wearable equipment and the like.
According to the embodiment of the application, the master device sends data to the slave device through the first communication mode, and the slave device sends data to the master device through the second communication mode, namely, through the cooperation of the first communication mode and the second communication mode, stable two-way communication between the master device and the slave device is achieved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another bidirectional communication system according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, including a master device and a slave device. The main device comprises an SPI processing module (corresponding to the first processing module of the main device), a main control module and a UART processing module (corresponding to the second processing module of the main device). The slave device comprises an SPI processing module ((corresponding to a first processing module of the slave device), a main control module and a UART processing module ((corresponding to a second processing module of the slave device)).
1) SPI processing module in master device
The module transmits the SPI state to the main control module at regular time and works according to the control logic of the main control module. And controlling the slave device chip selection signal to be enabled, and generating a clock signal for data synchronization. In the aspect of MOSI and MISO, this scheme only uses MOSI, does not use MISO, only one-way communication, through SPI, master equipment sends data for slave unit, and slave unit can not send data for master unit through SPI.
2) Master control module in master device
The module collects and gathers information of the UART processing module and the SPI processing module, and control of overall operation of the main control module is achieved. Through the mode of sharing the memory, the main control module communicates with the SPI processing module and the UART processing module. When the SPI processing module and the UART processing module are abnormal, the watchdog of the main control module is triggered, and the main equipment is restarted. And monitoring the slave module according to the slave equipment information sent by the UART processing module. When heartbeat information of a certain slave module cannot be received, the hard reset of the corresponding slave module is triggered, and the slave device is restarted through the operation of writing GPIO.
3) UART processing module in main equipment
The module carries out serial port communication with a UART processing module of the slave equipment through the UART, and the synchronization of information of the master equipment and the slave equipment is realized. And sending the slave equipment information and the UART state information of the master equipment to a master control module, and sending the master equipment information to the slave equipment through a serial port.
4) SPI processing module in slave device
The module transmits the SPI state to the main control module at regular time and works according to the control logic of the main control module. And carrying out data synchronization with the master device according to the clock signal of the master device. And receiving data transmitted by the master equipment through the MOSI signal line.
5) Master control module in slave device
The module collects and summarizes information of the UART processing module and the SPI processing module, and control over overall operation of the slave control module is achieved. Through the mode of sharing the memory, the main control module communicates with the SPI processing module and the UART processing module. Heartbeat information is generated regularly and sent to the master device through the UART processing module, and the master device monitors the slave device based on the heartbeat information to ensure the normal operation of the slave device.
The master device is the master control of the whole system, the slave devices do not have an internal watchdog mechanism, and the slave devices are matched with the master device to realize the watchdog mechanism of the slave devices. The master device restarts the slave device through hard reset, so that the robustness of the operation of the slave device is improved.
6) UART processing module in slave device
The module carries out serial port communication with a UART processing module of the master device through the UART, and synchronization of information of the master device and the slave device is achieved. And sending the master equipment information and the UART state information of the slave equipment to a master control module, and sending the slave equipment information to the master equipment through a serial port.
The scheme aims at the scene that the master device sends a large amount of data to the slave device and the slave device sends a small amount of data to the master device, and the problem that data are lost in SPI bidirectional communication is effectively solved.
By adopting the scheme of communication of the UART and the SPI, the time sequence of the master device and the slave device is ensured, and the problem of abnormal SPI communication caused by time sequence errors is avoided.
In the aspect of SPI communication, the scheme only uses a serial clock line (CSK), a master input/slave output line (MOSI) and a low-level active slave selection line (CS), and does not use a master output/slave input data line (MOSI). The data is sent from the slave device to the master device through the UART, the complexity of SPI communication is reduced, and the robustness of SPI communication is improved.
Through UART communication, key information synchronization of the master device and the slave device is realized, and the parity check of UART can realize error check on the transmitted key information.
The master device receives a protection mechanism of the slave device information through the UART, in order to ensure that the master device can normally receive the SPI _ READY information, the slave device monitors whether the SPI has data after sending the SPI _ READY information through the UART every time, and if the SPI information sent by the master device is not received in more than 2 seconds, the SPI _ READY information is sent to the master device through the UART again, and the steps are repeated until the SPI data sent by the master device is successfully received.
And the master device monitors the state of the slave device based on the heartbeat information sent by the slave device, and when the heartbeat information of the slave device is not received for more than 10 seconds, the master device can consider that the slave device is abnormal, operate and control the GPIO (general purpose input/output) which is reset by the slave device, realize the restart of the slave device and ensure the stability of the whole system.
According to the embodiment of the application, through the cooperation of SPI communication and UART communication, a logic closed loop is formed, and stable two-way communication between one master device and a plurality of slave devices is realized. The reliability of bidirectional communication, the correctness of data and the stability of the whole system are ensured by four protection mechanisms: the system comprises a heartbeat monitoring mechanism of the slave equipment, an SPI time sequence protection mechanism, a master equipment watchdog mechanism and a protection mechanism of the master equipment for receiving slave equipment information through UART. In practical terms, the usability and reliability of the design are confirmed through system verification of tens of thousands of UC4C0 chips as a master device and other microcontrollers or sensors as slave devices.
The application also provides a bidirectional communication method, which is applied to a bidirectional communication system, wherein the bidirectional communication system comprises a master device and at least one slave device; the master equipment and each slave equipment respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module;
the master control module of the master device or each slave device is in bidirectional communication with the first processing module and the second processing module respectively;
the first processing module of the master device is in one-way communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode; and the second processing module of the master device is in bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device in a second communication mode.
The present application describes embodiments, but the description is illustrative rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of any other feature or element in any other embodiment, unless expressly limited otherwise.
Any features shown and/or discussed in this application may be implemented separately or in any suitable combination.
Further, in describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and/or process as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the method or process should not be limited to the particular sequence of steps described. Other sequences of steps are possible as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A two-way communication system, characterized in that,
comprises a master device and at least one slave device;
the master equipment and each slave equipment respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module;
the master control module of the master device or each slave device is in bidirectional communication with the respective first processing module and second processing module;
the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform unidirectional communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode;
and the second processing module of the master device is configured to perform bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device in a second communication mode.
2. The two-way communication system of claim 1,
the master control module of each slave device is configured to send specific information to the master device in a second communication mode through the second processing module of the slave device after the slave device completes initialization operation of the first communication mode, where the specific information is used to indicate that the slave device completes initialization operation of the first communication mode.
3. The two-way communication system of claim 2,
the master control module of each slave device is further configured to determine whether the specific information is successfully transmitted after the characteristic information is transmitted, and if the specific information is not successfully transmitted, the specific information is transmitted again until the specific information is successfully transmitted.
4. The two-way communication system of claim 2,
and the first processing module of the master device is configured to perform one-way communication with the first processing module of the slave device in a first communication mode after the second processing module of the master device receives the specific information sent by the slave device.
5. The two-way communication system of claim 1,
the main control module of the main device is configured to trigger a watchdog of the main device to restart the main device when the first processing module and the second processing module of the main device are abnormal.
6. The two-way communication system of claim 1,
the master control module of the master device is further configured to monitor each slave device, and restart the slave device when the heartbeat information of a certain slave device is not received in a preset monitoring period.
7. The two-way communication system of claim 6,
the master control module of the master device is physically communicated with the master control module of any slave device through a GPIO (general purpose input/output);
the restarting the slave device includes:
and the master control module of the master device restarts the slave device by controlling the hard reset GPIO of the slave device.
8. The two-way communication system of claim 1,
the first communication mode is different from the second communication mode.
9. The two-way communication system of claim 1,
the first communication mode is an SPI communication mode;
the second communication mode is a UART communication mode.
10. A two-way communication method is applied to a two-way communication system and is characterized in that,
the two-way communication system comprises a master device and at least one slave device; the master equipment and each slave equipment respectively comprise a first processing module, a master control module and a second processing module;
the master control module of the master device or each slave device is in bidirectional communication with the first processing module and the second processing module respectively;
the first processing module of the master device is in one-way communication with the first processing module of each slave device through a first communication mode; and the second processing module of the master device is in bidirectional communication with the second processing module of each slave device respectively through a second communication mode.
CN202210700993.8A 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Bidirectional communication system and method Pending CN115203114A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210700993.8A CN115203114A (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Bidirectional communication system and method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210700993.8A CN115203114A (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Bidirectional communication system and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115203114A true CN115203114A (en) 2022-10-18

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