CN115200973A - Bituminous mixture two-way tension-compression equal proportion loading intensity experimental apparatus - Google Patents

Bituminous mixture two-way tension-compression equal proportion loading intensity experimental apparatus Download PDF

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CN115200973A
CN115200973A CN202210786450.2A CN202210786450A CN115200973A CN 115200973 A CN115200973 A CN 115200973A CN 202210786450 A CN202210786450 A CN 202210786450A CN 115200973 A CN115200973 A CN 115200973A
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asphalt mixture
upper cover
cover plate
gear
tension
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关宏信
杨海荣
徐英杰
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G01N2001/2873Cutting or cleaving
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0026Combination of several types of applied forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0254Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportion loading strength experimental device for an asphalt mixture, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein a groove is formed in the bottom plate, an asphalt mixture test piece is arranged in the groove, and a lifting device is arranged at the lower end of the groove; an upper cover plate is arranged above the bituminous mixture trial-made piece, and when the upper cover plate is used for pressing the bituminous mixture trial-made piece, the upper cover plate moves downwards to be under the action of the linkage piece and on the pull rod so as to transversely pull the bituminous mixture trial-made piece; the pull rod is arranged on the slide rail, the support rod is inserted in the upper cover plate, and the middle of the upper end of the upper cover plate is provided with a pressing force application part. The device is ingenious in design, the asphalt mixture test piece can be simultaneously pulled and pressed, and vertical force application enables the asphalt mixture test piece to be transversely pulled through the linkage piece, namely the asphalt mixture test piece is simultaneously subjected to loads in two different directions, and is vertically pressed and transversely pulled; and the size of the linkage piece is changed, so that the transverse tension is changed, and the effect of changing the compression-tension stress ratio is achieved.

Description

一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置An experimental device for bidirectional tensile and compressive equal-proportional loading strength of asphalt mixture

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及沥青混合料相关技术领域,具体为一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置。The invention relates to the relevant technical field of asphalt mixtures, in particular to an experimental device for bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportion loading strength of asphalt mixtures.

背景技术Background technique

我国大多数的高等级公路都是采用沥青路面。沥青路面是长期暴露在外界环境中且经受车轮荷载的反复作用,长期处于复杂应力状态,路面的结构强度也会随着荷载反复作用次数的增多而下降。由于沥青路面在车轮荷载作用下,路表呈现出双向拉-压同时作用的应力状态。在现有的沥青混合料强度试验方法中,劈裂强度试验的沥青混合料试件处于二维应力状态。但是,传统的劈裂强度试验存在如下不足:一是施加压力的夹具边缘肯定会首先开裂,这与劈裂强度计算公式的假定不符(其假定试件圆心处先开裂);二是沥青混合料试件圆心处受到的双向应力比值固定,无法反映路表实际多变的双向应力比值情况。Most of the high-grade highways in our country use asphalt pavement. Asphalt pavement is exposed to the external environment for a long time and is subjected to the repeated action of wheel loads. It is in a complex stress state for a long time. The structural strength of the pavement will also decrease with the increase of the number of repeated loads. Because the asphalt pavement is under the action of the wheel load, the road surface presents a stress state in which the two-way tension-compression acts simultaneously. In the existing asphalt mixture strength test method, the asphalt mixture specimen for splitting strength test is in a two-dimensional stress state. However, the traditional splitting strength test has the following deficiencies: First, the edge of the fixture that applies pressure will definitely crack first, which is inconsistent with the assumption of the splitting strength calculation formula (it assumes that the center of the specimen will crack first); second, the asphalt mixture The bidirectional stress ratio at the center of the specimen is fixed, which cannot reflect the actual changeable bidirectional stress ratio of the road surface.

专利一公开(公告)号:CN201110404400.5,申请(专利权)人:华南理工大学。本专利的摘要内容为:本发明提供了道路材料圆柱体试件双向交替劈裂试验的夹具与试验方法,该夹具包括结构相同并且具有间隔的前端面单元和后端面单元,以及两端面单元之间的连接件;所述前端面单元和后端面单元均包括上翼板、下翼板、八块连接板;连接件包括上压条、下压条、侧压条、顶板和底板。将夹具固定之后,再与加载装置相连接;然后将圆柱体试件置于夹具中,使试件两端各空出相等的距离;在夹具顶板的铅垂方向循环施加压缩与拉伸荷载,试件产生拉伸与压缩变形,由此得到拉-压交替的双向劈裂疲劳试验结果。该夹具实现了试件的铅垂和水平方向的交替压缩-拉伸加载,得到该加载条件下路面材料的实际抗疲劳性能,并可用于研究材料内部裂纹的扩展与愈合规律。Patent No. 1 publication (announcement): CN201110404400.5, applicant (patent right): South China University of Technology. The abstract of this patent is as follows: The present invention provides a fixture and a test method for a bidirectional alternate splitting test of a cylindrical specimen of road materials. The fixture includes a front-end surface unit and a rear-end surface unit with the same structure and spaced apart, and a gap between the two end surface units. The front-end surface unit and the rear-end surface unit each include an upper wing plate, a lower wing plate, and eight connecting plates; the connecting parts include an upper pressure strip, a lower pressure strip, a side pressure strip, a top plate and a bottom plate. After the fixture is fixed, it is connected to the loading device; then the cylindrical specimen is placed in the fixture, so that both ends of the specimen are vacated by equal distances; compressive and tensile loads are cyclically applied in the vertical direction of the fixture top plate, The specimen is deformed in tension and compression, and the results of the bidirectional splitting fatigue test with alternating tension and compression are obtained. The fixture realizes the alternate compression-tensile loading of the specimen in the vertical and horizontal directions, obtains the actual fatigue resistance of the pavement material under the loading condition, and can be used to study the propagation and healing laws of internal cracks in the material.

对比文件中的专利是试件的铅垂和水平方向的交替压缩-拉伸加载(任意时刻,只有一个方向受到荷载),且压拉应力比固定,属于一种疲劳试验设备,其不能做到使沥青混合料试件同时受到双向拉压荷载,而且,其无法保证试件圆心先开裂。对比文件没有公开本专利的技术方案,不能破坏本专利的新颖性,同时以上对比文件的组合也不能破坏本专利的创造性。The patent in the comparison document is the alternate compressive-tensile loading in the vertical and horizontal directions of the specimen (at any time, only one direction is loaded), and the compressive-tensile stress ratio is fixed, which belongs to a kind of fatigue test equipment, which cannot be achieved. The asphalt mixture specimen is subjected to bidirectional tensile and compressive loads at the same time, and it cannot guarantee that the center of the specimen will crack first. The reference documents do not disclose the technical solution of the patent, which cannot destroy the novelty of the patent, and the combination of the above reference documents cannot destroy the inventiveness of the patent.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是针对以上问题,提供一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,设计巧妙,对沥青混合料试件可以同时拉压,竖向施力通过联动件使得横向受拉,即同时受到两个不同方向的荷载,竖向受压,横向受拉;并通过改变联动件的尺寸,使得横向拉力发生改变,从而达到改变压拉应力比的效果。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device for asphalt mixture, which is ingeniously designed, can simultaneously tension and compress the asphalt mixture sample, and apply vertical force through the linkage to make the lateral tension , that is, subjected to loads in two different directions at the same time, vertically compressed and laterally stretched; and by changing the size of the linkage, the lateral tensile force is changed, so as to achieve the effect of changing the compression-tension stress ratio.

为实现以上目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:它包括底板,底板上设置有凹槽,凹槽内设置有沥青混合料试制件,凹槽的下端设置有升降装置;沥青混合料试制件的上方设置有上盖板,上盖板的下方两侧设置有用于对沥青混合料试制件施压时,上盖板的下移在联动件的作用下在拉杆上从而产生对沥青混合料试制件横向拉;拉杆的设置在滑轨上,上盖板上穿插有第二支撑杆,上盖板的上端中部设置有下压施力部。In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: it comprises a bottom plate, a groove is arranged on the bottom plate, an asphalt mixture trial piece is arranged in the groove, and a lifting device is arranged at the lower end of the groove; The upper cover is provided with an upper cover, and the lower sides of the upper cover are provided with a tie rod for pressing the asphalt mixture test piece. The pull rod is arranged on the sliding rail, the upper cover plate is interspersed with a second support rod, and the middle part of the upper end of the upper cover plate is provided with a downward pressure applying part.

进一步的,联动件设置为分别与上盖板和拉杆铰接连接的连接杆。Further, the linkage member is configured as a connecting rod hingedly connected with the upper cover plate and the pull rod respectively.

进一步的,拉杆的一端通过连接块与沥青混合料试制件连接,拉杆的另一端设置有限位块。Further, one end of the tie rod is connected with the asphalt mixture trial piece through a connecting block, and the other end of the tie rod is provided with a limiting block.

进一步的,联动件包括第一齿条,第一齿条与第一齿轮啮合连接,第一齿轮的侧端与第二齿轮啮合连接,第二齿轮的下端与第三齿轮啮合连接,第三齿轮的下端与第二齿条啮合连接。Further, the linkage includes a first rack, the first rack is meshed with the first gear, the side end of the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the lower end of the second gear is meshed with the third gear, the third gear The lower end of the gear is engaged with the second rack.

进一步的,第一齿条的上端设置在上盖板的下端两侧;第二齿轮、第三齿轮和第一齿轮分别通过第一竖杆、第二竖杆和连接轴设置在底板上;第二齿条设置在拉杆的凹槽内。Further, the upper end of the first rack is arranged on both sides of the lower end of the upper cover plate; the second gear, the third gear and the first gear are respectively arranged on the bottom plate through the first vertical rod, the second vertical rod and the connecting shaft; The two racks are arranged in the groove of the tie rod.

进一步的,上盖板的两端设置有防止与第一齿轮干涉的切口。Further, both ends of the upper cover plate are provided with notches to prevent interference with the first gear.

进一步的,沥青混合料试制件为四边各切一刀的圆柱,沥青混合料试制件的两侧与连接块为粘贴连接。Further, the asphalt mixture trial piece is a cylinder with four sides cut with a knife, and the two sides of the asphalt mixture trial piece are connected with the connecting block by sticking.

进一步的,拉杆由第一拉杆主体和第二拉杆主体组成,第一拉杆主体和第二拉杆主体的一端分别设置螺套内。Further, the pull rod is composed of a first pull rod main body and a second pull rod main body, and one ends of the first pull rod main body and the second pull rod main body are respectively arranged in a screw sleeve.

进一步的,滑轨的下端设置有第一支撑杆,第一支撑杆的下端设置在底板上。Further, the lower end of the slide rail is provided with a first support rod, and the lower end of the first support rod is set on the bottom plate.

本发明的有益效果:Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1、本发明提供一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,设计巧妙,对沥青混合料试件可以同时拉压,竖向施力通过联动件使得横向受拉,即同时受到两个不同方向的荷载,竖向受压,横向受拉;并通过改变联动件的尺寸,使得横向拉力发生改变,从而达到改变压拉应力比的效果。1. The present invention provides a bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportion loading strength test device for asphalt mixture, which is ingeniously designed, and can simultaneously tension and compress the asphalt mixture sample, and the vertical force is applied through the linkage to make the lateral tension, that is, it is subjected to two simultaneous tensions. Loads in different directions are vertically compressed and laterally stretched; and by changing the size of the linkage, the lateral tension is changed, so as to achieve the effect of changing the compression-tension stress ratio.

2、本发明中沥青混合料试制件横向所受拉力源于试件竖向所受压力 (通过联动件改变方向和大小),实现了双向荷载等比例加载;同时拉压且压拉应力比可调,模拟了真实的车轮碾压道路受力的场景。2. In the present invention, the lateral tensile force of the test piece of asphalt mixture is derived from the vertical pressure of the test piece (the direction and size are changed by the linkage), and the bidirectional load is loaded in equal proportions; It simulates the scene of the real wheel rolling over the road.

3、本发明中通过对沥青混合料试件进行切割,获得4个用于直接承受荷载的平面,从而达到了保证试件的圆心处首先开裂的效果。3. In the present invention, by cutting the asphalt mixture sample, four planes for directly bearing the load are obtained, thereby achieving the effect of ensuring that the center of the sample is cracked first.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明结构中联动件为连接杆时的正视图。FIG. 1 is a front view when the linkage member is a connecting rod in the structure of the present invention.

图2为本发明结构中联动件为连接杆时的俯视图。FIG. 2 is a top view when the linkage member is a connecting rod in the structure of the present invention.

图3为本发明结构中联动件为齿轮齿条时的正视图。Fig. 3 is a front view of the structure of the present invention when the linkage member is a rack and pinion.

图4为本发明结构中联动件为齿轮齿条时的俯视图。FIG. 4 is a top view when the linkage member is a rack and pinion in the structure of the present invention.

图5为联动件为齿轮齿条时上盖板的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the upper cover plate when the linkage is a rack and pinion.

图6为本发明结构中拉杆与螺套连接示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tie rod and the screw sleeve in the structure of the present invention.

图7为本发明结构中沥青混合料试制件切后的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the asphalt mixture trial piece in the structure of the present invention after cutting.

图中所述文字标注表示为:1、底板;2、第一支撑杆;3、限位块;4、拉杆;5、滑轨;6、第三齿轮;7、第二齿轮;8、第一齿轮;9、第二支撑杆;10、上盖板;11、第一齿条;12、沥青混合料试制件;13、连接块; 14、螺套;15、第二齿条;16、第一竖杆;17、连接杆;18、第二坚杆;101、凹槽;401、第一拉杆主体;402、第二拉杆主体;1001、切口。The text in the figure is marked as: 1. Bottom plate; 2. First support rod; 3. Limit block; 4. Pull rod; 5. Slide rail; 6. Third gear; 7. Second gear; 8. First a gear; 9, the second support rod; 10, the upper cover plate; 11, the first rack; 12, the asphalt mixture prototype; 13, the connecting block; 14, the screw sleeve; 15, the second rack; 16, 17, connecting rod; 18, second rigid rod; 101, groove; 401, first tie rod main body; 402, second tie rod main body; 1001, incision.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述,本部分的描述仅是示范性和解释性,不应对本发明的保护范围有任何的限制作用。In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not have any limiting effect on the protection scope of the present invention. .

如图1-图7所示,本发明的具体结构为:它包括底板1,底板1上设置有凹槽101,凹槽101内设置有沥青混合料试制件12,凹槽101的下端设置有升降装置;沥青混合料试制件12的上方设置有上盖板10,上盖板 10的下方两侧设置有用于对沥青混合料试制件12施压时,上盖板10的下移在联动件的作用下在拉杆4上从而产生对沥青混合料试制件12实现了双向荷载等比例加载的横向拉力;拉杆4的设置在滑轨5上,上盖板10上穿插有第二支撑杆9,上盖板10的上端中部设置有下压施力部。下压施力部为MTS加压机。As shown in FIG. 1-FIG. 7, the specific structure of the present invention is as follows: it includes a bottom plate 1, a groove 101 is provided on the bottom plate 1, an asphalt mixture trial piece 12 is provided in the groove 101, and the lower end of the groove 101 is provided with a Lifting device; an upper cover plate 10 is arranged above the asphalt mixture trial piece 12, and both sides below the upper cover plate 10 are provided for pressing the asphalt mixture trial piece 12. When the upper cover plate 10 moves down on the linkage Under the action of the tie rod 4, a lateral tension force that realizes the bidirectional load equal-proportion loading is generated on the tie rod 4; The upper cover plate 10 is provided with a downward pressure applying portion in the middle portion of the upper end. The downward pressure applying part is an MTS press.

工作原理:首先在外面将两侧拉杆4与沥青混合料试制件12固定后再装到本实验装置的底板1上的凹槽101;对上盖板10的中部施加压力时,上盖板10的下移在联动件的作用下在拉杆4上从而产生对沥青混合料试制件12横向拉;拉杆4在滑轨5上滑动,从而可以检测出沥青混合料试制件 12受压和受拉的压力比值。Working principle: First, fix the tie rods 4 on both sides and the asphalt mixture prototype 12 on the outside, and then install them into the groove 101 on the bottom plate 1 of the experimental device; when pressure is applied to the middle of the upper cover plate 10, the upper cover plate 10 Under the action of the linkage, the pull rod 4 pulls the asphalt mixture test piece 12 laterally; the pull rod 4 slides on the slide rail 5, so that the compression and tension of the asphalt mixture test piece 12 can be detected. pressure ratio.

如图3-图4所示,联动件包括第一齿条11,第一齿条11与第一齿轮8 啮合连接,第一齿轮8的侧端与第二齿轮7啮合连接,第二齿轮7的下端与第三齿轮6啮合连接,第三齿轮6的下端与第二齿条15啮合连接。第一齿条11的上端设置在上盖板10的下端两侧;第二齿轮7、第三齿轮6和第一齿轮8分别通过第一竖杆16第二竖杆18和连接轴设置在底板1上;第二齿条15设置在拉杆4的凹槽内。上盖板10的两端设置有防止与第一齿轮8干涉的切口1001。As shown in FIG. 3-FIG. 4, the linkage includes a first rack 11, the first rack 11 is meshed with the first gear 8, the side end of the first gear 8 is meshed with the second gear 7, and the second gear 7 The lower end of the gear 6 is engaged with the third gear 6 , and the lower end of the third gear 6 is engaged with the second rack 15 . The upper end of the first rack 11 is arranged on both sides of the lower end of the upper cover plate 10; the second gear 7, the third gear 6 and the first gear 8 are respectively arranged on the bottom plate through the first vertical rod 16, the second vertical rod 18 and the connecting shaft. 1; the second rack 15 is arranged in the groove of the pull rod 4. Both ends of the upper cover plate 10 are provided with notches 1001 for preventing interference with the first gear 8 .

如图1-图2所示,联动件设置为分别与上盖板10和拉杆4铰接连接的连接杆17。As shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the linkage members are provided as connecting rods 17 hingedly connected with the upper cover 10 and the pull rod 4 respectively.

下表1为竖向压力和横向拉力不同组合下,沥青混合料试件圆心处所受到的压拉应力比值(为便于表述,后文均指该比值的绝对值):Table 1 below shows the ratio of compressive and tensile stress at the center of the asphalt mixture specimen under different combinations of vertical pressure and transverse tensile force (for ease of expression, the following refers to the absolute value of this ratio):

表1Table 1

压力:拉力Pressure: Pull 1:11:1 1:0.751:0.75 1:0.51:0.5 1:0.251:0.25 1:0.1251: 0.125 圆心处压拉应力比Compression and tensile stress ratio at the center of the circle 1:11:1 1.2:11.2:1 1.52:11.52:1 2.33:12.33:1 2.73:1 2.73:1

当前述形状的沥青混合料试件(直径100mm,厚度35mm)仅竖向(Y方向)受压(大小为F)时,通过有限元计算,得到试件圆心处产生的压应力:拉应力=4.7;假定其横向(X方向)拉应力为σ,则其Y方向压应力为-4.7 σ。When the asphalt mixture specimen of the aforementioned shape (diameter 100mm, thickness 35mm) is only compressed vertically (Y direction) (size is F), the compressive stress at the center of the specimen is obtained through finite element calculation: tensile stress= 4.7; Assuming that its transverse (X-direction) tensile stress is σ, its Y-direction compressive stress is -4.7 σ.

当上述试件仅X方向受到拉力(大小为F)作用时,按照弹性力学简单分析,其横向(X方向)拉应力为4.7σ,则其Y方向压应力为-σ。When the above-mentioned specimen is only subjected to tensile force (the size is F) in the X direction, according to the simple analysis of elastic mechanics, its transverse (X direction) tensile stress is 4.7σ, and its Y direction compressive stress is -σ.

当试件同时受到竖向压力和横向拉力时,如果两向荷载大小相等,按照弹性力学的叠加原理,可以得到试件圆心处产生的压应力:拉应力=5.7 σ:5.7σ=1When the specimen is subjected to both vertical compression and lateral tension, if the magnitude of the load in the two directions is equal, according to the superposition principle of elastic mechanics, the compressive stress at the center of the specimen can be obtained: tensile stress=5.7σ: 5.7σ=1

同上理,当试件竖向受到的压力:横向受到的拉力的比值为k时,按照弹性力学的叠加原理,可以得到试件圆心处产生的压应力:拉应力= (4.7+k)σ:(1+4.7k)σ=(4.7+k)/(1+4.7k)In the same way, when the ratio of the vertical pressure on the specimen to the lateral tensile force is k, according to the superposition principle of elastic mechanics, the compressive stress at the center of the specimen can be obtained: tensile stress = (4.7+k)σ: (1+4.7k)σ=(4.7+k)/(1+4.7k)

本发明通过联动件来获得不同的k值,当使用齿轮作为联动件时,例如,第一齿轮8的半径:第二齿轮7的半径:第三齿轮6的半径为1:1:1时, k值为1;当使用连杆作为联动件时,例如,连接杆17的角度为30°时,k 值为0.5。The present invention obtains different k values through the linkage. When a gear is used as the linkage, for example, when the radius of the first gear 8: the radius of the second gear 7: the radius of the third gear 6 is 1:1:1, The value of k is 1; when the connecting rod is used as the linkage, for example, when the angle of the connecting rod 17 is 30°, the value of k is 0.5.

如图1和图3所示,拉杆4的一端通过连接块13与沥青混合料试制件 12连接,拉杆4的另一端设置有限位块3。沥青混合料试制件12与连接块 13为粘贴连接。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, one end of the tie rod 4 is connected to the asphalt mixture trial product 12 through a connecting block 13, and the other end of the tie rod 4 is provided with a limiting block 3. The asphalt mixture test piece 12 and the connecting block 13 are bonded and connected.

如图5所示,拉杆4由第一拉杆主体401和第二拉杆主体402组成,第一拉杆主体401和第二拉杆主体402的一端分别设置螺套14内。具体使用时,首先在外面将两侧拉杆4与沥青混合料试制件12固定后再装到本实验装置上,所以为了将其与两侧拉杆连接,设计了一个螺套14进行连接。As shown in FIG. 5 , the pull rod 4 is composed of a first pull rod body 401 and a second pull rod body 402 . One ends of the first pull rod body 401 and the second pull rod body 402 are respectively disposed in the screw sleeve 14 . In specific use, firstly, the two side tie rods 4 and the asphalt mixture prototype 12 are fixed on the outside and then mounted on the experimental device. Therefore, in order to connect it with the two side tie rods, a screw sleeve 14 is designed for connection.

如图1和图3所示,滑轨5的下端设置有第一支撑杆2,第一支撑杆2 的下端设置在底板1上。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the lower end of the slide rail 5 is provided with a first support rod 2 , and the lower end of the first support rod 2 is provided on the bottom plate 1 .

其中凹槽101的下端设置有升降装置,这样的结构设计是由于试件制作无法保证精确到1mm,所以在底部设置了升降装置进行微调,以保证试件在整个装置中心,保证两侧拉力作用在试件中心处。The lower end of the groove 101 is provided with a lifting device. This structural design is due to the fact that the production of the test piece cannot be guaranteed to be accurate to 1mm, so a lifting device is set at the bottom for fine-tuning to ensure that the test piece is in the center of the entire device and the tension on both sides is guaranteed. in the center of the specimen.

其中沥青混合料试制件12不是圆柱形,具体见图7,切时夹角α为60 度,是一个四边各切一刀的圆柱,厚35mm。Among them, the asphalt mixture trial piece 12 is not cylindrical, as shown in Figure 7, the included angle α is 60 degrees when cutting, and it is a cylinder with four sides cut with a knife, and the thickness is 35mm.

实施例1:Example 1:

(1)试验对象:改性沥青AC-13混合料,其直径100mm、厚度35mm,并将其切割成如图7的形状。(1) Test object: Modified asphalt AC-13 mixture with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 35 mm, and cut it into the shape shown in Figure 7.

(2)加载设备:液压伺服材料试验系统MTS(2) Loading equipment: hydraulic servo material testing system MTS

(3)试验条件:温度15℃,竖向加载速率4kN/s,采用连杆联动件传动方式,连杆与水平面的夹角为30℃。(3) Test conditions: the temperature is 15 °C, the vertical loading rate is 4 kN/s, the connecting rod linkage is used for transmission, and the angle between the connecting rod and the horizontal plane is 30 °C.

(4)试验现象:试件端面圆心处所粘贴应变片首先失效,此时加载夹具边缘都没有出现应力集中破坏。(4) Test phenomenon: The strain gauge pasted at the center of the end face of the specimen fails first, and there is no stress concentration failure on the edge of the loading fixture at this time.

(5)破坏荷载:13.47kN。(5) Failure load: 13.47kN.

实施例2:Example 2:

(1)试验对象:改性沥青AC-13混合料,其直径100mm、厚度35mm,并将其切割成如图7的形状。(1) Test object: Modified asphalt AC-13 mixture with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 35 mm, and cut it into the shape shown in Figure 7.

(2)加载设备:液压伺服材料试验系统MTS(2) Loading equipment: hydraulic servo material testing system MTS

(3)试验条件:温度15℃,竖向加载速率2kN/s,采用连杆联动件传动方式,连杆与水平面的夹角为30℃。(3) Test conditions: the temperature is 15 °C, the vertical loading rate is 2 kN/s, the connecting rod linkage is used for transmission, and the angle between the connecting rod and the horizontal plane is 30 °C.

(4)试验现象:试件端面圆心处所粘贴应变片首先失效,此时加载夹具边缘都没有出现应力集中破坏。(4) Test phenomenon: The strain gauge pasted at the center of the end face of the specimen fails first, and there is no stress concentration failure on the edge of the loading fixture at this time.

(5)破坏荷载:12.65kN。(5) Failure load: 12.65kN.

实施例3:Example 3:

(1)试验对象:改性沥青AC-13混合料,其直径100mm、厚度35mm,并将其切割成如图7的形状。(1) Test object: Modified asphalt AC-13 mixture with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 35 mm, and cut it into the shape shown in Figure 7.

(2)加载设备:液压伺服材料试验系统MTS(2) Loading equipment: hydraulic servo material testing system MTS

(3)试验条件:温度15℃,竖向加载速率1kN/s,采用连杆联动件传动方式,连杆与水平面的夹角为45℃。(3) Test conditions: the temperature is 15°C, the vertical loading rate is 1kN/s, the connecting rod linkage is used for transmission, and the angle between the connecting rod and the horizontal plane is 45°C.

(4)试验现象:试件端面圆心处所粘贴应变片首先失效,此时加载夹具边缘都没有出现应力集中破坏。(4) Test phenomenon: The strain gauge pasted at the center of the end face of the specimen fails first, and there is no stress concentration failure on the edge of the loading fixture at this time.

(5)破坏荷载:9.83kN。(5) Failure load: 9.83kN.

需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that, herein, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.

本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,由于文字表达的有限性,而客观上存在无限的具体结构,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进、润饰或变化,也可以将上述技术特征以适当的方式进行组合;这些改进润饰、变化或组合,或未经改进将发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均应视为本发明的保护范围。Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above examples are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limited expression of words, there are objectively unlimited specific structures. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention However, some improvements, modifications or changes can also be made, and the above-mentioned technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, or combinations, or the concept and technical solutions of the invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement. should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,它包括底板(1),底板(1)上设置有凹槽(101),凹槽(101)内设置有沥青混合料试制件(12),凹槽(101)的下端设置有升降装置;沥青混合料试制件(12)的上方设置有上盖板(10),上盖板(10)的下方两侧设置有用于对沥青混合料试制件(12)竖向施压时,上盖板(10)的下移在联动件的作用下在拉杆(4)上从而产生对沥青混合料试制件(12)实现双向荷载等比例加载的横向拉力;拉杆(4)的设置在滑轨(5)上,上盖板(10)上穿插有第二支撑杆(9),上盖板(10)的上端中部设置有下压施力部。1. A two-way tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength experimental device for asphalt mixture, characterized in that it comprises a bottom plate (1), the bottom plate (1) is provided with a groove (101), and the groove (101) is provided with asphalt The mixture trial piece (12) is provided with a lifting device at the lower end of the groove (101); an upper cover plate (10) is arranged above the asphalt mixture trial piece (12), and the lower sides of the upper cover plate (10) are arranged on both sides When the asphalt mixture trial product (12) is subjected to vertical pressure, the downward movement of the upper cover plate (10) is on the tie rod (4) under the action of the linkage, so as to realize the realization of the asphalt mixture trial product (12). Two-way load equal-proportional lateral tension; the tie rod (4) is arranged on the slide rail (5), the upper cover plate (10) is interspersed with a second support rod (9), and the upper cover plate (10) is arranged in the middle of the upper end There is a pressing force section. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,联动件设置为分别与上盖板(10)和拉杆(4)铰接连接的连接杆(17)。2. A kind of asphalt mixture bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the linkage is arranged as a connecting rod hingedly connected with the upper cover plate (10) and the pull rod (4) respectively (17). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,联动件包括第一齿条(11),第一齿条(11)与第一齿轮(8)啮合连接,第一齿轮(8)的侧端与第二齿轮(7)啮合连接,第二齿轮(7)的下端与第三齿轮(6)啮合连接,第三齿轮(6)的下端与第二齿条(15)啮合连接。3 . The bidirectional tensile-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device for asphalt mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the linkage comprises a first rack (11), a first rack (11) and a first gear. 4 . (8) Mesh connection, the side end of the first gear (8) is meshed with the second gear (7), the lower end of the second gear (7) is meshed with the third gear (6), the third gear (6) The lower end is engaged with the second rack (15). 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,第一齿条(11)的上端设置在上盖板(10)的下端两侧;第二齿轮(7)、第三齿轮(6)和第一齿轮(8)分别通过第一竖杆(16)、第二竖杆(18)和连接轴设置在底板(1)上;第二齿条(15)设置在拉杆(4)的凹槽内。4. A kind of asphalt mixture bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device according to claim 3, wherein the upper end of the first rack (11) is arranged on both sides of the lower end of the upper cover plate (10); The second gear (7), the third gear (6) and the first gear (8) are respectively arranged on the bottom plate (1) through the first vertical rod (16), the second vertical rod (18) and the connecting shaft; The rack (15) is arranged in the groove of the tie rod (4). 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,上盖板(10)的两端设置有防止与第一齿轮(8)干涉的切口(1001)。5. A kind of double-way tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device for asphalt mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, both ends of the upper cover plate (10) are provided with notches to prevent interference with the first gear (8) (1001). 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,拉杆(4)的一端通过连接块(13)与沥青混合料试制件(12)连接,拉杆(4)的另一端设置有限位块(3)。6. A kind of asphalt mixture bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, one end of the tie rod (4) is connected with the asphalt mixture trial piece (12) through a connecting block (13) , the other end of the pull rod (4) is provided with a limiting block (3). 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,沥青混合料试制件(12)为圆柱,需要对其四边各切一刀,沥青混合料试制件(12)的两侧与连接块(13)为粘贴连接。7. A kind of asphalt mixture bidirectional tensile and compressive equal-proportional loading strength experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the asphalt mixture trial piece (12) is a cylinder, and it is necessary to cut a knife on each of its four sides, and the asphalt mixture The two sides of the trial product (12) are connected with the connecting block (13) by adhesive bonding. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,拉杆(4)由第一拉杆主体(401)和第二拉杆主体(402)组成,第一拉杆主体(401)和第二拉杆主体(402)的一端分别设置螺套(14)内。8 . The bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device for asphalt mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the tie rod (4) is composed of a first tie rod main body (401) and a second tie rod main body (402), 9 . One ends of the first pull rod body (401) and the second pull rod body (402) are respectively disposed in the screw sleeve (14). 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种沥青混合料双向拉压等比例加载强度实验装置,其特征在于,滑轨(5)的下端设置有第一支撑杆(2),第一支撑杆(2)的下端设置在底板(1)上。9. A kind of asphalt mixture bidirectional tension-compression equal-proportional loading strength test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lower end of the slide rail (5) is provided with a first support rod (2), and the first support rod ( The lower end of 2) is arranged on the bottom plate (1).
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116577221A (en) * 2023-04-10 2023-08-11 湖南建工交通建设有限公司 A Splitting Fatigue Test Method for Asphalt Mixtures That Guarantees Cracking at the Center of the Circle First

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116577221A (en) * 2023-04-10 2023-08-11 湖南建工交通建设有限公司 A Splitting Fatigue Test Method for Asphalt Mixtures That Guarantees Cracking at the Center of the Circle First
CN116577221B (en) * 2023-04-10 2024-08-16 湖南建工交通建设有限公司 A splitting fatigue test method for asphalt mixtures to ensure that the center of the circle cracks first

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Application publication date: 20221018