CN115200370B - Multi-feature-point sectional control method in sintering process - Google Patents
Multi-feature-point sectional control method in sintering process Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B21/00—Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0096—Arrangements of controlling devices involving simulation means, e.g. of the treating or charging step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/04—Sintering
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-characteristic-point sectional control method in a sintering process, relates to the technical field of sintering process control, and aims to solve the problem that a method for independently controlling each bellows in the sintering process needs to be improved in order to efficiently recycle sintering waste heat resources; setting the position and temperature of a target bellows of a sintering characteristic point BTP, BRP, TRP according to the production requirement of a sintering process, establishing a temperature sequence fitting curve of each section, acquiring the actual bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point by combining a BTP soft measurement model, correcting the target of the previous section by the error of the previous section after sintering, and adjusting the opening degree of a bellows air door according to the error of each section and the pressure of each bellows of the corresponding section; the invention improves the utilization rate of waste gas waste heat while guaranteeing production, and realizes the cooperative control of multiple characteristic points.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sintering process control, in particular to a multi-feature-point sectional control method for a sintering process.
Background
Iron ore sintering is an important link in modern ferrous metallurgy processes, and the most main production link is to ignite and burn uniformly mixed small granular raw materials on a trolley-type sintering machine so as to fuse the small granular raw materials into block-shaped sintered ores. In order to ensure the strength and chemical composition of the agglomerate, the raw materials are required to be fully combusted on the sintering machine. The small granular raw materials which are uniformly mixed and stirred are dropped onto a sintering machine trolley from a small ore bin of a machine head through a distributing device and then are uniformly distributed in the form of a strip-shaped thick material layer. In order to ensure the full combustion of the raw materials, the sintering machine is provided with an air box below the raw material layer and is connected with a sintering main exhaust fan, fresh air is brought into the burnt raw material layer through negative pressure generated by the main exhaust fan, and the full contact of the fresh air and the raw materials is one of key factors for the efficient production of the sintering machine. When the material layer is thin, air is easy to contact with raw materials, so combustion is sufficient, but at the moment, the materials on the sintering trolley are less, and the yield of the sintering machine is affected. And increase the material thickness on the sintering trolley, can increase sintering machine output, promote the benefit, but thicker material will influence the contact of air and raw materials, causes the insufficient product quality problem such as burning. In order to find an equilibrium point in adequate combustion and increased production, precise control of the sintering process is necessary.
In recent years, another concern of sintering production is the efficient recycling of waste heat resources in the flue gas of sintering machines. In order to improve the efficiency of the waste heat utilization of the sintering waste gas, the temperature fluctuation of the combustion process is further stabilized on the premise of guaranteeing the sintering production so as to obtain a stably supplied waste heat source, so that higher requirements are provided for the control of the sintering process, and the temperature curve of the sintering bellows is further stabilized on the basis of stabilizing the sintering end position. Therefore, it is necessary that the sintering process adopts multi-point multi-target joint control.
There are two important quantifiable observables of the sintering process, one is the temperature of the bellows exhaust gas which characterizes the combustion state, and the other is the bellows suction negative pressure which characterizes the air circulation. By detecting these two indexes, the state of the sintering process can be obtained. The good sintering process is that the materials on the trolley complete the combustion process when approaching the sintering tail to form sinter, the process reacts on the change trend of the temperature of the bellows, namely, the exhaust gas temperature reaches the highest point at the position of about the 2 nd to 3 th bellows, the end of the combustion process is indicated, then a certain cooling time is reserved, the materials in a molten state are coagulated into blocks to form a sinter finished product, and the final bellows exhaust gas temperature is not increased but is slightly reduced. In production, the highest sintering temperature point is generally referred to as the sintering end point (BTP), where the position and temperature of the sintering end point are the most important process indicators for sintering. Other key indicators are the sintering Temperature Rise Point (TRP) that characterizes the total ignition of the feedstock on the trolley and the sintering temperature inflection point (BRP) that characterizes the full combustion of the feedstock on the trolley. The sintering end point (BTP) and other key indexes can be observed and measured flexibly through the waste temperature of the bellows, the sintering process is a continuous temperature change process, the front bellows and the rear bellows are in a front-rear sequence on the physical distance, and the materials are in a sequence on the time axis; in the existing iron ore sintering process control system, a predictive feedforward control structure or a feedback control structure with large hysteresis is generally adopted, the method places the attention point on the position control of a sintering end point (BTP), the raw materials of the sintering machine need to pass through a combustion process from a feed inlet to a tail outlet for more than about 30 minutes, the actual combustion time of the materials of each section of the sintering machine is different, the attention on the intermediate state of sintering production is insufficient, and the cooperative control and optimization of each stage of the sintering mineral material change process are not carried out; the invention discloses a method for monitoring and adjusting waste heat of a sintering machine, which is disclosed in patent application with publication number CN113587650A, wherein the method is used for monitoring the ambient temperature, the temperature below a grate bar, the flue temperature, the atmosphere composition and the flue gas flow during sintering near a sintering trolley, at the junction of the grate bar and a wind box of the trolley and at the position of a sintering large flue in real time, and sequentially calculating the waste heat retention rate, and judging whether a single wind box needs to be repaired or replaced according to the value lower than a certain threshold value, however, the sintering process is actually a continuous temperature change process, the front wind box and the rear wind box have a front-rear sequence in physical distance and a sequence in time axis, and each wind box cannot be simply and independently controlled, and the sintering process has the characteristics of large hysteresis and strong coupling because of long period. Therefore, a multi-feature segment control method for sintering process is needed to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The existing control system for the iron ore sintering process mainly has the following problems:
1. With the improvement of low-carbon production indexes, how to improve the waste heat recovery rate of sintering waste gas becomes a concern. The classical sintering process control system generally sets the control target as the sintering end position, but does not control the intermediate state of the sintering process, which causes certain temperature fluctuation in the intermediate state of the sintering process, further influences the stability of the waste gas temperature, brings adverse effects to waste heat recovery, and simultaneously, the whole sintering combustion process has great influence on sintering production and sintering ore quality, so that the overall optimization is necessary.
2. The chemical composition, the water content and the granularity of the sintering mixed raw materials may have certain fluctuation, so that the combustion process characteristics of the front and rear sections on the sintering machine are different, the traditional sintering end point control is only optimized for the material characteristics of the tail section of the sintering machine, but the global control performance optimization cannot be performed for the problems of fluctuation of raw material parameters and the like, and the fluctuation of a temperature curve of the combustion process is further aggravated, so that the adverse effect is brought to the recovery of waste heat of sintering waste gas.
3. In the sintering process of iron ore, the process from mixing materials to finally forming a finished product of the sintering ore is a physical and chemical change process with a certain time span, various semi-finished products of sintering at different stages are distributed on a sintering machine trolley from beginning to end, the combustion state of each section of material has non-negligible influence on the materials on the front trolley and the rear trolley, and how to solve the adverse influence on process control caused by the phenomena of large hysteresis and strong coupling in the sintering process is also an important problem to be solved.
The invention aims to provide a multi-characteristic-point sectional control method for a sintering process, which aims to solve the problem that a method for independently controlling each bellows in the sintering process needs to be improved in order to efficiently recycle sintering waste heat resources.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-feature point sectional control method for a sintering process comprises the following steps:
Step one: setting the position and temperature of a target bellows of a sintering characteristic point BTP, BRP, TRP according to the production requirement of a sintering process;
Step two: establishing a temperature sequence fitting curve of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine according to the position and the temperature of each air box of the BTP section, acquiring the air box position and the temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP according to the temperature sequence fitting curve of the air box of the BTP section and a BTP soft measurement model, and correcting the target air box position and the temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP according to the error of the air box position and the temperature of the actual sintering characteristic point BTP;
step three: establishing a BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve according to the positions and temperatures of bellows of the BRP section of the sintering machine, acquiring bellows positions and temperatures corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points BRP according to the BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and a BRP soft measurement model, and correcting target bellows positions and temperatures of sintering characteristic points TRP according to errors of the bellows positions and temperatures and corrected target bellows positions and temperatures of BRP;
step four: establishing a TRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve according to the positions and temperatures of bellows of a TRP section of the sintering machine, acquiring bellows positions and temperatures corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points TRP according to the TRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and a TRP soft measurement model, and adjusting the throttle opening degree of each bellows of the TRP section of the sintering machine through a throttle actuator of each bellows of the TRP section of the sintering machine according to errors of the bellows positions and temperatures of the bellows positions and the temperatures of the bellows and the corrected target bellows positions and temperatures of the TRP and the pressure of each bellows of the TRP section;
Step five: according to the errors of the positions and the temperatures of the bellows corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic points BRP, the corrected positions and the corrected temperatures of the target bellows of the BRP and the pressures of the bellows of the BRP sections, the opening degree of the air door of each bellows of the BRP sections of the sintering machine is regulated through the air door actuator of each bellows of the BRP sections of the sintering machine;
Step six: and adjusting the throttle opening degree of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine through the throttle actuator of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine according to the errors of the position and the temperature of the air box corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP and the corrected target position and the temperature of the air box of the BTP and the pressure of each air box of the BTP section.
Preferably, at least two thermocouples and two pressure sensors are arranged in each bellows, each thermocouple is connected with a temperature signal transmitter in a signal mode, and each pressure sensor is connected with a pressure signal transmitter in a signal mode;
The temperature signal transmitters of the BTP section, the BRP section and the TRP section are respectively connected with temperature measuring sequence fitters in one-to-one correspondence with the sections in a signal mode, the temperature measuring sequence fitters acquire position information and temperature information of each temperature signal transmitter of the corresponding section, the temperature measuring sequence fitters of the sections calculate average values through the temperature information acquired by all the temperature signal transmitters of each bellows in the corresponding section to serve as actual measurement temperatures of the corresponding bellows, bellows temperature sequence fitting curves of the corresponding section are acquired through the actual measurement temperatures and the position information of each bellows in the corresponding section, and the positions and temperatures of the bellows corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points BTP, BRP and TRP are acquired according to the bellows temperature sequence fitting curves of the sections and the BTP, BRP and TRP soft measurement models;
Inputting or transmitting the information of the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BTP and the BRP and the information of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP to a BTP controller, calculating the BTP errors of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP and the target bellows position and temperature of the BTP by the BTP controller, and correcting the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP according to the BTP errors and the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP;
The method comprises the steps of inputting or transmitting wind box position and temperature information corresponding to an actual sintering characteristic point BRP, target wind box position and temperature information of a sintering characteristic point TRP and target wind box position and temperature information of a corrected sintering characteristic point BRP to a BRP controller, calculating BRP errors of the wind box position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BRP and the target wind box position and temperature of the corrected BRP by the BRP controller, and correcting the target wind box position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point TRP according to the BRP errors;
inputting or signaling the bellows position and temperature information corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point TRP and the corrected target bellows position and temperature information of the sintering characteristic point TRP to a TRP controller, and calculating TRP errors of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point TRP and the corrected target bellows position and temperature of the TRP by the TRP controller;
The pressure signal transmitters of the BTP section, the BRP section and the TRP section are respectively connected to air door controllers corresponding to the sections in a one-to-one mode in a signal mode, and the air door controllers guide air door actuators of the air boxes in the corresponding sections to respectively adjust the opening degree of the air doors according to the position information and the pressure information of each pressure signal transmitter of the corresponding section and the errors calculated by the corresponding section controllers.
Preferably, the method further comprises a step seven, and the steps two to six are repeated.
Preferably, the sintering process production requirements include total length of sintering machine, total number of windboxes, highest temperature of sintering raw material combustion, yield per unit time and design standard yield, waste heat recovery temperature and design standard temperature, and drum strength and standard drum strength of sintering ore inspection test.
Preferably, the sintering machine is provided with 18 bellows, TRP sections corresponding to bellows nos. 1-11, BRP sections corresponding to bellows nos. 12-15, and BTP sections corresponding to bellows nos. 16-18.
Preferably, the temperature measurement sequence fitter, the BTP controller, the BRP controller, the TRP controller and the damper controllers of each segment comprise a processor and a memory which are in signal connection, the memory is used for storing a calculation program, and the processor is used for executing the calculation program in the memory which is in signal connection with the processor and realizing the method in claim 1.
Preferably, the processor includes, but is not limited to, a CPU, a single chip microcomputer, MCU, FPGA, DSP, and the memory includes, but is not limited to, a computer readable storage medium, a high speed random access memory, a nonvolatile memory.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the multi-characteristic-point sectional control method for the sintering process combines the requirements of waste heat recycling and sintering production, improves the waste gas waste heat utilization efficiency while ensuring production, realizes cooperative control of the multi-characteristic points, and provides effective technical support for low-carbon production in the sintering process of iron and steel enterprises.
2. According to the multi-characteristic-point sectional control method for the sintering process, the sintering process is divided into a plurality of front and rear control sections according to a plurality of characteristic points, and a tandem control structure which is related front and rear is adopted for each control section, so that the effect that sub-control objects with strong correlation in time sequence and space in the sintering process are subjected to sectional control according to working procedures is realized.
3. According to the multi-characteristic-point sectional control method for the sintering process, the smoke temperature change in the sintering combustion process is focused, the combustion curve is optimized by adopting multi-characteristic-point control, the temperature fluctuation in the sintering process is reduced, the sintering smoke temperature is stabilized, and the waste heat utilization rate of sintering waste gas is improved.
4. According to the multi-characteristic-point sectional control method for the sintering process, the temperature and the pressure of the sintering bellows are important parameters for representing the intermediate state of the sintering process, the position control of a sintering end point is replaced by the optimal control and the pressure balance control of a bellows temperature curve through multi-bellows sectional control, so that the optimal control of the whole process of the iron ore sintering process is realized, the stability of a control system is enhanced, and the vertical combustion uniformity and the rotary drum strength of the sintering process are improved.
5. According to the multi-characteristic-point sectional control method in the sintering process, the feedback value of the system is constructed through the characteristic-point soft measurement model in the combustion process, so that the organic combination of the sintering process theory and the control system is realized, and the control of a plurality of key process parameters which cannot be directly measured is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein only two bellows are shown for each section;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the temperature distribution curve and the characteristic point distribution of sintering in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A multi-feature point sectional control method for a sintering process comprises the following steps:
Step one: setting the position and temperature of a target bellows of a sintering characteristic point BTP, BRP, TRP according to the production requirement of a sintering process;
Step two: establishing a temperature sequence fitting curve of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine according to the position and the temperature of each air box of the BTP section, acquiring the air box position and the temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP according to the temperature sequence fitting curve of the air box of the BTP section and a BTP soft measurement model, and correcting the target air box position and the temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP according to the error of the air box position and the temperature of the actual sintering characteristic point BTP;
step three: establishing a BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve according to the positions and temperatures of bellows of the BRP section of the sintering machine, acquiring bellows positions and temperatures corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points BRP according to the BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and a BRP soft measurement model, and correcting target bellows positions and temperatures of sintering characteristic points TRP according to errors of the bellows positions and temperatures and corrected target bellows positions and temperatures of BRP;
step four: establishing a TRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve according to the positions and temperatures of bellows of a TRP section of the sintering machine, acquiring bellows positions and temperatures corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points TRP according to the TRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and a TRP soft measurement model, and adjusting the throttle opening degree of each bellows of the TRP section of the sintering machine through a throttle actuator of each bellows of the TRP section of the sintering machine according to errors of the bellows positions and temperatures of the bellows positions and the temperatures of the bellows and the corrected target bellows positions and temperatures of the TRP and the pressure of each bellows of the TRP section;
Step five: according to the errors of the positions and the temperatures of the bellows corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic points BRP, the corrected positions and the corrected temperatures of the target bellows of the BRP and the pressures of the bellows of the BRP sections, the opening degree of the air door of each bellows of the BRP sections of the sintering machine is regulated through the air door actuator of each bellows of the BRP sections of the sintering machine;
Step six: according to the errors of the position and the temperature of the bellows corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP, the corrected target position and the corrected temperature of the bellows of the BTP, and the pressure of each bellows of the BTP section, the throttle opening degree of each bellows of the BTP section of the sintering machine is regulated through the throttle actuator of each bellows of the BTP section of the sintering machine;
the second to sixth steps can be repeated, and the temperature stability of the sintering process can be continuously maintained.
In addition, the above-mentioned BTP, BRP, TRP soft measurement model may be an existing model, for example, the soft measurement model disclosed in the application patent with publication number CN105039685a and named as a soft measurement method of the state of iron ore sintering process, or may be self-established according to the actual production situation and experience, according to the existing method, the specific establishment method is all known in the art, and the present application focuses on how to establish the soft measurement model, and the soft measurement model itself is not in the protection scope of the present application, and any soft measurement model may be used in the method of the present application, so that the description is omitted.
In a preferred embodiment:
At least two thermocouples and two pressure sensors are arranged in each bellows, each thermocouple is connected with a temperature signal transmitter in a signal mode, and each pressure sensor is connected with a pressure signal transmitter in a signal mode;
The temperature signal transmitters of the BTP section, the BRP section and the TRP section are respectively connected with temperature measuring sequence fitters in one-to-one correspondence with the sections in a signal mode, the temperature measuring sequence fitters acquire position information and temperature information of each temperature signal transmitter of the corresponding section, the temperature measuring sequence fitters of the sections calculate average values through the temperature information acquired by all the temperature signal transmitters of each bellows in the corresponding section to serve as actual measurement temperatures of the corresponding bellows, bellows temperature sequence fitting curves of the corresponding section are acquired through the actual measurement temperatures and the position information of each bellows in the corresponding section, and the positions and temperatures of the bellows corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points BTP, BRP and TRP are acquired according to the bellows temperature sequence fitting curves of the sections and the BTP, BRP and TRP soft measurement models;
Inputting or transmitting the information of the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BTP and the BRP and the information of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP to a BTP controller, calculating the BTP errors of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP and the target bellows position and temperature of the BTP by the BTP controller, and correcting the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP according to the BTP errors and the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP;
The method comprises the steps of inputting or transmitting wind box position and temperature information corresponding to an actual sintering characteristic point BRP, target wind box position and temperature information of a sintering characteristic point TRP and target wind box position and temperature information of a corrected sintering characteristic point BRP to a BRP controller, calculating BRP errors of the wind box position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BRP and the target wind box position and temperature of the corrected BRP by the BRP controller, and correcting the target wind box position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point TRP according to the BRP errors;
inputting or signaling the bellows position and temperature information corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point TRP and the corrected target bellows position and temperature information of the sintering characteristic point TRP to a TRP controller, and calculating TRP errors of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point TRP and the corrected target bellows position and temperature of the TRP by the TRP controller;
The pressure signal transmitters of the BTP section, the BRP section and the TRP section are respectively connected to air door controllers corresponding to the sections in a one-to-one mode in a signal mode, and the air door controllers guide air door actuators of the air boxes in the corresponding sections to respectively adjust the opening degree of the air doors according to the position information and the pressure information of each pressure signal transmitter of the corresponding section and the errors calculated by the corresponding section controllers.
Examples:
As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment is exemplified by an iron ore sintering machine comprising 18 windboxes, and only two windboxes of each region of the 1# to 3# sintering section are cut out for illustration due to the limitation of the drawing, and the other windboxes are omitted. The sintering granular raw materials enter a sintering machine from a head wheel, are converted into blocky sintering ores through a sintering process, and are discharged from the tail part. TE 01-18 a/b are thermocouples installed on the No. 1-18 bellows of the sintering machine for detecting the flue gas temperature of the bellows. TI 01-18 a/b are temperature signal transmitters corresponding to thermocouples TE 01-18 a/b respectively, and are used for converting temperature signals detected by the thermocouples into communication signals and transmitting the communication signals to a temperature measuring sequence fitting device. PE 01-18 a/b are pressure gauges mounted on the 1-18 # bellows of the sintering machine for flue gas temperature detection of the bellows. PT 01-18 a/b are pressure signal transmitters, respectively correspond to pressure gauges PE 01-18 a/b, and are used for converting negative pressure signals detected by the pressure gauges into communication signals and transmitting the communication signals to the air door controller. In this embodiment, two thermocouples and two pressure gauges are installed on each bellows, and the two temperature and negative pressure signals of the same bellows are generally averaged in a temperature measuring sequencer and a damper controller, and other numbers of temperature and pressure sensors are also included in the protection scope of the present invention. According to the technological research of the sintering process and the characteristics of the combustion process, three characteristic points, namely a sintering Temperature Rising Point (TRP), a sintering temperature inflection point (BRP) and a sintering end point (BTP), are selected as control target points, and the sintering machine is divided into three combustion sections according to the empirical positions of the characteristic points in the running direction of the trolley, so that combustion temperature control, characteristic point position and exhaust negative pressure control are respectively carried out. In this example, 1 to 11# windboxes were used as the 1# sintering section to correspond to TRP characteristic points, 12 to 15# windboxes were used as the 2# sintering section to correspond to BRP characteristic points, and 16 to 18# windboxes were used as the 3# sintering section to correspond to BTP characteristic points. In this embodiment, the throttle actuators of a plurality of sintering bellows in the region corresponding to the characteristic points of the sintering machine are used as the executing mechanism of the control unit, and the throttle controller of the control unit sends instructions to the executing mechanism to adjust the sintering combustion process in the region. In the system, a cascade control structure is designed from the back to the front in a reverse order for adjustment according to the combustion time sequence and the spatial distribution of the sintering machine, so that the multi-characteristic point sectional control of the sintering process is implemented;
The sintering characteristic point distribution diagram of this example is shown in fig. 2. According to the embodiment, the temperature of the No. 1-18 bellows is acquired in real time through a temperature sensor on the bellows of the sintering machine, and the temperature signals are sent to a TRP/BRP/BTP section temperature measuring sequence fitting device, wherein a temperature measuring sequence fitting model can be stored, a computer with curve fitting function software can be installed, such as matlab, python, the curve fitting can be automatically completed through manual operation software or a better set program, and the temperature distribution curve of the sintering machine can be obtained through splicing after the temperature measuring sequence fitting device sections are fitted; and then acquiring current sintering characteristic point information according to a TRP/BRP/BTP soft measurement model, wherein the characteristic point information comprises sintering longitudinal distribution position and temperature data of the TRP/BRP/BTP. The temperature measurement sequence fitting device and the TRP/BRP/BTP soft measurement model are processed to obtain the figure 2, wherein the abscissa in the figure is position information, the ordinate is temperature information, and the circle marks the distribution of TRP/BRP/BTP on a temperature fitting curve;
The control principle of the invention is shown in figure 3. According to the spatial and temporal distribution sequence of TRP/BRP/BTP in the sintering process shown in FIG. 2, a BTP controller with earliest control time and spatial distribution close to the tail of the sintering machine is used as the outermost ring of the cascade control system, a BRP controller with time and space in the middle is used as the secondary outer ring, and TRP close to one side of the head of the sintering machine is used as the inner ring, so that a complete cascade closed-loop control system for the sintering process is formed. In this embodiment, the total control object of the control system is a sintering machine, but according to the process characteristics of the sintering machine, the control system is sequentially divided into 3 combustion sections, which correspond to the positions of the TRP/BRP/BTP characteristic points respectively. A single combustion section bellows damper actuator is used as an actuator of the control unit. The feedback signal of the control system is obtained by two channels. The first feedback signal is obtained by analyzing and processing a temperature measurement sequence of the temperature of the bellows to which each control unit belongs, a soft measurement model of the characteristic points TRP/BRP/BTP, and real-time obtaining TRP/BRP/BTP information and feeding back the TRP/BRP/BTP information to a TRP/BRP/BTP controller respectively through a bellows sensor temperature measurement sequence fitting device. The second feedback signal is obtained by a pressure sensor of the bellows;
The control principle of the invention is shown in figure 3. The feedback signal of the control system is obtained by analyzing and processing temperature measuring sequences of all bellows temperatures and a soft measurement model of the characteristic points TRP/BRP/BTP, and TRP/BRP/BTP information is obtained in real time by a bellows sensor temperature measuring sequence fitting device and is fed back to a TRP/BRP/BTP controller respectively. Given the time and space interrelation between TRP/BRP/BTP, given the BTP target windbox position and temperature directly related to sinter yield quality, the initial target windbox position and temperature of BRP and TRP are also substantially within a defined range at a certain time of sintering process parameters, sintering production requirements, for example, set the highest temperature of sintering raw material combustion as T up, one possible calculation method is: the initial target temperature of BRP and TRP is zeta T up, wherein the coefficient zeta is determined according to the current working condition, and generally zeta of BRP can be 0.45-0.55, zeta of TRP can be 0.15-0.25.
The control method flow of this embodiment may be described in steps as follows:
The first step: and calculating a target value A 1 of the sintering end point BTP according to the production requirement of the sintering process.
Target value a 1＝[ate1,alo1]T. Wherein a te1 is the temperature component of the BTP target value, and is determined by the combination of the waste heat recovery flue gas temperature requirement and the sinter quality requirement. Wherein a lo1 is the position component of the BTP target value, and is determined by the utilization requirement of the sintering machine trolley.
In this example, the total length of the sintering machine is L (fixed value, sintering machine equipment parameter), the highest temperature T up of sintering raw material combustion (this data is obtained by experiment, experimental test data of this embodiment is about 460 ℃), the ratio of the unit time yield to the design standard yield (sintering plant design parameter) is j 1 (considering the loss of the following process, the actual unit time yield may be slightly larger than the design standard yield, so this ratio generally takes a factor slightly larger than 1, this embodiment may take 1.05), the ratio of the waste heat recovery temperature to the design standard temperature (sintering plant design parameter) is j 2 (considering the waste heat loss such as the air leakage rate, this waste heat recovery temperature may be actually slightly larger than the design standard temperature, so this ratio generally takes a factor slightly larger than 1, this embodiment may take 1.1), the ratio of the drum strength of the sintering test to the standard drum strength (sintering plant design parameter) is (considering ensuring the sintering quality requirement, the actual drum strength may be slightly larger than the standard drum strength, so this ratio generally takes a factor slightly larger than 1, this embodiment may take 1. 1), and this ratio may be set to be the target value:
Wherein k 1、k2 is a weight coefficient, k 1∈[-1,0],k2∈[0,1],k3 ε [0,1].
And a second step of: calculate BTP feedback value P 1. The BTP feedback value P 1 is obtained by fitting a curve and BTP soft measurement by a BTP section bellows temperature sequence fitting device, P 1＝[pte1,plo1]T, wherein P te1 is the temperature component of the BTP feedback value, and P lo1 is the position component of the BTP feedback value. The calculation method adopted in this embodiment is as follows:
p lo1＝x0, where x 0 satisfies the condition:
pte1＝CurBTP(plo1)，
Where y=cur BTP (x) is a BTP segment windbox temperature sequence fitted curve.
CurBTP＝polyfit(LO,TE,r)
Wherein, the polyfit (LO, TE, r) function is a polynomial fitting function, LO is a bellows position sequence (fixed value, sintering machine equipment parameter) in the combustion section, TE is a flue gas temperature sequence (bellows thermocouple detection value) in the combustion section, r is an expected order of the LO-TE curve, and in this embodiment, the BTP section fitting function order takes 2.
And a third step of: from the BTP feedback value P 1, an error value E 1 of BTP is calculated.
Error value E 1＝A1-P1. Wherein E 1＝[ete1,elo1]T,P1＝[pte1,plo1]T. Wherein e te1 is a temperature component of the BTP error value, e lo1 is a position component of the BTP error value, p te1 is a temperature component of the BTP feedback value, and p lo1 is a position component of the BTP feedback value.
Fourth step: the target value a 2 of BRP is corrected based on the BTP error value E 1.
A2＝GBTP(E1)
Where y=g BTP (x) is the transfer function of the BTP controller to the BRP correction, a 2＝[ate2,alo2]T,ate2 is the temperature component of the BRP target value, and a lo2 is the position component of the BRP target value. In this example, the transfer function may take the following expression in time domain:
Wherein k BTP1、kBTP2、kBTP3 is a BTP temperature error coefficient, a position error coefficient and a position error change rate coefficient, and k BTP1>0、kBTP2<0,kBTP3 is less than or equal to 0 and is used for adjusting according to an error value, and can be specifically adjusted according to experience and field practical conditions, generally, 0<k BTP1 is less than 1, such as 0.3, -1 is less than or equal to k BTP2 is less than 0, such as-0.4, -1 is less than or equal to k BTP3 is less than or equal to 0, such as-0.1. In order to calculate the change rate according to the time sequence sampling data, in this embodiment, according to the definition of the sintering BRP, the characteristic point is the highest point of the slope of the temperature rising section, the initial value can be the median of the highest temperature, and the initial value of a te2 is 0.5T up; according to the distribution characteristics of the sintering combustion process, the initial value of a lo2 is 0.65L, and L is the total length of the sintering machine.
Fifth step: the BRP feedback value P 2 is calculated. The BRP feedback value P 2 is obtained by BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and BRP soft measurement, and the calculation method is as follows: p 2＝[pte2,plo2]T, where P te2 is the temperature component of the BRP feedback value and P lo2 is the position component of the BRP feedback value. The calculation method adopted in this embodiment is as follows:
According to the sintering production requirement, calculating the reference temperature p te2 of the BRP, one possible calculation method is as follows: p te2＝ζTup, wherein the coefficient ζ is determined according to the current working condition, generally ζ ε [0.45,0.55], and then the position component calculation method of the BRP feedback value is as follows.
Where y=cur BRP (x) is a BRP segment bellows temperature sequence fit curve.
CurBRP＝polyfit(LO,TE,r)
Wherein, the polyfit (LO, TE, r) function is a polynomial fitting function, LO is the bellows position sequence in the combustion section, TE is the flue gas temperature sequence in the combustion section, r is the expected order of the LO-TE curve, and in this embodiment, the BRP section fitting function order takes 2.
Sixth step: based on the BRP feedback value P 2, an error value E 2 of BRP is calculated.
Error value E 2＝A2-P2. Wherein E 2＝[ete2,elo2]T,P2＝[pte2,plo2]T. Wherein e te2 is the temperature component of the BRP error value, e lo2 is the position component of the BRP error value, p te2 is the temperature component of the BRP feedback value, and p lo2 is the position component of the BRP feedback value.
Seventh step: the target value a 3 of TRP is corrected based on the BRP error value E 2.
A3＝GBRP(E2)
Where y=g BRP (x) is the transfer function of the BRP controller to TRP modification, a 3＝[ate3,alo3]T,ate3 is the temperature component of the TRP target value, and a lo3 is the position component of the TRP target value. In this example, the transfer function may take the following expression in time domain:
Wherein k BRP1、kBRP2、kBRP3 is BRP temperature error coefficient, position error coefficient and position error change rate coefficient, k BRP1>0、kBRP2<0,kBRP3 is less than or equal to 0, and is used for adjusting according to error value, and can be specifically adjusted according to experience and field practical situation, generally, 0<k BRP1 is less than 1, such as 0.5, -1 is less than or equal to k BRP2 is less than 0, such as-0.2, -1 is less than or equal to k BRP3 is less than or equal to 0, such as-0.3. Is the rate of change calculated from the time series sampled data. In this embodiment, according to the definition of the sintering TRP, the characteristic point is the inflection point from the temperature plateau to the temperature rising segment, the initial value can be taken according to the expected temperature curve, and the initial value of a te3 is taken as 0.18T up; according to the distribution characteristics of the sintering combustion process, the initial value of a lo3 is 0.4L, and L is the total length of the sintering machine.
Eighth step: TRP feedback value P 3 is calculated. The TRP feedback value P 3 is obtained by fitting a curve to the temperature sequence of a TRP segment bellows and measuring TRP softly, P 3＝[pte3,plo3]T, wherein P te3 is the temperature component of the TRP feedback value, and P lo3 is the position component of the TRP feedback value. The calculation method adopted in this embodiment is as follows:
p lo3＝x1, where x 1 satisfies the condition:
pre3＝CurTRP(plo3)，
Where y=cur TRP (x) is a TRP segment bellows temperature sequence fit curve.
CurTRP＝polyfit(LO,TE,r)
Wherein, the polyfit (LO, TE, r) function is a polynomial fitting function, LO is the bellows position sequence in the combustion section, TE is the flue gas temperature sequence in the combustion section, and r is the expected order of the LO-TE curve.
Ninth step: based on the TRP feedback value P 3, an error value E 3 of TRP is calculated.
Error value E 3＝A3-P3. Wherein E 3＝[ete3,elo3]T,P3＝[pte3,plo3]T. Wherein e te3 is the temperature component of the TRP error value, e lo3 is the position component of the TRP error value, p te3 is the temperature component of the TRP feedback value, and p lo3 is the position component of the TRP feedback value.
Tenth step: taking 01# bellows as an example, the rest bellows in the 1# sintering section repeat the steps, and the average PE 3 is detected according to the TRP error value E 3 and 01# bellows negative pressure, and the throttle opening degree V TRP is adjusted through each bellows throttle actuator of the TRP section, so that the combustion process of the 1# sintering section of the sintering machine is controlled. One possible adjustment method for the damper opening V TRP is as follows:
VTRP＝GSTRP(E3,PID(PE3))，
wherein y=gs TRP (x) is a transfer function of the TRP damper controller for damper opening degree correction, and PID (PE 3) is a regulating value obtained by processing TRP section bellows pressure through a PID algorithm. In this example, the transfer function may take the following expression in time domain:
Wherein μ TRP1、μTRP2 is TRP segment bellows valve temperature coefficient and position coefficient, μ TRP1<0、μTRP2 >0.
Eleventh step: taking 12# bellows as an example, the rest bellows in the 2# sintering section repeat the steps, and the throttle opening degree V BRP is adjusted by each bellows throttle actuator of the BRP section according to the BRP error value E 2 and the 12# bellows negative pressure detection average value PE 2, so that the combustion process of the 2# sintering section of the sintering machine is controlled. One possible adjustment method for the damper opening V BRP is as follows:
VBRP＝GSBRP(E2,PID(PE2))，
where y=gs BRP (x) is a transfer function of the BRP damper controller for damper opening correction, and PID (PE 2) is a regulation value obtained by processing BRP stage bellows pressure through PID algorithm. In this example, the transfer function may take the following expression in time domain:
wherein μ BRP1、μBRP2 is TRP segment valve temperature coefficient and position coefficient, μ BRP1<0、μBRP2 >0.
Twelfth step: taking the 16# bellows as an example, the rest bellows in the 3# sintering section repeat the steps, and the throttle opening degree V BTP is adjusted by each bellows throttle actuator of the BTP section according to the BTP error value E 1 and the 16# bellows negative pressure detection average value PE 1, so that the combustion process of the 3# sintering section of the sintering machine is controlled. One possible adjustment method for the damper opening V BTP is as follows:
VBTP＝GSBTP(E1,PID(PE1))，
Where y=gs BTP (x) is a transfer function of the BTP damper controller to correct the damper opening degree, and PID (PE 1) is a regulating value obtained by processing the BTP section bellows pressure through a PID algorithm. In this example, the transfer function may take the following expression in time domain:
Wherein mu BTP1、μBTP2 is the temperature coefficient and the position coefficient of the BTP section valve, and mu BTP1<0、μBTP2 is more than 0.
The operation state of the sintering machine is regulated by controlling the air door of the air box of the TRP\BRP\BTP sintering combustion section, the sintering combustion process is influenced, and the temperature curve of the combustion process is optimized.
Through the steps, multi-characteristic point sectional control on the sintering combustion process is completed, and through control and proper control strategies on the characteristic points, the opening degree of each air door of the sintering machine is corrected and adjusted by linking the characteristic points in sections in sequence, so that the sintering flue gas temperature is stabilized, the temperature fluctuation of each sintering stage is reduced, the optimization of a combustion curve is realized, the yield of sintering production is ensured, the quality of sintered ores is improved, and meanwhile, the waste heat recovery rate of the sintering waste gas is effectively improved.
Each temperature measurement sequence fitting device, each BTP controller, each BRP controller, each TRP controller and each air door controller in the embodiment comprise a processor and a memory which are connected through signals; the Processor may be implemented in at least one hardware form of a digital signal Processor (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processor, DSP), a Field-Programmable gate array (Field-Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA), a Programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA), or may be implemented in a single-chip microcomputer, MCU, etc. The processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor, the main processor being a processor for processing data in an awake state, also referred to as a central processor (Central Processing Unit, CPU); a coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor may be integrated with a graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) that is responsible for rendering and rendering of the content that the display screen is required to display. In some embodiments, the processor may further include an artificial intelligence (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AI) processor for processing computing operations related to machine learning; the memory may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory may also include high-speed random access memory, as well as non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. The memory is at least used for storing a computer program which, when loaded and executed by the processor, enables the implementation of the relevant steps of the multi-feature point segmentation control method of the sintering process disclosed in the above embodiment. In addition, the resources stored in the memory can also comprise an operating system, data and the like, and the storage mode can be short-term storage or permanent storage. The operating system may include Windows, unix, linux, among other things. The data may include, but is not limited to, the data referred to by the methods mentioned above, and the like.
In addition, the calculation formula adopted in the above embodiment may be adjusted as required, or more new parameters may be added, or the calculation rule may be changed, or even manually adjusted by building a table or a map according to experience, or automatically adjusted by AI according to a large amount of data training, for example, training using a neural network model, etc.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The multi-feature point sectional control method for the sintering process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step one: setting the position and temperature of a target bellows of a sintering characteristic point BTP, BRP, TRP according to the production requirement of a sintering process;
Step two: establishing a temperature sequence fitting curve of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine according to the position and the temperature of each air box of the BTP section, acquiring the air box position and the temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP according to the temperature sequence fitting curve of the air box of the BTP section and a BTP soft measurement model, and correcting the target air box position and the temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP according to the error of the air box position and the temperature of the actual sintering characteristic point BTP;
step three: establishing a BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve according to the positions and temperatures of bellows of the BRP section of the sintering machine, acquiring bellows positions and temperatures corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points BRP according to the BRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and a BRP soft measurement model, and correcting target bellows positions and temperatures of sintering characteristic points TRP according to errors of the bellows positions and temperatures and corrected target bellows positions and temperatures of BRP;
step four: establishing a TRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve according to the positions and temperatures of bellows of a TRP section of the sintering machine, acquiring bellows positions and temperatures corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points TRP according to the TRP section bellows temperature sequence fitting curve and a TRP soft measurement model, and adjusting the throttle opening degree of each bellows of the TRP section of the sintering machine through a throttle actuator of each bellows of the TRP section of the sintering machine according to errors of the bellows positions and temperatures of the bellows positions and the temperatures of the bellows and the corrected target bellows positions and temperatures of the TRP and the pressure of each bellows of the TRP section;
Step five: according to the errors of the positions and the temperatures of the bellows corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic points BRP, the corrected positions and the corrected temperatures of the target bellows of the BRP and the pressures of the bellows of the BRP sections, the opening degree of the air door of each bellows of the BRP sections of the sintering machine is regulated through the air door actuator of each bellows of the BRP sections of the sintering machine;
Step six: and adjusting the throttle opening degree of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine through the throttle actuator of each air box of the BTP section of the sintering machine according to the errors of the position and the temperature of the air box corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP and the corrected target position and the temperature of the air box of the BTP and the pressure of each air box of the BTP section.
2. The method for multi-feature segment control of sintering process according to claim 1, wherein: at least two thermocouples and two pressure sensors are arranged in each bellows, each thermocouple is connected with a temperature signal transmitter in a signal mode, and each pressure sensor is connected with a pressure signal transmitter in a signal mode;
The temperature signal transmitters of the BTP section, the BRP section and the TRP section are respectively connected with temperature measuring sequence fitters in one-to-one correspondence with the sections in a signal mode, the temperature measuring sequence fitters acquire position information and temperature information of each temperature signal transmitter of the corresponding section, the temperature measuring sequence fitters of the sections calculate average values through the temperature information acquired by all the temperature signal transmitters of each bellows in the corresponding section to serve as actual measurement temperatures of the corresponding bellows, bellows temperature sequence fitting curves of the corresponding section are acquired through the actual measurement temperatures and the position information of each bellows in the corresponding section, and the positions and temperatures of the bellows corresponding to actual sintering characteristic points BTP, BRP and TRP are acquired according to the bellows temperature sequence fitting curves of the sections and the BTP, BRP and TRP soft measurement models;
Inputting or transmitting the information of the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BTP and the BRP and the information of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP to a BTP controller, calculating the BTP errors of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BTP and the target bellows position and temperature of the BTP by the BTP controller, and correcting the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP according to the BTP errors and the target bellows position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point BRP;
The method comprises the steps of inputting or transmitting wind box position and temperature information corresponding to an actual sintering characteristic point BRP, target wind box position and temperature information of a sintering characteristic point TRP and target wind box position and temperature information of a corrected sintering characteristic point BRP to a BRP controller, calculating BRP errors of the wind box position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point BRP and the target wind box position and temperature of the corrected BRP by the BRP controller, and correcting the target wind box position and temperature of the sintering characteristic point TRP according to the BRP errors;
inputting or signaling the bellows position and temperature information corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point TRP and the corrected target bellows position and temperature information of the sintering characteristic point TRP to a TRP controller, and calculating TRP errors of the bellows position and temperature corresponding to the actual sintering characteristic point TRP and the corrected target bellows position and temperature of the TRP by the TRP controller;
The pressure signal transmitters of the BTP section, the BRP section and the TRP section are respectively connected to air door controllers corresponding to the sections in a one-to-one mode in a signal mode, and the air door controllers guide air door actuators of the air boxes in the corresponding sections to respectively adjust the opening degree of the air doors according to the position information and the pressure information of each pressure signal transmitter of the corresponding section and the errors calculated by the corresponding section controllers.
3. The method for multi-feature segment control of sintering process according to claim 1, wherein: and step seven, repeating the steps two to six.
4. A multi-feature segment control method of a sintering process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the sintering process production requirements comprise the total length of a sintering machine, the total number of bellows, the highest temperature of sintering raw material combustion, the yield per unit time and the design standard yield, the waste heat recovery temperature and the design standard temperature, and the drum strength and the standard drum strength of a sintering ore inspection test.
5. A multi-feature segment control method of a sintering process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the sintering machine is provided with 18 bellows, TRP sections corresponding to bellows 1-11, BRP sections corresponding to bellows 12-15, and BTP sections corresponding to bellows 16-18.
6. The method for multi-feature segment control of sintering process according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature measuring sequence fitting device, the BTP controller, the BRP controller, the TRP controller and the air door controllers of each section comprise a processor and a memory which are connected through signals, the memory is used for storing a calculation program, and the processor is used for executing the calculation program in the memory which is connected through signals and realizing the method in claim 1.
7. The method for multi-feature segment control of sintering process according to claim 6, wherein: the processor comprises a CPU, a singlechip and MCU, FPGA, DSP, and the memory comprises a computer-readable storage medium, a high-speed random access memory and a nonvolatile memory.
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| CN105093928A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-25 | 中南大学 | Intelligent sintering process state control method based on main exhauster frequency conversion regulation |
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| JP4826129B2 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2011-11-30 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method for producing sintered ore |
| CN110619931B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Sintering process carbon efficiency optimization method based on multi-time scale optimization |
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| CN105093928A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-25 | 中南大学 | Intelligent sintering process state control method based on main exhauster frequency conversion regulation |
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