CN115198716A - Progressive reducing method penetration test method for deep soil penetration test - Google Patents
Progressive reducing method penetration test method for deep soil penetration test Download PDFInfo
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- CN115198716A CN115198716A CN202210979501.3A CN202210979501A CN115198716A CN 115198716 A CN115198716 A CN 115198716A CN 202210979501 A CN202210979501 A CN 202210979501A CN 115198716 A CN115198716 A CN 115198716A
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- feeler lever
- feeler
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- penetration
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a progressive diameter-changing penetration test method for deep soil penetration test, which is characterized in that a diameter-changing penetration rod is integrally pressed into a soil body, when the depth of the length of a first penetration rod nested at the outermost periphery is reached, the force application device is used for continuously pushing the rest penetration rods, so that the rest penetration rods are continuously pressed into the soil body downwards until the depth of the length of a second penetration rod nested in the first penetration rod is reached, and the force application device is used for continuously pushing the rest penetration rods again; and performing progressive pressing in a reciprocating manner until the last feeler lever is pushed in place under the action of the force application device, so as to finish the deep soil penetration test. The invention has the advantages that: through the progressive operation of different feeler levers, increase the sounding test degree of depth, through the mode that changes the diameter of sounding equipment cross section, reduce the frictional resistance of deep high stress foundation soil to sounding equipment, be convenient for simultaneously realize the clearance in step when the feeler lever is retrieved, be convenient for retrieve and reuse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil body sounding, in particular to a progressive diameter-changing sounding test method for deep soil body sounding test.
Background
In recent years, during the construction work of various types of infrastructure, the state often needs to analyze the stress state of a to-be-constructed structure on a construction site, the stress of a soil layer often needs to be measured, and a penetration test method is a frequently used foundation soil stress test method. Because foundation soil stress can be constantly strengthened along with the increase of the depth, when the penetration equipment enters the foundation soil to a deeper depth, the penetration equipment is influenced by the friction force of the foundation soil and is difficult to press in, so that the penetration test depth of the deep soil is limited, and the engineering applicability of the penetration method is also limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a progressive diameter-changing method penetration test method for penetration test of deep soil according to the defects of the prior art, wherein penetration rods with diameters from large to small are sequentially pressed in a soil layer in a progressive mode, so that the frictional resistance of a penetration device is effectively reduced, and the penetration test of the deep soil is realized.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a progressive diameter-changing sounding test method for deep soil sounding test is characterized in that: the penetration test method comprises the following steps:
assembling variable-diameter feeler levers according to the depth of soil body feeler, wherein the variable-diameter feeler levers adopt a nested telescopic structure and are composed of a plurality of feeler levers, so that the extension length of the variable-diameter feeler levers meets the depth requirement of soil body feeler, and assembling force application devices corresponding to the number and the positions of the feeler levers of the variable-diameter feeler levers;
pushing the reducing feeler lever into a soil body by using a force application device, and performing soil body sounding test by using a sounding device arranged at the bottom of the reducing feeler lever in the pressing process;
the force application device firstly presses the reducing feeler lever into the soil body integrally, when the length depth of the first feeler lever nested in the outermost periphery is reached, the force application device is used for continuously pushing the rest feeler levers, so that the rest feeler levers are continuously pressed into the soil body downwards until the length depth of the second feeler lever nested in the first feeler lever is reached, and the force application device is used for continuously pushing the rest feeler levers again; and performing progressive pressing in a reciprocating manner until the last feeler lever is pushed in place under the action of the force application device to finish the deep soil body penetration test.
Limiting structures are arranged between the feeler levers of the variable-diameter feeler lever respectively, and the movement stroke of the feeler lever which can be extended by the limiting structures is limited so as to control the feeler depth of the variable-diameter feeler lever.
The bottom of each feeler lever of the variable-diameter feeler lever is combined into a conical body, the force application device is used for pulling up the variable-diameter feeler lever, and the bottom of each feeler lever is used for scraping and cleaning the surface of the adjacent feeler lever nested on the inner side of the feeler lever.
The force application device comprises a plurality of top bodies, wherein the top bodies are assembled to form a force application top body and a force application instrument, the number of the top bodies corresponds to the number of the feeler levers, the top bodies are assembled to form a whole, and the force application top body is connected with the force application instrument through a mandril.
The ejector rod is arranged on the ejector body corresponding to the feeler lever with the smallest size, and the rest ejector bodies are respectively nested on the ejector rod in sequence and are in threaded fit connection with the ejector rod.
The invention has the advantages that: the penetration test depth is increased through progressive operation of different penetration rods, the frictional resistance of deep high-stress foundation soil to penetration equipment is reduced in a mode of changing the diameter of the cross section of the penetration equipment, and meanwhile, the penetration rods are convenient to synchronously clean during recovery and recycle; the method has the advantages of reasonable technical scheme, strong innovation, strong operability, capability of effectively deepening the penetration test depth, expanding the applicability of penetration test engineering and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an outer layer feeler lever of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inner layer feeler lever of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a center feeler lever according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a stress buffer ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an outer layer feeler lever, an inner layer feeler lever, a center feeler lever, and a stress buffering ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the force applying device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the force applying device of the present invention in use;
FIG. 8 is a state diagram of the present invention in use;
FIG. 9 is a view of the extended position of the feeler lever of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a touch probe of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
as shown in fig. 1-10, the labels 1-38 are respectively shown as: the device comprises an outer layer feeler lever 1, an inner layer feeler lever 2, a central feeler lever 3, an outer snap ring 4, an outer top table 5, an outer bottom table 6, an outer heading body 7, an outer top cavity 8, an inner bottom cavity 9, an inner snap ring 10, an inner top table 11, an inner bottom table 12, an inner heading body 13, an inner top cavity 14, an inner bottom cavity 15, a central snap ring 16, a central top table 17, a snap groove 18, a sensing wire 19, a sensing rod 20, a touch probe 21, a snap rod 22, an outer top body 23, an inner top body 24, a central top body 25, a mounting hole 26, a mounting hole 27, a top rod 28, a fastening thread 29, a sensing groove 30, a data transmission line 31, an outer snap ring 32, an inner snap ring 33, a central snap ring 34, a snap cavity 35, a top cavity 36, a force application instrument 37 and a stress buffering ring 38.
Example (b): the method for sounding a deep soil body by using a gradient diameter method in this embodiment can be implemented by using the sounding test apparatus shown in fig. 1 to 10, but is not limited to the structure shown in the figure. The main body of the penetration test device is divided into two parts, namely a penetration rod with a nested structure and a force application device with an assembled structure, wherein the penetration rod is used for realizing penetration test of deep soil, and the force application device is used for pressing the penetration rod into or pulling out the deep soil.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the feeler lever in this embodiment includes three layers of mutually nested outer feeler lever 1, inner feeler lever 2, and central feeler lever 3, each layer of feeler lever can adapt to the frictional resistance of foundation soils with different depths to the feeler apparatus, and the three layers of feeler levers adopt a diameter-variable structure, wherein the outer feeler lever 1 is the feeler lever with the largest diameter, the central feeler lever 3 is the feeler lever with the smallest diameter, and the inner feeler lever 2 is the feeler lever between the outer feeler lever 1 and the central feeler lever 3.
Specifically, an outer clamping ring 4 is formed at the top of an outer layer feeler lever 1, the diameter of the outer clamping ring 4 is slightly larger than the diameter of a lever body of the outer layer feeler lever 1, an outer top platform 5 is formed at the diameter-changing position of the outer clamping ring 1 and the lever body, an outer tunneling body 7 is arranged at the bottom of the outer layer feeler lever 1, the diameter of the outer surface of the outer tunneling body 7 is gradually reduced from an upper plane to a lower plane, the top of the outer tunneling body 7 protrudes towards the inside of a feeler lever cavity to form an outer bottom platform 6, and the inner diameter of the outer bottom platform 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the bottommost part of the outer tunneling body 7. The top of the outer layer feeler lever 1 is constructed by an outer snap ring 4 to form an outer top cavity 8, and the bottom is constructed by an outer tunneling body 7 to form an inner bottom cavity 9.
As shown in fig. 2, the overall structure of the inner feeler lever 2 is the same as that of the outer feeler lever 1, and an inner snap ring 10, an inner top platform 11, an inner bottom platform 12, an inner tunneling body 13, an inner top cavity 14 and an inner bottom cavity 15 are respectively distributed at positions corresponding to the outer feeler lever 1. Wherein, the outer diameter of the inner snap ring 10 of the inner layer feeler lever 2 is equivalent to the outer diameter of the outer top platform 5 of the outer layer feeler lever 1, the outer diameter of the lever body of the inner layer feeler lever 2 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the inner bottom cavity 9 of the outer layer feeler lever 1, the outer top cavity 8 of the inner layer feeler lever 2 through the outer layer feeler lever 1 moves downwards, and the bottom surface of the inner top platform 11 is finally clamped on the outer bottom platform 6, so that the movement stroke of the inner layer feeler lever 2 is limited.
As shown in fig. 3 and 10, the top of the central feeler lever 3 is provided with a central snap ring 16 and a central top stand 17, and the outer diameter of the central snap ring 16 is equal to the inner diameter of the shaft of the inner feeler lever 3 and the outer diameter of the inner stand 12. The bottom of the central feeler lever 3 is provided with a clamping groove 18 sinking towards the top of the lever body, the top of the clamping groove 18 penetrates through a sensing wire 19 arranged in the lever body, and one end of the sensing wire 19 extends into a sensing lever 20 distributed on a central top platform 17 in the central snap ring 16. The clamping groove 18 is mainly used for connecting a touch probe 21, clamping rods 22 are distributed on the top of the touch probe 21, the touch probe 21 can be connected with the central touch probe rod 3 by embedding the clamping rods 22 into the clamping groove 18, and the touch probe 21 is in contact connection with the other end of the sensing wire 19. The central feeler lever 3 can move downwards through the inner top cavity 14 of the inner feeler lever 2 and can be finally clamped on the inner bottom platform 12 of the inner feeler lever 2 through the central top platform 17, so that the movement stroke of the central feeler lever 3 is limited.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the force applying device is assembled by an outer top body 23, an inner top body 24 and a central top body 25. Wherein, the top of the outer top body 23 is provided with a mounting hole 26 with internal thread, and the top of the inner top body 24 is provided with a mounting hole 27 with internal thread. The outer diameter of the central top body 25 is equal to the inner diameter of the central snap ring 16 at the top of the central feeler lever 3, and the sensing grooves 30 corresponding to the sensing rods 20 are distributed in the central top body 25, so that the central top body 25 and the central feeler lever 3 can be connected by embedding the sensing rods 20 into the sensing grooves 30 and synchronously embedding the central top body 25 into the central snap ring 16. The top of central ejecting body 25 is provided with ejector pin 28, ejector pin 28 rod footpath slightly is less than central ejecting body 25 diameter, and with external screw thread hole 26, mounting hole 27 internal diameter phase-match, the periphery that ejector pin 28 is close to central ejecting body 25 position is provided with fastening thread 29, outer ejecting body 23 is close to the inboard distribution in top and has outer ka tai 32, outer ka tai 32 internal diameter is equivalent with interior ejecting body 24 external diameter, interior ejecting body 24 is close to the inboard distribution in top and has interior ka tai 33, interior ka tai 33 internal diameter is equivalent with central ejecting body 25 external diameter and central ka tai 34 external diameter, interior ejecting body 24, outer ejecting body 23 can loop through mounting hole 27, mounting hole 26 imbeds on the ejector pin 28 and is even as an organic whole with central ejecting body 25 through fastening thread 29.
The inside of the push rod 28 and the inside of the top of the sensing groove 30 are provided with data transmission lines 31 for transmitting test data of the touch probe 21. The outer top body 23, the inner top body 24 and the central top body 25 are embedded to form a force application device, as shown in fig. 7, a clamping cavity 35 is formed between each clamping platform at the bottom of the force application device and each top body, when the outer layer feeler lever 1, the inner layer feeler lever 2 and the central feeler lever 3 are combined to form the same horizontal plane as that shown in fig. 5, a top cavity 36 is formed between the outer clamping ring 4, the inner clamping ring 10 and the central clamping ring 16, each top body of the force application device can be embedded into the top cavity 36, each clamping ring of the feeler device can be synchronously embedded into the clamping cavity 35, and the embedding mode of the force application device and the feeler lever can enhance the embedding strength between the devices, so that the stability and the perpendicularity of the feeler lever during pressing in are ensured, and the test precision of the feeler test is further improved.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 5, the outer tunneling body 7 at the bottom of the outer layer feeler lever 1, the inner tunneling body 13 at the bottom of the inner layer feeler lever 2 and the feeler 21 are combined to form a cone, so that each feeler lever and the feeler 21 at the bottom can be synchronously stressed and pressed into the soil layer, and the feeler 21 can be further pressed into the deep soil.
As shown in fig. 7, the push rod 28 is connected with a force application device 37 on the ground surface, and when the outer top body 23 and the inner top body 24 are both embedded with the central top body 25, the force application operation of the whole penetration equipment can be realized. When the outer head body 23 is moved out of the jack 28, the force application operation to the inner feeler lever 2 and the center feeler lever 3 can be realized. When the inner ejection body 24 is moved out of the ejector rod 28, the force application operation on the central feeler lever 3 can be realized, and in the whole test process, the outer tunneling body 7 and the inner tunneling body 13 synchronously displace with the outer feeler lever 1 and the inner feeler lever 2 in sequence, and the contact probe 21 synchronously displaces with the central feeler lever 3. After the outer tunneling body 7 and the inner tunneling body 13 are separated in sequence, the outer tunneling body and the inner tunneling body can respectively surround the inner layer feeler lever 2 and the central feeler lever 3 and the central feeler lever 16, soil adhered to the outer wall of the feeler lever can be removed when the equipment is pulled away, the blocking of a lever body caused by the fact that the soil enters the inside of the feeler lever is avoided, and the equipment is convenient to reuse.
In order to reduce the soil resistance when the penetration equipment enters foundation soil, a stress buffer ring 38 is arranged on the outer layer penetration rod 1, and the stress buffer ring 38 can be embedded outside the outer layer penetration rod 1 and close to the lower part of the outer snap ring 4.
The test method of this example is as follows:
(1) The outer layer feeler lever 1, the inner layer feeler lever 2 and the central feeler lever 3 are sequentially nested and kept in the same horizontal plane to form a feeler lever with a nested structure, as shown in fig. 5.
(2) The outer top body 23 and the inner top body 24 are respectively inserted into the ejector rod 28 through the outer threaded hole 26 and the mounting hole 27, and finally inserted into the fastening thread 29, so that the outer top body 23, the inner top body 24 and the central top body 25 are assembled to form the force application device, as shown in fig. 7.
(3) As shown in fig. 8, the force applying devices are collectively moved so that the inner snap ring 10 and the center snap ring 16 correspond to the snap cavities 35, the outer plug 23 and the inner plug 24 correspond to the plug cavities 36 formed by the snap rings, and the center plug 25 corresponds to the cavity formed by the center snap ring 16, as shown in fig. 8.
(4) The force application means is rotated in the opposite direction of the thread direction of the fastening thread 29, so that the force application means engages in the feeler lever, the sensor lever 20 of the central feeler lever 3 engaging synchronously in the sensor groove 30 of the central head 34.
(5) The stress buffer ring 38 is moved upward through the bottom of the feeler lever and is embedded in the bottom area of the outer snap ring 4 at the top of the outer feeler lever 1.
(6) Downward pressure is applied to the top rod 28 by the force application instrument 37, the outer feeler lever 1, the inner feeler lever 2 and the central feeler lever 3 are integrally moved downward, and feeler data measured by the feeler 21 are acquired in real time.
(7) When the operation of the step (6) reaches a certain depth and the outer top body 23 cannot move downwards continuously, the positions of the inner top body 24 and the central top body 25 are kept unchanged.
(8) As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the force applying device 37 continues to apply pressure to the push rod 28, the position of the outer feeler lever 1 is maintained, the inner feeler lever 2 and the central feeler lever 3 continue to move downward, and the feeler data measured by the feeler 21 continues to be acquired.
(9) When the inner feeler lever 2 is snapped onto the outer base table 6, the inner top body 24 is removed and the position of the central top body 25 remains unchanged.
(10) The force application device 37 is used for continuously applying pressure to the ejector rod 28, the position of the inner feeler lever 2 is kept unchanged, the central feeler lever 3 is continuously moved downwards under the action of the central ejector body 25, and data collected by the feeler head 21 are continuously collected.
(11) After the test is finished, the force application instrument 37 applies pulling force to the ejector rod to move the central feeler lever 3 upwards, and soil on the side wall of the lever is scraped clean by the inner tunneling body 13.
(12) When the central feeler lever 3 moves upwards to a certain position, the inner top body 24 is embedded into the fastening thread 29 on the top rod 28, then the inner feeler lever 2 moves upwards through the force application instrument 37, and soil on the side wall of the inner feeler lever is scraped clean by the outer tunneling body 7.
(13) When the outer feeler lever 1 is moved upwards to the desired position, the outer head 23 is inserted into the fastening thread 29 on the top rod 28, and the outer feeler lever 1 is then moved upwards by means of the force-exerting device 37 until the entire feeler lever is moved out of the ground.
In the embodiment, in specific implementation: the length of the ram 28 can be adjusted as required by the field application. The rod body parts of the outer layer feeler lever 1, the inner layer feeler lever 2 and the center feeler lever 3 except the outer snap ring 4, the inner snap ring 10 and the center snap ring 16 can be lengthened or shortened according to needs. The fastening thread 29 of the push rod 28 can be controlled remotely by a force applying machine, and further, the outer top body 23 and the inner top body 24 can realize automatic embedding or embedding on or off of the push rod 28 by arranging a rotating motor and other devices on the outer top body 23 and the inner top body 24.
Besides the three-layer structure of the outer feeler lever 1, the inner feeler lever 2 and the central feeler lever 3 adopted in the embodiment, the structure of four or more layers can be adopted and the corresponding number of force application devices are configured according to the sounding depth requirement of the soil body, so that the sounding depth of the feeler lever is further improved.
Although the conception and the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims, and therefore, they are not to be considered repeated herein.
Claims (7)
1. A progressive diameter-changing sounding test method for deep soil sounding test is characterized in that: the penetration test method comprises the following steps:
assembling variable-diameter feeler levers according to the depth of soil body feeler, wherein the variable-diameter feeler levers adopt a nested telescopic structure and are composed of a plurality of feeler levers, so that the extension length of the variable-diameter feeler levers meets the depth requirement of soil body feeler, and assembling force application devices corresponding to the number and the positions of the feeler levers of the variable-diameter feeler levers;
pushing the reducing feeler lever into a soil body by using a force application device, and performing soil body sounding test by using a sounding device arranged at the bottom of the reducing feeler lever in the pressing process;
the force application device firstly presses the reducing feeler lever into the soil body integrally, when the length depth of the first feeler lever nested in the outermost periphery is reached, the force application device is used for continuously pushing the rest feeler levers, so that the rest feeler levers are continuously pressed into the soil body downwards until the length depth of the second feeler lever nested in the first feeler lever is reached, and the force application device is used for continuously pushing the rest feeler levers again; and performing progressive pressing in a reciprocating manner until the last feeler lever is pushed in place under the action of the force application device, so as to finish the deep soil penetration test.
2. The progressive diameter-changing sounding test method for deep soil sounding test according to claim 1, wherein: limiting structures are arranged between the feeler levers of the variable-diameter feeler lever respectively, and the movement stroke of the feeler lever which can be extended by the limiting structures is limited so as to control the feeler depth of the variable-diameter feeler lever.
3. The method for deep soil penetration testing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the bottom of each feeler lever of the variable-diameter feeler lever is combined into a conical body, the force application device is used for pulling up the variable-diameter feeler lever, and the bottom of each feeler lever is used for scraping and cleaning the surface of the adjacent feeler lever nested on the inner side of the feeler lever.
4. The method for the deep soil penetration test of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the force application device comprises a plurality of top bodies, wherein the top bodies are assembled to form a force application top body and a force application instrument, the number of the top bodies corresponds to the number of the feeler levers and forms a one-to-one correspondence, the top bodies are assembled to form a whole, and the force application top body is connected with the force application instrument through a top rod.
5. The method for the deep soil penetration test of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ejector rod is arranged on the ejector body corresponding to the feeler lever with the smallest size, and the rest ejector bodies are respectively nested on the ejector rod in sequence and are in threaded fit connection with the ejector rod.
6. The method for the deep soil penetration test of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and a clamping cavity is formed between the adjacent top bodies, the clamping cavity is clamped on a clamping ring arranged at the top of the feeler lever, and the top bodies press in or pull out the feeler lever through the clamping.
7. The method for the deep soil penetration test of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and adjusting the penetration depth of the variable-diameter feeler lever by increasing or decreasing the lever length of the feeler lever and/or increasing or decreasing the nesting number of the feeler lever.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210979501.3A CN115198716B (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Progressive reducing method penetration test method for deep soil penetration test |
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| CN202210979501.3A CN115198716B (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Progressive reducing method penetration test method for deep soil penetration test |
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| CN115198716B CN115198716B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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