CN115198523A - Oil feeding, humidifying and health preserving process for dry spinning of flax short fibers - Google Patents
Oil feeding, humidifying and health preserving process for dry spinning of flax short fibers Download PDFInfo
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
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- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
- D06B1/02—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by spraying or projecting
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/11—Compounds containing epoxy groups or precursors thereof
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dry spinning oil-feeding humidifying health-preserving process for flax short fibers. The process comprises the following steps: mixing vegetable oil, anhydrous methanol and alkali, carrying out alkali catalytic reaction to obtain biodiesel, compounding the biodiesel with a penetrant, an antistatic agent and an emulsifier to obtain a flax oil agent, mixing the flax oil agent with water to prepare an oil feeding solution, uniformly spraying the oil feeding solution on the surface of flax fibers, emulsifying, and warehousing for health preservation. Under the same conditions (oil agent proportion, oil feeding process and spinning process), compared with the traditional vegetable oil feeding effect, the oil content of the flax oil agent obtained by the invention is improved by 6.63-7.94%, compared with the flax yarn spun by the traditional vegetable oil feeding, the breaking strength of the prepared flax yarn is improved by 5.26-6.65%, hairiness is reduced by 5.10-7.09%, and yarn unevenness is reduced by 1.56-2.30%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of dry spinning processing of short flax fibers, and particularly relates to a dry spinning oil-feeding humidifying health-preserving process for the short flax fibers.
Background
The traditional flax spinning technology is generally adopted, wet spinning is called as short, the main process flow comprises the steps of softening flax, carding, drawing, roving, boiling and bleaching, wet spinning of spun yarn, drying and the like, and the impurities such as colloid and the like in the fiber are gradually removed. Compared with wet flax spinning, the equipment and the technology of the cotton spinning ring spinning system are more advanced and mature, the production speed is far higher than that of wet flax spinning, and the yarn forming uniformity is also obviously better than that of wet spinning. Therefore, the dry spinning of the flax short fiber by the cotton spinning system not only can simplify the spinning flow and improve the yield and the efficiency, but also can improve the yarn performance. The dry spinning process of the flax short fiber comprises pretreatment, degumming, oil feeding, drying, opening, oil feeding and humidifying, spinning and the like, wherein the flax fiber removes more non-cellulose substances such as pectin, lignin, hemicellulose and the like in the degumming process, but also removes fat and wax components beneficial to spinning, so that the fibers are mutually bonded after being dried to form a large number of doubled and hard strips, and simultaneously, the flax fiber has high crystallinity and no natural crimp of cotton fiber, and after moisture is evaporated in the drying process, the fibers are easy to break in the subsequent spinning process, so that the combing rate is reduced, and spun yarns have more hairiness and high uneven evenness. Therefore, the opened flax fiber needs oiling to loosen and soften the fiber and improve the surface state of the fiber, thereby improving the mechanical and physical properties of the fiber. The oil feeding mode is oil feeding by spraying, and the oil agent is piled in a warehouse and placed for a period of time to ensure that the oil agent permeates into the fiber, so that the dynamic friction coefficient between the fiber and machinery is effectively reduced, and the fiber damage is reduced.
The quality and performance of the oil agent have direct influence on the spinning processing process of the flax fiber and the quality of finished yarn. The smoothing agent used for the oil agent is mineral oil, vegetable oil, etc. The mineral oil has stable performance, low cost and good smoothness. The good smoothness can effectively reduce the frictional resistance of the fiber during carding and reduce the fiber damage; but also the cohesive force between the fibers is small, and the strength of the sliver is reduced; and mineral oil has poor moisture retention. The vegetable oil has good viscosity, can increase cohesive force among fibers and improve strength of a sliver, but the smoothness is reduced due to the overhigh viscosity, the friction resistance of the fibers during carding is improved, the fibers are greatly damaged, the permeability of an oil agent in the fibers is also influenced, and the oil supply rate is reduced.
Chinese patent CN200910009283.5 discloses a flax fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein a proper amount of vegetable oil and caustic soda are used, and the generated oleic acid soap is used as an emulsifier through saponification. However, the viscosity of the vegetable oil is high, so that the oil agent is only adsorbed on the surface of the fiber and cannot effectively permeate into the fiber, and the piling time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a flax short fiber dry spinning oil feeding humidification health preserving process, so as to overcome the defects of high vegetable oil viscosity and poor oil feeding effect in the flax oil feeding process in the prior art.
The invention provides a flax short fiber dry spinning oil feeding humidification health preserving process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing vegetable oil, anhydrous methanol and alkali, carrying out alkali catalytic reaction to obtain biodiesel, and then compounding with a penetrating agent, an antistatic agent and an emulsifier to obtain a flax oil agent;
(2) And (2) mixing the flax oil agent obtained in the step (1) with water, uniformly spraying the obtained oil feeding solution on the surface of flax fibers, emulsifying, and warehousing for health preservation.
Preferably, the vegetable oil in the step (1) is rapeseed oil, and the viscosity of the rapeseed oil is 60-80mpa.s.
Preferably, the base in step (1) is sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the vegetable oil to the anhydrous methanol in the step (1) is 1:3 to 10 percent, and the dosage of the alkali is 0.8 to 1.5 percent of the weight of the vegetable oil.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in the step (1) is 30-65 ℃, and the reaction time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the viscosity of the biodiesel in the step (1) is 15-25mPa.s, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value is 7-9.
Preferably, the penetrant in the step (1) is a rapid penetrant T; the antistatic agent is an antistatic agent SN with a chemical component mainly containing octadecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium nitrate.
Preferably, the emulsifier in step (1) is: the mass ratio of 3:5-7 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) and sorbitan monooleate (span 80) are formed, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the emulsifier is 7-9.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass percent of the biodiesel in the flax oil is 74-88%, the mass percent of the penetrating agent is 1-3%, the mass percent of the antistatic agent is 1-3%, and the mass percent of the emulsifying agent is 10-20%.
Preferably, the reaction in the step (1) is stopped and layered after the reaction is finished, the lower layer is glycerol, and the upper layer is crude biodiesel; and (3) taking the supernatant to wash with water, and recovering the by-products of glycerol and excessive methanol to finally obtain the refined biodiesel.
Preferably, the upper layer liquid is washed by distilled water until no milky white substance is evident in the water phase, anhydrous sodium sulfate accounting for 0 percent of the total mass l is added into the washed liquid to remove residual water, the diesel oil phase is heated to 110-120 ℃ under normal pressure, evaporated methanol is recovered, and the biodiesel is removed when the oil layer becomes light yellow transparent liquid.
Preferably, the dosage of the flax oil agent in the oil feeding solution in the step (2) is 1-3% of the dry weight of the flax fiber, and the mass ratio of the flax fiber to the oil feeding solution is 1:6-8.
Preferably, the emulsification time in the step (2) is 10-30 min, the emulsification temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the emulsification stirring speed is 500-800 r/min.
Preferably, the piling time in the step (2) is 24-36 hours, so that the moisture regain of the flax is 15-20%, the oil content is 1-2%, and the dynamic friction coefficient between the fiber and the machine is effectively reduced, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing fiber damage and improving the yarn quality.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the main component of the vegetable oil is high-grade fatty glyceride, wherein the fatty acid mainly comprises oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid, and the vegetable oil with high viscosity and methanol are subjected to ester exchange reaction under the action of a catalyst to generate fatty methyl ester, so that the carbon chain length and the molecular weight of the vegetable oil are reduced, and the purpose of reducing the viscosity of the vegetable oil is achieved. After the viscosity is reduced, the smoothness of the oiling agent is improved, the fiber damage during carding can be effectively reduced, and the fiber strength is improved. Meanwhile, the oiling agent is easier to permeate into the fibers, capillary water between the fibers is replaced, adhesive water (hydrogen bond acting force exists between the fibers) tightly combined with the surfaces of the fibers, combined water (hydrogen bond acting force exists between the fibers and macromolecules) inside the fibers and free water (gaps and holes existing inside the fibers and hydrogen bond acting force does not exist between the fibers and macromolecules), sticky oil films are formed on the surfaces of the fibers and inside the fibers, when the fibers are in contact with metal, the firm oil films can reduce friction resistance, the good permeability can shorten the oil supply time or improve the oil content in the same time, the oil content is properly increased, the friction coefficient between the fibers and metal can be reduced, the fiber and needle tooth action is slowed down during carding, the fibers are prevented from being damaged, and the strong extensibility of the fibers is improved.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the traditional vegetable oil oiling effect, the oil content of the obtained flax oil agent is improved by 6.63-7.94%, the breaking strength of the prepared flax yarn is improved by 5.26-6.65%, hairiness is reduced by 5.10-7.09%, and the yarn unevenness is reduced by 1.56-2.30% compared with the flax yarn spun by the traditional vegetable oil oiling.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The breaking strength test method comprises the following steps: and (3) determining the breaking strength and the breaking elongation of a single yarn of the textile roll-up yarn in GB/T3916-2013.
A hairiness index testing method comprises the following steps: FZ/T01086 projection counting method for measuring the hairiness of textile yarns.
The method for testing unevenness of evenness comprises the following steps: GB/T3292.2-2009, second part of test method for uneven yarn evenness of textile, photoelectric method.
The oil content testing method comprises the following steps: GB/T5889-1986 Ramie chemical component quantitative analysis method-lipid wax content determination.
Example 1
A flax short fiber dry spinning oil feeding humidification health preserving process specifically comprises the following three steps:
(1) Preparing a flax oil agent: the method is characterized in that the molar ratio of rapeseed oil with the viscosity of 60mPa.s to absolute methanol is 1:3, the dosage of an alkali catalyst sodium hydroxide is 0.8%, the reaction temperature is 30 ℃, the reaction time is 60min, standing and layering are carried out after the reaction is finished, the upper layer liquid is washed by distilled water until no milky white substance is obviously formed in the water phase, anhydrous sodium sulfate accounting for 0% of the total mass l is added into the washed liquid to remove residual water, the diesel oil phase is heated to 110 ℃ under normal pressure, glycerin and evaporated methanol are recovered, and the biodiesel is removed when the oil layer becomes light yellow transparent liquid. The viscosity of the prepared biodiesel was 15mpa.s, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value) was 7.
(2) Preparing a flax oil feeding solution: the mass percent of the biodiesel is 74 percent, the mass percent of the rapid penetrating agent T is 3 percent, the mass percent of the antistatic agent SN is 3 percent, the emulsifier is a mixture consisting of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) and sorbitan monooleate (span 80) in a mass ratio of 3:7, the mass percent is 20 percent, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value) is 7.
(3) And (3) oil feeding, humidifying and health preserving of flax: (1) oil feeding: the mass ratio of the flax to the oil feeding solution is 1:6, and the dosage of the flax oil agent in the oil feeding solution is 1 percent of the dry weight of the flax. The emulsification time of the flax oil agent is 10min, the emulsification temperature is 35 ℃, and the stirring speed is 800r/min. (2) Stacking and preserving health: the warehousing time is 24 hours, so that the moisture regain of the flax is 15 percent, and the oil content is 1 percent.
The quality ratio of 48tex pure flax yarn spun on cotton spinning equipment by using traditional vegetable oil feeding (the rapeseed oil preparation ratio, the oil feeding process and the spinning method are consistent with the embodiment) in the embodiment is as follows:
TABLE 1 quality comparison of 48tex pure flax yarn
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the traditional vegetable oil feeding effect, the oil content of the present example is improved by 7.94%; compared with the flax yarn spun by the traditional vegetable oil, the breaking strength of the prepared flax yarn is improved by 6.65%, the hairiness index is reduced by 7.09%, and the yarn unevenness rate is reduced by 1.56%.
Example 2
A flax short fiber dry spinning oil feeding humidification health preserving process specifically comprises the following three steps:
(1) Preparing a flax oil agent: the method is characterized in that the molar ratio of rapeseed oil with the viscosity of 70mPa.s to absolute methanol is 1:6, using 1.2% of alkali catalyst sodium hydroxide, reacting at 45 ℃, reacting for 45min, standing and layering after the reaction is finished, washing the upper layer liquid with distilled water until no milky white substance is in the water phase, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate accounting for 0% of the total mass l into the washed liquid to remove residual water, heating the diesel oil phase to 115 ℃ under normal pressure, recovering glycerin and evaporated methanol, and removing the biodiesel when the oil layer becomes light yellow transparent liquid. The viscosity of the prepared biodiesel was 20mPa.s, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value) was 8.
(2) Preparing a flax oil feeding solution: the mass percent of the biodiesel is 80%, the mass percent of the rapid penetrating agent T is 2%, the mass percent of the antistatic agent SN is 2%, the emulsifier is a mixture consisting of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) and sorbitan monooleate (span 80) in a mass ratio of 3:6, the mass percent is 16%, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value) is 8.
(3) And (3) oil feeding, humidifying and health preserving of flax: (1) oil feeding: the mass ratio of the flax to the oil feeding solution is 1:7, and the dosage of the flax oil agent in the oil feeding solution is 2 percent of the dry weight of the flax. The emulsification time of the flax oil agent is 20min, the emulsification temperature is 30 ℃, and the stirring speed is 650r/min. (2) Stacking and preserving health: the warehousing time is 30 hours, so that the moisture regain of the flax is 18 percent, and the oil content is 1.5 percent.
The quality ratio of 42tex pure flax yarn spun on cotton spinning equipment by using the traditional vegetable oil feeding method (the oil solution ratio, the oil feeding process and the spinning method are consistent with the embodiment) in the embodiment is as follows:
TABLE 2 comparison of the quality of 42tex pure flax yarn
As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the traditional vegetable oil feeding effect, the oil content of the present example is improved by 7.03%; compared with the flax yarn spun by the traditional vegetable oil, the breaking strength of the prepared flax yarn is improved by 6.21 percent, the hairiness index is reduced by 6.36 percent, and the yarn unevenness rate is reduced by 2.16 percent.
Example 3
A flax short fiber dry spinning oil feeding humidification health preserving process specifically comprises the following three steps:
(1) Preparing flax oil agent: the method comprises the following steps of (1) adopting rapeseed oil with viscosity of 80mPa.s and absolute methanol in a molar ratio of 1:10, using 1.5% of alkali catalyst sodium hydroxide, reacting at 65 ℃ for 30min, standing for layering after the reaction is finished, washing an upper layer liquid by using distilled water until no milky white substance is obviously formed in a water phase, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate accounting for 0% of the total mass l into the washed liquid to remove residual water, heating a diesel oil phase to 120 ℃ under normal pressure, recovering glycerol and evaporated methanol, and removing the biodiesel when an oil layer becomes a light yellow transparent liquid. The viscosity of the prepared biodiesel is 25mPa.s, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value) is 9.
(2) Preparing a flax oil feeding solution: the mass percent of the biodiesel is 88 percent, the mass percent of the rapid penetrating agent T is 1 percent, the mass percent of the antistatic agent SN is 1 percent, the emulsifier is a mixture consisting of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) and sorbitan monooleate (span 80) in a mass ratio of 3:5, the mass percent is 10 percent, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB value) is 9.
(3) And (3) oil feeding, humidifying and health preserving of flax: (1) oil feeding: the mass ratio of the flax to the oil feeding solution is 1:8, and the dosage of the flax oil agent in the oil feeding solution is 3% of the dry weight of the flax. The emulsification time of the flax oil agent is 30min, the emulsification temperature is 25 ℃, and the stirring speed is 500r/min. (2) Stacking and preserving health: the warehousing time is 36 hours, so that the moisture regain of the flax is 20 percent, and the oil content is 2 percent.
The quality ratio of the 36tex pure flax yarn spun on cotton spinning equipment by the traditional vegetable oil oiling (the oil preparation ratio, the oiling process and the spinning method are consistent with the embodiment) in the embodiment is as follows:
table 3 36tex pure flax yarn quality comparison
As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the traditional vegetable oil feeding effect, the oil content of the present embodiment is improved by 6.63%; compared with the flax yarn spun by the traditional vegetable oil, the breaking strength of the prepared flax yarn is improved by 5.26 percent, the hairiness is reduced by 5.10 percent, and the yarn evenness is reduced by 2.30 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A flax short fiber dry spinning oil feeding humidification health preserving process comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing vegetable oil, anhydrous methanol and alkali, carrying out alkali catalytic reaction to obtain biodiesel, and then compounding with a penetrating agent, an antistatic agent and an emulsifier to obtain a flax oil agent;
(2) And (2) mixing the flax oil agent obtained in the step (1) with water, uniformly spraying the obtained oil feeding solution on the surface of flax fibers, emulsifying, and warehousing for health preservation.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil in step (1) is rapeseed oil, and the viscosity of the rapeseed oil is 60 to 80mpa.s; the base is sodium hydroxide.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the vegetable oil to the anhydrous methanol in the step (1) is 1:3 to 10 percent, and the dosage of the alkali is 0.8 to 1.5 percent of the weight of the vegetable oil.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in the step (1) is 30-65 ℃ and the reaction time is 30-60 min.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the biodiesel in the step (1) is 15-25mPa.s, and the hydrophile-lipophile balance value is 7-9.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the penetrant in the step (1) is a fast penetrant T; the antistatic agent is an antistatic agent SN; the emulsifier is as follows: the mass ratio of 3:5-7, the mixture of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and sorbitan monooleate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the emulsifier is 7-9.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the flax oil in the step (1), the mass percent of the biodiesel is 74-88%, the mass percent of the penetrating agent is 1-3%, the mass percent of the antistatic agent is 1-3%, and the mass percent of the emulsifier is 10-20%.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the flax oil agent in the oiling solution in the step (2) is 1-3% of the dry weight of the flax fiber, and the mass ratio of the flax fiber to the oiling solution is 1:6-8.
9. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emulsifying time in the step (2) is 10-30 min, the emulsifying temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the emulsifying stirring speed is 500-800 r/min.
10. The process according to claim 1, wherein the stacking time in the step (2) is 24 to 36 hours.
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| US20080200358A1 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2008-08-21 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Oiling Agent for Fiber Treatment |
| CN101230541A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2008-07-30 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 | Hemp softening oil, preparation method and use thereof |
| CN101818379A (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-01 | 江西东亚芭纤股份有限公司 | Flax fibers and preparation method thereof |
| CN102677466A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-09-19 | 芜湖金亚特亚麻科技有限公司 | Flax oiling and moisturizing preserving process |
| CN104805555A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-07-29 | 江苏工程职业技术学院 | Production technology of pure spinning yarns of polyethylene fibers with ultra-high molecular weight |
| US20200347546A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-11-05 | Landa Labs (2012) Ltd. | Methods for textile treatment |
| CN110592951A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-12-20 | 阜阳恒泰纺织有限公司 | Pretreatment method of flax-terylene blended yarn |
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| CN115198523B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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