CN115196836A - Method and system for treating coal gasification industrial grey water - Google Patents
Method and system for treating coal gasification industrial grey water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for treating coal gasification industrial grey water, and relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The treatment method of the coal gasification industrial grey water comprises the step of carrying out biochemical treatment on the grey water before hardness removal so as to destroy NH of a water body 4 Cl‑NH 3 And (4) buffering the environment. After ammonia nitrogen is removed, the wastewater is subjected to hardness removal treatment, the dosage of the medicament is 20-30% of that of the conventional double-alkali method, and the technical problem that when the hardness of the grey water is directly removed by adopting the double-alkali method, a large amount of medicament is consumed when the pH is adjusted, and further the content of soluble salts in the water body is seriously increased is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method and a system for treating coal gasification industrial grey water.
Background
The grey water generated by coal gasification industry, such as AP furnace and space furnace, is a kind of waste water discharged by coal gasification industry with a large proportion, and is characterized by containing a large amount of pollutants such as hardness, ammonia nitrogen, COD, SS and the like, and the waste water is generally required to be reused for production due to large water amount; under the conditions of high hardness, high water temperature and the like, the scale inhibitor and the dispersing agent are very easy to separate out and harden under the combined action of other pollutants, so that the equipment is polluted and blocked, and the continuous operation of a coal gasification industrial device is influenced. The ash water hardness removal treatment process (called slag water system in the industry) also becomes a necessary component of a reasonable and feasible coal gasification process.
At present, the hardness of the slag water system is mostly removed by adopting a double-alkali method. The double-alkali method is a very mature hardness removal process, and the main mode is that under the condition of high pH, the calcium and magnesium hardness in water is converted into insoluble substances by utilizing the common reaction of calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and the like so as to achieve the purpose of removing the hardness; after the hardness is removed, other pollutants are removed by adopting other processes according to the situation or are directly recycled. The process flow is shown in figure 1:
due to the existence of ammonia nitrogen and chlorine radical in the water bodyIs very prone to form NH 4 Cl-NH 3 The environment is buffered, a large amount of medicaments are consumed when the pH is adjusted, the content of soluble salts in the water body is increased seriously, the adverse effect on the service life of equipment is obvious, the running cost is high, COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water cannot be effectively removed, pollutants can be accumulated slowly, and other processes still need to be connected for removal. Therefore, how to improve the grey water treatment process is a problem to be solved.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating coal gasification industrial grey water, which is used for relieving the technical problem that the hardness of the grey water is removed by adopting a double-alkali method, and a large amount of medicament is consumed when the pH is adjusted, so that the content of soluble salts in a water body is seriously increased.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a treatment system for coal gasification industrial grey water which allows the above mentioned problems to be alleviated.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the invention, a method of treating coal gasification industrial grey water is provided that includes a double alkali process for de-hardening biochemically treated grey water.
Preferably, the biochemical treatment is carried out without using a fixed biofilm method;
preferably, the aerobic process in the biochemical treatment does not adopt a micropore aeration mode for introducing oxygen.
Preferably, the biochemical treatment adopts an A/O process; or, biochemical treatment is carried out by adopting an aerobic process.
Preferably, the anoxic section and the aerobic section of the A/O process respectively and independently adopt an MBBR process or an activated sludge process.
Preferably, the biochemical treatment is performed only by an aerobic process, and the aerobic process is performed by an MBBR process or an activated sludge process.
Preferably, the de-hardening treatment comprises adding alkali, carbonate, flocculant and coagulant to the grey water;
preferably, the base comprises calcium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide;
preferably, the carbonate salt comprises sodium carbonate;
preferably, the coagulant comprises at least one of aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and PAC;
preferably, the coagulant is PAC, and the feeding amount of the PAC is 0.1-1 kg per ton of water;
preferably, the flocculant preferably comprises anionic PAM;
preferably, the feeding amount of the anionic PAM is 1-10 g per ton of water;
preferably, the hardness removal treatment is carried out in a high-efficiency sedimentation tank, a magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank or a micro-sand sedimentation tank;
preferably, the anionic PAM, PAC, base and sodium carbonate are fed into the de-hardbanding reactor.
Preferably, in the reactor for biochemical treatment, the sludge is cultured and acclimated to contain one or more of the following microorganisms: one or more of Alcaligenes, bacillus, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, paracoccus, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, nitrosomonas, pseudonitrobacter, denitribacter, sphaerobacter, and Saccharomyces.
Preferably, the temperature of the grey water is reduced to below 37 ℃ before biochemical treatment;
preferably, the grey water temperature is first reduced to 30-35 ℃ before the biochemical treatment.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a treatment system of the coal gasification industry grey water, which comprises a reactor for biochemical treatment and a reactor for hardness removal treatment in sequence according to the flow direction of the grey water;
preferably, the reactor for biochemical treatment comprises an aerobic tank; the reactor for the hardness removal treatment comprises a high-efficiency sedimentation tank or an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank;
preferably, the reactor for biochemical treatment further comprises an anoxic tank;
preferably, the improved high-efficiency sedimentation Chi Xuanzi is a magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank or a micro-sand sedimentation tank;
preferably, the device also comprises a cooling area which is arranged in the biochemical treatment area in front, and a heat exchange or cooling device is arranged in the cooling area;
preferably, the heat exchange or cooling device is a device suitable for the total hardness of the water body to be more than 800 mg/l;
preferably, the heat exchange or cooling device is a shell and tube heat exchange or cooling device.
Preferably, the system sequentially comprises a temperature reduction area, a biochemical treatment area and a hardness removal area according to the flowing direction of grey water;
the biochemical treatment area comprises an aerobic pool, or the biochemical treatment area comprises an anoxic pool and an aerobic pool;
the anoxic tank is provided with an anoxic tank stirrer; the aerobic tank is matched with an oxygen introducing device; the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank are matched with a circulating system for nitrifying liquid reflux;
the hardness removal area comprises a high-efficiency sedimentation tank or an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank; the high-efficiency sedimentation tank or the improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank is provided with a coagulation tank, a flocculation tank and an inclined tube sedimentation tank in sequence from the flowing-in direction to the flowing-out direction of the grey water; the coagulation tank is provided with a fast stirrer, the flocculation tank is provided with a reaction cylinder and a slow stirrer arranged in the reaction cylinder, and the inclined tube sedimentation tank comprises an inclined tube group, a mud level meter and a mud scraper; the high-efficiency sedimentation tank is matched with a reflux pump which enables the sludge to flow back to the flocculation tank or the coagulation tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the treatment method of the coal gasification industrial grey water provided by the invention carries out biochemical treatment on the grey water before hardness removal, removes COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN, alkalinity and the like, especially removes the ammonia nitrogen, and destroys NH of a water body 4 Cl-NH 3 And (4) buffering the environment. Then the wastewater is subjected to the hardness removal treatment, the dosage of the medicament can be reduced to 20-30% of that of the conventional double-alkali method, and the salt content is basically not changed; the electric charge and the pool capacity are both reduced by more than 30 percent compared with the conventional treatment method; the construction investment is only increased by about 10% compared with the conventional treatment method, and the treatment capacity is improvedMore stable, and the control parameter adjustment is more convenient and faster.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of prior art hardness removal;
FIG. 2 is a biochemical treatment zone and a de-hardening zone of a coal gasification industrial grey water treatment system according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a biochemical treatment zone and a hardness removal zone in a coal gasification industrial grey water treatment system according to example 1 of the present invention.
An icon: 001-anoxic tank agitator; 002-circulating pump; 003-Roots blower; 004-rapid mixer; 005-slow mixer; 006-reaction cylinder; 007-mud scraper; 008-a mud level meter; 009-oblique tube group; 010-reflux pump; 100-a biochemical treatment area; 200-hard removal area; 110-anoxic tank; 120-an aerobic tank; 210-a coagulation tank; 220-a flocculation tank; 240-inclined tube sedimentation tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, a method for treating coal gasification industrial grey water is provided that includes a double alkali process for de-hardening biochemically treated grey water.
Biochemical treatment is one of wastewater treatment modes, and means that pollutants in wastewater are removed by using metabolism of microorganisms; due to the fact thatTherefore, the way of treating wastewater by using microorganisms belongs to the biochemical treatment of the invention. The treatment method provided by the invention does not directly remove hardness, but firstly carries out biochemical treatment on the grey water to remove and consume COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen, TN (total nitrogen), alkalinity and the like in the grey water, and the most main purpose of the biochemical treatment is to convert the ammonia nitrogen in the water body into nitrate nitrogen to destroy NH (NH) of the water body 4 Cl-NH 3 And (4) buffering the environment. The principle is that by utilizing the comprehensive metabolic activity of microbial flora in the biochemical treatment stage, COD, ammonia nitrogen and other pollutants in water can be removed and converted, and particularly NH of a water body is thoroughly destroyed by the conversion of ammonia nitrogen 4 Cl-NH 3 And (4) buffering the environment.
In some alternative embodiments, due to the hardness of grey water, biochemical treatment is not performed by a fixed biological membrane method, for example, biochemical treatment methods such as contact oxidation methods which need to use a fixed biological membrane; for the aerobic process involved in the biochemical treatment, the oxygen is not introduced by a micropore aeration mode, for example, the active sludge method which is not applied to micropore aeration oxygen transfer is not applied.
The biochemical treatment may be carried out by any acceptable process optionally available in the art by one skilled in the art, except for the processes involving fixed biofilm and micro-aeration described above. The particular process selections, as well as the particular operating steps, process parameters, equipment, etc. involved in the selection process, are made in accordance with methods well known in the art and as described in various general and more specific text, reference, manual, instructions for goods, standard documents, equipment specifications, etc., and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
In some alternative embodiments, the biochemical treatment is an A/O (anaerobic/Oxic) process, which is a wastewater treatment process in which a front-stage Anoxic section and a rear-stage aerobic section are connected in series. In the A/O process, grey water firstly passes through an anoxic tank, organic nitrogen in wastewater is converted into ammonia nitrogen by using ammoniation bacteria, the ammonia nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen in the original wastewater enter an aerobic tank, and meanwhile, nitrate nitrogen is converted into gaseous nitrogen by using denitrifying bacteria.
The anoxic and aerobic sections of the A/O process may be, for example, but not limited to, BAF biological aerated filter, MBBR fluidized bed biofilm reactor, SBR and its modified CASS process, oxidation ditch process, non-microporous aeration mode or non-aerated activated sludge process.
In some preferred embodiments, the anoxic and aerobic sections of the a/O process may alternatively or additionally employ a moving bed biofilm reactor. A Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) is formed by adding a certain amount of suspension carrier filler into a Reactor, wherein the density of the suspension carrier filler is close to that of water, the suspension carrier filler is in a completely mixed state with the water, moves along with water flow and has a large specific surface area, and each carrier is a micro-Reactor to form activated sludge growing in a suspension manner and a Biofilm growing in an attached manner.
In some preferred embodiments, an anoxic section and an aerobic section in the A/O process are both composed of MBBR, and the A/O process composed of MBBR is used, wherein the anoxic section can remove more than 80% of COD and then enter the aerobic section, ammonia nitrogen is completely converted into nitrate nitrogen in an oxygen supply state, meanwhile, a nitrifying liquid flows back to the aerobic section, TN is removed while COD is removed, and all pollutants except hardness can be basically completely consumed or converted at one time; compared with the aerobic MBBR process, the A/O process formed by using the MBBR only needs to increase the tank volume by about 10 percent, but can reduce the tank volume by more than 30 percent compared with the biochemical treatment after direct hardness removal.
In some preferred embodiments, the anoxic and aerobic sections of the a/O process may alternatively or additionally employ an activated sludge process. Activated sludge is a general term for microbial populations and their attached organic and inorganic substances, and the activated sludge process is a biological wastewater treatment method mainly using activated sludge, which utilizes biological coagulation, adsorption and metabolism of activated sludge to decompose and remove pollutants in wastewater, and then separates sludge from water.
In some alternative embodiments, the biochemical treatment is performed using only aerobic processes, such as direct use of aerobic processes, preferably MBBR processes or activated sludge processes, with suitably extended residence times due to the presence of COD. In the reactor for biochemical treatment, the sludge contains one or more of the following microorganisms after culture and acclimation: the biochemical treatment process contains one or more of Alcaligenes, bacillus, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, acidobacterium, paracoccus, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, nitrosomonas, nitrosococcus, pseudonitrobacter, denitribacter, stenobacter, and yeast.
The biochemically treated grey water is de-hardened by a double alkali method. The double alkali method is characterized in that under the condition of high pH, calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and the like are utilized to react together, the hardness of calcium and magnesium in water is converted into insoluble substances and the insoluble substances are discharged, so that the purpose of removing the hardness is achieved.
The biochemically treated grey water is then subjected to hardness removal treatment, and the hardness of the water body can be completely removed only by adding a small amount of alkali, such as sodium hydroxide and/or calcium hydroxide, and agents such as sodium carbonate, a coagulant, a flocculant and the like. The waste water is biochemically treated, a large amount of alkalinity is consumed while ammonia nitrogen is converted, residual alkalinity is very low or even zero when hardness removal treatment is carried out, and hardness in water is completely converted into permanent hardness, so that the dosage of a medicament can be greatly reduced, and the dosage can be reduced by more than 70 percent compared with that of direct medicament hardness removal of grey water.
In the step of hardness removal treatment, an alkaline reagent is removed and a coagulant and a flocculant are added. The coagulant is used for neutralizing the negative electricity on the surfaces of the particles in the grey water, and the particles are mutually combined and enlarged through the actions of collision, surface adsorption, van der Waals attractive force and the like, so that the particles are separated from the water. Flocculants are generally polymeric chains of polymers that are used to bridge the suspended particles and promote particle-to-particle aggregation. The coagulant and flocculant may be selected from art-accepted coagulants and flocculants such as, but not limited to, aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), or anionic Polyacrylamide (PAM).
In some preferred embodiments, the double alkali de-hardening is performed in a high efficiency sedimentation tank, a magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank, or a micro sand sedimentation tank. Taking a high-efficiency sedimentation tank as an example, the tank consists of a coagulation tank, a flocculation tank and an inclined tube sedimentation tank. Firstly, fully mixing and reacting various added medicaments with wastewater in a coagulation tank and a flocculation tank by using a rapid stirrer and a slow stirrer to form floccules, quickly settling the floccules which are easy to settle in an inclined tube sedimentation tank, capturing small floccules which are difficult to settle by inclined tubes in the inclined tube sedimentation tank and sliding the small floccules to a sludge area, and performing sludge-water separation under the combined action of an inclined tube group consisting of the inclined tubes and a sludge scraper; and simultaneously, a sludge level meter is used for monitoring the height of the sludge level in the tank and automatically controlling part of the sludge to flow back to the reaction cylinder of the flocculation tank, so that the sludge flocculation effect is enhanced, and finally the wastewater after hardness removal is obtained.
The magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank or the micro-sand sedimentation tank is an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank, and magnetic powder or micro-sand is added into the high-efficiency sedimentation tank respectively to increase the flocculation effect. Meanwhile, the improved efficient sedimentation tank is correspondingly provided with a device for separating, collecting and recycling magnetic powder or micro-sand.
PAC is preferably used as the coagulant, and the adding amount of PAC is preferably 0.1-1 kg per ton of water; PAC, calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are co-fed into a coagulation tank; the flocculating agent preferably uses anionic PAM, and the adding amount of the anionic PAM is preferably 1-10 g per ton of water; PAM is preferably added to the flocculation basin.
In some preferred embodiments, the grey water temperature is reduced to below 37 ℃ prior to the biochemical treatment, preferably to between 30 and 35 ℃ prior to the biochemical treatment.
In some preferred embodiments, the cooling is preferably a heat exchange or cooling device which is not easy to block and is convenient to clean and maintain, and is preferably a shell and tube heat exchange device.
According to another aspect of the present invention, based on the above inventive concept, the present invention also provides a treatment system for coal gasification industrial grey water, which comprises a reactor for biochemical treatment and a reactor for hardness removal treatment in sequence according to the flow direction of the grey water; wherein the reactor for biochemical treatment preferably comprises an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank to realize an A/O process; the reactor for hardness removal treatment comprises a high-efficiency sedimentation tank or an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank, such as a magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank or a micro-sand sedimentation tank, and if the improved sedimentation tank is used, a magnetic powder or micro-sand separation, collection and recycling device is also needed.
In some preferred embodiments, the treatment system further comprises a cooling zone arranged in front of the biochemical treatment zone, wherein a heat exchange or cooling device is arranged in the cooling zone; the heat exchange or cooling device preferably comprises heat exchange/cooling equipment and the like with less strict hardness requirements, such as a heat exchanger and a water cooling tower with less strict hardness requirements; the less stringent requirement on hardness refers to a heat exchange or temperature reduction device capable of being used under the condition that the total hardness of water is more than 800 mg/l.
In some preferred embodiments, the heat exchange or temperature reduction device is preferably a shell and tube heat exchange or temperature reduction device.
In some preferred embodiments, the cooling zone, the biochemical treatment zone and the hardness removal zone are included in sequence with respect to the grey water flow direction. The biochemical treatment area comprises an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank, and the anoxic tank is provided with an anoxic tank stirrer; the aerobic tank is matched with an oxygen introducing device; the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank are matched with a circulating system for nitrifying liquid reflux.
The hardness removal area comprises a high-efficiency sedimentation tank or an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank, and the high-efficiency sedimentation tank or the improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank is provided with a coagulation tank, a flocculation tank and an inclined tube sedimentation tank in sequence from the inflow direction to the outflow direction of grey water; the coagulation tank is provided with a fast stirrer, the flocculation tank is provided with a reaction cylinder and a slow stirrer arranged in the reaction cylinder, and the inclined tube sedimentation tank comprises an inclined tube group, a mud level meter and a mud scraper; the high-efficiency sedimentation tank is matched with a reflux pump which enables the sludge to flow back to the flocculation tank or the coagulation tank.
The technical scheme and the technical effect of the invention are further explained by combining the preferred embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a treatment system of coal gasification industrial grey water, which comprises a cooling zone, a biochemical treatment zone 100 and a hardness removal zone 200 in sequence according to the flow direction of the grey water;
the cooling area is provided with a tubular heat exchange device for cooling the grey water to below 35 ℃; the biochemical treatment area 100 and the hardness-removing area 200 are shown in fig. 2 and 3;
the biochemical treatment area consists of an anoxic tank 110 and an aerobic tank 120, wherein an anoxic tank stirrer 001 is arranged in the anoxic tank 110 and is used for enabling the entering grey water to flow and enabling the MBBR filler put into the anoxic tank to flow along with water; the aerobic tank 120 is used for realizing an aerobic MBBR process; the aerobic tank is communicated with a blower, and the blower is selected from a Roots blower 003; the biochemical treatment area 100 is provided with a circulating pump 002 for making the nitrified liquid in the aerobic tank 120 flow back to the anoxic tank 110.
The hard removal zone 200 of this embodiment comprises a high efficiency settling tank; the high-efficiency sedimentation tank is sequentially provided with a coagulation tank 210, a flocculation tank 220 and an inclined tube sedimentation tank 240 in the direction from the inflow direction to the outflow direction of grey water;
the coagulation tank 210 is provided with a rapid stirrer 004, the rotating speed of the rapid stirrer is 80-120 r/min, the grey water flowing out of the biochemical treatment area 100 firstly flows into the coagulation tank 210, the coagulation tank 210 is used for adding coagulant, alkali and sodium carbonate, and the coagulant is rapidly dispersed and mixed with the biochemically treated grey water under the action of the rapid stirrer 004;
the flocculation tank 220 is used for adding a flocculating agent, a slow stirrer 005 is arranged in the flocculation tank 220, the rotating speed of the slow stirrer 005 is 15-30 r/min, the flocculation tank 220 is used for adding the flocculating agent, the coagulated ash water enters the flocculation tank 220 from the bottom of the reaction cylinder 006, stirring paddles are uniformly mixed from bottom to top, suspended solids in the water are sheared under the slow stirrer 005 in the flocculation tank 220, and a larger flocculating body easy to settle is formed.
The grey water flowing out of the flocculation tank 220 flows into the inclined tube sedimentation tank 240; the flocs which are easy to precipitate in the inclined tube sedimentation tank 240 are quickly settled, the tiny flocs which are not available and difficult to precipitate are intercepted by the inclined tube group 009 in the inclined tube sedimentation tank 240 and slide to the sludge area, and the inclined tube sedimentation tank 240 comprises an inclined tube group 009, a sludge level meter 008 and a sludge scraper 007; the mud and water separation is carried out on the ash and water under the combined action of the inclined pipe group 009 and the mud scraper 007; meanwhile, the height of the sludge level in the tank is monitored by the sludge level meter 008, the reflux pump 010 is automatically controlled to reflux the sludge to the reaction cylinder 006 of the flocculation tank 220, the sludge flocculation effect is enhanced, and finally, the water after hardness removal is collected and discharged through a tank top water collecting tank.
The inclined pipe group 009 has an inclination angle of 60 degrees, an inclined pipe diameter of 50mm, an inclined length of 1.5 meters and an inclination angle of 60 degrees, the clear water zone protection height of the inclined pipe sedimentation tank 240 is 1.5 meters, and the bottom water distribution zone height is 2 meters.
The sedimentation tank is provided with a reflux pump 010 which is used for leading the activated sludge to reflux to the flocculation tank 220, and the reflux percentage of the sludge is 3-10 percent; the mass concentration of the sludge in the reaction area of the flocculation tank 220 is 1000-2000 mg/L. The sludge level of the sedimentation tank is controlled to be 1-1.5 m.
The surface load of the produced water of the high-efficiency sedimentation tank is not more than 20m 3 /m 2 H; hydraulic retention time HRT coagulation basin 210: 2-5 min; a flocculation tank 220: 5-10 min.
Example 2
This example provides a method of treating coal gasification industrial grey water using the treatment system provided in example 1.
The temperature of the grey water is reduced to about 35 ℃ through the cooling zone, and then the grey water flows through the biochemical treatment zone 100 for biochemical treatment, the biochemical treatment of the embodiment adopts an A/O process, anoxic section treatment of the A/O process is carried out in the anoxic tank 110, and aerobic section treatment of the A/O process is carried out in the aerobic tank 120; the anoxic section and the aerobic section both adopt MBBR processes, and specifically MBBR fillers are respectively fed into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank; MBBR has a specific surface area of 500m 2 /m 3 The three-ring cylindrical filler has the height of 10mm, the diameter of 25mm and the density of 0.96t/m 3 (ii) a The filling ratio of the anoxic pond and the aerobic pond Chi Tianliao is 20 percent; the MBBR filler flows with water in the anoxic tank 110 by means of an anoxic tank stirrer 001, and the flow velocity of water flow at each position in the anoxic tank is at least 0.3m/s, generally 0.5m/s; blowing air into the aerobic tank by a Roots blower 003, and controlling DO to be 2-3 mg/l; the reflux ratio of the nitrifying liquid is 150 percent.
The types of microorganisms mainly contained in the sludge in the biochemical treatment area 100 after culture and domestication are as follows: one or more of Alcaligenes, bacillus, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, paracoccus, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, nitrosomonas, pseudonitrobacter, denitribacter, sphaerobacter, and Saccharomyces.
The grey water treated by the biochemical treatment area 100 flows through a high-efficiency sedimentation tank, calcium hydroxide, a coagulant PAC and sodium carbonate are sequentially fed into the coagulation tank, and 0.2-0.25 kg of PAC, 250g of calcium hydroxide and 680g of sodium carbonate are fed into each ton of water; feeding flocculant anion PAM (with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand) into a flocculation tank, and feeding 2-2.5 g of flocculant anion PAM into each ton of water; the biochemically treated grey water is discharged after being precipitated and hardness-removed by the high-efficiency sedimentation tank, and the water quality is measured.
Example 3
The temperature of the grey water is reduced to about 35 ℃ through the cooling zone, and then the grey water flows through the biochemical treatment zone 100 for biochemical treatment, wherein the biochemical treatment adopts an A/O process, anoxic section treatment of the A/O process is carried out in the anoxic tank 110, and aerobic section treatment of the A/O process is carried out in the aerobic tank 120; the anoxic section and the aerobic section both adopt an activated sludge process, activated sludge flows with water in the anoxic tank 110 by means of an anoxic tank stirrer 001, MLSS is controlled to be 3500-4500 mg/l, DO is controlled to be 0.2-0.5 mg/l, and the flow velocity of water flow at each position in the anoxic tank is lowest 0.3m/s, generally 0.4m/s; oxygen is blown into the aerobic tank by a Roots blower 003, MLSS is controlled to be 4500-5500 mg/l, and DO is controlled to be 2-4 mg/l; the reflux ratio of the nitrifying liquid is 200 percent.
The types of microorganisms mainly contained in the sludge in the biochemical treatment area 100 after culture and domestication are as follows: one or more of Alcaligenes, bacillus, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, paracoccus, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, nitrosomonas, pseudonitrobacter, denitribacter, sphaerobacter, and Saccharomyces.
The grey water treated by the biochemical treatment area 100 flows through a high-efficiency sedimentation tank, calcium hydroxide, a coagulant PAC and sodium carbonate are sequentially fed into the coagulation tank, and 0.2-0.3 kg of PAC, 250g of calcium hydroxide and 680g of sodium carbonate are fed into each ton of water; feeding flocculant anion PAM (with the molecular weight of 800 ten thousand) into a flocculation tank, and feeding 2.5-3 g of flocculant anion PAM into each ton of water;
the biochemically treated grey water is discharged after being precipitated and hardness removed by a high-efficiency sedimentation tank, and then the water quality is measured.
Examples of effects
The coal gasification industrial grey water is purified by the treatment method provided in example 2, and the removal effect is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
| Item | COD(mg/L) | Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) | Calcium hardness (mg/L) | Total hardness (mg/L) |
| Average initial advance | 360 | 150 | 550 | 600 |
| Average final yield | 60～80 | 10～20 | ＜100 | ＜100 |
| Removal efficiency | ～80％ | ～90％ | ＞80％ | ＞85％ |
As can be seen from the above table, the grey water treatment method provided in example 1 can effectively remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, calcium hardness and total hardness in the grey water, and the effective removal rate of each item can at least reach 80%. And the addition amount of the medicinal agent in the grey water treatment method provided according to example 2It can be seen that the treatment method provided in example 2 significantly reduces the amount of the added agent compared to the two-base method of the prior art. According to the detection results, the reduction of the dosage of the medicament can also effectively reduce the hardness of the grey water, and the setting of the biochemical treatment area can effectively remove and consume COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN, alkalinity and the like, particularly ammonia nitrogen and NH destroying the water body 4 Cl-NH 3 The environment is buffered, the dosage of the medicament in the step of hardness removal is reduced, and the hardness removal effect of the grey water is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The treatment method of the coal gasification industrial grey water is characterized by comprising the step of carrying out hardness removal treatment on the biochemically treated grey water by adopting a double-alkali method.
2. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the biochemical treatment is carried out without using a fixed biofilm method;
preferably, the aerobic process in the biochemical treatment does not adopt a micropore aeration mode for introducing oxygen.
3. The treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the biochemical treatment employs an a/O process; or, biochemical treatment is carried out only by adopting an aerobic process.
4. The treatment method according to claim 3, wherein the anoxic section and the aerobic section of the A/O process are each independently conducted by MBBR process or activated sludge process.
5. The treatment method according to claim 3, wherein the biochemical treatment is carried out by an aerobic process only, and the aerobic process is an MBBR process or an activated sludge process.
6. A treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the de-hardening treatment comprises adding alkali, carbonate, flocculant and coagulant to the grey water;
preferably, the base comprises calcium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide;
preferably, the carbonate salt comprises sodium carbonate;
preferably, the coagulant comprises at least one of aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and PAC;
preferably, the coagulant is PAC, and the feeding amount of the PAC is 0.1-1 kg per ton of water;
preferably, the flocculating agent preferably comprises anionic PAM;
preferably, the feeding amount of the anionic PAM is 1-10 g per ton of water;
preferably, the hardness removal treatment is carried out in a high-efficiency sedimentation tank, a magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank or a micro-sand sedimentation tank;
preferably, the anionic PAM, PAC, base and sodium carbonate are fed into the de-hardbanding reactor.
7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reactor for biochemical treatment comprises one or more of the following microorganisms after acclimation of sludge culture: one or more of Alcaligenes, bacillus, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, moelleria, paracoccus, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, nitrosomonas, pseudonitrobacter, denitrirobacter, sphaerobacter, and Saccharomyces.
8. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the grey water temperature is reduced to below 37 ℃ prior to the biochemical treatment;
preferably, the grey water temperature is first reduced to 30-35 ℃ before the biochemical treatment.
9. The treatment system of the coal gasification industrial grey water is characterized by comprising a reactor for biochemical treatment and a reactor for hardness removal treatment in sequence according to the flow direction of the grey water;
preferably, the reactor for biochemical treatment comprises an aerobic tank; the reactor for the hardness removal treatment comprises a high-efficiency sedimentation tank or an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank;
preferably, the reactor for biochemical treatment further comprises an anoxic tank;
preferably, the improved high-efficiency sedimentation Chi Xuanzi is a magnetic coagulation sedimentation tank or a micro-sand sedimentation tank;
preferably, the device also comprises a cooling area which is arranged in the biochemical treatment area in front, and a heat exchange or cooling device is arranged in the cooling area;
preferably, the heat exchange or cooling device is a device suitable for the total hardness of the water body to be more than 800 mg/l;
preferably, the heat exchange or cooling device is a shell and tube heat exchange or cooling device.
10. The treatment system of claim 9, comprising a cooling zone, a biochemical treatment zone, and a de-hardening zone in sequence in the grey water flow direction;
the biochemical treatment area comprises an aerobic pool, or the biochemical treatment area comprises an anoxic pool and an aerobic pool;
the anoxic tank is provided with an anoxic tank stirrer; the aerobic tank is matched with an oxygen introducing device; the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank are matched with a circulating system for nitrifying liquid reflux;
the hardness removal area comprises a high-efficiency sedimentation tank or an improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank; the high-efficiency sedimentation tank or the improved high-efficiency sedimentation tank is provided with a coagulation tank, a flocculation tank and an inclined tube sedimentation tank in sequence from the flowing-in direction to the flowing-out direction of the grey water; the coagulation tank is provided with a rapid stirrer, the flocculation tank is provided with a reaction cylinder and a slow stirrer arranged in the reaction cylinder, and the inclined tube sedimentation tank comprises an inclined tube group, a mud level meter and a mud scraper; the high-efficiency sedimentation tank is matched with a reflux pump which enables the sludge to flow back to the flocculation tank or the coagulation tank.
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