CN115195405A

CN115195405A - Electric automobile thermal management system and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN115195405A
Application number: CN202211042695.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王文龙; 李双岐; 胡选哲; 马元节; 姚远
Original assignee: Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd; Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd; Zhejiang Liankong Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2022-10-18

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an electric automobile thermal management system and electric automobile, electric automobile thermal management system includes: a plurality of passages including a motor passage, a battery passage and a refrigerant passage; the motor is used as a temperature rising device of a motor passage, and the battery is used as a temperature rising device of a battery passage; the main valve is a multi-way valve and comprises a plurality of outlets, one or more of the outlets are communicated with the plurality of passages outside the main valve, the outlets are communicated with each other in pairs inside the main valve, the main valve comprises a plurality of communication modes, and the outlets communicated with each other in pairs are different in different communication modes, so that the refrigerant passage and the passages form different loops. The application also provides an electric automobile, including at least one set of motor, passenger cabin, battery and as above-mentioned electric automobile thermal management system. The electric automobile heat management system provided by the application adopts a multi-way water valve switching communication mode to realize that heat is transferred according to actual requirements, so that the arrangement space is simple and the cost is lower while energy conservation is ensured.

Description

Electric automobile thermal management system and electric automobile

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to an electric automobile heat management system and an electric automobile.

Background

An HVAC system (heating, ventilation and air conditioning system) in an automobile thermal management system provides an environment which is warm in winter and cool in summer for a passenger compartment, a battery and a motor of an electric automobile can generate heat in the driving process and can also be used for heating the passenger compartment, and the waste heat of the motor generally needs to pass through the battery when heating the passenger compartment, so that the temperature range of the waste heat utilization is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide an electric automobile thermal management system and an electric automobile, adopt a many water valves can switch different intercommunication modes, shift the heat according to actual demand, make when guaranteeing energy-conservation arrange the space simple again, the cost is lower.

One aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electric automobile thermal management system, electric automobile includes motor, battery and passenger cabin, and electric automobile thermal management system includes:

a plurality of passages, one or more of said passages comprising a temperature raising device;

the passages comprise a motor passage for adjusting the motor temperature of the motor, a battery passage for adjusting the battery temperature of the battery, a refrigerant passage for adjusting the passenger compartment temperature of the passenger compartment; the motor serves as the temperature increasing device of the motor path, and the battery serves as the temperature increasing device of the battery path;

the main valve is a multi-way valve and comprises a plurality of outlets, one or more of the outlets are arranged outside the main valve and communicated with the passages, the outlets are communicated in the main valve in a pairwise manner, the main valve comprises a plurality of communication modes, and the outlets communicated in pairwise manner are different in different communication modes, so that the refrigerant passage and the passages form different loops.

Optionally, the main valve comprises a first communication mode, in which, the main valve controls all the passages communicated with the outlet of the main valve to be connected in series to form a loop.

Optionally, the main valve includes a second communication mode, and in the second communication mode, the refrigerant passage is communicated with the motor passage and is not communicated with the battery passage

Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further includes an electric vehicle air conditioner loop and a water chiller, the multiple passages further include a water chiller passage, and the water chiller passage and the electric vehicle air conditioner loop are respectively communicated with the water chiller; and under the second communication mode, the water cooler passage is communicated with the battery passage and is not communicated with the motor passage.

Optionally, the main valve includes a third communication mode, and in the third communication mode, the refrigerant passage is communicated with the battery passage, and the refrigerant passage and the battery passage are not communicated with the motor passage.

Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further includes an electric vehicle air conditioner loop and a water chiller, the plurality of passages further include a water chiller passage, and the water chiller passage and the electric vehicle air conditioner loop are respectively communicated with the water chiller; and under the third communication mode, the water cooler passage is communicated with the motor passage and is not communicated with the battery passage.

Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further includes an electric vehicle air conditioner loop and a water chiller, the plurality of passageways further include a water chiller passageway, the water chiller passageway and the electric vehicle air conditioner loop are respectively communicated with the water chiller, and the water chiller passageway is communicated with both the motor passageway and the battery passageway.

Optionally, the electric vehicle further comprises a second electric machine, and the electric machine path comprises a supplementary electric machine path for adjusting a second electric machine temperature of the second electric machine.

Optionally, a battery three-way valve is further included between the cooling medium passage and the battery passage, and the battery three-way valve is used for controlling whether the cooling medium passage passes through the battery.

Optionally, the motor path further includes a motor three-way valve and a cooling device, the motor three-way valve is used for controlling whether the liquid passes through the cooling device.

The application provides an electric automobile which comprises at least one set of motor, a passenger cabin, a battery and the electric automobile thermal management system, wherein the motor passage is used for regulating the motor temperature of the motor; the battery passage is used for adjusting the battery temperature of the battery; the refrigerant passage is used for adjusting the temperature of a passenger compartment of the electric automobile.

The utility model provides an electric automobile thermal management system realizes the temperature regulation of the different subassemblies of electric automobile through the multi-ported valve for each subassembly remains throughout at the optimum temperature, and owing to only need switch the multi-ported valve and can realize the switching between the different return circuits constitution mode, shifts the heat according to actual demand, makes when guaranteeing energy-conservation again and arranges the space simple, and the cost is lower.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second communication mode of a main valve of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third communication mode of a main valve of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth communication mode of a main valve of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fifth communication manner of a main valve of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second independent communication mode of a main valve of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle of FIG. 1 including a second electric machine;

FIG. 8 is a summary table of six communication modes of the main valve and corresponding thermal management system effects of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of devices consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms a, an, etc. do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. "plurality" or "a number" means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, "front", "rear", "lower" and/or "upper" and the like are for convenience of description and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed as preceding "comprising" or "includes" covers the element or item listed as following "comprising" or "includes" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In order to operate the battery 1221 or the motor 1211 at an optimal temperature to enhance the driving range of the electric vehicle, a heat regulating passage 12 is usually added to regulate the temperature of the battery 1221 or the motor 1211, and on the other hand, an HVAC system (a heating, ventilating and air conditioning system, including the cooling passage 123 and the vehicle air conditioning loop 124) in a vehicle thermal management system needs to provide an environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer for the passenger compartment 1231, and needs to regulate the temperature of the passage 12. This application adopts the multi-ported valve to communicate battery 1221 or motor route 121 and refrigerant route 123 and form the return circuit to realize the heat exchange of refrigerant route 123 and other passageways, and the accessible changes the connected mode of multi-ported valve, changes the composition mode in return circuit. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle thermal management system 11 according to an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 1, the present application provides an electric vehicle thermal management system 11, including: the plurality of passages 12, wherein two or more of the plurality of passages 12 may form a loop, and in some embodiments, the liquid is water, so that a better heat exchange effect can be achieved. In some embodiments, a pump is provided on the passageway 12 to provide a driving force for heat exchange with the flow of liquid. In some embodiments, the passage 12 includes a motor passage 121 for regulating the temperature of the motor 1211, a battery passage 122 for regulating the temperature of the battery 1221, and a cooling medium passage 123 for regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231. In some embodiments, one or more of the pathways 12 include a temperature increasing device, e.g., motor 1211 may act as the temperature increasing device for motor pathway 121 and battery 1221 may act as the temperature increasing device for battery pathway 122. The temperature raising device is used for raising the temperature of the liquid in the passage 12, the temperature of the liquid is raised after the liquid passes through the temperature raising device, and the heat can be transferred to the automobile component on the next passage 12 along with the flow of the liquid, so that the heat transfer is realized.

The electric automobile thermal management system 11 of the present application includes: the main valve 13, the main valve 13 is a multi-way valve, and includes a plurality of outlets 14, one or more of the plurality of outlets 14 communicates with the plurality of passages 12 outside the main valve 13, and the plurality of outlets 14 communicate with each other in pairs inside the main valve 13, the main valve 13 includes a plurality of communication modes, and under different communication modes, the outlets 14 that communicate with each other in pairs are different, and the refrigerant passage 123 and the plurality of passages 12 constitute different loops, in some embodiments, the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application further includes: a main valve controller (not shown) electrically connected to the main valve 13 for controlling the main valve 13 to switch the communication mode. In some embodiments, the main valve controller is controlled by the driver, and in other embodiments, the main valve controller is connected to the vehicle's general processor, which controls the main valve 13 to switch between different communication modes to enable communication between the pathways 12 to exchange heat, depending on the optimal temperatures of the motor 1211, the battery 1221, and the passenger compartment 1231. So the electric automobile thermal management system 11 of this application can realize through utilizing main valve 13 to make up a plurality of passageways 12, constitute different return circuits, so can realize carrying out thermal transfer as required, the electric automobile thermal management system 11 of this application realizes the temperature regulation of the different subassemblies of electric automobile through the multi-ported valve for each subassembly remains at optimum temperature all the time, and owing to only need the multi-ported valve can realize the switching between the different constitution return circuits, so simple structure easily controls, and can save space. In some embodiments, the main valve 13 includes at least six outlets 14, and the six outlets 14 are respectively connected to two ends of the battery passage 122, the motor passage 121, and the cooling medium passage 123.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 further includes a vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and a water chiller 15, the multiple passages 12 further include a water chiller passage 125, the water chiller passage 125 and the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 are respectively communicated with the water chiller 15, such that the water chiller 15 can enable the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller passage 125 to form two parallel branches inside the water chiller 15, one is used for adjusting the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231, the other is cooled by forming a loop with the multiple passages 12 through the water chiller passage 125, two ends of the water chiller passage 125 are connected to two outlets 14 of the main valve 13, and form a loop with the other passages 12 or the main valve 13 in different communication modes, where the main valve 13 at least includes eight outlets 14 respectively connected to two ends of the battery passage 122, the motor passage 121, the refrigerant passage 123 and the water chiller passage 125. In some embodiments, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 further includes a first heat exchanger 1241 and a second heat exchanger 1242, one of which is used as an evaporator and the other is used as a condenser, and is used for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the passenger compartment 1231, so that the temperature adjusting effect is good. In the illustrated embodiment, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller passage 125 are respectively connected to the water chiller 15, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 further includes a water chiller expansion valve 151, and when the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened, the water chiller 15 may also cooperate with the first heat exchanger 1241 to adjust the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231. The water chiller 15 according to the present invention can adjust the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231 by using the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124, or can be configured to be a circuit with another passage 12 by using a different communication mode of the main valve 13 through the water chiller passage 125, thereby adjusting the temperature of the other passage 12. The electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application is highly practical. In the illustrated embodiment, vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 further includes a compressor 1245, a muffler 1246, a coaxial pipe 1247, a receiver 1248, and the like to effect temperature regulation of passenger compartment 1231.

In the illustrated embodiment, the refrigerant passage 123 further includes a refrigerant heat exchanger 1232, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 includes a first heat exchanger 1241, the refrigerant passage 123 is connected to the first heat exchanger 1241, and the first heat exchanger 1241 can cooperate with the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 to adjust the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231. Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a fan 1243 is disposed near the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the second heat exchanger 1242, and the fan 1243 blows flowing air to the passenger compartment 1231 through the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the second heat exchanger 1242, so as to adjust the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231: when the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the second heat exchanger 1242 are evaporators, the effect of refrigerating the passenger compartment 1231 is achieved; when the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the second heat exchanger 1242 are condensers, the heating effect of the passenger compartment 1231 is achieved. In some embodiments, the cooling medium channel 123 may absorb external heat to heat the passenger compartment 1231. When the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is closed, the second heat exchanger 1242 is closed, and the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 does not pass through the fan 1243, so that the cooling and heating effects of the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 on the passenger compartment 1231 are not realized. The electric vehicle thermal management system 11 is reasonable in structure, and can achieve a complex vehicle thermal management process by using simple components, so that a better effect of regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231 is achieved. In some embodiments, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 is not communicated with other passages 12 to form a circuit alone, the water chiller passage 125 is communicated with other passages 12, and the refrigerant passage 123 is connected with the motor passage 121 or the battery passage 122 in different communication modes, so that the better temperature regulation effect of the passenger compartment 1231 is achieved, meanwhile, the energy waste is reduced, and the endurance is improved.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first communication manner of a main valve 13 of an electric vehicle thermal management system 11 according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second communication manner of a main valve 13 of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third communication manner of a main valve 13 of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth communication manner of a main valve 13 of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fifth communication manner of a main valve 13 of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second independent communication mode of the main valve 13 of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

In fig. 1 to 6, the first outlet 1 and the fourth outlet 4 are communicated with each other and are reserved openings of the supplementary motor passage 121 of the electric vehicle provided with the second motor 1212, and fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 including the second motor 1212. In some embodiments, the electric vehicle further includes a second motor 1212, the motor path 121 includes a supplementary motor path 121 for adjusting a temperature of the second motor 1212, and the main valve 13 includes at least ten outlets 14 respectively connected to two ends of the battery path 122, the motor path 121, the refrigerant path 123, the water cooler path 125, and the supplementary motor path 121. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1-2 and 4-6, the motor passage 121 and the supplementary motor passage 121 are connected in series in such a communication manner, and in other embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 7, the motor passage 121 and the water chiller passage 125 are communicated in such a communication manner that the water chiller 15 regulates the temperature of the motor 1211; the supplementary motor path 121 communicates with the battery path 122, and the motor 1211 exchanges heat with the battery 1221. Therefore, the electric automobile heat management system is high in applicability. In other embodiments, the main valve 13 may comprise more than ten outlets 14, thus adapting to different architectures of electric vehicles, ensuring the expandability of the functions.

Referring to fig. 1-7, in some embodiments, a battery three-way valve 16 is further included between the cooling medium passage 123 and the battery passage 122, and the battery three-way valve 16 is used for controlling whether the cooling medium passage 123 passes through the battery 1221. The battery three-way valve 16 can be matched with the main valve 13 to realize different communication modes of the plurality of passages 12. Referring to fig. 1-6, the battery three-way valve 16 includes three battery three-way valve 16 openings: the first battery three-way valve 16 opening, the second battery three-way valve 16 opening, and the third battery three-way valve 16 opening. In some embodiments, the battery three-way valve 16 is a proportional valve, and when the proportion is 0%, the opening of the first battery three-way valve 16 is communicated with the opening of the second battery three-way valve 16, and the refrigerant passage 123 does not pass through the battery 1221 (this case is also equivalent to some embodiments that do not include the battery three-way valve 16); when the ratio is 100%, the opening of the first battery three-way valve 16 is communicated with the opening of the third battery three-way valve 16, and the refrigerant passage 123 passes through the battery 1221; when the ratio is 0-100% middle number, the first battery three-way valve 16 opening, the second battery three-way valve 16 opening and the third battery three-way valve 16 opening are all communicated, the ratio number represents how much percent of the flow in the liquid flows to the second battery three-way valve 16 opening, the rest flows to the third battery three-way valve 16 opening, and the refrigerant passage 123 passes through the battery 1221. Therefore, the electric vehicle battery 1221 management system of the application is high in universality and can meet different heat transfer requirements.

Referring to fig. 1-6, in some embodiments, the motor path 121 further includes a motor three-way valve 17 and a temperature reducer 1213, and the motor three-way valve 17 is used to control whether the liquid passes through the temperature reducer 1213. In some embodiments, the cooling device 1213 is a heat sink, so that the temperature of the liquid passing through the motor passage 121 except the motor 1211 in the motor passage 121 can be raised, and the heat sink can also lower the temperature of the liquid, so that the temperature of the liquid passing through the motor passage 121 is lowered, and when the liquid flows to another passage 12 through the main valve 13, the heat of the other passage 12 can be taken away, so that the effect of cooling the other passage 12 by the motor passage 121 of the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 is achieved, for example, the battery 1221 and the passenger compartment 1231 are cooled in summer, so that the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application has strong practicability. Referring to fig. 1-6, the motor three-way valve 17 includes three motor three-way valve 17 openings: a first motor three-way valve 17 opening, a second motor 1212 three-way valve opening, and a third motor three-way valve 17 opening. In some embodiments, the motor three-way valve 17 is a proportional valve, when the ratio is 0%, the opening of the first motor three-way valve 17 is communicated with the opening of the second motor 1212 three-way valve, and the motor passage 121 does not pass through a heat sink, which is also equivalent to some embodiments that do not include the motor three-way valve 17; when the proportion is 100%, the opening of the first motor three-way valve 17 is communicated with the opening of the third motor three-way valve 17, and the liquid in the motor passage 121 passes through the heat radiator; when the ratio is 0-100% of the middle number, the opening of the first motor three-way valve 17, the opening of the second motor 1212 three-way valve and the opening of the third motor three-way valve 17 are all communicated, the ratio number represents the percentage of the flow in the liquid flowing to the opening of the second motor 1212 three-way valve, and the rest of the flow flows to the opening of the third motor three-way valve 17, so that the temperature can be adjusted. In the illustrated embodiment, both the motor three-way valve 17 and the battery three-way valve 16 may be included, so that the main valve 13 may be cooperated to achieve the effect of more electric vehicle thermal management systems 11.

In some embodiments, the modes of the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 include heating, cooling, or dehumidification; when the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 is in the cooling mode, the second heat exchanger 1242 functions as an evaporator and the first heat exchanger 1241 functions as a condenser, and vice versa. If the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is opened, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 may be used for temperature and humidity regulation of the passenger compartment 1231, and if both the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 and the water chiller expansion valve 151 are closed, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller passage 125 of the vehicle itself are not started at this time.

In some embodiments, the warm air water pump 1233 is provided on the cooling medium passage 123, the motor water pump 1214 is provided on the motor passage 121, and the battery water pump 1222 is provided on the battery passage 122, so that when a circuit is formed by the main valve 13 among the three, or when a circuit is formed by another passage 12 such as the water cooler passage 125 and the second motor passage 121, liquid can flow in the circuit.

In addition to different thermal management effects achieved by switching between different communication modes of the main valve 13, in some embodiments, further in different communication modes, the heat between the battery 1221 and the motor 1211 does not interfere with each other, for example, after the passenger compartment 1231 is heated by using the waste heat of the motor 1211, the battery 1221 is not cooled by passing through the battery passage 122, or when the passenger compartment 1231 is actively heated by the motor 1211, the heat is not consumed by passing through the battery passage 122, which is specifically implemented as follows:

referring to fig. 1-6, in this embodiment, the main valve 13 includes ten outlets 14, and for the sake of illustration, the ten outlets 14 of the main valve 13 are respectively named as a first outlet 1-a tenth outlet 14, which are respectively numbered 1-10. In the illustrated embodiment, the fifth outlet 5 and the eighth outlet 8 are communicated with two ends of the motor passage 121, the fifth outlet 5 is used as an inlet of the motor passage 121, the eighth outlet 8 is used as an outlet 14 of the motor passage 121, the temperature reducing device 1213 is close to the fifth outlet 5, and the motor 1211 is close to the eighth outlet 8; the ninth outlet 9 and the tenth outlet 14 are connected to two ends of the refrigerant passage 123, the tenth outlet 14 is used as an inlet of the refrigerant passage 123, the ninth outlet 9 is used as an outlet 14 of the refrigerant passage 123, the passenger compartment 1231 is close to the fifth outlet 5, and the motor three-way valve 17 is close to the eighth outlet 8; the sixth outlet 6 and the seventh outlet 7 are connected to two ends of the water cooler passage 125, the seventh outlet 7 is used as an inlet of the water cooler passage 125, the sixth outlet 6 is used as an outlet 14 of the water cooler passage 125, and the water cooler 15 is connected between the sixth outlet 6 and the seventh outlet 7; the second outlet 2 and the third outlet 3 are communicated with two ends of the battery passage 122, the second outlet 2 is used as an inlet of the battery passage 122, the third outlet 3 is used as an outlet 14 with the you eating passage 12, the battery three-way valve 16 is close to the fifth outlet 5, and the battery 1221 is close to the third outlet 3.

Fig. 8 is a summary table of the communication modes of the six main valves 13 and the corresponding effects of the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, wherein the first column is the communication mode, the second column is the specific communication mode of the main valves 13, the third column is the opening ratio of the battery three-way valve 16 (when the opening ratio of the battery three-way valve 16 is 0%, the opening of the first battery three-way valve 16 and the opening of the second battery three-way valve 16 are in communication, and the refrigerant passage 123 does not pass through the battery 1221, and is also equivalent to some embodiments not including the battery three-way valve 16), the fourth column is whether the water cooler expansion valve 151 is open, i.e., whether the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 passes through the water cooler 15 or not, and the fifth column is whether the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is open, i.e., whether the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 passes through the second heat exchanger 1242 or not, and the fifth column is the opening ratio of the motor three-way valve 17, (when the opening ratio of the motor 17 is 0%, the opening ratio of the first motor three-way valve 17 and the opening ratio of the second motor 1212 are in communication, and the motor three-way valve 17 is equivalent to some embodiments not including the motor 1223), and the switching of the different embodiments can achieve the different communication modes and the effects of the heat-saving system can not interfere with each other systems can be achieved, and the heat-saving effect of the battery three-way valve 1213 can be achieved by using the heat-way valve 1211, and the heat-way valve can be achieved by using the heat-reducing system, and the three-way valve 1213, and the heat-way valve can be achieved by using the heat-reducing system can not mutually. On the other hand, the present application mainly includes a ten-way valve as the main valve 13, and has a simple structure and a small space.

Referring to fig. 1-6 and 8, six of the various communication modes of the main valve 13 and the corresponding thermal management effects of the thermal management system will be explained in detail, wherein the flow directions of the fluids in fig. 1-6 are all indicated in the figures.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the main valve 13 includes a first communication mode, in which the main valve 13 controls all the passages 12 communicating with the outlet 14 of the main valve 13 to be connected in series to form a loop, and the refrigerant passage 123, the motor passage 121, the battery passage 122 and the water cooler passage 125 are all communicated. In this embodiment, the first outlet 1 communicates with the tenth outlet 14, the third outlet 3 communicates with the fourth outlet 4, the sixth outlet 6 communicates with the second outlet 2, the eighth outlet 8 communicates with the seventh outlet 7, the fifth outlet 5 communicates with the ninth outlet 9, and the opening ratio of the battery three-way valve 16 is in the middle of 0-100%, and the opening ratio of the motor three-way valve 17 is in the middle of 0-100%. In this embodiment, the refrigerant passage 123, the motor passage 121, the battery passage 122, and the water chiller passage 125 are all communicated, so that an opening may be provided at any position in the passage 12 as a liquid injection port or a liquid discharge port, thereby achieving static filling of the liquid in the passage 12, completing the preparation for starting the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application, and when there is a component failure in the passage 12, discharging the liquid for maintenance. Thus, the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application has high maintainability.

Referring to fig. 2 and 8, the main valve 13 includes a second communication mode in which the refrigerant passage 123 is communicated with the motor passage 121 and the refrigerant passage 123 is not communicated with the battery passage 122. Therefore, heat exchange between the cooling medium channel 123 and the motor channel 121 can be realized, and heat cannot escape from the battery channel 122 and the temperature of the battery 1221 cannot be influenced because the heat does not pass through the battery channel 122. The electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application thus has high heat transfer efficiency and low heat loss. On the other hand, the water pump of the battery passage 122 does not need to operate, saving electric power.

The main valve 13 of the illustrated embodiment has a second communication mode in which the first outlet 1 communicates with the tenth outlet 14, the eighth outlet 8 communicates with the fourth outlet 4, the third outlet 3 communicates with the seventh outlet 7, the sixth outlet 6 communicates with the second outlet 2, and the ninth outlet 9 communicates with the fifth outlet 5. In the illustrated embodiment, since the battery three-way valve 16 is included, the ratio of the battery three-way valve 16 needs to be controlled to be 0%, and in other embodiments, the battery three-way valve 16 may not be included, so that the loop formed by the refrigerant path 123 and the motor path 121 is not connected to the battery path 122.

Referring to fig. 2, the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle further includes a vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and a water chiller 15, the plurality of passages 12 further includes a water chiller passage 125, the water chiller passage 125 and the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 are respectively communicated with the water chiller 15, and in the second communication mode, the water chiller passage 125 is communicated with the battery passage 122 and the two are not communicated with the motor passage 121. In the illustrated embodiment, the refrigerant passage 123 and the motor passage 121 form a loop; the water chiller passage 125 and the battery passage 122 constitute a circuit. Next, the various operations of the main valve 13 in the table in the second communication mode will be explained in order.

Referring to fig. 8, when the thermal management system is in the first row of the second communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also opened, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are both activated, when the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 is in the cooling mode, both the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are used as evaporators, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as a condenser, so that the cooling and dehumidifying effects of the passenger compartment 1231 can be realized. In some embodiments, the motor 1211 loop includes the motor three-way valve 17, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor passage 121 passes through the temperature reducing device 1213, at this time, the liquid of the loop flows through the temperature reducing device 1213 of the motor passage 121, the flow direction is as shown, the motor three-way valve 17 is opened to 100%, since the liquid passes through the temperature reducing device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211 first, the cooling effect of the motor 1211 can be achieved, since the refrigerant passage 123 is communicated with the motor passage 121, the refrigerant passage 123 is connected with the first heat exchanger 1241 as a condenser and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 as an evaporator, the refrigerant passage 123 achieves the cooling effect of the passenger compartment 1231 and the cooling effect of the motor 1211 simultaneously, and the two supplement each other to gain each other, and energy is saved. In some embodiments, the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle includes the water cooler 15, and the water cooler 15 cools the water cooler passage 125, and the cooling effect of the battery 1221 can be achieved because the water cooler passage 125 and the battery passage 122 form a loop.

When the thermal management system is in the second row of the second communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened and the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is closed, and at this time, the water chiller 15 is activated, but the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 does not pass through the fan 1243. In some embodiments, the circuit of the motor 1211 includes the motor three-way valve 17, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor passage 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, the liquid in the circuit flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor passage 121, the flow direction is as shown in the figure, the motor three-way valve 17 is opened to 100%, and the cooling effect of the motor 1211 can be achieved because the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211. In some embodiments, the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle includes the water cooler 15, and the water cooler 15 cools the water cooler passage 125, and the cooling effect of the battery 1221 can be achieved because the water cooler passage 125 and the battery passage 122 form a loop.

When the thermal management system is in the third row of the second communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is opened, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 is active, the water chiller 15 is inactive, and the water chiller passage 125 is used only as the connection passage 12 for the battery passage 122. When the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is in the cooling mode, both the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are used as evaporators, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as a condenser, so that the effect of cooling the passenger compartment 1231 can be achieved. In some embodiments, the circuit of the motor 1211 includes the motor three-way valve 17, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor passage 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, at this time, the liquid of the circuit flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor passage 121, the flow direction is as shown in the figure, the motor three-way valve 17 is opened to 100%, since the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211 first, the cooling effect of the motor 1211 can be achieved, since the refrigerant passage 123 is communicated with the motor passage 121, the refrigerant passage 123 is connected with the first heat exchanger 1241 as a condenser and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 as an evaporator, the refrigerant passage 123 achieves the cooling effect of the passenger compartment 1231 and the cooling effect of the motor 1211 simultaneously, and the two gain each other, and energy is saved.

When the thermal management system is in the fourth and fifth row operation conditions of the second communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also closed, at this time, the automobile air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are not started, and the water chiller 15, the second heat exchanger 1242, the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the first heat exchanger 1241 are not started. In some embodiments, the circuit of the motor 1211 includes the motor three-way valve 17, in the operation condition shown in the fifth row, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor passage 121 passes through the temperature reducing device 1213, and at this time, the liquid in the circuit flows through the temperature reducing device 1213 of the motor passage 121, the flow direction is as shown in the figure, and since the liquid passes through the temperature reducing device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211, the cooling effect of the motor 1211 can be achieved; in the operating condition shown in the fourth row, the communication ratio is 0%, the motor passage 121 does not pass through the cooling device 1213, so that the self-heat-preservation effect of the motor 1211 can be realized, and at this time, because the temperature of the liquid in the refrigerant passage 123 is high, the fan 1243 cooperates with the refrigerant passage 123 to realize the heating effect of the passenger compartment 1231.

Referring to fig. 3 and 8, the main valve 13 includes a third communication mode in which the refrigerant passage 123 is communicated with the battery passage 122 and the refrigerant passage 123 is not communicated with the motor passage 121. Therefore, heat exchange between the cooling medium channel 123 and the battery channel 122 can be realized, and heat cannot escape from the motor channel 121 and the temperature of the motor 1211 cannot be influenced because the heat does not pass through the motor channel 121. The electric vehicle thermal management system 11 of the present application thus has high heat transfer efficiency and low heat loss. On the other hand, the water pump of the motor path 121 does not need to work, and electric quantity is saved.

The main valve 13 of the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is in such a way that the first outlet 1 communicates with the second outlet 2, the third outlet 3 communicates with the fourth outlet 4, the sixth outlet 6 communicates with the fifth outlet 5, the seventh outlet 7 communicates with the eighth outlet 8, and the ninth outlet 9 communicates with the tenth outlet 14. In the illustrated embodiment, since the battery three-way valve 16 is included, if the proportion of the battery three-way valve 16 needs to be controlled to be not 0% in order to implement the third communication mode, the battery three-way valve 16 may not be included in other embodiments, at this time, the cooling medium passage 123 needs to be directly connected to the battery passage 122, and the communication between the circuit formed by the cooling medium passage 123 and the motor passage 121 and the battery passage 122 is implemented. In some embodiments, the system includes the battery three-way valve 16, and the main valve 13 further includes a first independent communication mode, where the battery three-way valve 16 is 0%, and the refrigerant passage 123 is not connected to the battery passage 122 and the motor 1211. Referring to fig. 8, at this time, the temperature adjustment modes of the refrigerant passage 123 and the heat exchangers in the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 are changed according to the requirements, so as to achieve the heating or cooling effect of the passenger compartment 1231, and when the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is opened, the dehumidification effect can be additionally achieved.

Referring to fig. 3, the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle further includes a vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and a water chiller 15, the plurality of passages 12 further includes a water chiller passage 125, the water chiller passage 125 and the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 are respectively communicated with the water chiller 15, and in a third communication manner or a first independent communication manner, the water chiller passage 125 is communicated with the motor passage 121, and the two are not communicated with the battery passage 122. In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling medium passage 123 and the battery passage 122 constitute a circuit; the water cooler passage 125 and the battery passage 122 constitute a circuit, and next, various operation conditions of the main valve 13 in the third communication mode are explained in order.

Referring to fig. 8, when the thermal management system is in the first row of the third communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also opened, and the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are both turned on, and when the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is in the heating mode, the water chiller 15, the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are all used as condensers, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as an evaporator, so that the heating and dehumidifying effects of the passenger compartment 1231 can be achieved. In some embodiments, the motor 1211 loop includes a motor three-way valve 17 with an unlimited communication ratio and a flow direction as shown in the figure. Because refrigerant passageway 123 and battery passageway 122 communicate, pass through refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and pass through battery 1221 again earlier, refrigerant passageway 123 is connected with first heat exchanger 1241 as the evaporimeter and refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 as the condenser, and the effect of battery 1221 heating is realized simultaneously to refrigerant passageway 123, and the two supplement each other and gain energy saving. In the second and third row operation of the third communication mode, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is closed, and the second heat exchanger 1242 does not operate, so that the dehumidification effect is not achieved.

In some embodiments, the electric vehicle thermal management system 11 further comprises a vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and a water chiller 15, and the plurality of passageways 12 further comprises a water chiller passageway 125, and the water chiller passageway 125 and the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 are in communication with the water chiller 15, respectively. Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the main valve 13 includes a fourth communication mode, in which the water cooler passage 125 is communicated with both the motor passage 121 and the battery passage 122, and the liquid in the passage 12 flows out from the motor passage 121, passes through the water cooler passage 125, and then passes through the battery passage 122 to form a loop. The main valve 13 of the illustrated embodiment has a fourth communication mode in which the first outlet 1 communicates with the fifth outlet 5, the third outlet 3 communicates with the fourth outlet 4, the sixth outlet 6 communicates with the second outlet 2, the eighth outlet 8 communicates with the seventh outlet 7, and the ninth outlet 9 communicates with the tenth outlet 14.

Referring to fig. 4 and 8, when the thermal management system is in the first row of the fourth communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened, and the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is closed, and both the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are on, but the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 does not pass through the fan 1243. The second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 both serve as condensers, and the first heat exchanger 1241 serves as an evaporator, so that the heating effect of the passenger compartment 1231 can be realized.

When the thermal management system is in the second and third row operating conditions of the fourth communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also closed, at this time, the automotive air conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are not started, and the water chiller 15, the second heat exchanger 1242, the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the first heat exchanger 1241 are not started. In the second row, the communication ratio of the motor three-way valve 17 is 0%, and the motor passage 121 does not pass through the cooling device 1213, so that the effect of heating the battery 1221 by the motor 1211 can be achieved; in the third operation situation, the communication ratio of the motor three-way valve 17 is 100%, the motor passage 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, and the liquid in the loop flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor passage 121 in the same flow direction as the figure, because the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211 and the battery 1221, the cooling effect of the motor 1211 and the battery 1221 can be realized.

Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the main valve 13 includes a fifth communication mode, in which the water cooler passage 125 is communicated with both the motor passage 121 and the battery passage 122, and the liquid in the passage 12 flows out from the motor passage 121, passes through the battery passage 122, and then is cooled by the water cooler passage 125. The main valve 13 of the illustrated embodiment forms a circuit and has a fourth communication mode in which the first outlet 1 communicates with the second outlet 2, the third outlet 3 communicates with the seventh outlet 7, the sixth outlet 6 communicates with the fifth outlet 5, the eighth outlet 8 communicates with the fourth outlet 4, and the ninth outlet 9 communicates with the tenth outlet 14.

Referring to fig. 5 and 8, when the thermal management system is in the first and second row operation conditions of the fifth communication mode in the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also closed, at this time, the vehicle air conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are not activated, and the second heat exchanger 1242, the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 and the first heat exchanger 1241 are not activated. In the operation condition shown in the first row, the communication ratio of the motor three-way valve 17 is 0%, and the motor passage 121 does not pass through the cooling device 1213, so that the effect of heating the battery 1221 by the motor 1211 can be realized; in the second row, the communication ratio of the motor three-way valve 17 is 100%, the motor passage 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, and the liquid in the circuit flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor passage 121 in the same direction as the figure, so that the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213, then passes through the motor 1211 and the battery 1221, and the cooling effect of the motor 1211 and the battery 1221 can be achieved.

When the thermal management system is in the third row of the fifth communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also opened, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are both started at this time, when the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is in the heating mode, the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are both used as condensers, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as an evaporator, so that the heating and dehumidifying effects of the passenger compartment 1231 can be realized. In the third row, the motor three-way valve 17 is connected at 100%, and the liquid in the circuit flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor passage 121. The motor passage 121 passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the water chiller 15, cooling the liquid and saving energy, and the flowing direction is as shown in the figure, so that the cooling effect of the motor 1211 and the battery 1221 can be realized.

When the thermal management system is in the fourth row of the fifth communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also opened, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is started at this time, and when the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is in the heating mode, both the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are used as condensers, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as an evaporator, so that the heating and dehumidifying effects of the passenger compartment 1231 can be realized.

Referring to fig. 6 and 8, in some embodiments, the main valve 13 further includes a second independent communication mode, in which the refrigerant passage 123 is not connected to the battery passage 122 and the loop of the motor 1211, and the water cooler passage 125 is only connected to the battery passage 122, and the communication mode is that the first outlet 1 is communicated with the fifth outlet 5, the eighth outlet 8 is communicated with the fourth outlet 4, the third outlet 3 is communicated with the seventh outlet 7, the sixth outlet 6 is communicated with the second outlet 2, and the ninth outlet 9 is communicated with the tenth outlet 14.

When the thermal management system is in the first row of the second independent communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also opened, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are both started at this time, when the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is in a heating mode, the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are both used as evaporators, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as a condenser, so that the heating and dehumidifying effects of the passenger compartment 1231 can be realized. In some embodiments, the circuit of the motor 1211 includes the motor three-way valve 17, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor path 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, and the liquid flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor path 121 in the direction shown in the figure, the motor three-way valve 17 is opened to 100%, since the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211, so as to achieve the cooling effect of the motor 1211. In some embodiments, the thermal management system 11 of the electric vehicle includes the water cooler 15, and the water cooler 15 cools the water cooler passage 125, and the cooling effect of the battery 1221 can be achieved because the water cooler passage 125 and the battery passage 122 form a loop. When the thermal management system is in the second row of the table, which is the second independent communication mode, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is opened and the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is closed, so that the dehumidification effect of the passenger compartment 1231 cannot be achieved, and the rest of the thermal management system is the same as that in the first row.

When the thermal management system is in the third row of the second independent communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is also opened, the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 and the water chiller 15 are both started at this time, when the vehicle air-conditioning circuit 124 is in a heating mode, the second heat exchanger 1242 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1232 are both used as evaporators, and the first heat exchanger 1241 is used as a condenser, so that the heating and dehumidifying effects of the passenger compartment 1231 can be realized. In some embodiments, the circuit of the motor 1211 includes the motor three-way valve 17, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor path 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, and the liquid flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor path 121 in the direction shown in the figure, the motor three-way valve 17 is opened to 100%, since the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211, so as to achieve the cooling effect of the motor 1211.

When the thermal management system is in the fourth row of the second independent communication mode of the table, the water chiller expansion valve 151 is closed, the second heat exchanger expansion valve 1244 is closed, and the refrigerant passage 123 may be used for temperature adjustment of the passenger compartment 1231, but the effect of dehumidifying the passenger compartment 1231 may not be achieved. In some embodiments, the circuit of the motor 1211 includes the motor three-way valve 17, the communication ratio is 100%, the motor path 121 passes through the cooling device 1213, and the liquid flows through the cooling device 1213 of the motor path 121 in the direction shown in the figure, the motor three-way valve 17 is opened to 100%, since the liquid passes through the cooling device 1213 and then passes through the motor 1211, so as to achieve the cooling effect of the motor 1211.

In another aspect, the present application further provides an electric vehicle (not shown) comprising at least one set of a motor 1211, a passenger compartment 1231, a battery 1221, and the above thermal management system 11, wherein the motor path 121 is used for regulating the temperature of the motor 1211; the battery path 122 is used to regulate the temperature of the battery 1221; the refrigerant passage 123 is used to adjust the temperature of the passenger compartment 1231 of the electric vehicle. Due to the fact that the electric automobile heat management system 11 is used, the electric automobile is low in cost and high in energy utilization efficiency.

The electric vehicle thermal management system and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail above. The thermal management system of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application are described herein by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also fall into the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile thermal management system, electric automobile includes motor, battery and passenger cabin, its characterized in that, electric automobile thermal management system includes:

2. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein said main valve comprises a first communication mode in which said main valve controls all of said passages in communication with said outlet of said main valve to be connected in series to form a circuit.

3. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the main valve includes a second communication mode in which the coolant passage is in communication with the motor passage and is not in communication with the battery passage.

4. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, further comprising an electric vehicle air conditioning circuit and a water chiller, wherein the plurality of passages further comprise a water chiller passage, and wherein the water chiller passage and the electric vehicle air conditioning circuit are in communication with the water chiller, respectively; and under the second communication mode, the water cooler passage is communicated with the battery passage and is not communicated with the motor passage.

5. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the main valve includes a third communication mode in which the coolant passage is in communication with the battery passage and neither is in communication with the motor passage.

6. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 5, further comprising an electric vehicle air conditioning circuit and a water chiller, the plurality of passageways further comprising a water chiller passageway, the water chiller passageway and the electric vehicle air conditioning circuit in communication with the water chiller, respectively; and under the third communication mode, the water cooler passage is communicated with the motor passage and is not communicated with the battery passage.

7. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising an electric vehicle air conditioning circuit and a water chiller, wherein the plurality of passageways further comprises a water chiller passageway, wherein the water chiller passageway and the electric vehicle air conditioning circuit are in communication with the water chiller, respectively, and wherein the water chiller passageway is in communication with both the electric machine passageway and the battery passageway.

8. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle further comprises a second electric machine, and the electric machine path comprises a supplemental electric machine path for regulating a second electric machine temperature of the second electric machine.

9. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a battery three-way valve between the coolant passage and the battery passage, wherein the battery three-way valve is configured to control whether the coolant passage passes through the battery.

10. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the motor path further comprises a motor three-way valve and a temperature reduction device, the motor three-way valve being configured to control whether the motor path passes through the temperature reduction device.

11. An electric vehicle comprising at least one electric machine, a passenger compartment, a battery, and the electric vehicle thermal management system of any of claims 1-10, wherein the machine path is configured to regulate a machine temperature of the electric machine; the battery passage is used for adjusting the battery temperature of the battery; the refrigerant passage is used for adjusting the temperature of a passenger compartment of the electric automobile.