CN113580872A

CN113580872A - Vehicle and thermal management system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113580872A
Application number: CN202010368153.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谷利亚; 廖银生; 张宏洲; 张蕾; 于国华
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-30
Filing date: 2020-04-30
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-30
Also published as: CN113580872B

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vehicle and thermal management system thereof, the thermal management system includes the first cooling circuit that is used for cooling motor system, the second cooling circuit that is used for cooling the battery package, air conditioner return circuit and PTC heating circuit, first cooling circuit and second cooling circuit are connected through first multi-pass switching-over valve and the multi-pass switching-over valve of second, second cooling circuit and air conditioner return circuit are connected through the cold water machine, second cooling circuit and PTC heating circuit are connected through the panel switcher to make motor system and battery package optionally cool off through the cold water machine that inserts in the air conditioner return circuit, or heat through the panel switcher that inserts in the PTC heating circuit. Through two multi-way reversing valves, the water chiller connected into the air conditioning loop and the battery plate changer connected into the PTC heating loop, the motor cooling loop, the battery cooling loop, the air conditioning loop and the PTC heating loop are connected, the circulation direction of cooling liquid can be changed according to requirements, the cooling liquid is reasonably distributed, and the heat management efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Vehicle and thermal management system thereof

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle thermal management, in particular to a vehicle and a thermal management system thereof.

Background

The vehicle thermal management system comprises a motor system cooling loop, a battery system low-temperature heat dissipation loop, a battery system higher-temperature cooling loop, a battery system heating loop, a passenger compartment heater heating loop, a passenger compartment refrigerating loop and the like, and can meet the cooling requirements of the motor system, the heating and cooling requirements of the battery system and the refrigerating and heating requirements of passengers. However, in the related art, the above-mentioned multiple loops are independent of each other, and thus, effective utilization of energy cannot be realized, and a heat dissipation requirement in a charging process of the electric vehicle cannot be satisfied.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle thermal management system, which can realize intelligent distribution of heat of the whole vehicle, and improve the efficiency and utilization rate of thermal management.

A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle comprising a thermal management system as provided by the present disclosure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a thermal management system of a vehicle, including a first cooling circuit for cooling a motor system, a second cooling circuit for cooling a battery pack, an air conditioning circuit, and a PTC heating circuit, the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit are connected by a first multi-way reversing valve and a second multi-way reversing valve, the second cooling circuit and the air conditioning circuit are connected by a water chiller, the second cooling circuit and the PTC heating circuit are connected by a panel changer, so that the motor system and the battery pack may be selectively cooled by the water chiller inserted into the air conditioning circuit or heated by the panel changer inserted into the PTC heating circuit.

Optionally, the first multi-way reversing valve and the second multi-way reversing valve are both six-way valves, the water chiller and the battery panel converter are connected in series, and the thermal management system has at least one of the following operating modes: in the first working mode, the motor system and the battery pack are connected in series and are cooled by a water cooler connected into the air-conditioning loop; in a second working mode, the motor system and the battery pack are connected in parallel, the motor system is cooled by a motor radiator in the first cooling loop, and the battery pack is cooled by a water cooler connected to the air-conditioning loop; in a third operating mode, the motor system and the battery pack are connected in parallel, the motor system is cooled by a motor radiator in the first cooling loop, and the battery pack is cooled by a battery radiator in the second cooling loop; in a fourth working mode, the motor system and the battery pack are connected in series, and heat generated in the working process of the motor system is used for heating the battery pack; in a fifth working mode, the motor system and the battery pack are connected in parallel, heat generated in the working process of the motor system is used for heat preservation, and the battery pack is heated by a battery plate converter connected into the PTC heating loop; and in a sixth working mode, the motor system and the battery pack are connected in series and are heated by a battery plate converter connected into the PTC heating loop.

Optionally, the first cooling circuit includes a motor assembly, a charging and distributing assembly, a first auxiliary water tank, a first water pump, a motor radiator and a first fan disposed on one side of the motor radiator, which are connected to each other, the motor assembly and the charging and distributing assembly are connected in parallel, and the thermal management system at least further includes: and in a seventh working mode, the motor assembly does not work, and the charging and distributing assembly can be selectively cooled through the motor radiator (16) or a water cooler connected into the air-conditioning loop.

Optionally, the second cooling circuit includes a battery pack, a second sub-water tank, a second water pump, a battery radiator, and a water cooler and a battery plate converter connected in parallel to the battery radiator.

Optionally, the first secondary water tank is connected in series or in parallel to the first cooling circuit, and the second secondary water tank is connected in series or in parallel to the second cooling circuit.

Optionally, the air conditioning loop includes a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, an evaporator, a condenser, a second fan, and a water chiller connected in parallel to the evaporator.

Optionally, the motor radiator and the battery radiator are disposed on an air intake side of the condenser, and the first fan is disposed on an air outlet side of the condenser.

Optionally, the PTC heating circuit comprises a PTC heater, a heater core, a third water pump and a panel converter connected in parallel in the PTC heating circuit.

Optionally, the motor assembly comprises a front motor assembly and/or a rear motor assembly.

Optionally, the thermal management system further includes a controller and a plurality of detection elements disposed in the first cooling circuit, the second cooling circuit, the air conditioning circuit and the PTC circuit, and the controller is connected to the plurality of detection elements and a water pump, a fan and a compressor in the plurality of circuits, respectively.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the thermal management system of the vehicle described above.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up two multi-ported switching-over valves, insert the cold water machine in the air conditioner return circuit and insert the panel changer in the PTC heating circuit, couple together motor cooling circuit, battery cooling circuit, air conditioner return circuit and PTC heating circuit, can realize the multiple series-parallel connection working method of first cooling circuit and second cooling circuit, can change the circulation direction of coolant liquid according to the demand, rational distribution coolant liquid flow effectively improves thermal management efficiency and waste heat utilization ratio.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a first mode of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a second mode of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a third mode of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a fourth mode of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a fifth mode of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a sixth mode of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an in-place air conditioning high power charging mode in a high temperature environment of a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of an in-situ high power charging mode when the thermal management system of the vehicle is at a low ambient temperature, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

10-12 are schematic diagrams of a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a control block diagram of a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a summary of controller signals for a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is an illustration of different modes of operation of a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of a first multi-way reversing valve in a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a second multi-way reversing valve in a thermal management system of a vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a radiator, a condenser, and a fan in a thermal management system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

1-an electric motor system, 11-a front electric motor assembly, 12-a rear electric motor assembly, 13-a charging power assembly, 14-a first auxiliary water tank, 15-a first water pump, 16-an electric motor radiator, 17-a first fan, 2-a battery pack, 21-a battery radiator, 22-a second auxiliary water tank, 23-a second water pump, 3-a water chiller, 31-a compressor, 32-a gas-liquid separator, 33-an evaporator, 34-a condenser, 35-a second fan, 4-a battery panel changer, 41-a PTC heater, 42-a heating core, 43-a third water pump, 10-a first cooling loop, 20-a second cooling loop, 30-an air conditioning loop, 40-a PTC heating loop, 100-a first multi-way reversing valve, 200-a second multi-way reversing valve, 400-first electronic expansion valve, 500-second electronic expansion valve, 1000-controller.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally means that the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer of the respective component outlines with reference to the drawing planes of the respective drawings, and furthermore, the use of the terms "first" and "second" and the like in the present disclosure is intended to distinguish one element from another element without order or importance. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated.

As shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a thermal management system of a vehicle, which includes a first cooling circuit 10 for cooling a motor system 1, a second cooling circuit 20 for cooling a battery pack 2, an air conditioning circuit 30, and a PTC heating circuit 40, wherein the first cooling circuit 10 and the second cooling circuit 20 are connected by a first multi-way selector valve 100 and a second multi-way selector valve 200, the second cooling circuit 20 and the air conditioning circuit 30 are connected by a water chiller 3(chiller), and the second cooling circuit 20 and the PTC heating circuit 40 are connected by a panel changer 4, so that the motor system 1 and the battery pack 2 can be selectively cooled by the water chiller 3 introduced into the air conditioning circuit 30 or heated by the panel changer 4 introduced into the PTC heating circuit 40. In fig. 1, the first cooling circuit 10, the second cooling circuit 20, and the PTC heating circuit 40 are supplied with cooling liquid, which is indicated by solid lines having different thicknesses, and the air-conditioning circuit 30 is supplied with refrigerant, which is indicated by broken lines. Here, as shown in fig. 1, the motor system 1 includes a front motor assembly 11, a rear motor assembly 12, and a charging assembly 13, the front motor assembly 11 and the rear motor assembly 12 constitute a motor assembly, and the cooling liquid flowing through the second cooling circuit 20 and the refrigerant flowing through the air conditioning circuit 30 exchange heat at the water chiller 3(chiller) and the battery plate exchanger 4, respectively, to achieve heat exchange.

Through the technical scheme, the two multi-way reversing valves are arranged, the water cooler 3 is connected into the air-conditioning loop 30, the battery plate changer 4 is connected into the PTC heating loop 40, the motor cooling loop, the battery cooling loop, the air-conditioning loop 30 and the PTC heating loop 40 are connected, through controlling the conduction and the cut-off of different passages in the first multi-way reversing valve 100 and the second multi-way reversing valve 200, multiple series-parallel working modes of the first cooling loop 10 and the second cooling loop 20 can be realized, the flowing direction of cooling liquid can be changed according to requirements, the flow of the cooling liquid is reasonably distributed, and the heat management efficiency and the waste heat utilization rate are effectively improved.

As an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first multi-way reversing valve 100 and the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are both six-way valves, and the water chiller 3 and the cell panel changer 4 are connected in series, and the thermal management system provided by the present disclosure has at least one of the following operation modes:

in the first operating mode, as shown in fig. 2, 16 and 17, the

passages

102 and 104 in the first multi-way reversing valve 100 are communicated, the

passages

201 and 205 and 206 and 203 in the second battery valve 200 are communicated, the motor system 1 and the battery pack 2 are connected in series, and are cooled by the water chiller 3 connected to the air conditioning circuit 30, specifically, as shown in table 1.1 and 15, in the first operating mode, because the ambient temperature is higher, for example, when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 40 ℃ (under an extreme condition), the motor radiator 16 cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement of the motor system 1, and the battery radiator 21 cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack 2, at this time, the air conditioning circuit 30 realizes the refrigeration of the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the motor system and the battery pack 2 are cooled by the water chiller 3(chiller), so as to realize effective temperature reduction;

in a second operation mode, as shown in fig. 3, 16, and 17, the passage 101-; in the first working mode and the second working mode, the water outlet temperature of the battery pack 2 can be referred to, and when the water outlet temperature is more than or equal to 40 ℃, the air conditioner loop 30 can be switched to dissipate heat through the water cooler 3;

in the third operation mode, as shown in fig. 4, 16 and 17, the passage 101-, when the ambient temperature is more than or equal to 10 ℃ and less than or equal to t and less than 30 ℃, the motor radiator 16 can meet the heat dissipation requirement of the motor system 1, the battery radiator 21 can meet the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack 2, the air conditioner does not participate in refrigeration through the water cooler 3 at the moment, the heat dissipation of the motor system 1 and the battery pack 2 can be realized, and meanwhile, whether the air conditioner participates in the refrigeration of the passenger compartment or not can be determined according to the requirement of a user;

in a fourth operation mode, as shown in fig. 5, 16 and 17, the

channels

102 and 104 of the first multi-way reversing valve 100 are conducted, the

channel

201 and 205 of the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are conducted, and the

channel

206 and 203 of the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are conducted, the motor system 1 and the battery pack 2 are connected in series, the heat generated during the operation of the motor system 1 is used for heating the battery pack 2, specifically, as shown in table 1.1 and fig. 15, when the ambient temperature is more than or equal to 0 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, the connector 102 of the first multi-way reversing valve 100 and the connector 203 of the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are connected through pipelines, the battery radiator 21 and the motor radiator 16 can be connected in parallel (do not work), so that the air conditioner does not work, heat generated in the working process of the motor system 1 can be used for heating the battery pack 2, the battery pack 2 is heated, the effective utilization of energy can be realized, and the utilization rate is improved;

in a fifth working mode, when the heat generated in the working process of the motor system 1 cannot meet the heating requirement of the battery pack 2, for example, when the ambient temperature is-10 ℃ to t < 0 ℃, as shown in fig. 6, 16 and 17, the passage 102 and the passage 104 in the first multi-way reversing valve 100 are communicated, the passage 201 and the passage 206 and the passage 205 in the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are communicated, the motor system 1 and the battery pack 2 are connected in parallel, the heat generated in the working process of the motor system is used for heat preservation, the battery pack 2 is heated by the battery plate changer 4 connected to the PTC heating loop 40, that is, when the ambient temperature is low, the battery pack 2 can be rapidly heated by the battery plate changer 4;

in the sixth working mode, under an extreme working condition, for example, when the ambient temperature is lower than-10 ℃, and the heat generation amount of the motor system 1 cannot meet the self heat preservation requirement, as shown in fig. 7, 16 and 17, the passage 102 and the passage 104 in the first multi-way reversing valve 100 are communicated, the passage 201 and the passage 206 and the passage 203 in the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are communicated, the motor system 1 and the battery pack 2 are connected in series, and the motor system and the battery pack 2 can be heated by being connected to the battery plate converter 4 in the PTC heating loop 40.

TABLE 1.1 different operating modes and flow communication modes of a thermal management system for a vehicle

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first cooling circuit 10 includes a front motor assembly 11, a rear motor assembly 12, a charging assembly 13, a first sub-tank 14, a first water pump 15, a motor radiator 16, and a first fan 17 disposed at one side of the motor radiator 16, and drives the cooling fluid to flow to the motor radiator 16 by the first water pump 15 and cools the motor assembly and the charging assembly by the first fan 17. The heat management system provided by the disclosure further comprises a seventh working mode, the motor assembly does not work, and the charging and distributing assembly 13 can be selectively cooled through the motor radiator 16 or cooled through the water chiller 3 connected into the air-conditioning loop 30. Specifically, when the ambient temperature is relatively high, for example, greater than or equal to 40 ℃, during the process of parking and charging the vehicle, as shown in fig. 8, 16 and 17, the 102 and 104 channels in the first multi-way reversing valve 100 are conducted, the 201 and 206 and 203 channels in the second multi-way reversing valve 200 are conducted, the motor assembly does not work, the charging and distributing assembly 13 and the battery pack 2 are connected in series, the charging and distributing assembly 13 is cooled by the water cooler 3 connected to the air conditioning loop 30, and further the heat is dissipated by the first fan 17, so that the flow rate of the cooling liquid can be increased, the heat can be dissipated in time during the in-situ charging process, and the problem of limited charging power can be prevented. When the ambient temperature is low, as shown in fig. 9, 16 and 17, the charging assembly 13 is cooled by the motor radiator 16, and the heat dissipation in the in-place charging mode at the low ambient temperature is completed.

As shown in fig. 1, the second cooling circuit 20 includes a battery pack 2, a second sub-tank 22, a second water pump 23, a battery radiator 21, and a water chiller 3 and a battery plate changer 4 connected in parallel with the battery radiator 21, and in other embodiments, the positions of the sub-tank and the water pump in the first cooling circuit 10 and the second cooling circuit 20 may be adjusted.

In the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the first auxiliary water tank 14 may be connected in series to the first cooling circuit 10, the second auxiliary water tank 22 may be connected in series to the second cooling circuit 20, and both auxiliary water tanks may participate in the cooling process and simultaneously function to store the cooling liquid; as another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 11, the first sub-tank 14 may be connected in parallel to the first cooling circuit 10, and the second sub-tank 22 may be connected in parallel to the second cooling circuit 20, that is, the sub-tanks do not participate in the cooling and heat dissipation processes, and only play a role of charging and discharging air.

The air conditioning circuit 30 may be an existing air conditioning system circuit, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the air conditioning circuit 30 includes a compressor 31, a gas-liquid separator 32, an evaporator 33, a condenser 34, a second fan 35, and a water chiller 3 connected in parallel to the evaporator 33, which are connected to each other, and can achieve rapid cooling and heating in the passenger compartment, and simultaneously achieve rapid cooling of the motor system and the battery pack 2 through the water chiller 3.

There may be various arrangements of the battery radiator 21, the motor radiator 16, the condenser 34, and the first fan 17. In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the battery radiator 21 and the motor radiator 16 may be disposed side by side at one side of the condenser 34, and the first fan 17 is disposed at the other side of the condenser 34. In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 18, the motor radiator 16 and the battery radiator 21 are disposed up and down on the air intake side of the condenser 34, the first fan 17 is disposed on the air outlet side of the condenser 34, and the battery radiator 21 is disposed below the motor radiator 16, the motor radiator 16 and the battery radiator 21 are disposed on the air intake side of the condenser 34, which can reduce the wind resistance on the air intake side and ensure a sufficient amount of air, and at the same time, the battery radiator 21 can be disposed below the motor radiator 16 because the lower heat dissipation amount of the battery radiator 21 has less influence on the over-cold area of the condenser 34, and the condenser 34 and the first fan 17 can be fixed in various ways to ensure detachable installation on one side of the condenser 34.

As shown in fig. 1, the PTC heating circuit 40 includes a PTC heater 41, a heater core 42, a third water pump 43, and a battery plate changer 4 connected in parallel in the PTC heating circuit 40, and can adopt a PTC heating mode to heat the passenger compartment with PTC and simultaneously rapidly heat the battery pack 2 and the motor assembly at ultra-low ambient temperature.

The motor assembly comprises a front motor assembly 11 and/or a rear motor assembly 12, as another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 10, the thermal management system may be applied to a front-drive vehicle type only comprising the front motor assembly 11, or may be applied to a rear-drive vehicle type only comprising the rear motor assembly 12, and the front motor assembly 11 may be connected in parallel through a connecting pipeline, and may be switched to an in-situ charging mode.

As another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 12, the battery radiator 21 may be eliminated, and the battery pack 2 is cooled by the water chiller 3 connected to the air conditioning circuit 30 and heated by the battery plate inverter 4 connected to the PTC heating circuit 40, which are within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In the thermal management system provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the thermal management system further includes a controller 1000 and a plurality of detection elements disposed on the pipeline, the controller 1000 is respectively connected to the plurality of detection elements, the first multi-way reversing valve 100, the second multi-way reversing valve 200, the first water pump 15, the second water pump 23, the third water pump 43, the compressor 31, the first fan 17, and the second fan 25, and the controller 1000 controls the compressor 31, the plurality of fans, and the plurality of water pumps according to the ambient temperature information and the information of the coolant and the refrigerant detected by the detection elements, so as to realize intelligent control of the thermal management system. The detection elements can be pressure sensors and temperature sensors arranged on corresponding pipelines, information of the cooling liquid and the refrigerant can be accurately acquired and timely transmitted to the controller 1000, and of course, the manual control and adjustment of the thermal management system are realized by manually controlling two multi-way reversing valves, an air conditioner switch, a plurality of fan switches, a plurality of water pump switches and other elements through an operator, and the manual control and adjustment belong to the protection range of the disclosure.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is further provided, where the vehicle includes the thermal management system of the vehicle, and the vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the thermal management system, and details are not repeated here.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. Thermal management system for a vehicle, characterized by comprising a first cooling circuit (10) for cooling an electric machine system (1), a second cooling circuit (20) for cooling the battery pack (2), an air conditioning circuit (30) and a PTC heating circuit (40), the first cooling circuit (10) and the second cooling circuit (20) are connected by a first multi-way reversing valve (100) and a second multi-way reversing valve (200), the second cooling circuit (20) and the air conditioning circuit (30) are connected by a water chiller (3), the second cooling circuit (20) and the PTC heating circuit (40) are connected by a panel converter (4), so that the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) can be selectively cooled by a water chiller (3) connected into the air-conditioning circuit (30), or by a panel exchanger (4) incorporated into the PTC heating circuit (40).

2. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second multi-way reversing valves (100, 200) are each a six-way valve, said water chiller (3) and said panel inverter (4) being connected in series, said thermal management system having at least one of the following operating modes:

in a first operating mode, the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) are connected in series and cooled by a water chiller (3) connected into the air conditioning circuit (30);

a second operating mode in which the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) are connected in parallel, the motor system (1) is cooled by a motor radiator (16) in the first cooling circuit (10), and the battery pack (2) is cooled by a water chiller (3) connected to the air conditioning circuit (30);

a third operating mode in which the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) are connected in parallel, the motor system (1) being cooled by a motor radiator (16) in the first cooling circuit (10), the battery pack (2) being cooled by a battery radiator (21) in the second cooling circuit (20);

in a fourth working mode, the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) are connected in series, and heat generated in the working process of the motor system (1) is used for heating the battery pack (2);

in a fifth working mode, the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) are connected in parallel, heat generated in the working process of the motor system (1) is used for heat preservation, and the battery pack (2) is heated by a battery plate converter (4) connected into the PTC heating loop (40);

in a sixth operating mode, the motor system (1) and the battery pack (2) are connected in series and heated by a panel converter (4) connected into the PTC heating circuit (40).

3. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that said first cooling circuit (10) comprises, connected, an electric motor assembly, a charging and distribution assembly (13), a first secondary water tank (14), a first water pump (15), an electric motor radiator (16) and a first fan (17) arranged on one side of said electric motor radiator (16), said electric motor assembly and said charging and distribution assembly (13) being connected in parallel, said thermal management system having at least:

and in a seventh working mode, the motor assembly does not work, and the charging and distributing assembly (13) can be selectively cooled through the motor radiator (16) or cooled through a water cooler (3) connected into the air-conditioning loop (30).

4. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the second cooling circuit (20) comprises a battery pack (2), a second secondary water tank (22), a second water pump (23), a battery radiator (21) and a water cooler (3) and a battery plate exchanger (4) connected in parallel with the battery radiator (21).

5. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the first secondary water tank (14) is connected in series or in parallel into the first cooling circuit (10) and the second secondary water tank (22) is connected in series or in parallel into the second cooling circuit (20).

6. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the air-conditioning circuit (30) comprises a compressor (31), a gas-liquid separator (32), an evaporator (33), a condenser (34), a second fan (35) and a water chiller (3) connected in parallel with the evaporator (33) in connection.

7. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that the motor radiator (16) and the battery radiator (21) are disposed on an intake side of the condenser (34), and the first fan (17) is disposed on an outlet side of the condenser (34).

8. Thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the PTC heating circuit (40) comprises a PTC heater (41), a heater core (42), a third water pump (43) and a panel converter (4) connected in parallel in the PTC heating circuit (40).

9. The thermal management system of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric machine assembly comprises a front electric machine assembly (11) and/or a rear electric machine assembly (12).

10. The thermal management system of a vehicle of any of claims 1-9, further comprising a controller (1000) and a plurality of sensing elements disposed in the first cooling circuit (10), the second cooling circuit (20), the air conditioning circuit (30), and the PTC circuit (40), the controller (1000) being connected to the first multi-way reversing valve (100), the second multi-way reversing valve (200), the plurality of sensing elements, and a plurality of in-circuit water pumps, fans, and compressors, respectively.

11. A vehicle characterized by comprising a thermal management system of a vehicle according to any of claims 1-10.