CN115194522A - Clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of shaft sleeve type workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece. The clamping device capable of achieving automatic machining of the multi-angle side holes of the shaft sleeve type workpiece is convenient to operate, the position accuracy of the side holes can be effectively guaranteed, and machining efficiency is improved. The numerical control machine tool comprises a base plate, a first V-shaped support, a second V-shaped support, a pressing device, a rotary table adapter plate and a workpiece, wherein the base plate is fixedly arranged on the numerical control machine tool; the pressing device can press or loosen the workpiece from the upper part of the workpiece; the rear end of the workpiece is connected with a rotary table of the numerical control machine tool through a rotary table adapter plate, and can rotate at an angle under the driving of the rotary table.

Description

A clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of shaft sleeve workpieces

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a clamping device for processing multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece.

Background technique

Sleeve workpieces such as electric spindle sleeves often need to process multiple side holes on the outer cylindrical surface, and some side holes differ by a certain angle in the circumferential direction. In order to realize the processing of these side holes, the existing The processing technology is as follows: the workpiece is supported by a V-shaped block on the CNC machine tool, and after the machine tool spindle drives the tool to process a side hole, manually rotate the shaft sleeve workpiece to the appropriate position of the next side hole for processing. This kind of processing technology has a high degree of manual participation, inconvenient operation, low processing efficiency, and it is difficult to ensure the positional accuracy of the side holes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a clamping device that can realize automatic processing of multi-angle side holes of shaft sleeve type workpieces. After processing one side hole, the workpiece can be automatically rotated to the position of the next side hole. It is easy to operate and can effectively ensure the positional accuracy of the side hole and improve the processing efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a clamping device for processing multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, comprising a base plate, a first V-shaped support, a second V-shaped support, and a pressing device , the turntable adapter plate and the workpiece, the bottom plate is fixedly installed on the CNC machine tool, the first V-shaped support and the second V-shaped support are installed side by side on the bottom plate along the axis of the workpiece, and respectively support the workpiece front and rear; the pressing device The workpiece can be pressed or loosened from the top of the workpiece; the rear end of the workpiece is connected with the turntable of the CNC machine tool through the turntable adapter plate, and can be rotated angularly driven by the turntable.

The above-mentioned clamping device for processing multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the pressing device comprises a pressing cylinder, a moving plate, a pressing plate, a first tie rod and a second tie rod, and the pressing cylinder is composed of a base, a cylinder piston and a The cylinder head is composed of a cylinder head, the base is fixedly installed on the bottom plate, the center of the base is provided with a piston cavity, the cylinder piston is arranged in the piston cavity, and the cylinder head seals the piston cavity from the bottom; the moving plate is fixedly connected to the cylinder piston The top can move up and down together with the cylinder piston; the tops of the first and second pull rods are fixedly connected to the two ends of the pressure plate respectively to form a gantry structure; the bottoms of the first pull rod and the second pull rod pass through the first pin and the second pull rod respectively Two pins are hinged on both ends of the moving plate.

In the above-mentioned clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the second pin is a movable pin, and the outer end is connected with a push-pull handle. separation.

The above-mentioned clamping device for processing multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the base is further provided with a plurality of limit guide holes, a plurality of limit pins are fixed on the moving plate, and the limit pins are connected with the limiter. Match the guide holes one by one.

In the above-mentioned clamping device for processing multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the turntable adapter plate is fixedly connected with a turntable of a numerically controlled machine tool, and a plurality of positioning pins are arranged on the turntable adapter plate; Axial hole matched with locating pin.

The above-mentioned clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, a thrust cylinder is also installed on the bottom plate, the thrust cylinder is arranged in front of the workpiece, and the workpiece can be axially moved by the thrust cylinder when the workpiece rotates. limit.

The above-mentioned clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the thrust cylinder includes a cylinder base body, a thrust piston, a thrust cylinder cover, a bearing seat, a thrust plate, a bearing group and a bearing gland, a cylinder A thrust piston cavity and a push-pull guide cavity are respectively provided on the base body, and the thrust piston cavity and the push-pull guide cavity are coaxially opposite and communicated with each other at the front and rear; the thrust piston is arranged in the thrust piston cavity, and its rod portion extends into the push-pull guide cavity Inside, the thrust cylinder cover seals the thrust piston cavity from the front end; the bearing seat is arranged in the push-pull guide cavity and is fixedly connected with the rod of the thrust piston, which can move forward and backward in the push-pull guide cavity under the drive of the thrust piston; The thrust plate is supported in the bearing seat through the bearing group, the bearing group is axially limited in the bearing seat through the bearing gland, and the bearing gland is fixedly connected with the bearing seat.

In the above-mentioned clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the on-off gas of the pressing cylinder and the thrust cylinder are automatically controlled by the control system of the numerical control machine tool.

In the above-mentioned clamping device for processing multi-angle side holes of a shaft sleeve type workpiece, the first V-shaped support and the second V-shaped support are respectively provided with ventilation holes leading into the V-shaped surface, and the ventilation holes It is connected with the air blowing device of the CNC machine tool, and is automatically controlled on and off by the control system of the CNC machine tool.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention utilizes the turntable structure of the numerically controlled machine tool to realize the automatic machining of multiple side holes differing by a certain angle on the cylindrical side wall, without manual participation, convenient operation and high efficiency , and the rotation angle and stop action of the turntable are precisely controlled by the numerical control program, the power input structure is simple and reliable, and the positional accuracy of the side hole can be effectively guaranteed. Through the cooperation of the two V-shaped supports and the pressing device, the clamping stability of the workpiece during the processing can be ensured, no shaking occurs, and the tool life can be effectively guaranteed. The V-shaped surface of the V-shaped support in contact with the workpiece is provided with ventilation holes, which can effectively ensure the cleanliness of the V-shaped surface, prevent chips from being stuck, and can effectively protect the cylindrical side of the workpiece.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the turntable adapter plate and the workpiece according to the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the pressing device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressing device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thrust cylinder of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation or be constructed in a specific orientation. and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of said features.

1 and 2, a clamping device for machining multi-angle side holes of a bushing type workpiece of the present invention includes a base plate 1, a thrust cylinder 2, a pressing device 3, a first V-shaped support 4, a first Two V-shaped supports 5 , turntable adapter plates 6 , positioning pins 7 and workpieces 8 . The base plate 1 is fixedly installed on the work surface of the CNC machine tool, the thrust cylinder 2, the first V-shaped support 4, the pressing device 3 and the second V-shaped support 5 are sequentially installed on the base plate 1 from front to back, and the workpiece 8 is arranged across the board. On the first V-shaped support 4, the pressing device 3 and the second V-shaped support 5, the first V-shaped support 4 and the second V-shaped support 5 respectively support the front and rear ends of the workpiece 8, and the pressing device 3 can The workpiece 8 is pressed or loosened from above. The turntable adapter plate 6 is connected to the rear end of the workpiece 8 through the positioning pin 7 , wherein the positioning pin 7 is fixed on the turntable adapter plate 6 , and the positioning pin 7 is matched with the axial hole 83 , and the axial hole 83 is arranged on the workpiece 8 . The turntable adapter plate 6 is also fixedly connected with the turntable of the CNC machine tool (not shown in the figure), and the turntable adapter plate 6 and the workpiece 8 can be rotated in turn by controlling the rotation of the turntable by the CNC machine tool. When the turntable drives the workpiece 8 to rotate, the thrust cylinder 2 can be pushed out to push the workpiece against the turntable adapter plate 6 so as to limit the axial movement of the workpiece 8 . In order to prevent chips from falling into the gap between the V-shaped surface of the first V-shaped support 4 or the second V-shaped support 5 and the workpiece 8 and scratching the surface of the workpiece 8, the first V-shaped support 4 and the second V-shaped support 5 are also A vent hole 41 and a vent hole 51 are respectively provided, which are respectively connected with the blowing device of the numerical control machine tool, and the control system of the numerical control machine tool controls it to enter the compressed gas into the vent hole 41 and the vent hole 51, and from the air outlet of the V-shaped surface. Blow out, so that the impurities such as chips on the surface of the workpiece 8 are cleaned up.

3 and 4 , the pressing device 3 includes a base 31 , a cylinder head 32 , a cylinder piston 33 , a moving plate 34 , a first pull rod 35 , a second pull rod 39 , a pressure plate 36 , a push-pull handle 37 and a movable pin 38 . The base 31 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 1, the center of the base 31 is provided with a piston cavity, the cylinder piston 33 is set in the piston cavity, and the cylinder cover 32 seals the piston cavity from the bottom. The moving plate 34 is fixedly coupled to the top of the cylinder piston 33 and can move up and down together with the cylinder piston 33 . In order to prevent the moving plate 34 from rotating, a limit pin 310 is fixed on the moving plate 34, and a limit guide hole adapted to the limit pin 310 is arranged on the base 31. When the cylinder piston 33 drives the moving plate 34 to move up and down, the limit is limited. The positioning pins 310 move up and down in the limiting guide holes, respectively. The top ends of the first pull rod 35 and the second pull rod 39 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the pressing plate 36 to form a gantry structure. The lower end of the first pull rod 35 is hinged to one end of the moving plate 34 , and the second pull rod 39 is hinged to the other end of the moving plate through a movable pin 38 . 38 can connect and separate the second pull rod 39 and the moving plate 34 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the thrust cylinder 2 includes a cylinder base 21 , a bearing seat 24 , a bearing group 25 , a thrust piston 26 , a thrust cylinder head 27 , a thrust plate 28 , a bearing gland 29 , a sealing ring 210 and a sealing cover 211. The cylinder base 21 is respectively provided with a thrust piston cavity 22 and a push-pull guide cavity 23 , and the thrust piston cavity 22 and the push-pull guide cavity 23 are coaxially opposed to each other and communicate with each other. The thrust piston 26 is disposed in the thrust piston cavity 22 , and its rod portion extends into the push-pull guide cavity 23 , and the thrust cylinder cover 27 seals the thrust piston cavity 22 from the front end. The bearing seat 24 is arranged in the push-pull guide cavity 23 and is fixedly connected with the rod portion of the thrust piston 26 , and can move back and forth in the push-pull guide cavity 23 under the driving of the thrust piston 26 . The thrust plate 28 is supported in the bearing seat 24 through the bearing group 25 , and the bearing group 25 is axially limited in the bearing seat 24 by the bearing pressing cover 29 , and the bearing pressing cover 29 is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 24 . In order to prevent the bearing set 25 from being damaged by external chips or cutting fluid, a sealing cover 211 and a sealing ring 210 are respectively provided at the end and the circumferential direction of the thrust plate 28 .

When working, first pull the push-pull handle 37 to pull out the movable pin 38 from the pin hole of the second pull rod 39. Since the first pull rod 35 is hinged with the moving plate 34, and the second pull rod 39 is lifted upwards, the first pull rod 35 and the second pull rod 39 can be lifted. The gantry structure composed of the two tie rods 39 , the pressing plate 36 and the moving plate 34 is opened, as shown in FIG. 4 . Then put the workpiece 8 on the first V-shaped support 4 and the second V-shaped support 5 , and push the workpiece 8 to move in the direction of the turntable so that the positioning pin 7 is inserted into the axial hole 83 of the workpiece 8 . Then the gantry structure composed of the first pull rod 35 , the second pull rod 39 and the pressing plate 36 is closed, and the movable pin 38 is inserted into the pin hole of the second pull rod 39 to connect the second pull rod 39 and the moving plate 34 together.

Start the control program of the CNC machine tool, inject compressed air into the piston cavity of the base 31 to move the cylinder piston 33 downward, and sequentially drive the moving plate 34, the first pull rod 35, the second pull rod 39 and the pressure plate 36 to move down until The pressing plate 36 is in contact with the workpiece 8 and presses the workpiece 8 . The CNC machine tool blows air into the vent hole 41 and the vent hole 51 , and installs the tool handle 9 on the CNC machine tool electric spindle, and the tool handle 9 drives the tool 10 to machine the first side hole 81 . After the processing is completed, reverse ventilation into the piston cavity of the base 31 makes the cylinder piston 33 move upward, and sequentially drives the moving plate 34, the first pull rod 35, the second pull rod 39 and the pressure plate 36 to move upward, so that the pressure plate 36 releases the workpiece. 8.

Compressed gas is introduced into the thrust piston cavity 22 so that the thrust piston 26 pushes the bearing seat 22 out of the push-pull guide cavity 23 until the thrust plate 28 pushes the workpiece 8 tightly. The turntable of the CNC machine tool (not shown in the figure) drives the workpiece 8 to rotate by a certain angle through the turntable adapter plate 6 and the positioning pin 7, and the angle is the difference between the first side hole 81 and the second side hole 82, so that the The two side holes 82 are rotated to the top. Then, the pressing device 3 is activated to move the pressing plate 36 downward and press the workpiece 8. The CNC machine tool drives the tool 10 to move to the second side hole 82 to process the second side hole 82, so as to reciprocate until all the workpieces on the workpiece 8 are processed. After the side holes are processed, the thrust cylinder 2 and the pneumatic pressing device 3 are activated respectively, so that the thrust cylinder 2 drives the bearing seat 22 and the thrust plate 28 to retreat and disengage from the workpiece 8, and at the same time, the moving plate 34 drives the pressing plate 36. Move up and release workpiece 8 as a whole. Then, the movable pin 38 is pulled out through the push-pull handle 37, and the second pull rod 39 is pushed upward to open the gantry structure, so that the workpiece 8 can be taken out, and the entire processing process is completed.

The invention realizes the automatic clamping of the full side hole machining of the workpiece, the rotation adjustment and the clamping and loosening actions of the workpiece are all controlled by the numerical control program of the numerical control machine tool, without manual adjustment, and the degree of automation is high.

Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art according to the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side holes of the shaft sleeve type workpiece is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, a first V-shaped support, a second V-shaped support, a pressing device, a rotary table adapter plate and a workpiece, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on a numerical control machine tool, and the first V-shaped support and the second V-shaped support are arranged on the bottom plate side by side along the axial direction of the workpiece and respectively support the workpiece front and back; the pressing device can press or loosen the workpiece from the upper part of the workpiece; the rear end of the workpiece is connected with a rotary table of the numerical control machine tool through a rotary table adapter plate, and can rotate at an angle under the driving of the rotary table.

2. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the pressing device comprises a pressing cylinder, a moving plate, a pressing plate, a first pull rod and a second pull rod, the pressing cylinder comprises a base, a cylinder piston and a cylinder cover, the base is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate, a piston cavity is formed in the center of the base, the cylinder piston is arranged in the piston cavity, and the cylinder cover seals the piston cavity from the bottom; the moving plate is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder piston and can move up and down along with the cylinder piston; the top ends of the first pull rod and the second pull rod are fixedly connected to the two ends of the pressure plate respectively to form a portal frame structure; the bottoms of the first pull rod and the second pull rod are respectively hinged to two ends of the moving plate through a first pin and a second pin.

3. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 2, wherein the second pin is a movable pin, a push-pull handle is connected to the outer end of the second pin, and the second pull rod and the movable plate can be connected and separated by pushing and pulling the movable pin through the push-pull handle.

4. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of limiting guide holes are further formed in the base, a plurality of limiting pins are fixed on the moving plate, and the limiting pins are matched with the limiting guide holes one by one.

5. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotary table adapter plate is fixedly connected with a rotary table of a numerical control machine tool, and a plurality of positioning pins are arranged on the rotary table adapter plate; the workpiece is provided with a plurality of axial holes matched with the positioning pins.

6. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side holes of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 5, wherein a thrust cylinder is further mounted on the bottom plate and arranged in front of the workpiece, and the thrust cylinder can axially limit the workpiece when the workpiece rotates.

7. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 6, wherein the thrust cylinder comprises a cylinder base body, a thrust piston, a thrust cylinder cover, a bearing seat, a thrust plate, a bearing group and a bearing gland, a thrust piston cavity and a push-pull guide cavity are respectively arranged on the cylinder base body, and the thrust piston cavity and the push-pull guide cavity are coaxially and oppositely arranged in front and at back and are communicated with each other; the thrust piston is arranged in the thrust piston cavity, the rod part of the thrust piston extends into the push-pull guide cavity, and the thrust cylinder cover seals the thrust piston cavity from the front end; the bearing seat is arranged in the push-pull guide cavity, is fixedly connected with the rod part of the thrust piston and can move back and forth in the push-pull guide cavity under the driving of the thrust piston; the thrust plate is supported in the bearing block through a bearing group, the bearing group is axially limited in the bearing block through a bearing gland, and the bearing gland is fixedly connected with the bearing block.

8. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 7, wherein the on-off of the pressing cylinder and the thrust cylinder is automatically controlled by a control system of a numerical control machine.

9. The clamping device for machining the multi-angle side hole of the shaft sleeve type workpiece according to claim 8, wherein the first V-shaped support and the second V-shaped support are respectively provided with an air vent which is communicated with the V-shaped surface, the air vent is connected with an air blowing device of a numerical control machine tool, and the air blowing device of the numerical control machine tool is used for automatically controlling the air blowing and the air blowing.

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