CN115191812B - Smokeless pan and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Smokeless pan and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115191812B CN115191812B CN202111048932.XA CN202111048932A CN115191812B CN 115191812 B CN115191812 B CN 115191812B CN 202111048932 A CN202111048932 A CN 202111048932A CN 115191812 B CN115191812 B CN 115191812B
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil-fume-free pot and a manufacturing method thereof. The smokeless pan comprises a pan body substrate and an amorphous alloy composite coating on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the pan body substrate. The amorphous alloy composite coating comprises an amorphous alloy material and a high specific heat capacity material distributed in the amorphous alloy material. Because the amorphous alloy composite coating has small heat conductivity coefficient and large specific heat capacity, the heat transfer in the oil-fume-free pot is limited, and meanwhile, the temperature of the inner wall of the oil-fume-free pot is raised slightly, so that the temperature of the inner wall of the oil-fume-free pot is lower than the decomposition temperature of common edible oil, and the oil-fume-free effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of household appliances, in particular to an oil-fume-free pot and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The edible oil can be decomposed to form oil smoke when heated at high temperature, if people are in the oil smoke environment for a long time, the formed oil smoke can accelerate the aging of skin and simultaneously make the skin rough and dull; in addition, inhalation of harmful substances in the oil smoke into the lungs increases the risk of lung cancer. The oil-smoke-free pot can reduce the generation of oil smoke to a certain extent, so the oil-smoke-free pot has become the choice of most families.
The cooking fume-free pot has no cooking fume effect because the temperature of the inner wall of the pot bottom is controlled within 220 ℃ within a certain period of time, so that the temperature of the inner wall of the pot bottom is lower than the decomposition temperature of the edible oil by 220 ℃ to 240 ℃, thereby avoiding the formation of cooking fume by the decomposition of the edible oil at high temperature.
The mode that makes no lampblack pot reach the oil smoke effect among the prior art has: (1) increasing the thickness of the pan bottom; (2) adopting a material with low heat conductivity coefficient as the pot body.
However, there are two problems with the non-cooking fumes pans manufactured based on the above-described manner: (1) For the iron pot and the stainless steel pot, the heat conductivity is low but the density is high, and when the thickness exceeds 1mm, the weight of the pot is caused, so that the frying experience is affected; (2) For aluminum pans, because of their high thermal conductivity and low density, they need to be made very thick (e.g., 3.5mm or more), which can also result in a pan body that is very heavy.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept is to provide a cooker without smoke and a method of manufacturing the same.
According to an exemplary embodiment, an oil-free cooking pot includes a pot body substrate and an amorphous alloy composite coating. The amorphous alloy composite coating is positioned on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the pot body matrix, and comprises an amorphous alloy material and high specific heat capacity materials distributed in the amorphous alloy material.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the high specific heat capacity material may be a material having a specific heat capacity greater than 0.56 KJ/(kg×k).
According to an exemplary embodiment, the weight of the high specific heat capacity material may be 30% to 50% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity material.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating may be in the range of 200 μm to 800 μm.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the amorphous alloy material may be selected from at least one of Fe-based amorphous alloy, zr-based amorphous alloy, cu-based amorphous alloy, al-based amorphous alloy, mg-based amorphous alloy, ti-based amorphous alloy, and high-entropy alloy, and the high specific heat capacity material may be selected from at least one of lithium, beryllium, aluminum, tin, lithium, alloys thereof, and oxides thereof.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the high specific heat capacity material may be distributed in the amorphous alloy material in the form of particles.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the particle size of the particulate high specific heat capacity material may be in the range of 300 mesh to 800 mesh.
A method of manufacturing a smokeless pan according to an exemplary embodiment includes: providing a pot body substrate; and forming an amorphous alloy composite coating on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the pot body substrate, wherein the amorphous alloy composite coating comprises an amorphous alloy material and a high specific heat capacity material distributed in the amorphous alloy material.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the amorphous alloy composite coating may include a plurality of layers, and the total thickness of the plurality of layers of the amorphous alloy composite coating may be in the range of 200 μm to 800 μm.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the step of forming the amorphous alloy composite coating layer may include heating the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity material to a supercooled liquid region temperature of the amorphous alloy material before forming the amorphous alloy composite coating layer.
The inventive concept was briefly described above. The invention mainly combines the amorphous alloy material as a main body material and the high specific heat capacity material as heat absorption reinforcement to provide the amorphous alloy composite layer arranged on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the cooker, so that the heat transfer of the cooker in the cooking process can be reduced, and the effect of no oil smoke is achieved.
Detailed Description
An oil smoke free pot and a method of manufacturing the same according to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept will be further described below. The inventive concept may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The heat transfer mode of the oil-free cooker in the use process is mainly heat transfer, and the heat of the heat transfer can be calculated by the following flat wall heat transfer formula.
The flat wall heat conduction formula is:
wherein, Q-heat transfer amount; lambda-material thermal conductivity; b-the wall thickness of the bottom of the pan; s-heat transfer area; t 1-high temperature surface temperature; t 2-no temperature on the low temperature surface;
the above formula can be modified into the following formula (1):
since the formula (1) researches that the temperature varies in the thickness direction of the flat plate, simplifies the formula to flat plate heat transfer per unit area (let s=1), and expresses the heat transfer amount Q by the heat transfer rate Q and the heat transfer time T, the formula (1) can be further simplified to formula (2):
from equation (2): when the outer heat source heats the bottom of the pan, t2 is the temperature of the low temperature surface (namely the temperature of the inner wall of the pan), and t1 is the temperature of the high temperature surface (namely the temperature of the outer wall of the pan); the physical meaning of the left side in the formula (2) is the temperature rising rate, and the right side in the formula (2) is the variable of the pan bottom thickness of the pan body and the heat conductivity coefficient of the pan body material.
As can be seen from the single variable method in the formula (2), other parameters are unchanged, the smaller the lambda (the lower the heat conductivity material is adopted), the smaller the t2 (the lower the temperature of the inner wall of the pot is in the same time). Therefore, the cooking pot body material with low heat conductivity coefficient can achieve the effect of no oil smoke.
In addition, as can be seen from the specific heat capacity formula q=cm Δt, Δt of the material with large specific heat capacity is smaller when absorbing the same heat, and thus the pan material with large specific heat capacity can achieve the effect of no oil smoke.
According to the heat conduction principle and the specific heat capacity formula of the oil-smoke-free pot, the amorphous alloy composite coating which simultaneously has the performances of small heat conduction coefficient and large specific heat capacity is arranged on the surface of the pot body substrate, so that the temperature of the inner wall of the pot bottom can be reduced, and the temperature of the inner wall of the pot bottom is lower than the temperature of heated decomposition of edible oil, thereby avoiding the generation of oil smoke and achieving the effect of reducing the oil smoke.
Hereinafter, a range hood pan and a method of manufacturing the same according to the present inventive concept will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
The smokeless pan according to embodiments of the inventive concept may include a pan body substrate and an amorphous alloy composite coating on an inner and/or outer surface of the pan body substrate.
The body substrate according to the exemplary embodiment may be a known pot body in the art, such as one selected from an iron pot, an aluminum alloy pot, a magnesium alloy pot, a stainless steel pot, a titanium pot, a copper pot, and a composite pot, wherein the composite pot contains at least 2 elements of iron, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and copper, and may have various shapes. However, the inventive concept is not limited to the shape and material of the body base.
The amorphous alloy composite coating according to example embodiments may be formed on an inner surface and/or an outer surface of the body substrate, and may include a material made of an amorphous alloy and a high specific heat capacity material.
In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the amorphous alloy material may be formed in the form of a layer. The amorphous alloy material according to the present inventive concept is not limited to include only amorphous alloys known in the art, but may further include high entropy alloys known in the art. That is, the amorphous alloy material according to the inventive concept may include one or more of an amorphous alloy and a high entropy alloy known in the art.
The amorphous alloy according to the exemplary embodiment may be one or more selected from the group consisting of an iron (Fe) -based amorphous alloy, a zirconium (Zr) -based amorphous alloy, a copper (Cu) -based amorphous alloy, an aluminum (Al) -based amorphous alloy, a magnesium (Mg) -based amorphous alloy, a titanium (Ti) -based amorphous alloy, for example, at least one amorphous alloy selected from the group consisting of an Fe-Mo-Al-B amorphous alloy, (Fe-Cr-Mo-Mn-C-B) -Y amorphous alloy, a Ti-Ni-Cu-Sn amorphous alloy, a Ce-Al-Cu amorphous alloy, and a Zn-Mg-Ca-Y amorphous alloy, and the main element composition thereof may include Fe, zr, cu, al, mg, ti, sn, ni, pb, zn, nd, ga, mo, hf, cr, ca, Y, si, P, B, C, etc., but is not limited thereto. For example, the number of the cells to be processed, the amorphous alloy has the components expressed in atomic percent of Zr60-Cr20-Al13-Ni5-Hf2, zr65- (Ti) -Ni10-Al10-C [ mu ] 15, fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5, fe50-Zr20-Cr9-B6-C [ mu ] 10-Y5, fe40-Mo5-Al40-B15, (Fe 50-Cr7-Mo8.6-Mn 11.2-C15.8-B5.9) 98.5-Y1.5, ti50-Ni7.5-Cu40-Sn2.5, ce60-Al20-Cu20, zn40-Mg11-Ca31-Y18 and the like. In addition, the high-entropy alloy according to the exemplary embodiment may refer to an alloy that includes five or more alloy elements and that has equal or substantially equal atomic percentages of various alloy components, as known in the art. For example, the high entropy alloy may be Fe20-Sn20-Pb20-P20-C20, etc. Accordingly, the inventive concept is not described in detail for high entropy alloys, and the inventive concept is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, the amorphous alloy and the high-entropy alloy are collectively referred to as an amorphous alloy material. However, it will be understood that when referring to amorphous alloy materials, amorphous alloy powders, and/or amorphous alloy coatings, high entropy alloys may be included therein, or only amorphous alloys may be included without high entropy alloys. For example, when amorphous alloy material, amorphous alloy powder and/or amorphous alloy coating are mentioned, they may be composed of only amorphous alloy or of amorphous alloy and high entropy alloy.
The high specific heat capacity material may be distributed in the form of a particulate powder in a layer formed of an amorphous alloy. The high specific heat capacity material according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may be a material having a specific heat capacity value of more than 0.56 KJ/(kg×k) (for example, 20% higher than the specific heat capacity of metallic iron), and may be at least any one selected from metals having a large specific heat capacity (such as beryllium, aluminum, tin, lithium), alloys of the metals (such as aluminum lithium alloy), and oxides of the metals.
The amorphous alloy composite coating according to the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept may be disposed on the inner and/or outer surfaces of the pot body substrate in the form of a layer as described above and may have a thickness ranging from 200 μm to 800 μm, and the amorphous alloy composite coating according to the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept may be formed of a composite material including an amorphous alloy material and a high specific heat capacity material, such as ion spray. Here, since the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating layer according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may be controlled in the range of 200 μm to 800 μm, this: the problem that the heat insulation effect is not obvious when the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating is smaller than 200 mu m is avoided, and the problem that more thermal stress is concentrated in the amorphous alloy composite coating when the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating is larger than 800 mu m is avoided, so that the strength of the amorphous alloy composite coating is reduced, the defects are increased, the amorphous structure in the amorphous alloy composite coating is promoted to be converted into a crystalline phase structure, the performance of the amorphous alloy composite coating is changed, and finally the amorphous alloy composite coating is cracked and fails.
For example, according to an exemplary embodiment, a composite powder including an amorphous alloy powder (including an amorphous alloy, or may further include a high-entropy alloy) and a high specific heat capacity powder may be sprayed on a surface of a body substrate using a plasma spraying process to form an amorphous alloy layer having granular high specific heat capacity powder distributed therein on the surface (e.g., inner surface, outer surface) of the body substrate, thereby obtaining an amorphous alloy composite coating layer contemplated by the present invention. The surfaces of the body substrates described herein may refer to both the outer surfaces of the body substrates and the inner surfaces of the body substrates. Since the amorphous alloy powder in the composite powder of the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept has an amorphous structure, which does not have a structure having grain boundaries, twins, lattice defects, dislocations, faults, etc., like crystals, atomic vibration and movement of free electrons in the amorphous alloy powder of the amorphous structure are more difficult, heat transfer by means of the vibration of atoms and movement of free electrons is unfavorable, and thus, the amorphous alloy powder has a low thermal conductivity; while the high specific heat capacity powder has lower temperature rise (small delta t value) when absorbing the same heat as the common material. Therefore, the amorphous alloy composite coating formed on the surface of the pot body substrate through a process such as plasma spraying can not only have an amorphous structure but also comprise granular high specific heat capacity powder, so that the amorphous alloy composite coating not only can have small heat conductivity coefficient, but also can have large specific heat capacity, so that the amorphous alloy composite coating formed on the surface of the pot body substrate not only limits heat transfer in the lampblack-free pot, but also causes the temperature of the bottom wall of the inner wall of the lampblack-free pot to rise less (delta t value is smaller when the large specific heat capacity material absorbs the same heat), thereby leading the temperature of the inner wall surface of the pot bottom of the lampblack-free pot to be lower than the decomposition temperature of common edible oil, avoiding lampblack generated by the heated decomposition of common edible oil, and leading the lampblack-free pot to have excellent lampblack-free performance.
The method of forming the amorphous alloy composite layer by the plasma spraying process is described above by way of example, however, the inventive concept is not limited to the method of forming the amorphous alloy composite layer. That is, a person skilled in the art can select an appropriate method of forming the amorphous alloy composite layer according to the inventive concept. In addition, note that, since beryllium is toxic, when the high specific heat capacity material contains beryllium, a composite material formed of an amorphous alloy material and a high specific heat capacity material together is preferably formed on the outer surface of the body base by a plasma spraying process.
As described above, the composite material including the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity material may be sprayed on the surface of the body substrate using a plasma spraying process. Here, the particle size of the composite material may be controlled in the range of 300 mesh to 800 mesh. That is, both the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity material in the composite material may be provided in the form of particles, and may be controlled in the range of 300 mesh to 800 mesh, respectively. This is because: if the granularity of the composite material is more than 300 meshes, the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by plasma spraying has the problems of rough surface and high porosity, so that the quality of the formed amorphous alloy composite coating is lower; in addition, the amorphous alloy composite coating with high porosity can further reduce the corrosion resistance and shorten the service life of the oil-free pot; if the particle size of the composite material is less than 800 meshes, the composite material is easy to overheat during plasma spraying, so that the amorphous structure of the amorphous alloy material is converted into a crystallized structure, and the performance of the amorphous alloy composite coating is reduced. In addition, according to practical experience, the smaller the particle size of the material, the higher the technological requirement for manufacturing the material and the higher the manufacturing cost of the material, so if the amorphous alloy composite coating is manufactured by adopting the ultra-fine composite material, the manufacturing cost of the oil-free pot tends to be increased, and the market share of the oil-free pot is reduced.
In addition, the mass fraction of the high specific heat capacity material in the composite material can be controlled within the range of 30% -50%. If the mass fraction of the high specific heat capacity material is less than 30%, the heat absorption effect of the formed amorphous alloy composite coating is not obvious; in addition, since the amorphous alloy material has better wear resistance and corrosion resistance than the high specific heat capacity powder, if the mass fraction of the high specific heat capacity material is more than 50%, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the formed amorphous alloy composite coating are reduced, resulting in a shortened service life of the oil-free pot.
Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the non-cooking fume pot according to the inventive concept will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
The manufacturing method of the smokeless pan according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may include the steps of providing amorphous alloy composite powder, treating a pan body substrate, plasma spraying an amorphous alloy composite coating on the surface of the pan body substrate, and the like, thereby obtaining the smokeless pan according to the inventive concept. Here, although the respective steps are described sequentially, such order does not represent an actual process order. That is, when two or more process steps are described sequentially, the respective process steps may be performed in the reverse order. For example, the step of processing and the step of providing the amorphous alloy composite powder may be performed simultaneously, or the step of processing may be performed first and then the step of providing the amorphous alloy powder may be performed. In addition, according to the inventive concept, one or more steps in the manufacturing method of the non-cooking fume pot may be omitted. For example, the step of treating the body base may be omitted. However, the inventive concept is not limited thereto.
The method of forming an amorphous alloy composite coating according to an exemplary embodiment may include a plasma spraying process, and thus in order to avoid problems such as segregation of the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by plasma spraying, which may cause non-uniform performance (e.g., non-uniform heating), the amorphous alloy material (powder) and the high specific heat capacity material (powder) may be sufficiently mixed before plasma spraying the pot body substrate, wherein the mass fraction of the high specific heat capacity in the composite material may be 30% -50%. As an example, the high specific heat capacity material and the amorphous alloy material may be mixed by ball milling, cladding granulation, or spray granulation. However, the inventive concept is not limited to the mixing manner of the high specific heat capacity material and the amorphous alloy material, and a person skilled in the art may select an appropriate mixing manner therebetween according to the inventive concept. In the following detailed description, a mixing manner of a high specific heat capacity material and an amorphous alloy material is exemplarily described mainly by a form of ball milling, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The body substrate may be treated prior to, simultaneously with or after the amorphous alloy powder is provided. According to an exemplary embodiment, the surface of the body base may be treated chemically and/or physically. According to a specific example, the oil stains on the surface of the pot body substrate can be cleaned by an alkaline solvent, so that the binding force between the amorphous alloy composite coating and the pot body substrate is improved; in addition, in order to further enhance the bonding force between the amorphous alloy composite coating and the pot body substrate, the pot body substrate may be further subjected to sand blasting on the basis of degreasing the pot body substrate, so that the roughness of the surface of the pot body substrate may be increased (for example, the roughness Ra may be up to 2 μm to 5 μm), so that the amorphous alloy composite coating may be firmly attached to the pot body substrate. According to an exemplary embodiment, the step of treating the body substrate may be omitted.
The step of treating the body substrate according to an exemplary embodiment may further include the step of preheating the body substrate. By preheating, the temperature difference between the pot body substrate and the composite powder which is heated and melted during plasma spraying can be reduced, so that the thermal stress between the pot body substrate and the amorphous alloy composite coating can be reduced, the amorphous alloy composite coating is firmly attached to the pot body substrate on one hand, and cracks generated by overlarge thermal stress and the original effect of the composite coating is finally lost in the service process on the other hand. As an example, the body substrate may be preheated to 200 to 300 ℃ using a preheating device such as a heating furnace, but the inventive concept is not limited thereto, and the heating step may be omitted.
After the body substrate is treated and after the composite alloy powder is provided, a plasma spray process may be employed to form an amorphous alloy composite coating on the surface of the body substrate.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the amorphous alloy composite layer is mainly formed by adopting a plasma spraying process, so that when the amorphous alloy composite coating is sprayed by plasma, the composite material can be heated to the temperature of a supercooled liquid phase region of the amorphous alloy material (the supercooled liquid phase region is the difference between the crystallization temperature and the glass transition temperature of the material, therefore, the supercooled liquid phase region is a temperature region, the lower limit of the temperature region is the glass transition temperature of the material, at the moment, the amorphous alloy material can be fully deformed to form the coating, and meanwhile, the crystallization temperature is not reached, the original amorphous structure is kept), the amorphous alloy material with the amorphous structure is superplastic formed into the amorphous alloy layer in the supercooled liquid phase region, and the amorphous alloy material melting in the supercooled liquid phase temperature region of the amorphous alloy material can be met when the plasma spraying is performed, and the transition from the amorphous alloy material with the amorphous structure to the crystallization can be reduced. In addition, the high specific heat capacity material is prevented from being heated and melted in the plasma spraying process, so that the high specific heat capacity material is distributed in the amorphous alloy layer in a granular form, and therefore, the amorphous alloy composite coating sprayed on the surface of the pot body substrate through plasma has an amorphous structure and also comprises the high specific heat capacity material dispersed in the amorphous alloy layer.
As an example, parameters employed in the plasma spray amorphous alloy composite coating process may be: the transfer arc power is 35Kw, the arc current is 500A-600A, the spraying distance is 120 mm-150 mm, and the spraying angle is 60-80 degrees; the powder feeding speed is 30 g/min-50 g/min; the hydrogen pressure is 0.3 MPa-0.5 MPa, and the flow is 2L/min-3L/min; the main working gas is argon, the pressure is 0.6 Mpa-0.8 Mpa, and the flow is 40L/min-50L/min; the powder feeding gas is nitrogen, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa-0.6 Mpa.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the amorphous alloy composite coating layer formed after the plasma spraying may have a thickness of 200 μm to 800 μm. However, it is noted that when a thickness of 200 μm to 800 μm is formed via one spray coating, overheating of the amorphous alloy coating is liable to occur, whereas when the amorphous alloy coating is overheated, the heat accumulating coating internal temperature may be caused to exceed the liquid metal powder crystallization temperature, thereby liable to cause crystallization transition of the coating internal structure. Meanwhile, the temperature difference between the overheated coating and the surrounding environment is large, so that thermal stress is easy to generate, and small cracks exist in the coating. Therefore, in order to avoid overheating of the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by the one-time plasma spraying, a plurality of plasma spraying may be used to form a multi-layer amorphous alloy composite coating having a thickness of 200 μm to 800 μm, and the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating may be controlled to be about 45 μm to 55 μm each time. However, the inventive concept is not limited thereto, that is, the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating layer per plasma spray may be appropriately adjusted by those skilled in the art under the teachings of the inventive concept. Hereinafter, the inventive concept will be described taking as an example that the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating layer is controlled to 50 μm each time of plasma spraying.
After forming the amorphous alloy composite coating, the resulting structure may be subjected to a cooling and sanding process to obtain a smokeless pan according to the inventive concept. Here, the step of sanding may include sanding the surface of the amorphous alloy composite coating on the pot body substrate with 120-mesh sandpaper, thereby obtaining an oil-fume-free pot having a roughness Ra of 1 μm to 2 μm.
The lampblack-free cooker and the manufacturing method thereof according to the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are described in detail above in connection with the exemplary embodiments. The advantageous effects of the inventive concept will be embodied in the following in conjunction with specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The smokeless pan according to the inventive concept is manufactured by the following steps.
S110: the amorphous alloy powder and the high specific heat capacity powder are provided, and the amorphous alloy composite powder with 300-350 meshes of granularity is obtained through ball milling and mixing. Here, the amorphous alloy composite powder is Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5 amorphous alloy, the high specific heat capacity powder is aluminum tin alloy powder, and the high specific heat capacity powder in the amorphous alloy composite powder accounts for 30wt% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy composite powder.
S120: the inner surface of the iron pot body matrix is cleaned and degreased by sodium hydroxide solvent with the concentration of 0.5g/L, and then the inner surface of the pot body matrix is subjected to sand blasting treatment so as to ensure that the surface roughness of the pot body matrix reaches 3 mu m.
S130: and preheating the pot body substrate treated in the step S120 to 280 ℃ by adopting a heating furnace.
S140: and spraying the composite powder on the inner surface of the pot body substrate by plasma spraying, forming an amorphous alloy composite coating with the thickness of 200 mu m on the inner surface of the pot body substrate by four times of plasma spraying, wherein the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating sprayed by plasma is 50 mu m each time, and parameters of the amorphous alloy composite coating sprayed by plasma are as follows, so as to finally obtain the primary oil-free pot. The technological parameters of the plasma spraying process are as follows: the transfer arc power is 35Kw, the arc current is 500A, the spraying distance is 130mm, and the spraying angle is 70 degrees; the powder feeding speed is 40g/min; the hydrogen pressure is 0.4MPa, and the flow is 2.4L/min; the main working gas is argon, the pressure is 0.68Mpa, and the flow is 52L/min; the powder feeding gas is nitrogen, and the pressure is 0.54Mpa.
S150: and (3) sequentially cooling and sanding the primary non-cooking fume pot obtained in the step (140) to obtain the product non-cooking fume pot with the surface roughness Ra of 1.4 mu m.
Example 2
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in the embodiment 2 is the same as that in the embodiment 1, except that: the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by ten plasma spraying in step S140 has a thickness of 500 μm and a thickness of 50 μm per spraying.
Example 3
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in example 3 is the same as that in example 1, except that: the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by sixteen plasma spraying in step S140 has a thickness of 800 μm and a thickness of 50 μm per spraying.
Example 4
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in example 4 is the same as that in example 1, except that: the high specific heat capacity powder in the amorphous alloy composite powder in step S140 accounts for 40wt% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy composite powder.
Example 5
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in example 5 is the same as that in example 1, except that: the high specific heat capacity powder in the amorphous alloy composite powder in step S140 accounts for 50wt% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy composite powder.
Comparative example 1
The manufacturing method of the smokeless pan in comparative example 1 is the same as that in example 1, except that: the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by the plasma spraying twice in step S140 is 100 μm, and the thickness of each spraying is 50 μm.
Comparative example 2
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in comparative example 2 is the same as in example 1, except that: the high specific heat capacity powder in the amorphous alloy composite powder in step S140 accounts for 10wt% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy composite powder.
Comparative example 3
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in comparative example 3 is the same as in example 1, except that: comparative example 3 was sprayed with only amorphous powder and not with high specific heat capacity powder.
Comparative example 4
The manufacturing method of the lampblack-free pot in comparative example 4 is the same as in example 1, except that: comparative example 4 was sprayed with only the powder having a large specific heat capacity, and was not sprayed with the amorphous alloy powder.
Performance tests of the smokeless pans manufactured in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-4 according to QB/T4223-2011 "smokeless pan" are shown in the following table:
as shown in the performance test table of the oil-free pot, the oil temperature of the center of the pot is lower than the decomposition temperature of common edible oil (220-240 ℃ in the decomposition temperature of common edible oil) in the use process of the oil-free pot with the amorphous alloy composite coating plasma sprayed on the inner surface of the pot body substrate, and the oil-free pot has excellent oil-free effect in the use process. In addition, the amorphous alloy composite coating on the inner surface of the pot in the invention has no phenomena of falling, cracking and the like, and is more corrosion-resistant by adopting the amorphous alloy composite coating formed by the composite material with the granularity of 300 meshes-800 meshes, wherein the high specific heat capacity material accounts for 30% -50%.
The invention contemplates forming an amorphous alloy composite coating on the surface of a pot body substrate, wherein the amorphous alloy composite coating comprises an amorphous alloy layer and granular high specific heat capacity materials distributed in the amorphous alloy layer, and the formed amorphous alloy composite coating has the characteristics of small heat conductivity and large specific heat capacity; therefore, the amorphous alloy composite coating not only reduces the heat transfer in the oil-smoke-free pot, but also has lower temperature rise compared with common materials when absorbing the same heat, and controls the temperature of the inner wall of the oil-smoke-free pot bottom to be lower than the decomposition temperature of common edible oil, thereby achieving the oil-smoke-free effect of the pot. In addition, the thickness of 200-800 μm not only avoids the problem of unobvious heat insulation effect; and the defects of the amorphous alloy composite coating, such as strength reduction and defect increase, caused by more heat stress accumulated in the amorphous alloy composite coating when the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating is more than 800 mu m, are avoided, and finally the amorphous alloy composite coating is cracked and fails. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention not only solves the problem of heavy pot body in the prior art, but also has good lampblack-free effect.
While certain embodiments have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made in these embodiments (e.g., different features described in the different embodiments may be combined) without departing from the principles and spirit of the inventive concept, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A smokeless pan, the smokeless pan comprising:
a pot body base body;
the amorphous alloy composite coating is positioned on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the pot body matrix, the amorphous alloy composite coating comprises an amorphous alloy material and high specific heat capacity materials distributed in the amorphous alloy material,
wherein the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating is in the range of 200-800 mu m,
wherein the weight of the high specific heat capacity material is 30-50% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity material,
wherein, when the inner surface of the pot body substrate comprises an amorphous alloy composite coating, the high specific heat capacity material included in the amorphous alloy composite coating is selected from at least one of lithium, aluminum, tin, alloys thereof and oxides thereof, and
wherein, when the outer surface of the pot body substrate comprises an amorphous alloy composite coating, the high specific heat capacity material included in the amorphous alloy composite coating is selected from at least one of lithium, beryllium, aluminum, tin, alloys thereof and oxides thereof.
2. The smokeless pan of claim 1 wherein the high specific heat capacity material is a material having a specific heat capacity greater than 0.56 KJ/(Kg x K).
3. The smokeless pan of claim 1 wherein the cooking chamber comprises a plurality of cooking chambers,
the amorphous alloy material is at least one selected from Fe-based amorphous alloy, zr-based amorphous alloy, cu-based amorphous alloy, al-based amorphous alloy, mg-based amorphous alloy, ti-based amorphous alloy and high-entropy alloy.
4. The smokeless pan of claim 1 wherein the high specific heat capacity material is in the form of particles distributed in the amorphous alloy material.
5. The smokeless pan of claim 4 wherein the particulate high specific heat capacity material has a particle size in the range of 300 mesh to 800 mesh.
6. A method of manufacturing a range hood pan, the method comprising:
providing a pot body substrate; and
forming an amorphous alloy composite coating on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the pot body substrate,
wherein the amorphous alloy composite coating comprises an amorphous alloy material and high specific heat capacity materials distributed in the amorphous alloy material, the thickness of the amorphous alloy composite coating is in the range of 200-800 mu m, the weight of the high specific heat capacity materials is 30-50% of the total weight of the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity materials,
wherein, when the inner surface of the pot body substrate comprises an amorphous alloy composite coating, the high specific heat capacity material included in the amorphous alloy composite coating is selected from at least one of lithium, aluminum, tin, alloys thereof and oxides thereof, and
wherein, when the outer surface of the pot body substrate comprises an amorphous alloy composite coating, the high specific heat capacity material included in the amorphous alloy composite coating is selected from at least one of lithium, beryllium, aluminum, tin, alloys thereof and oxides thereof.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the amorphous alloy composite coating comprises multiple layers.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of forming the amorphous alloy composite coating includes heating the amorphous alloy material and the high specific heat capacity material to a supercooled liquid region temperature of the amorphous alloy material prior to forming the amorphous alloy composite coating.
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