CN115184995B - Method for determining walk-slip type earthquake fault-generating direction based on earthquake measurement data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the direction of a walk-slip type earthquake fault based on earthquake measurement data, which comprises the following steps: using a seismic source mechanism to solve parameters, giving out at least two node surfaces possibly indicating the direction of a seismic fault, and calculating to obtain theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each node surface; according to the observation data of the vibration measuring table network, calculating to obtain at least one actual P-wave amplitude distribution; comparing the actual P wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each section plane, and selecting one section plane close to the actual P wave amplitude distribution as a fault plane to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip type earthquake fault. The method can quickly determine the direction of the fracture of the sliding type earthquake onset fault after the earthquake without acquiring excessive earthquake related data mainly based on the earthquake P-wave data, is simple, convenient and quick, and is suitable for quickly judging the direction of the fracture of the earthquake onset fault after the earthquake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic fault direction determination, in particular to a method for determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data.
Background
Determination of the fracture direction is a critical parameter for seismic damage assessment. The fault surface is determined by adopting geological active fault information, and the fault surface is close to the fault trend.
The currently adopted judging method comprises the following steps: performing in-situ geological investigation to identify a seismic fracture zone (Xu Xiwei, sniffing, she Jianqing, et al 2008 wenchuan M S 8.0.0 seismic surface fracture zone and its initiation structure [ J ]. Seismic geology); carrying out accurate aftershock accurate positioning work, wherein the spatial distribution of aftershock after the earthquake is more along the fault plane trend (Su Jinrong, zheng, yang Jiansai, etc. the M7.0 level earthquake and aftershock accurate positioning of the Sichuan reed mountain of 4 months of 2013.2013 and the initial detection of earthquake initiation structure [ J ]. Geophysical school); the major axis direction of the isochrone of the polar region should be the strike of the fault plane (Liu Qifang, yuan Yifan, jinxing 2004. Spatial distribution of ground earthquake motion near the fault [ J ]. Earthquake theory); the inertial and GPS resolved simultaneous earthquake displacement data directly represent fault dislocation directions (2008.A.A.A.A.A.A.of the simultaneous earthquake displacement field [ J ] of the 2008 year wenchuan M S 8.0.0 earthquake, which is measured by the GPS of the project group of national major science engineering, "China crustal motion observation network". A.C. Qu Chunyan, song Xiaogang, zhang Guifang, et al.2008. wenchuan M S 8.0.0 earthquake InSAR simultaneous earthquake deformation field characteristic analysis [ J ] of earthquake geology).
The prior art (Xu Xiwei, jiang Guoyan, yu Guihua, et al.2014. ludian 6.5.5 grade earthquake onset fault determination and its structural attribute discussion [ J ]. Geophysical report), the prior art (Zhao Xu, liu Jie, feng Wei. 2014.2014 Yunnan ludian M S 6.5.5 earthquake focus kinematic feature [ J ]. Earthquake geology), the prior art (Xu Chong, xu Xiwei, shen Lingling, et al. 2014.2014 ludian M S 6.5.5 earthquake trigger landslide record and its indication of some earthquake parameters [ J ]. Earthquake geology) determined the onset fault of ludian earthquake by using ludian earthquake field investigation data, earthquake intensity long axis azimuth, earthquake focus kinematic feature analysis, landslide record information and the like.
However, the above prior art requires a certain time to obtain the related data, and the result cannot be obtained in the early stage of rapid evaluation of the earthquake damage. Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the direction of a walk-slip type earthquake fault based on earthquake measurement data.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the direction of a walk-slip type earthquake fault based on earthquake measurement data, which comprises the following steps:
S1, utilizing a seismic source mechanism to solve parameters, giving out at least two section planes possibly indicating the direction of a seismic fault, and calculating to obtain theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each section plane;
s2, calculating to obtain at least one actual P-wave amplitude distribution according to the observation data of the vibration measuring table network;
S3, comparing the actual P wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each section plane, and selecting one section plane close to the actual P wave amplitude distribution as a fault plane to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip type earthquake fault.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S1 comprises:
Calculating amplitude values through coordinate rotation according to the seismic source mechanism solution parameters and the seismic center station parameters to obtain a dual couple source P wave amplitude value expression through calculation;
and calculating to obtain the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each node surface based on the double couple source P-wave amplitude expression.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when two nodal planes possibly indicating the direction of the vibration fault are given, the dual couple source P-wave amplitude expression is:
wherein, Theoretical displacements of the pitch surface 1 and the pitch surface 2 are respectively represented; m represents the seismic moment; /(I)Representing azimuth angles; θ * represents the average incident angle; u 1 represents the strike angle of the joint surface 1; u 2 represents the strike angle of the joint surface 2; /(I)Λ and μ represent pull Mei Jishu; f represents a constant with respect to speed; v P denotes the P-wave velocity.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S2 comprises:
rotating the vibration measuring table network observation data from a geographic coordinate system NEZ to a ray coordinate system LQT;
under the LQT coordinate system, intercepting a preset number of complete seismic waveform data according to P wave arrival time, and calculating an average value as P wave interception amplitude;
Performing vibration center distance correction processing on the P-wave interception amplitude to obtain corrected P-wave interception amplitude;
Dividing a radiation sector by taking the epicenter as the center of a circle and taking a preset azimuth angle as an interval, averaging the corrected P wave interception amplitudes of the same sector, and carrying out normalization processing on the amplitudes of the sectors to draw and obtain the actual P wave amplitude distribution actually observed by the earthquake measuring station.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the P-wave intercept amplitude is calculated by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the P-wave intercept amplitude; /(I)Representing the number of sampling points of the intercepted waveform in the time range from t 1 to t 2; t 1、t2 represents the interception start time and the interception end time, respectively; l represents an L component in an LQT coordinate system; a i represents the amplitude at the i-th time.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the P-wave intercept amplitude is subjected to a mid-range correction process by the following formula:
Wherein A k represents the mid-seismic correction amplitude for the kth seismic station; Representing the P-wave intercept amplitude; r k represents the distance of the kth seismic station from the epicenter.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the corrected P-wave intercept amplitude for the co-sector is averaged by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the average value of the normalized P-wave interception amplitude; k epsilon 5 degrees represents that the preset azimuth angle is 5 degrees; a k represents the epicenter correction amplitude for the kth seismic station; n k represents the number of seismic stations in the 5 range.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the amplitudes of the sectors are normalized by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the normalized amplitude of each sector; /(I)The average value of the normalized P-wave cut-out amplitude is shown.
According to another aspect of the invention there is also provided a storage medium containing a series of instructions for performing the method steps as described in any one of the above.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data, the apparatus performing the method as set forth in any one of the above, the apparatus comprising:
The node surface theoretical amplitude distribution module is used for giving out at least two node surfaces possibly indicating the direction of the earthquake fault by utilizing the earthquake focus mechanism solution parameters, and calculating to obtain the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each node surface;
The actual amplitude distribution module is used for calculating at least one actual P wave amplitude distribution according to the observation data of the vibration measuring table network;
And the fracture direction confirming module is used for comparing the actual P wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each section plane, and selecting one section plane close to the actual P wave amplitude distribution as a fault plane so as to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip type earthquake fault.
The method for determining the direction of the sliding type earthquake fault based on the earthquake measurement data provided by the invention has the advantages that the direction of the sliding type earthquake fault rupture can be rapidly determined after the earthquake without acquiring excessive earthquake related data mainly based on the earthquake measurement P-wave data, the method is simple, convenient and rapid, the method is suitable for rapidly judging the direction of the earthquake fault rupture after the earthquake, and the reference data can be provided for determining the direction of the earthquake fault and preventing earthquake disaster reduction.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
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The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for determining walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing theoretical displacement coordinates for determining the direction of a walk-slip type earthquake fault based on earthquake data according to one embodiment of the invention, and explaining parameters corresponding to rectangular coordinates and spherical coordinates;
FIG. 3 shows a plot of certain seismic theoretical radiation patterns versus actual data normalized radiation patterns for determining walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals. In addition, the drawings are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The waveform data of the earthquake measuring station is utilized to measure the fracture directivity and fracture fault of the main earthquake (Qin Liubing, chen Weiwen, four lines, etc.) through the difference between the earthquake centroid position and the fracture starting position, 2014. Based on the research of the earthquake fracture directivity measuring method in the relative centroid earthquake, using the example [ J ] of the earthquake yingjiang M S 6.0.0 in the cloud of 2008, the difference between the centroid position and the fracture starting position of the ludian earthquake is measured by adopting the method, the fracture direction is from NW to SE, the fracture length is at least 4km, and the fracture of the main earthquake fracture with 160 degrees is mainly formed.
The moving source model based Doppler effect of the seismic waves can also be used for estimating fault fracture direction (Zhou Qing, zhang Chunshan, chen Xiancheng, 2011, wenchuan M S, asymmetric distribution and cause analysis of 8.0 seismic disasters [ J ]. Seismic theory; li Qicheng, tensor, 2014. Calculating wenchuan aftershock fault sliding velocity function [ J ]. Geophysical progress by Doppler effect. The results of prior art (Zhao Xu, liu Jie, feng Wei. 2014.2014, yunnan ludian M S 6.5.5 seismic source kinematics [ J ]. Seismic geology) studies indicate that ludian seismic fractures exhibit significant directionality, extending primarily toward SE (in the opposite direction of 342 °) and thus result in SE being generally less visible to most stations for fracture duration.
While the above-described prior art techniques have achieved good results, they require large amounts of data to be processed and are difficult to obtain quickly after a major shock has occurred.
In the prior art (Feng Wei, liu Jie, luo Jiahong, hou Jiancheng, xu Wanzhen. Research on the ludian 6.5.5-level earthquake onset fault direction based on strong earthquake and earthquake measurement data. The earthquake geology is 3 months in 2015), 50 strong earthquake station observation records and 135 earthquake station observation records of ludian earthquake are utilized to respectively calculate peak acceleration and match S wave radiation patterns, and the earthquake onset fault direction is discussed, but the main idea is to predict based on S waves, and the fracture direction of the sliding type earthquake onset fault is not determined based on earthquake P waves.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for determining walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S1, at least two nodal planes possibly indicating the direction of the vibration fault are given by using the vibration source mechanism solution parameter, and the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each nodal plane is calculated. Specifically, at least two node surfaces which possibly indicate the direction of the vibration fault are given by using the vibration source mechanism solution parameters, the node surfaces which can indicate the direction of the vibration fault are called fault surfaces, and the rest node surfaces are called auxiliary surfaces. In one embodiment, the seismic waveform record is utilized after earthquake, and at least more than two node surfaces which are possibly fault surfaces can be obtained by adopting the methods of P-wave first arrival direction, CAP waveform inversion and the like.
In one embodiment, step S1 comprises: calculating amplitude values through coordinate rotation according to the seismic source mechanism solution parameters and the seismic center station parameters to obtain a dual couple source P wave amplitude value expression through calculation; based on the double couple source P wave amplitude expression, calculating to obtain the theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each node surface. Specifically, according to the static displacement field expression excited by the seismic couple, a static displacement expression excited by the dual couples in the spherical coordinate system can be obtained. In one embodiment, the static displacement field for seismic couple excitation is expressed as follows:
in one embodiment, the static displacement expression for dual couple excitation in the spherical coordinate system is as follows:
Where u i (i=1, 2, 3) represents displacement in rectangular coordinates (as shown in fig. 2), u r represents radial displacement, u θ, Respectively representing transverse displacement, and theta represents a latitudinal unit vector of the spherical coordinate system; /(I)Representing a radial unit vector of a spherical coordinate system; m represents the seismic moment; /(I)Λ and μ represent the pull Mei Jishu, and the relationship between the rectangular coordinate system and the spherical coordinate system is shown in fig. 2.
And obtaining the maximum amplitude of the P wave along the wave propagation direction by a static displacement expression excited by the double couples under the spherical coordinate system. For the dual couple P-wave radiation pattern is a four-leaf grass curve, the P-wave performance is stronger along the action direction of the force under the control of the modulation factor X.
The modulation factor can be expressed briefly as:
Wherein X represents a modulation factor; Representing azimuth angles; f represents a constant with respect to speed; v P denotes the wave velocity.
For the vibration fault with the main walking and sliding, the trend of the vibration fault can be judged by utilizing the amplitude distribution of the actually observed P waves and calculating the P wave amplitude of the dual couple model according to the P wave amplitude expression of the dual couple source. Specifically, the attenuation along the fault direction is slower, the attenuation perpendicular to the fault direction is faster, the amplitude of the P wave of the observation station is obtained, the P wave displacement distribution of the dual-couple seismic source is staggered on the auxiliary surface, and the fracture surface can be comprehensively judged.
When two joint surfaces possibly indicating the direction of the vibration fault are given, the P-wave amplitude expression of the dual couple source is as follows:
wherein, Theoretical displacements of the pitch surface 1 and the pitch surface 2 are respectively represented; m represents the seismic moment; /(I)Representing azimuth angles; θ * represents the average incident angle; u 1 represents the strike angle of the joint surface 1; u 2 represents the strike angle of the joint surface 2; /(I)Λ and μ represent pull Mei Jishu; f represents a constant with respect to speed; v P denotes the P-wave velocity.
It should be noted that when more than two nodal planes that are likely to indicate the direction of the vibration fault are given, the above expression may also be used as the dual couple source P-wave amplitude expression.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S2, at least one actual P-wave amplitude distribution is calculated according to the observation data of the seismometer network. Specifically, actually observed seismic waveform data is rotated into an LQT coordinate system, P wave data in a half-wavelength time window which is started by an arrival time of a P wave is intercepted according to manual pickup or theoretical P wave arrival time, average amplitude in a selected time range is calculated, and a calculated result is used as P wave interception amplitude of the station.
In one embodiment, step S2 includes steps S21 to S24, wherein in step S21, the seismometer mesh observation data is rotated from the geographic coordinate system NEZ to the ray coordinate system LQT.
In one embodiment, the transformation matrix is as follows:
wherein, Representing the reverse azimuth; θ * represents an incident angle.
In step S22, under the LQT coordinate system, a preset number of complete seismic waveform data are intercepted according to the arrival time of the P-wave, and an average value is calculated as the P-wave interception amplitude. Specifically, the preset number is 2 or 3.
In one embodiment, the P-wave intercept amplitude is calculated by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the P-wave intercept amplitude; /(I)Representing the number of sampling points of the intercepted waveform in the time range from t 1 to t 2; t 1、t2 represents the interception start time and the interception end time, respectively; l represents an L component in an LQT coordinate system; a i represents the amplitude at the i-th time.
In step S23, the P-wave cut-out amplitude is subjected to a center-of-vibration distance correction process to obtain a corrected P-wave cut-out amplitude.
In one embodiment, the P-wave intercept amplitude is subjected to a mid-range correction process by the following formula:
Wherein A k represents the mid-seismic correction amplitude for the kth seismic station; Representing the P-wave intercept amplitude; r k represents the distance of the kth seismic station from the epicenter.
In step S24, a radiation sector is divided with a center of the epicenter as a center of a circle and a preset azimuth angle as an interval, the amplitudes of P-waves corrected by the same sector are averaged, and the amplitudes of the sectors are normalized to draw an actual P-wave amplitude distribution actually observed by the seismometer station. Specifically, the preset azimuth angle is 5 °.
In one embodiment, the co-fanned P-wave intercept amplitude is averaged by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the average value of the normalized P-wave interception amplitude; k epsilon 5 degrees represents that the preset azimuth angle is 5 degrees; a k represents the epicenter correction amplitude for the kth seismic station; n k represents the number of seismic stations in the 5 range.
In one embodiment, the amplitudes of the sectors are normalized by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the normalized amplitude of each sector; /(I)The average value of the normalized P-wave cut-out amplitude is shown.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S3, the actual P-wave amplitude distribution is compared with the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each section, and one section close to the actual P-wave amplitude distribution is selected as a fault plane to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip seismic fault. Specifically, by comparing the actual P-wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical distribution pattern, one node surface close to the actual P-wave amplitude distribution is selected as a fault surface from among the plurality of theoretical P-wave amplitude distributions, and the fault surface is determined as the walk-slip type seismic fault fracture direction.
As shown in fig. 3, a process of determining the fracture direction of the fracture of the earthquake fault by theoretical radiation patterns of earthquake events with a magnitude greater than 6 levels and actual observation data is given. Two fault section parameters are obtained by the step S1, the observation data normalized radiation pattern is obtained by the step S2, and the fact that the earthquake onset fault fracture propagates along the 165-degree direction of the section can be determined by comparing the actual P wave amplitude normalized radiation pattern with the two fault section radiation patterns by the step S3.
The method for rapidly determining the direction of the fracture of the sliding type earthquake initiation fault based on the earthquake detection P-wave data utilizes the earthquake detection platform network data obtained after the earthquake, calculates the longitudinal wave amplitude according to the earthquake wave polarization principle, thereby determining the fracture direction of the initiation fault, rapidly judging the fracture direction of the sliding type earthquake fault based on the earthquake platform network observation data, and providing a reference basis for confirming the earthquake initiation fault and disaster evaluation.
The method for determining the walk-slip type earthquake fault direction based on the earthquake measurement data can be matched with a computer-readable storage medium, the storage medium is stored with a computer program, and the computer program is executed to run the method for determining the walk-slip type earthquake fault direction based on the earthquake measurement data. The computer program is capable of executing computer instructions, which include computer program code, which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc.
The computer readable storage medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth.
It should be noted that the content of the computer readable storage medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of the jurisdiction's legislation and the patent practice, for example, in some jurisdictions, the computer readable storage medium does not include an electrical carrier signal and a telecommunication signal according to the legislation and the patent practice.
The invention also provides a device for determining the direction of the walk-slip type earthquake onset fault based on the earthquake measurement data, which executes a method for determining the direction of the walk-slip type earthquake onset fault based on the earthquake measurement data, and the device comprises the following steps: a pitch theory amplitude distribution module, an actual amplitude distribution module and a fracture direction confirmation module.
Specifically, the node surface theoretical amplitude distribution module is used for giving out at least two node surfaces possibly indicating the direction of the earthquake fault by utilizing the earthquake focus mechanism solution parameter, and calculating to obtain the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each node surface; the actual amplitude distribution module is used for calculating at least one actual P wave amplitude distribution according to the observation data of the vibration measuring table network; the fracture direction confirming module is used for comparing the actual P-wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each section plane, and selecting one section plane close to the actual P-wave amplitude distribution as a fault plane so as to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip type earthquake fault.
In summary, the method for determining the direction of the sliding type earthquake fault based on the earthquake measurement data provided by the invention can rapidly determine the direction of the sliding type earthquake fault rupture after the earthquake without acquiring excessive earthquake related data, mainly based on the earthquake measurement P-wave data, is simple, convenient and rapid, is suitable for rapidly judging the direction of the earthquake fault rupture after the earthquake, and can provide reference data for determining the direction of the fault and preventing earthquake disaster reduction.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the specific structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but are intended to extend to equivalents of these features as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are disclosed above, the embodiments are only used for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is still subject to the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data, the method comprising the steps of:
S1, utilizing a seismic source mechanism to solve parameters, giving out at least two section planes possibly indicating the direction of a seismic fault, and calculating to obtain theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each section plane;
s2, calculating to obtain at least one actual P-wave amplitude distribution according to the observation data of the vibration measuring table network;
S3, comparing the actual P wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each section plane, and selecting one section plane close to the actual P wave amplitude distribution as a fault plane to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip type earthquake fault;
step S1 comprises: calculating amplitude values through coordinate rotation according to the seismic source mechanism solution parameters and the seismic center station parameters to obtain a dual couple source P wave amplitude value expression through calculation; calculating to obtain theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each node surface based on the double couple source P wave amplitude expression;
When two node surfaces possibly indicating the direction of the vibration fault are given, the P-wave amplitude expression of the dual couple source is as follows:
the modulation factor is expressed as:
wherein, Theoretical displacements of the pitch surface 1 and the pitch surface 2 are respectively represented; m represents the seismic moment; /(I)Representing azimuth angles; θ * represents the average incident angle; u 1 represents the strike angle of the joint surface 1; u 2 represents the strike angle of the joint surface 2; /(I)Λ and μ represent pull Mei Jishu; f represents a constant with respect to speed; v P denotes the P-wave velocity; x represents a modulation factor.
2. The method of determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S2 comprises:
rotating the vibration measuring table network observation data from a geographic coordinate system NEZ to a ray coordinate system LQT;
under the LQT coordinate system, intercepting a preset number of complete seismic waveform data according to P wave arrival time, and calculating an average value as P wave interception amplitude;
Performing vibration center distance correction processing on the P-wave interception amplitude to obtain corrected P-wave interception amplitude;
Dividing a radiation sector by taking the epicenter as the center of a circle and taking a preset azimuth angle as an interval, averaging the corrected P wave interception amplitudes of the same sector, and carrying out normalization processing on the amplitudes of the sectors to draw and obtain the actual P wave amplitude distribution actually observed by the earthquake measuring station.
3. The method for determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data as claimed in claim 2, wherein the P-wave intercept amplitude is calculated by the following formula:
wherein, Representing the P-wave intercept amplitude; /(I)Representing the number of sampling points of the intercepted waveform in the time range from t 1 to t 2; t 1、t2 represents the interception start time and the interception end time, respectively; l represents an L component in an LQT coordinate system; a i represents the amplitude at the i-th time.
4. The method of determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data as claimed in claim 2, wherein the P-wave intercept amplitude is subjected to a mid-range correction process by the following formula:
Wherein A k represents the mid-seismic correction amplitude for the kth seismic station; Representing the P-wave intercept amplitude; r k represents the distance of the kth seismic station from the epicenter.
5. A method of determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data as claimed in claim 2 wherein the corrected P-wave intercept amplitudes from the same sector are averaged by the formula:
wherein, Representing the average value of the normalized P-wave interception amplitude; k epsilon 5o represents that the preset azimuth angle is 5o; a k represents the epicenter correction amplitude for the kth seismic station; n k represents the number of seismic stations in the 5 range.
6. A method of determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data as claimed in claim 2, wherein the amplitudes of the sectors are normalized by the formula:
wherein, Representing the normalized amplitude of each sector; /(I)The average value of the normalized P-wave cut-out amplitude is shown.
7. A storage medium containing a series of instructions for performing the method steps of any one of claims 1-6.
8. An apparatus for determining a walk-slip type seismic fault direction based on seismic data, wherein the method of any of claims 1-6 is performed, the apparatus comprising:
The node surface theoretical amplitude distribution module is used for giving out at least two node surfaces possibly indicating the direction of the earthquake fault by utilizing the earthquake focus mechanism solution parameters, and calculating to obtain the theoretical P-wave amplitude distribution of each node surface;
The actual amplitude distribution module is used for calculating at least one actual P wave amplitude distribution according to the observation data of the vibration measuring table network;
And the fracture direction confirming module is used for comparing the actual P wave amplitude distribution with the theoretical P wave amplitude distribution of each section plane, and selecting one section plane close to the actual P wave amplitude distribution as a fault plane so as to determine the fracture direction of the walk-slip type earthquake fault.
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