CN115184945B - Signal restoration method for measuring pulse laser based on array detection method - Google Patents
Signal restoration method for measuring pulse laser based on array detection method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
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- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
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Abstract
The invention relates to pulse laser signal restoration, in particular to a signal restoration method for measuring pulse laser based on an array detection method. In order to solve the technical problem that the existing recovery method can not meet the requirements of narrow pulse width and low repetition frequency pulse laser measurement, the invention provides a signal recovery method for measuring pulse laser based on an array detection method, which comprises the following steps: converting the pulse laser signal into N paths of pulse electric signals; n charge integration circuits are used for stretching N paths of pulse electric signals respectively to obtain N paths of pulse stretched electric signals, and N charge discharge curves are generated; asynchronous sampling is carried out on the N paths of pulse stretching electric signals to obtain N groups of sampling data; determining a time zero point t 0 according to the obtained N groups of sampling data; and respectively selecting one point on the N charge discharge curves as a sampling point, and respectively calculating light intensity sequences at the N photoelectric detectors through the N sampling points and the unique time zero point t 0 so as to restore the pulse laser signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to pulse laser signal restoration, in particular to a signal restoration method for measuring pulse laser based on an array detection method.
Background
In a laser inclined-path atmospheric transmission test, an array detection method based on a photoelectric detector is an effective means for measuring the laser far-field spot intensity space-time distribution. In the prior art, a photoelectric detector array is formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric detectors according to lattice distribution and is used for spatially sampling light spots, the photoelectric detector array converts optical signals into electric signals and then performs signal acquisition processing, power values of the photoelectric detectors at distribution points of the array are obtained through calculation, and finally, image restoration is performed according to the spatial distribution values of the power, so that light spot images and far-field light spot parameters are obtained. That is, only the waveform of each pulse is obtained, the integral value of the waveform can be obtained to reflect the laser single pulse energy, the frame frequency requirement of the acquisition circuit is high, and the requirement is difficult to meet in the application occasions of measuring narrow pulse width and low repetition frequency pulse lasers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing recovery method cannot meet the measurement requirements of narrow-pulse-width and low-repetition-frequency pulse lasers, and provides a signal recovery method for measuring pulse lasers based on an array detection method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
The signal recovery method based on the array detection method for measuring the pulse laser is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: irradiating a pulse laser signal on an array detector, wherein the array detector comprises N photoelectric detectors which are arranged according to a certain mapping relation and are used for converting the pulse laser signal into N paths of pulse electric signals, wherein N is a positive integer;
Step 2: the array detector uses N charge integration circuits to broaden N paths of pulse electric signals respectively to obtain N paths of pulse broadening electric signals, and N charge discharge curves corresponding to the N charge integration circuits are generated respectively in the broadening process;
step 3, asynchronously sampling the N paths of pulse stretching electric signals to obtain N groups of sampling data;
step 4, respectively selecting M points in each group of obtained sampling data as zero point measuring points to obtain M x N zero point measuring points, and determining a unique time zero point t 0 according to the M x N zero point measuring points, wherein M is a positive integer;
step 5, selecting one point on the N charge discharge curves as a sampling point respectively to obtain N sampling points;
Step 6, calculating response current i 0 of each photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal through N sampling points and a unique time zero point t 0;
step 7, according to the response current I 0 of each photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal, respectively calculating to obtain the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on each photoelectric detector;
And 8, arranging the light intensities I on the N photoelectric detectors one by one according to the mapping relation with the N photoelectric detectors to obtain the power density distribution of the pulse laser signals, and further recovering the pulse laser signals.
Further, N charge integrating circuits in step 2 are connected in series.
Further, in step 2, each of the charge integration circuits is a first-order RC circuit, including a load R and an integration capacitor C, and defining the time constant of the charge integration circuit as τ, the time constant τ, the load R and the integration capacitor C satisfy the following relationship:
τ＝RC
Wherein the values of the load R and the integrating capacitor C in each charge integrating circuit are determined according to the following steps:
Step 2.1, defining I s as a saturation threshold of the photodetector, U max as the highest output voltage of the photodetector, a as the area of the photosensitive surface of the photodetector, and R e as the response rate of the photodetector, and calculating the value of the load R in the charge integrating circuit corresponding to the value according to the following formula:
and 2.2, substituting the value of the load R into tau=RC, calculating to obtain the value of the integrating capacitor C in the charge integrating circuit, and further determining the corresponding charge integrating circuit.
Further, determining a unique time zero point t 0 in step 4 includes the following steps:
Step 4.1, arranging M, N and equivalent measurement points according to time sequence;
step 4.2, sequentially comparing M×N equivalent measurement points, and taking two equivalent measurement points which are converted from zero signals to pulse signals as zero point criteria;
and 4.3, selecting an equivalent measurement point with a previous time sequence in the zero criterion as a time zero t 0.
Further, in step 6, the calculation formula of the response current i 0 of the photodetector to the pulse laser signal is:
Wherein t 1 represents the sampling time of the sampling point, U 1 represents the output voltage of the photodetector at time t 1, (t 1,U1) represents the sampling point selected on the charge discharge curve, and w is the pulse width of the pulse electric signal after the pulse laser signal is converted by the photodetector.
Further, in step 7, the calculation formula of the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on the corresponding photodetector is:
Wherein alpha is the light intensity attenuation multiple.
Further, in step 3, the multiple photodetector channels are subjected to gating timing by using an analog multi-way switch, so that asynchronous sampling of the multiple photodetector channels is realized, wherein gating is switched once for all photodetectors in each frame of sampling.
In step 5, the sampling points on the charge-discharge curves all select the curve portions corresponding to the falling edges of the pulse-stretching electrical signals on the charge-discharge curves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The invention provides a signal recovery method based on an array detection method for measuring pulse laser. That is, the invention can be suitable for measuring narrow pulse width and low repetition frequency signals by stretching pulse signals through the charge integration circuit under the condition that an acquisition circuit is not required to be changed.
2. According to the signal recovery method based on the array detection method for measuring the pulse laser, the analog multi-way switch is adopted to conduct gating time sequence on the plurality of detector channels, so that asynchronous sampling of multiple channels is achieved, time zero points are determined through multiple groups of sampling data obtained through asynchronous sampling, multi-frame frequency data is utilized for comparison and optimization, and uncertainty of the time zero points is reduced to the greatest extent.
3. The signal recovery method based on the array detection method for measuring the pulse laser provided by the invention has the advantages that only one sampling point is selected on the charge-discharge curve for signal sampling, and compared with the signal sampling based on the Nyquist sampling law in the prior art, the signal recovery method based on the array detection method for measuring the pulse laser has the advantages that the requirement on the sampling frequency is effectively reduced, and the requirement on the sampling frequency is reduced by at least two times.
4. Compared with the prior art that the curve of the laser signal power at the target surface changing along with time can be obtained only when the sampling frequency is high, the method for recovering the signal based on the pulse laser measured by the array detection method provided by the invention can obtain the changing curve only by calculating the light intensity data of the pulse laser signals irradiated on each detector under the condition of low sampling frequency, and has a wide application range.
5. Compared with the prior art that the narrow pulse width and low repetition frequency pulse signals need higher sampling frequency, the signal recovery method based on the array detection method for measuring the pulse laser has the characteristic of low sampling frequency, so that the method can show greater advantages for the narrow pulse width and low repetition frequency pulse signals.
6. The signal recovery method based on the array detection method for measuring the pulse laser provided by the invention can be simultaneously suitable for measuring the continuous system laser signal, and the pulse period can be selected according to actual requirements, so that the method has wide applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of an embodiment of a signal recovery method based on an array detection method for measuring pulse laser;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charge discharging curve generated by expanding a pulse electric signal corresponding to a charge integrating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) is a waveform schematic diagram of the pulse electric signal converted by the detector corresponding to the pulse laser signal; (b) is a schematic representation of a charge discharge curve;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a charge integration circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of N detector channels according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of determining a time zero in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
The invention provides a signal recovery method based on an array detection method for measuring pulse laser, referring to fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: irradiating the pulse laser signals on an array detector, wherein the array detector comprises N photoelectric detectors which are arranged according to a certain mapping relation and are used for converting the pulse laser signals into N paths of pulse electric signals, and N is a positive integer;
In this embodiment, when the pulse laser signal is irradiated on the array photodetector, the power density distribution of the pulse laser signal is spatially different, and N photodetector channels in this embodiment may be represented as [ d 1,d2,…,dn ]. As shown in fig. 2 (a), the waveform expression of each path of the pulse electric signal is:
wherein i 0 is the response current of the photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal, u (T) is a step function, w is the pulse width of the pulse electric signal, and T is the period of the pulse electric signal.
Step 2: the array detector uses N charge integration circuits to broaden N paths of pulse electric signals respectively to obtain N paths of pulse broadening electric signals, and N charge discharge curves corresponding to the N charge integration circuits are generated respectively in the broadening process, as shown in (b) of fig. 2;
Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, N charge integration circuits are connected in series, and each of the N charge integration circuits is a first-order RC circuit, including a load R and an integration capacitor C, and a time constant τ of the charge integration circuit is defined, where the time constant τ satisfies the following relationship with the load R and the integration capacitor C:
τ＝RC
In order to realize the broadening of the multipath pulse electric signal, the corresponding charge integration circuit of each photoelectric detector needs to be determined, namely, the values of the load R and the integration capacitor C in each charge integration circuit are determined. In this embodiment, the values of the load R and the integrating capacitance C in each charge integrating circuit are determined according to the following steps:
Step 2.1, defining I s as a saturation threshold of the photodetector, U max as a highest output voltage of the photodetector, a as an area of a photosensitive surface of the photodetector, and R e as a response rate of the photodetector, and calculating a value of a load R in a charge integrating circuit corresponding to the photodetector according to the following formula:
And 2.2, calculating to obtain the value of the integrating capacitor C in the charge integrating circuit according to the value of the load R in the charge integrating circuit and tau=RC, and further obtaining the corresponding charge integrating circuit of the photoelectric detector.
After the stretching of the multipath pulse electric signals is completed, the voltages at two ends of the load R in each charge integration circuit are calculated according to the waveform expression and the circuit basic knowledge:
In this embodiment, when the discharge process of the charge integration circuit is set to be cut off at 1% of the peak voltage, the following relation is calculated according to the voltage expression at the two ends of the load R:
Wherein U (T) is the output voltage of the photoelectric detector at the moment T after the zero moment is output from the pulse laser, and U (W) is the output voltage of the photoelectric detector at the moment W after the zero moment is output from the pulse laser. The time constant τ and the pulse period T (T > w, which can be ignored) are calculated according to the above relation:
τ≈T/4.6
Of course, in other embodiments, the discharge cutoff voltage of the charge integrating circuit may be set to be 2% of the peak voltage thereof, or may be set to be other values according to the requirement, so that the relationship between the time constant τ and the period T (T > w, which is negligible in the calculation) may be calculated according to the above calculation process.
Step 3, asynchronously sampling the N paths of pulse stretching electric signals to obtain N groups of sampling data;
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the asynchronous sampling of the multiple photodetector channels is achieved by using an analog multiplexer to perform gating timing on the multiple photodetector channels, where all photodetectors in each frame of sampling are gated once, so that all sampling of the N pulse stretching signals can be completed while asynchronous sampling is achieved.
Step 4, respectively selecting M points in each group of obtained sampling data as zero point measuring points to obtain M x N zero point measuring points, and determining a unique time zero point t 0 according to the M x N zero point measuring points, wherein M is a positive integer;
In this embodiment, determining the unique time zero point t 0 includes the steps of:
Step 4.1, arranging M, N and equivalent measurement points according to time sequence;
Step 4.2, comparing m×n equivalent measurement points in turn, and taking two equivalent measurement points which are converted from zero signals (neglecting noise influence) to pulse signals as zero criteria;
And 4.3, selecting an equivalent measurement point with a previous time sequence in the zero point criterion as a time zero point t 0.
In this embodiment, the number of channels of the photo-detector is N, as shown in fig. 4, defining T s as a sampling period of the photo-detector, where the number of sampling points on each photo-detector channel is M, the number of equivalent measurement points is m×n, and the number of equivalent measurement points is used for determining a time zero point, and then a switching time interval between adjacent photo-detector channels is:
As shown in fig. 5, according to the above calculation result, the peak voltage error caused by the zero point position error can be expressed as:
In this embodiment, assuming that the peak voltage error does not exceed 1% of the peak voltage, the minimum value of the selected equivalent measurement point number m×n can be calculated without exceeding the error, that is, when Δu <1%, the value of m×n is greater than 458, that is, the minimum value is 458. Based on the calculation result, determining an actual value of m×n according to an actual error requirement, and at this time, obtaining a switching time interval between adjacent photodetectors by calculation. Of course, in other embodiments, the peak voltage error may be set to 3% of its peak voltage, or other values as desired. It should be noted that, although the discharge cutoff voltage in the charge integrating circuit is set to 1% of its peak voltage and its peak voltage error is not more than 1% of its peak voltage in the present embodiment, the above setting is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and other values may be set in other embodiments, and the setting of the two is not related.
Step 5, selecting one point on the N charge discharge curves as a sampling point respectively to obtain N sampling points;
In this embodiment, in order to obtain stable sampled data, the sampling point generally selects a curve portion on the charge-discharge curve corresponding to the falling edge of the pulse-stretching electrical signal.
Step 6, calculating response current i 0 of each photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal through N sampling points and a unique time zero point t 0;
In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the response current i 0 of the photodetector to the pulse laser signal is:
Wherein t 1 represents the sampling time of the sampling point, U 1 represents the output voltage of the photodetectors at time t 1, (t 1,U1) represents the sampling point selected on the charge discharge curve, and the response current i 0 of each photodetector to the pulse laser signal can be calculated in sequence according to the above formula.
Step 7, according to the response current I 0 of each photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal, respectively calculating to obtain the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on each photoelectric detector;
in this embodiment, the calculation formula of the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on the corresponding photodetector is:
wherein alpha is the light intensity attenuation multiple, and the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on each photoelectric detector can be calculated in sequence according to the formula.
And 8, arranging the light intensities I on the N photoelectric detectors one by one according to the mapping relation with the N photoelectric detectors to obtain the power density distribution of the pulse laser signals, and further recovering the pulse laser signals.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the specific technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions protected by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A signal recovery method based on array detection method measuring pulse laser is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: irradiating a pulse laser signal on an array detector, wherein the array detector comprises N photoelectric detectors which are arranged according to a mapping relation and are used for converting the pulse laser signal into N paths of pulse electric signals, wherein N is a positive integer;
Step 2: the array detector uses N charge integration circuits to broaden N paths of pulse electric signals respectively to obtain N paths of pulse broadening electric signals, and N charge discharge curves corresponding to the N charge integration circuits are generated respectively in the broadening process;
step 3, asynchronously sampling the N paths of pulse stretching electric signals to obtain N groups of sampling data;
Step 4, respectively selecting M points in each group of obtained sampling data as zero point measuring points to obtain M x N zero point measuring points, and determining a unique time zero point t 0 according to the M x N zero point measuring points, wherein M is a positive integer; determining a unique time zero t 0, comprising the steps of:
step 4.1, arranging M x N zero point measurement points according to time sequence;
Step 4.2, sequentially comparing M x N zero point measuring points, and taking two zero point measuring points which are converted from zero signals to pulse signals as zero point criteria;
Step 4.3, selecting a zero point measuring point with a previous time sequence in a zero point criterion as a unique time zero point t 0;
step 5, selecting one point on the N charge discharge curves as a sampling point respectively to obtain N sampling points;
step 6, calculating response current i 0 of each photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal through N sampling points and a unique time zero point t 0; the calculation formula of the response current i 0 of the photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal is as follows:
Wherein t 1 represents the sampling time of a sampling point, U 1 represents the output voltage of the photoelectric detector at time t 1, (t 1,U1) represents the sampling point selected on the charge discharge curve, and w is the pulse width of the pulse electric signal after the pulse laser signal is converted by the photoelectric detector; r represents the load of the charge integration circuit, and C represents the integration capacitance of the charge integration circuit;
step 7, according to the response current I 0 of each photoelectric detector to the pulse laser signal, respectively calculating to obtain the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on each photoelectric detector; the calculation formula of the light intensity I of the pulse laser signal irradiated on the corresponding photoelectric detector is as follows:
wherein alpha is the light intensity attenuation multiple; a represents the area of the photosensitive surface of the photodetector;
And 8, arranging the light intensities I on the N photoelectric detectors one by one according to the mapping relation with the N photoelectric detectors to obtain the power density distribution of the pulse laser signals, and further recovering the pulse laser signals.
2. The method for recovering signals based on measuring pulse laser by array detection method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the N charge integration circuits in the step 2 are connected in series.
3. The method for recovering signals based on measuring pulse laser by array detection method according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 2, each charge integration circuit is a first-order RC circuit, including a load R and an integration capacitor C, and defining the time constant of the charge integration circuit as τ, where the time constant τ, the load R and the integration capacitor C satisfy the following relationships:
τ＝RC
Wherein the values of the load R and the integrating capacitor C in each charge integrating circuit are determined according to the following steps:
Step 2.1, defining I s as a saturation threshold of the photodetector, U max as the highest output voltage of the photodetector, a as the area of the photosensitive surface of the photodetector, and R e as the response rate of the photodetector, and calculating the value of the load R in the charge integrating circuit corresponding to the value according to the following formula:
and 2.2, substituting the value of the load R into tau=RC, calculating to obtain the value of the integrating capacitor C in the charge integrating circuit, and further determining the corresponding charge integrating circuit.
4. A method for recovering signals based on measuring pulse laser by array detection method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: in step 3, the analog multi-way switch is adopted to gate the plurality of photoelectric detector channels, so that asynchronous sampling of the plurality of photoelectric detector channels is realized, and the switching gating of all the photoelectric detectors in each frame of sampling is performed once.
5. The method for recovering signals based on measuring pulse laser by array detection method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 5, the sampling points on the charge discharging curves all select curve portions corresponding to the falling edges of the pulse stretching electric signals on the charge discharging curves.
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| WO2010015951A1 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Data acquisition |
| CN108955872B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Pulse laser beacon wave-front detection device and method for eliminating influence of sky light background |
| CN113219477A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-08-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Laser detector and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN114567772B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2024-06-21 | 西北核技术研究所 | Measuring method and measuring system for optical gating time characteristics of image intensifier |
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| CN108007906A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 百色学院 | A kind of long-afterglow material phosphorescence excitation spectrum measuring system and method |
| CN109238133A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-01-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | The collecting method and device of the facula position measurement device of Gao Zhongying laser |
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